Pharmaceutical Staff Research Articles

Reactions and Perspectives of Healthcare Workers against Workplace Violence: A Cross-sectional Study at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan

Background: Workplace violence encompasses acts or threats of physical violence, intimidation, harassment, or disruptive behavior occurring within the workplace environment. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, focusing on healthcare workers including doctors, nursing staff, and pharmaceutical staff. A predefined questionnaire gathered data on demographics, workplace details, experiences of violence, reactions to violence, and attitudes towards workplace violence. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), with the Chi-square test used to assess significant associations (p ≤ 0.05). Results: The study included 192 participants, primarily females (52.08%), with 148 doctors (77.1%) and a majority aged 21-30 years (78.13%). Violence was most prevalent during nighttime shifts and among those with 16-20 years of work experience. Verbal violence was reported by 65.1% of participants (p = 0.011). Staff shortages and increased workload were identified as primary causes of violence by 62.4% of respondents (p = 0.017). Relatives were the most common source of violence, accounting for 61.07% of cases. Following incidents, 61.4% of doctors and 38.6% of nurses reported heightened vigilance (p = 0.03). Conclusion: The study highlights a significant prevalence of workplace violence in healthcare settings, particularly verbal abuse and threats from relatives. Staff shortages and increased workloads were identified as major contributing factors. Organizational interventions and training programs are crucial to mitigate the impact of workplace violence on healthcare workers' well-being.

PENGEMBANGAN KUESIONER KEBUTUHAN DAN HAMBATAN PENERAPAN ETIKET OBAT BERBASIS BRAILE

Indonesia has around 1.5% or more than 3.75 million blind people. Of concern is that people with visual impairment are at high risk of medication errors. Even though there are many solutions for implementing Braille labels in daily practice, there are not many agencies that provide this service. Therefore, it is necessary to have an instrument that can measure the needs and barriers to implementing Braille etiquette. The research includes developing an instrument to measure the needs and barriers to implementing Braille etiquette in pharmaceutical services. The research instrument developed was a questionnaire with the name EKREB, which is an acronym for "Evaluation of Braille Etiquette Needs and Barriers". The development of the questionnaire went through the instrument design stages which included planning, construction, reliability testing and validity testing. The total number of EKREB questionnaire design items was 23 items which were then distributed online. The testing involved 30 respondents consisting of 11 undergraduate pharmacy students, 8 pharmaceutical technical staff, and 11 pharmacists in the Situbondo area. Of the 20 items tested, the Crobach's Alpha value obtained was 0.908 (0.6) so a decision could be made that the questionnaire was declared reliable and entered the high reliability category. The results of the Pearson Product Moment test have a sig value. From each questionnaire item obtained 0.05 so that the questionnaire items are declared valid. Based on the research results that have been obtained, it can be concluded that the results of the development of the EKREB questionnaire are declared as valid and reliable instruments to be used as data collection tools for evaluating needs and barriers to service implementation. Braille labels in clinical-community pharmacy practice.

The implementation of the CDS-quiz, a novel educational method, in augmenting the knowledge and competence of pharmaceutical technical personnel

Background: Pharmaceutical personnel are crucial to therapy implementation within healthcare facilities. The predicament lies in optimising the role of pharmaceutical technical staff within clinical pharmacy services, acting as a support system for pharmacists. The impediment to achieving higher satisfaction is attributable to pharmaceutical personnel's inadequate knowledge and skills. Therefore, a need arises for an efficient educational method to enhance their knowledge and proficiency. Objective: To examine the implementation of the CDS-Quiz for enhancing patient knowledge and satisfaction. Method: Over 90 day-research was conducted employing ceramah-, discussion-, and skill-quiz (CDS-Quiz). The respondents consisted of ten PTPs in healthcare facilities. The assessment of patient contentment was undertaken before and following the intervention. Result: After implementing the CDS-Quiz, there was a statistically significant enhancement in PTPs’ knowledge and proficiency (p < 0.001). These include a substantial upswing in patient contentment levels concerning reliability (68.8% to 89.6%), responsiveness (71.1% to 88.8%), and empathy (81.2% to 92.6%) in the provision of pharmaceutical services within the healthcare facility. There was also an increase in assurance (88.2% to 95.5%) and tangible (86% to 91.7%). Conclusion: The CDS-Quiz method proved the enhancement of the knowledge and skills of PTPs in healthcare services and can be applied to maximise pharmaceutical services.

