Phases Of Use Research Articles

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Boosting and Bagging Ensemble Techniques in Forecasting Lithium‐Ion Battery Useful Life

ABSTRACTIt is essential to forecast the exact rate at which the cell's capacity would decline for practical uses, to comprehend the intricate and non‐linear behavior of the cell. Furthermore, the majority of studies provided subpar prediction criteria, making early cell lifetime prediction difficult. Applying reliable and accurate aging models to the dynamic on‐road conditions presents additional challenges. In this work, the battery lifetime during its earliest phases of use was accurately predicted using machine learning models. After analyzing the patterns of the parameters, 12 hand‐crafted features were selected and the raw data of the first 100 cycles of 126 cells was used for creating the dataset for the features. The dataset was then used to train five machine learning models namely random forest, gradient boosting machine (GBM), light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), extreme gradient boosting machine (XGBoost), and gradient boost with categorical features (CATBoost). The statistical analysis reveals that XGBoost algorithm present the best result with a R2 value of 0.95 and root‐mean‐square‐error (RMSE) of 97 cycles. Lastly, in comparison to existing studies, the RMSE significantly reduced from a maximum of 138 to 97 cycles.

Unveiling FDA-approved Drugs and Formulations in the Management of Bladder Cancer: A Review.

Urological cancers are one of the most prevalent malignancies around the globe. Specifically, bladder cancer severely threatens the health of humans because of its heterogeneous and aggressive nature. Extensive studies have been conducted for many years in order to address the limitations associated with the treatment of solid tumors with selective substances. This article aims to provide a summary of the therapeutic drugs that have received FDA approval or are presently in the testing phase for use in the prevention or treatment of bladder cancer. In this review, FDA-approved drugs for bladder cancer treatment have been listed along with their dose protocols, current status, pharmacokinetics, action mechanisms, and marketed products. The article also emphasizes the novel preparations of these drugs that are presently under clinical trials or are in the approval stage. Thus, this review will serve as a single point of reference for scientists involved in the formulation development of these drugs.

Real-life users of hormonal or thermal male contraception: An analysis of female partners' motivation, experience, and satisfaction.

Two male contraceptive methods that inhibit spermatogenesis currently exist: thermal male contraception and hormonal male contraception.Only five studies have been conducted on the acceptability of these methods among men; among women, only the hypothetical acceptability of such a male contraceptive approach as the sole contraception method used by a couple has been evaluated. To evaluate the motivation, experience, and satisfaction of female partners in couples using hormonal male contraception or thermal male contraception as the sole contraception. In this cross-sectional study, 123maleusers of hormonal male contraception or thermal male contraception as the couple's sole contraception method were asked to invite their female partner to participate in an anonymous online survey. The questionnaire included 95 questions exploring population characteristics, contraceptive and pregnancy history, motivations for choosing hormonal male contraception or thermal male contraception, the experience of the women in the successive phase of use, relationships with theirpartner, and satisfaction with the contraception method. The response rate among participating women was 69% (59/86). The two main reasons for choosing male contraceptive were the desire to sharethecontraception role in the couple (65%) and the desire of the man to take charge of the contraception (61%). The sexual satisfaction score increased significantly between the contraceptive methods used before hormonal male contraception or thermal male contraception and the phase of contraceptive use (p<0.01). The overall satisfaction level with thermal male contraception or hormonal male contraception was rated at 3.7±0.6 out of 4. Women mostly recommended hormonal male contraception or thermal male contraception because of the share of contraceptive responsibility and mental load (n=23/54, 43%). This population of women seemed to have struggled to find a contraceptive method that suited them, but most took advantage of thermal male contraception or hormonal male contraception and trusted their male partner to take charge of contraception use. The positive evaluation from women in partnerships using thermal male contraception and hormonal male contraception should encourage the development of these methods.