Effective Communication in Providing Medication Information and Patient Satisfaction: A Cross-sectional Survey in Denpasar

Background: Pharmacy personnel should provide pharmaceutical care concerning the applicable standards. Furthermore, pharmacy management must consider patient satisfaction to ensure business continuity. Patient subjective factors strongly influence satisfaction. Meanwhile, patient perceptions of pharmaceutical services will change as their experience increases. The pharmacy must improve its services effectively and efficiently. Factors that affect patient satisfaction can assist pharmacies in improving service quality. Effective communication does not require additional resources to improve service quality. The same information can have different effects when presented in different ways.Objectives: Predict the domain of effective communication that influences patient satisfaction.Methods: The cross-sectional survey using a valid and reliable questionnaire was conducted in Denpasar. The research involved 100 pharmacy consumers and was taken with a convenience sampling technique. Data were analyzed descriptively, followed by a Chi-square test and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The research involved four independent variables: pharmacy atmosphere, pharmacist performance, pharmaceutical technical competence, and interpersonal communication competence. Patient satisfaction is the dependent variable in this study. Results: Communication factors generally affect patient satisfaction in providing drug information. Among all the independent variables tested, interpersonal communication competence plays a significant role in predicting patient satisfaction with a p-value of 0.043 (Logistic regression with 95% confidence level).Conclusion: Patients who perceive pharmacists as having good interpersonal communication competence are 3,133 times more likely to be satisfied. Thus, pharmaceutical staff must train interpersonal communication skills to provide drug information to achieve patient satisfaction outcomes in pharmaceutical services.

Patient's satisfaction level with community pharmacies services in Romania: a questionnaire-based study.

The patient satisfaction questionnaires in literature are according to the community pharmacies services in the authors' countries and not all have psychometric reports to support the results. We designed a questionnaire specific to the services of community pharmacies in Romania to evaluate the level of patient satisfaction. We carried out a cross-sectional study on voluntary patients. The questionnaire consisted of 22 items, grouped into three domains corresponding to patient satisfaction with pharmacies, pharmaceutical staff and medication availability, and four subdomains related to pharmaceutical staff skills. The 5-point Likert scale was used. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS 27.0. The Cronbach's Alpha was 0.861. The Inter-rater Agreement was 72.0%, the Item Content Validity was 97.6% and the completeness index was 100%. The factor analysis indicated 6 factors (Eigen values >1.0). The 809 patients had a median of overall satisfaction score of 3.77; the median was 4.0 regarding satisfaction score with pharmaceutical staff skills. Respondents characteristics varied the patient's satisfaction level (p ≤ 0.05). The reliability and validity of the questionnaire have been demonstrated. Overall patient satisfaction with community pharmacy services had a moderate level, but the attitude and confidence in the pharmacist had a high level of satisfaction.

OVERVIEW OF FACTORS INFLUENCING DRUG MANAGEMENT AT PRIMARY HEALTH CENTERS IN INDONESIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Drug management is part of pharmaceutical service activities, which includes interrelated stages: selection, planning, requesting, receiving, storage, distribution, controlling, recording, reporting, monitoring and evaluation, which play an essential role in ensuring the availability of drugs at PHCs. The systematic review aims to identify indicators of drug management at PHCs in Indonesia and analyze factors that influenced it. This systematic review used the PRISMA methods. Google Scholar is an electronic database to identify related studies. This study is limited publications from 2013 to 2023. The quality of the articles was assessed using JBI Critical Appraisal. The electronics database search earned 570 articles, while only nine articles met the criteria for analysis. Several indicators are different from the standards used due to several factors. Based on the result, factors influencing drug management at PHCs include human resources, financing, information management, facilities, and technology. For most of them, human resources are a determining factor that significantly influences the quality of pharmaceutical services at PHC’s in Indonesia. The implementation of pharmaceutical services at the PHCs must be carried out by at least one pharmacist, the person in charge, who can be assisted by pharmaceutical technical staff as needed. Resources humans influence indicators of planning accuracy; suitability of requests; storage; distribution; control; recording, reporting, and archiving. This study's results are to make improvement strategies, including interventions to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services that impact community satisfaction and stakeholders.

Pengaruh Pemberian Informasi Obat terhadap Kepuasan Pasien serta Faktor Pengganggu yang Terlibat di Dalamnya

Providing information when dispensing medicine is a pharmaceutical service that must follow applicable regulations. The best service makes patients satisfied and loyal to the pharmacy. Many things influence patient satisfaction due to varying patient perceptions regarding the quality of pharmacy services. This study aims to analyze the relationship between providing drug information and patient satisfaction, as well as confounding variables. Cross-sectional research was carried out by distributing Likert scale questionnaires and a checklist of types of drug information provided by pharmaceutical staff at the Indobat Padangsambian Pharmacy. The questionnaire was developed from literature studies and has been tested for validity and reliability. A total of 118 respondents who met the criteria were taken using convenience sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and logistic regression. The chi-square test shows that the type of drug information conveyed by pharmaceutical staff is not related to patient satisfaction at the Indobat Padangsambian Pharmacy (p-value 0.580, CI 95%). All variables that are thought to be confounding variables do not have an independent effect on the dependent variable. However, it is known that occupation (health workers and non-health workers) and the patient's proximity to pharmaceutical workers interact and influence patient satisfaction. Pharmacy personnel should provide drug information according to regulations. To make patients satisfied and loyal to the pharmacy, pharmaceutical staff must pay attention to the patient's work background and personal relationship with the patient when providing drug information.

EVALUATION AND DESIGN OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT IN COMPLETENESS OF RECIPE SCREENING IN AR-RASYID ISLAMIC HOSPITAL PALEMBANG

Errors in prescribing and administering drugs are things that often occur in medicine, so in an effort to improve pharmaceutical performance, an evaluation and development of a SIM is carried out to support pharmaceutical services in hospitals. The aim of this research is to evaluate the Management Information System needs at RSI Ar-Rasyid Palembang and continue with the development of a design model. This research is descriptive research conducted through direct observation and documentation. The development of this research system uses a prototype method starting from needs analysis, system design and implementation of the EUCS (End User Computing Satisfaction) framework system, creating a system design using context diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams and Entity Relationship Data, the data analysis method used is qualitative analysis. The results of the research from direct observation on the completeness of the IFRS SIM show that the SIM at RSI Ar-Rasyid in pharmaceutical screening has been fulfilled, but in administrative screening and clinical screening it has not been fulfilled and the results of evaluation using a questionnaire distributed to pharmaceutical installation staff show an average the answer to each statement variable is satisfied. In making a draft design, there are suggestions that include clinical screening of prescriptions, it is hoped that this will help pharmacy installation staff in providing services to avoid medication errors. Based on system design, input design and output design, the patient prescription screening management information system design meets the criteria so it is ready to be implemented into the system.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICE STANDARDS IN PHARMACIES OF ROKAN HULU DISTRICT

Currently, pharmaceutical services have experienced a lot of development, which initially used to focus on drug management, but have now turned into drug and clinical pharmacy services aimed at raising the standard of living of patients. Pharmaceutical applications are carried out according to pharmaceutical service standards in pharmacies which serve as the basis for providing services. Minister of Health Number. 73 of 2016 is a benchmark that is always guided by pharmaceutical staff in providing services. In this research, qualitative research was chosen which is descriptive quantitative through a cross sectional approach. The sample is determined using the Non-Probability Sampling technique, namely the Total Sampling type where the total population is determined as a sample. Where the number of samples selected amounted to 25 people. Research data must be in-depth, clear, and specific through in-depth interviews and observations. Data analysis was performed on variables through univariate analysis and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test with a 95% confidence level. Aspects of infrastructure, Management of Pharmaceutical Supplies and Health Supplies, and administration have a significant relationship to pharmaceutical services at pharmacies in Rokan Hulu district with each sequential p-value being 0.002; 0.003; and 0.003. In improving services in accordance with Permenkes Number. 73 of 2016, it requires qualified facilities and infrastructure, good health management and provision, as well as complete administration.

SISTEM INFORMASI FITOFARMAKA (SIFITA) BERBASIS WEB SEBAGAI SUMBER INFORMASI APOTEKER

Pharmaceutical services are a direct and responsible form of service for pharmacists in Indonesia to provide pharmaceutical preparations to patients. One of the pharmaceutical preparations given is traditional medicine. Phytopharmaca is a form of traditional Indonesian medicine that comes from plants that have undergone pre-clinical trials and clinical trials that can be submitted by pharmaceutical staff. In the Era 4.0 of the industrial revolution, it is very possible for services to be made easier when accessing information systems because it is faster so that it can maintain patient trust. Advances in technology in all fields can bring many benefits, one of which is in the pharmaceutical world. The information system was built on a web basis so that it is easy to use because it can be accessed via various electronic media such as laptops, PCs or gadgets and can be accessed at any time via the internet network. With this convenience, many users from pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical personnel will be able to get information from phytopharmacies circulating on the market. The aim of this research is to create a web-based information system as a source of information for pharmaceutical staff about Phytopharmaca. The research design was experimental, descriptive qualitative with a triangulation method by means of observation, interviews and official literature review in FGD. The instrument used is a Depth Interview sheet which has been reviewed by experts. The result of this research is a Web-based Information System which contains content regarding Phytopharmaca as a source of information for pharmaceutical personnel with features that pay attention to content, format, accuracy and ease of use with the name SIFITA. The menu in SIFITA is a list of phytopharmaca, phytopharmaca product gallery, profile, contact, knowledge about phytopharmaca complete with photos and regulations which can be downloaded.