Preparation, luminescence and thermal stability of Tb3+/Eu3+ doped glass ceramics containing KAlSiO4 crystalline phase

The melt-crystallisation process was used to successfully synthesised Tb3+/Eu3+ doped glass ceramics with KAlSiO4 crystalline phase. The optimum heat treatment condition was determined to be 560 °C/90 min by DSC, XRD, SEM and optical transmittance curves, under which the optical transmittance of the glass ceramic in the visible region can reach 80%. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to determine the energy transfer between Tb3+ and Eu3+, and it was discovered that the energy transfer mechanism was brought on by dipole-dipole interactions. The chromaticity coordinates of the 0.9%Eu3+-0.9%Tb3+ doped sample are (0.3627, 0.3389), it is close to the color of white light. According to variable temperature spectroscopy analysis, emission intensity of Eu3+/Tb3+ co-doped glass ceramics at 458 K can be maintained at 97% and 70% of room temperature at 543 and 614 nm, respectively, demonstrating that the sample has good thermal stability. The results of this study demonstrate the potential of Eu3+/Tb3+ co-doped glass ceramics with KAlSiO4 crystalline phase for use in white light emitting diodes, solid state colour development and other fields.

Tam Analysis on Bukalapak Application Users in Denpasar City: Customer Satisfaction as a Mediating Variable

The purpose of this study is to examine how customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between perceived convenience and usefulness and reuse intention. The investigation was conducted in Bali's Denpasar City. The population of Denpasar City Bukalapak users under investigation is indeterminate, meaning that its exact number cannot be determined. The purposive sampling method, or the process of choosing the sample while taking specific factors into account, is the approach utilized in sample selection. The inferential statistics employed in this study are partial least square (PLS)-based structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. Perceived convenience and usefulness have a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction, which in turn has a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, which in turn has a positive and significant effect on intention to reuse, and which partially mediates the influence of perceived usefulness, according to the research findings. and purpose to reuse perceived simplicity of use. Based on the research findings, it can be said that intentions to reuse are higher when perceived utility and convenience are higher. Therefore, client satisfaction increases with perceived utility and convenience. Increased customer satisfaction correlates with higher intention to reuse. Customer happiness rises with perceived usefulness and convenience, which in turn leads to an increase in the desire to reuse. Bukalapak's suggestions include enhancing customer service abilities, offering distinct phases of use till the transaction is completed, and including features that are utilized for its consumers' transaction demands.

Tuning electronic levels in photoactive hydroxylated titania nanosystems: combining the ligand dipole effect and quantum confinement.

Reducing the size of titania (TiO2) to the nanoscale promotes the photoactive anatase phase for use in a range of applications from industrial catalysis to environment remediation. The nanoscale dimensions of these systems affect the magnitude of the electronic energy gap by quantum confinement. Upon interaction with aqueous environments or water vapour, the surfaces of these systems will also be hydroxylated to some degree. In turn, this affects the electronic energy levels due to the cumulative electrostatic effect of the dipolar hydroxyl (-OH) ligands (i.e. the ligand dipole effect). Using accurate density functional calculations, we investigate the combined effects of quantum confinement and the hydration-induced ligand dipole effect on a set of realistic titania nanosystems over a wide range of hydroxylation. Our detailed investigation reveals that, contrary to previous models, the ligand dipole effect does not-linearly depend on the ligand coverage due to the formation of inter-ligand OH⋯OH hydrogen bonds. To account for the resulting effects, we propose a refined model, which describes the ligand dipole effect more accurately in our systems. We show that both hydroxylation (by the ligand dipole effect) and size (by quantum confinement) have significant but distinct impacts on the electronic energy levels in nanotitania. As an example, we discuss how variations in these effects can be used to tune the highest unoccupied energy level in nanotitania for enhancing the efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction. Overall, we show that any specific energy shift can be achieved by a range of different combinations of nanosystem size and degree of hydroxylation, thus providing options for energy-level tuning while also allowing consideration of practical constraints (e.g. synthetic limitations, operating conditions) for photochemical applications.

'Plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose'?

An evolutionary approach on the study of the funerary systems in Late Prehistory allows recognizing diverse contexts of social crises in the north of Iberia. The analysis of the radio-chronological data that we have compiled indicates five phases of use—with the newness of identifying two different cycles during the Late Neolithic—and of subsequent ‘abandonment’ in the megaliths; this is reduced to two phases in the case of the sepulchral caves. We interpret the radio-chronological results through an examination of the material culture present in the graves and dynamics of the megalithic architecture. In addition, we contrast our results with different approaches, carrying out a complementary multidisciplinary approach. In this regard, we found that megalithism served as a vehicle for responding to the different crisis and changes faced by increasingly complex and unequal human groups.