Determinants of implementing the ID ROLL OUT study's interventions: qualitative results

Abstract Issue Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASP) and infectious disease (ID) specialists aim to ensure the rational use of antimicrobials and to improve patient outcomes. Whilst ASPs are established to varying degrees, ID specialists are rarely available in secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Germany. Description of the problem With the ID ROLL OUT study, we implemented and evaluated an intervention, which comprises ASP with and without ID specialists’ consultation in ten hospitals (excl. university hospitals) in south-west Germany. Little has been reported on the medical and pharmaceutical staff's perspectives on the implementations. This study describes barriers, facilitators, and suggestions for improvement to successfully establish a large-scale multicentre intervention. The participants responsible for implementing the intervention were interviewed using semi-structured, guided interviews at two time-points (t1: n = 17; t2: n = 18). The recorded interviews were analysed for content, following Kuckartz. Results A high level of acceptance and a positive attitude towards the intervention are conducive to the intervention's successful implementation. The teams find extra time for the study and a close staff collaboration at a local team level to be helpful. The main barriers identified are a high workload, lack of acceptance by colleagues in key roles, and the Covid-19 pandemic. Lack of digitalisation and entrenched internal structures were identified as major barriers. To further improve implementation, more infectious disease training should be provided, along with support from superiors and extension of the intervention phase. Moreover, government-mandated ASP guidelines and quality management by the German Medical Association are desired and expected to contribute in the future. Lessons The identified determinants provide much-needed key information, which is important for the efficient, targeted and successful implementation of future similar interventions. Key messages • Acceptance, positive attitude and staff collaboration help to implement the intervention. • Heavy workloads and lack of support from key colleagues hinder the intervention’s implementation.

Sosialisasi Pelaksanaan Pengelolaan Obat Di Puskesmas Mamajang

Drug management is a pharmaceutical service activity that starts from planning, procurement, distribution, use and disposal of drugs. The aim is to ensure the continuity and availability of efficient, effective and rational medicines, increase the competency of pharmaceutical staff, create a management information system and implement service quality control and implementation relationships in drug management at the Mamajang Community Health Center, Mamajang District, Makassar City. Collection was carried out through in-depth interview techniques and direct observation. The results of drug planning at the Mamajang Community Health Center are in accordance with the drug management guidelines which are seen based on needs at the Community Health Center. Requests for drugs are in accordance with the procedures for procuring/requesting drugs from the Health Service via LPLPO to the District Pharmacy Warehouse (GFK). The distribution of medicines at the Mamajang Community Health Center is not in accordance with the drug management guidelines from GFK and is not in accordance with the needs at the Community Health Center, due to the lack of budget from the APBD which is channeled through the City Health Service. The conclusion is that the planning and use of drugs is in accordance with procedures, while the distribution of drugs is not in accordance with drug management guidelines because the APBD budget is not channeled through the Health Service. So it is hoped that when distributing medicines from the Makassar City Health Service or (GFK) they should pay attention to the procurement/request for medicines based on the LPLPO. The high population ratio in Pamenang, Tanjung, and Gangga Districts compared to existing health facilities and personnel is a very principal problem related to health education for the community, including information about health. One of them is about the correct procedures for obtaining, using, storing and managing medicines which includes how to use special medicines. The aim of this socialization is to educate human resources at the Mamajang Community Health Center. Socialization of this program is carried out through the delivery of material, discussions, questions and answers, demonstrations by pharmacists. The participants happened to be human resources at the Community Health Center who were very enthusiastic about this program because of the participants' activeness in asking and answering questions about drug management.