The beginnings of pottery technology in Vietnam based on finds from the Xom Trai Cave in the Hoà Bình Province

In the caves of South East Asia, artefacts from the Pleistocene period known as the Hoabinhian culture are found. They also include the oldest evidence of using pottery technology in this region. The adoption of the new technology can be seen as a deeper specialization within the hunter-gatherer economy. The use of pottery facilitates and accelerates the thermal processing of food (i.e., cooking or possibly roasting). In addition, some foods require prolonged or repeated cooking; otherwise, they may be toxic or difficult to digest. The article analyzes vessels fragments from the XomTrai Cave and additionally from the Hiem Cave – both in Hoà Bình Province in Vietnam. Based on physical characteristics, four formal and technological groups were distinguished, corresponding to three phases of use. The first is related to the decline of the Hoabinhian communities – the so-called Dabutian (the Da But culture), the second with the early Neolithic Phung Nguyen culture (or horizon), and the third with the early Bronze Age Go Mun culture.

Design and characterization of an optical-fiber-coupled laser-induced desorption source for gas-phase dynamics experiments.

Preparation of neutral non-volatile molecules intact in the gas phase for mass spectrometry or chemical dynamics experiments remains a challenge for many classes of molecules. Here, we report the design and characterization of a fiber-coupled laser-based thermal desorption source capable of preparing intact neutral molecules at high molecular densities in the gas phase for use in velocity-map imaging experiments. Within this source, the sample is deposited onto a thin tantalum foil. Irradiation of the foil from the reverse side by a focused laser beam leads to highly localized heating of the sample, resulting in desorption of a plume of molecules into the gas phase. The fiber-coupled design simplifies the alignment of the desorption laser beam, and the ability to rotate the foil relative to the fixed laser beam allows the sample to be continually refreshed under vacuum. We use 118nm photoionization of three test molecules-uracil, adenine, and phenylalanine-to characterize the source and to demonstrate various aspects of its performance. These include the dependence of the velocity-map imaging performance on the size of the interaction region and the dependence of the laser-induced desorption source emission on desorption laser power and heating time. Signal levels recorded in these measurements are comparable to those we typically obtain in similar experiments using a pulsed supersonic molecular beam, and we, therefore, believe that the source has considerable potential for use in a wide range of chemical dynamics and other experiments.

Multidisciplinary strategy to reduce errors with the use of medical gases

ObjectiveLack of awareness of the risks associated with the use of medical gases amongst health professionals and health organizations is concerning. The objective of this study is to redefine the use process of medical gases in a hospital setting. MethodA sentinel event took place in a clinical unit, the incorrect administration of a medical gas to an inpatient. A multidisciplinary cause-root analysis of the sentinel event was carried out. Different improvement points were identified for each error detected and so we defined a good strategy to ensure the safe use of these drugs. Results9 errors were identified and the following improvement actions were defined: storage (gases of clinical use were separated from those of industrial use and proper identification signs were placed), prescription (6 protocols were included in the hospital's Computerized Physician Order Entry software), validation (pharmacist validation of the prescription to ensure appropriate use of these), dispensation (a new protocol for medical gases dispensation and transportation was designed and implemented) and administration (information on the pressure gauges used for each type of gas was collected and reviewed). 72 Signs with recommendations for medical gases identification and administration were placed in all the clinical units. Specific training on the safe use of medical gases and general safety training was imparted. ConclusionsThe implementation of a process that integrates all phases of use of medical gases and applies to all professionals involved is presented here as a strategy to increase safety in the use of these medicines

Assessment of selected environmental and economic factors for the development of electro-mobility in Poland