Current Situation and Factors Related to Stress, Anxiety, and Depression of Pharmaceutical Personnel at Some District Public Health Facilities in Can Tho City, Vietnam in 2021-2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were numerous studies conducted around the world on stress, depression, and anxiety in medical personnel. However, the research on pharmaceutical staff, who are also a significant contributing force in prevention at the hospital, is still limited. The study was carried out by a cross-sectional descriptive method. A total of 125 pharmacy staff working at the medical facilities were directly interviewed. The χ2 test was used to test the relationship between factors with α = 0.05, and the odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval was calculated. The obtained results showed that the percentages of stress, anxiety, and depression among pharmacy staff were 67.2%, 12.0%, and 10.4%, accordingly. Situational stress, anxiety, and depression correlated to education levels, monthly income, and weekly working time. This research emphasized the importance of mental health care for health workers. It promoted the state management agency to organize training courses and share soft skills with pharmaceutical staff to overcome difficulties and bad psychology while on duty at the department.

THE EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCE COMPETENCY TRAINING AND ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM FOR PHARMACEUTICAL PERSONNEL CAPABILITY IMPROVEMENT AT UDB MEDIKA PHARMACY

UDB Medika Pharmacy is a new form of business that was established to increase the income generating of Duta Bangsa University, Surakarta. The lack of experience of Pharmacy Staff at the UDB Medika Pharmacy as practitioners in the pharmacy sector creating human resources in UDB Medika pharmacies requires real training in carrying out pharmaceutical service standards in pharmacies. This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and ability of pharmacy staff, and to find out whether there is a significant influence before and after the Human Resources Competency and Administration System training for pharmacists at UDB Medika Pharmacy. This study was a pre-experimental study with a one-group design that was given a pre-test and a post-test. The results of this study indicate that the average score after training is 78.51, which is higher than the score before training, which is 52.58. Competency Training on Human Resources and Administrative Systems for pharmacists at UDB Medika Pharmacy has been proven to be able to increase the knowledge and skills of pharmaceutical staff at UDB Medika pharmacies in providing pharmaceutical services in accordance with pharmacy service standards at pharmacies, assessed from test results before and after training.

Promoting veterinary medication safety – Exploring the competencies of community pharmacy professionals in veterinary pharmacotherapy

The science of veterinary medicine is currently lacking studies on medication safety, although its importance in protecting animals from medication errors is central. Pharmacy professionals have an important role in ensuring medication safety of both prescription and over-the-counter medications of animals. However, this requires adequate competencies of pharmacy professionals in veterinary pharmacotherapy. The present study aimed to explore the competencies of pharmaceutical staff in community pharmacies in veterinary pharmacotherapy, which factors influence these competencies and what kind of information sources they typically use on veterinary pharmacotherapy.The study was conducted as a cross-sectional online survey targeted to pharmacy professionals in the Finnish community pharmacies, providing 596 responses. Less than half of the respondents (41%, n = 246) are considered to possess good competencies in veterinary pharmacotherapy. A third of the respondents (35%, n = 211) would dispense an anti-inflammatory drug for an animal off-label, whereas 24% (n = 145) would not interview the pet owner to discover the need for internal parasite medication before dispensing the drug. A small proportion (<1%, n = 5) would have dispensed a broad-spectrum internal parasite medication. Approximately a quarter of the respondents (27%, n = 159) stated that they acquired information on pharmacotherapy only from the material produced by the manufacturers of veterinary drugs.The competencies of pharmacy professionals in veterinary pharmacotherapy need to be strengthened in many areas to better promote veterinary medication safety. It should also be ensured that pharmacy professionals can access and use independent, high-quality information on veterinary pharmacotherapy.

The Effect of the Implementation of Permenkes No. 72 of 2016 on the Management of Pharmaceutical Preparations and the Role of Pharmaceutical Personnel on Service Quality (Research at Class D Hospital in Bekasi City)

One of the health services in the hospital is a pharmacy installation, while the definition of a pharmacy installation is a functional implementing unit that organizes all pharmaceutical service activities in the hospital. Pharmaceutical Services is a direct and responsible service to patients related to pharmaceutical preparations with the aim of achieving definite results to improve the patient's quality of life. The service standard is contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Health no. 72 of 2016 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards in Hospitals which aims to improve the quality of pharmaceutical services, guarantee legal certainty for pharmaceutical personnel, and protect patients and the public from irrational drug use in the framework of patient safety. The regulation of service standards is contained in Minister of Health Regulation No. 72 of 2016. covers management standards for pharmaceutical preparations, medical devices and consumable medical materials as well as clinical pharmacy services. With the implementation of Permenkes No. 72 of 2016 is expected to be able to improve service quality. Factors that play a role in improving service quality include the management of pharmaceutical preparations and the role of pharmaceutical staff. This research is a quantitative research using survey method. The population in this study were pharmaceutical supply managers and patients who came to Class D hospitals in Bantar Gebang, Jatisampurna and Pondok Gede. The results showed that there was an effect of the implementation of Permenkes 72 of 2016 on the quality of pharmaceutical services in Class D Hospitals in Bekasi City, with the involvement of pharmaceutical staff in the management of pharmaceutical preparations from the process of selecting, planning needs, procurement, receiving, storage, distribution, destruction and withdrawal, control, and administration. There is an influence of the management of pharmaceutical preparations on the quality of pharmaceutical services in Class D Hospitals in Bekasi City, as seen from the dimensions of trust and empathy that meet expectations in Class D Hospitals Jatisampurna.

EXPERIENCE OF THE BUKOVINIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY IN CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR MEDICAL PERSONNEL PERFORMING NEONATAL AND PEDIATRIC CARE IN UKRAINE

Continuous professional development of doctors and nurses using modern learning tools is the key to the quality andeffectiveness of neonatal and pediatric care in Ukraine, especially given the extremely difficult challenges of wartime. The basicprinciples of continuing professional development (CPD) of Ukrainian medical and pharmaceutical practitioners were approvedby the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 725 "Regulations on the System of Continuing ProfessionalDevelopment of Medical and Pharmaceutical Workers" dated July 14, 2021.The article presents the experience of the Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Perinatal Medicine of Bukovinian State Medical University (BSMU) (Head - Doctor of Medicine, Professor Nechytailo Y. M.) in conducting CPD activities for medical staff providing neonatal and pediatric care in Ukraine. The Department hosts specialization and internship cycles in Neonatology and Pediatric Anesthesiology, as well as all kinds of professional seminars, workshops, simulation trainings and professional schools. The target group of the CPD activities is neonatologists, pediatric anesthesiologists, pediatricians, pediatric neurologists, family medicine doctors, emergency medicine doctors, etc.The educational activity is carried out on the basis of the Training Center for Modern Technologies of Perinatal Medicine(headed by Doctor of Medicine, Professor Yulija Godovanets), the Center for Simulation Medicine and Innovative TechnologiesCOSMIT of BSMU and clinical bases of the department. The training process involves the use of full-time and distance learning.Based on the current educational requirements and the Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 2016 dated10.11.2022, the Department of Pediatrics, Neonatology and Perinatal Medicine of BSMU has launched CPD cycles for medicaland pharmaceutical staff with higher, entry-level (short cycle) and first (bachelor's) level of higher medical and pharmaceuticaleducation and Masters in Nursing.

Association between inequalities in human resources for health and all cause and cause specific mortality in 172 countries and territories, 1990-2019: observational study

ObjectiveTo explore inequalities in human resources for health (HRH) in relation to all cause and cause specific mortality globally in 1990-2019.DesignObservational study.Setting172 countries and territories.Data sourcesDatabases of the Global Burden...

Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals for mental health: why greater prioritization and adequately tracking progress are critical.

Meeting the UN Sustainable Development Goals for mental health: why greater prioritization and adequately tracking progress are critical.

EVALUATION OF DRUG INFORMATION SERVICES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN OUTPATIENT INSTALLATIONS GENERAL HOSPITAL PHARMACY COAL REGION

Based on people's unhealthy lifestyle habits and from data on the five biggest diseases for the period July – September 2022 which shows that diabetes mellitus occupies the second level of the five biggest diseases in Batu Bara Hospital, and drug information services are very necessary because there are many patients who still do not understand what to do about drugs, this is done to minimize abuse and interactions between drugs that are not wanted by patients. To find out how drug information services are for DM patients at the Batu Bara Hospital pharmacy installation on an outpatient basis, and to identify the completeness of the information provided by pharmaceutical staff to patients at the Framing Installation at the Batu Bara General Hospital, and also to find out the problems found in technical drug information services provided to patients at the Batu Bara Regional Hospital Pharmacy Installation. This type of research is an observational study. The design of this study is qualitative by making direct observations or observations, interviews and documentation. Drug information services for diabetes mellitus patients in outpatient care at the Batu Bara Hospital pharmacy installation were in the very good category with a result of 96%. Drug information services performed by eight pharmacists consisting of six pharmacists and two pharmacy technicians for outpatient diabetes mellitus patients at the Batu Bara Hospital pharmaceutical installation have met the standards in the very good category with a yield of 96%.