AbstractElectromobility is now widely recognized as a remedy for the growing level of greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector. The result of this approach is the agreement of the European Commission with the member states regarding the achievement of CO2-free emission of the new fleet of passenger cars by 2035 through the use of battery electric vehicles. However, it should be emphasized that currently, not every country in the European Union has electricity sources with low CO2 emission (Proposal for a REGULATION… (EU) 2019/631), which in fact can contribute to a lower environmental effect than expected. The amount of environmental impact of a battery electric vehicle depends mainly on the type of energy mix of the country in which it is used. In view of the above, the first scientific objective of the article is a comparative assessment of environmental impact, using the LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), the phase of use of passenger cars with conventional drive in relation to battery electric vehicles consuming electricity from the power grid in Poland and in Italy. The results of the LCA analysis, phases of BEV use in Poland indicate a higher level of environmental impact in relation to ICE due to the generation of electricity, for the most part from hard coal. Nevertheless, in Poland, as in other EU countries, an electromobility support system is being implemented. The successful implementation of electromobility depends on the environmental awareness of BEV users. The scientific cognitive aspect of the BEV purchase decisions of the Polish society is carried out using a survey questionnaire with the use of a non-random selection of the research sample (convenient selection). The aim of this cross-sectional survey was to confront the results of the environmental impact of the BEV use phase with the knowledge of the Polish society, as well as to learn about purchasing factors (future and current users). The results of the survey questionnaire demonstrate the low level of knowledge of the Polish society on the impact of the BEV use phase in Poland. This can be the result of media coverage in which BEV is presented as ecological transport. The aim of the article is not to depreciate the environmental performance of BEVs, but to draw attention to the fact that, to a large extent, the environmental impact of the BEV use phase depends on the place of use (country), and precisely the type of energy mix of a particular country. The literature on the subject lacks the confrontation of the results of scientific research in the field of environmental impact assessment of the BEV use phase with the knowledge of the public on this subject. The research results can be used by decision makers to properly target the support for the development of electromobility in Poland, consisting primarily in increasing the availability of infrastructure for charging BEV and changing the energy mix to energy sources with a lower environmental impact.

Applications, Benefits, and Risks of ChatGPT in Medical and Health Sciences Research: An Experimental Study

This article explored the potential applications, benefits, and risks of using ChatGPT in medical and health sciences research. The experimental study was performed with content analysis of the potential applications, benefits and risks of using ChatGPT in medical and health sciences research. This study shows many potential applications, benefits, and risks of using ChatGPT in medical and health sciences research. The average experts’ ChatGPT appropriateness and accuracy rates in the eight research themes were between 60% and 95%. This concludes that ChatGPT could help medical and health sciences researchers, especially new researchers, with caution in many aspects of research. The ChatGPT is still in the early phase of use by researchers worldwide, and its ability to help in research will be better soon. Attending training workshops about ChatGPT and AI is very important and highly recommended. The practice of ChatGPT in medical and health sciences research is important and recommended to explore the potential uses, benefits, risks and suggest recommendations for the best practice.

BIM interoperability in the maintenance planning process for existing buildings

One of the main difficulties inherent to the process of maintenance and management of existing assets is the lack of plans and project documents that allow a study and even an understanding of how the structure of the building works. In addition to the lack of records of changes made that may have altered the structure of heritage buildings over time. This makes it difficult to analyze interventions, to treat possible problems that may evolve into more worrying pathologies that put at risk the useful life of the property. Older buildings require more frequent inspections in order to carry out interventions that can extend their service life. Having all records of maintenance and inspections is essential for better planning future interventions. The usage of BIM technology in maintenance planning and management of existing buildings is becoming increasingly popular. This study proposes a methodology to efficiently use BIM technology in the phase of use, operation, and maintenance of buildings. Navisworks Manage software is used as a key alternative for information visualization and management, taking advantage of the interoperability inherent in the BIM process through IFC. The methodology involves the collection of data, modeling of the structure, linking maintenance sheets to each respective structural element of the 3D model, visualization of the 3D model in Navisworks Manage, and generation of 2D projects with indications of problems identified in the field. The proposed methodology improves the accuracy and dynamic nature of the maintenance planning process, allowing better control of inspection and maintenance records over time. The ease and security of data stored in real-time in online spreadsheets ensure the recording of information in an accessible and integrated way, which can be used in planning and reform processes over time. It enables the adoption of a preventive approach that favors and provides essential information for future maintenance. The proposed methodology can be adapted and reproduced for application in other design disciplines like architecture and complementary designs. The proposed methodology was used for the visualization and documentation of the 3D model referring to the as-built of SG-12. This case study is part of the set of General Services Sheds of the University of Brasília, which besides being an old building in the process of being listed as cultural heritage, has undergone several changes over time. The methodology developed and the result of the documentation of the data are presented in detail.

The geoarchaeological investigation on the defunctionalisation of an Assyrian canals system reveals Late-Holocene land use transitions in Northern Mesopotamia

During the Assyrian rule over Northern Mesopotamia (present-day northern Iraq), complex systems of canals were built to increase the surface of cultivable land and improve the movement of people and goods across the irrigated waterscape of the hinterland of Nineveh and other major urban centres, with the aim of granting socio-economic prosperity to the empire. Nevertheless, supra-regional political instability eventually led to the rapid downfall of the Assyrian state during the late seventh century BCE, causing the swift abandonment of the canal systems. In this study, we examine the post-abandonment formation processes of the natural and anthropogenic infillings of three portions of King Sennacherib’s Khinis canal system (705–681 BCE, northwestern Kurdistan Region of Iraq) through means of archaeological, sedimentological and micromorphological analyses. We identify water lain sediments, desiccation features, colluvial gravel intake and pastoral occupation layers, anchoring the deposit to radiometric dating and contextualising it against the known regional climatic history. The interpretation of pedostratigraphic evidence highlights subsequent phases of use, abandonment, and repurposing of the canals, reflecting shifts in land-use from agriculture to pastoralism and dynamic adaptation and resilience of the local ancient communities in response to Late-Holocene climate changes and geopolitical events.

Interpreting the subterranean building (the crypt) in the northern courtyard of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople

AbstractThis article discusses a subterranean building, situated north of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, which was investigated during a recent interdisciplinary survey conducted by Çiğdem Özkan Aygün. Although it is generally accepted that the edifice had more than one phase of use, the date of its original construction and utilisation has been problematic since the building is not mentioned in any written sources and was either not included in other archaeological excavations and surveys or not studied intensively. The aim of this paper is to present the underground building in detail and to propose a date for its construction based on the new survey data and on ancient written sources about the church of Hagia Sophia. Archaeological data from previous surveys are also taken into account. The subterranean building’s different phases of use are documented, and it is proposed that it was originally used as a reliquary, then later, after a number of alterations, became a cistern.

Digital Twins for 5G Networks: A Modeling and Deployment Methodology

A Mobile Networks Digital Twin (MNDT) is a virtual replica of a mobile communication network that accurately models the devices, the communication links, the operating environment, and the applications that run on the physical network. By replicating different environments in a laboratory and running multiple scenarios, Digital Twins provide a cost-effective way to evaluate performance, predict the effects of network changes, optimize network management, and make appropriate decisions. This paper presents a methodology for automatically creating and using Network Digital Twins, along with a proposed architecture for performing this implementation. This work is framed in the context of the B5GEMINI project, whose goal is to develop an MNDT applied to a 5G core environment and its evolution towards 6G, being able to apply it to use cases in advanced scenarios such as cybersecurity or Industry 4.0. The proposed methodology covers the entire lifecycle of the MNDT, from the initial phases of data acquisition and modeling to the phases of use and bidirectional connection between physical and digital elements.

Results of Archaeological Rescue Excavations at the Site of the Former German Forced Labour Camp KL Jawischowitz, Oświęcim District

The paper presents the results of rescue archaeological excavations carried out at the site of the former German forced labour camp KL Jawischowitz, a sub-camp of KL Auschwitz-Birkenau. It discusses the historical material related to individual phases of use of the building complex as well as the camp architecture and the accompanying technical infrastructure. The remains of architecture connected with two blocks of flats and the camp infrastructure functioning in the years 1942–1945 and also used later were discovered. Movable ­historical objects obtained during the research in the form of fragments of ceramics (porcelain, tiles, and construction ceramics) and glass, connected with the functioning of the German forced labour camp, were also analysed. Between 1945 and 1950, the camp was used by the authorities of the Polish People’s Republic as a forced labour camp for German citizens, members of the NSDAP and the Hitlerjugend, Volksdeutsche, and people suspected of disloyalty to Poland. The last stage of the operation of the former camp complex took place after 1950, when it was converted into a workers’ housing estate. Since the demolition of the housing estate in the 1970s the area has been used as a park, which is currently undergoing revitalisation.

Rural Landscapes of Roman (northern) Liburnia: Diachronic Development of Organisation and the Economy in Extra-Urban Territories in the Light of Recent Archaeological Research

The archaeology of Roman rural landscapes in the province of Dalmatia, and espe¬cially northern Liburnia, has until recently focused on single-site or single-monument analyses, allowing for only geographically patchy and chronologically limited conclu¬sions. Considering the results of recent research in the wider Kvarner and sub-Velebit area, the paper discusses issues of Roman extra-urban territorial organisation, the formation and evolution of settlement and economies on rural estates. Using several case studies, the role of indigenous residents and immigrants in the organisation of the countryside during the early Imperial era is addressed, testifying to a diversified social structure of both landowners and the employed workforce. Later developments in rural settlement are analysed through the prism of newly emergent geopolitical factors emerging in the region from the 3rd century onward. The Christianisation of rural areas and associated novel social practices, and possibly new forms of habita¬tion, are also covered. Finally, the final phases of use of rural sites can now be more cogently discussed thanks to new data from several, mainly insular sites.

Life Lines of Industry: excavation and exploration of the 18th century Walbottle Moor Waggonway

SUMMARY The North East of England has been a hub of mining activity throughout its recent history due to the abundance of large coal deposits in the region. The coal trade and the associated technologies developed by the collieries of Northumberland and Durham were a driving force behind some of the innovations of the Industrial Revolution. Waggonways of the region, as vital routes of commerce, became key testing grounds for civil engineering principles that would go on to influence the world. The excavation of William Brown’s Walbottle Moor Waggonway by Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd in 2019 has provided insights into the construction of one such lifeline of industry. Excavated evidence combined with the documentary and cartographic sources has provided an opportunity to look in-depth at this waggonway. The phases of use, from construction to decommissioning, and the evolution of waggonway technologies in the region have been explored and engineering specific to the complex topography of the area is revealed. These revelations include the multiple phases of the waggonway, which indicate that an initial temporary trackway was used in the construction of the earthwork features along the line – a feature which is unique for the eighteenth century.

The environmental efficiency of materials used in the lifecycle of a wind farm

The rational and economical management of natural resources is a challenge to be faced by contemporary societies. An increasing number of new wind farms, including those nearing the end of their lifecycle, have provoked a discussion about reducing wind farm end-of-life waste materials through the implementation of new, more efficient recycling methods or life cycle extension procedures. This study presents an analysis of the efficient utilization of materials during the lifecycle of a wind farm with respect to three end-of-life management scenarios: the decommissioning of a wind farm after 25 years of use, a 25 year extension of a wind farm lifecycle (assuming a total 50-year long phase of use) consisting in modernizing the facility by means of replacing its rotor, nacelle, and accompanying accessories with new ones of the same type, and a repowering after 25-years of use by means of replacing the entire facility with a new, more efficient and more technologically advanced one. The integrated efficiency index, defined as a ratio of a wind farm's inputs to outputs in its entire lifecycle, was used to assess environmental efficiency. The outputs were taken to be the production of electrical energy, while the inputs were the values of environmental impacts, among others, in the form of a mass of greenhouse gas emission (CO2) equivalents, acidifying substances (SO2), eutrophication substances (PO4) and energy consumption in the wind farm lifecycle determined with the use of ML-IA and CED methods, respectively. The analysis indicated that, in the lifecycle of a wind facility, among all the materials used in a wind farm, steel, cast iron, and polymer materials are characterized by the highest inputs in the form of CO2 and SO2 emissions as well inputs in the form of energy consumption. Analyses of the scenarios considered herein prove that modernization and repowering lead to efficiency reduction in the year these processes are applied. For materials such as steel, concrete, aluminum, copper and cast iron, environmental efficiency is higher for the modernization scenario than for the scenario with decommissioning and repowering, which indicates that it is better to upgrade a wind farm and extend its lifetime (or the lifetime of its subsystems), thus increasing its durability, than to repower it into a wind farm of similar power, which is consistent with the rules of a circular economy.