PET Fabrics Research Articles

Recombinant Supercharged Polypeptide Fusions for the Hydrophilic Finishing of PET Textiles

Recombinant Supercharged Polypeptide Fusions for the Hydrophilic Finishing of PET Textiles

Durable flame retardant and UV-resistant coating for Poly (ethylene terephthalate) fabric with recyclability and reusability

Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET)fabric is widely used in our lives due to its excellent mechanical strength, high elasticity, wrinkle resistance, and anti-abrasion. However, the inflammability and droplets produced during combustion restricted its application. Herein, a novel PET fabric with fire resistance, anti-dripping, and UV resistance is proposed to resolve this problem. Firstly, the finishing agent (AAD) was synthesized using adipoyl chloride, 9-anthracenemethanol, and diethyl(hydroxymethyl)phosphonate. Then AAD was introduced to the surface of PET fabric by dip-pad-cure process. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of AAD-treated PET enhanced to 23.8% from 19.3%. Besides, the fabric passed the vertical burning test (VBT) with no droplets generated. The fabric could still pass the VBT and maintain an LOI value of 23.3% after washing. Meanwhile, the AAD-treated PET fabric showed outstanding UV resistance with a high UPF value of 4318.27. The breaking force of AAD-treated PET was also improved. More importantly, the AAD coating could be easily removed from the fabric using dichloromethane and recycled using a rotary evaporator with a recovery rate of 98.6%. The recycled AAD could also recoated on the PET fabric to impart similar properties. This work proposed a novel strategy to prepare durable flame retardant and UV-resistant PET fabrics with recyclability.

Revolutionizing PET fabric performance with advanced metal deposition techniques

This study introduces an innovative approach to enhance both the air stability and conductivity of PET fabric using a novel dual-metal electroless deposition (ELD) technique. The fabric, woven with a combination of open weave (loose) and close weave (compact) designs, underwent coating with the metals nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu). Unlike conventional single-metal deposition methods, which often struggle to achieve optimal stability and conductivity simultaneously, this research pioneers the application of dual deposition to address these challenges effectively. The methodology entailed a series of carefully orchestrated steps including pretreatment, plasma treatment, silanization, polymerization, and ELD. The success of each stage was meticulously validated through water contact angle measurements, ensuring the efficacy of this work. Surface analysis techniques confirmed the uniform deposition of metals, as evidenced by surface morphology and elemental mapping. Additionally, detailed insights into the chemical composition and crystallinity of the coated fabrics were provided through XPS and XRD analyses. The results revealed a significant improvement in air stability and conductivity compared to traditional single-metal deposition methods. While fabrics coated solely with Cu exhibited high initial conductivity, they suffer from poor air stability. Conversely, Ni deposition demonstrated notable enhancements in air stability, with outcomes further influenced by the weave design of the fabric. Notably, in this work, the pioneering dual Ni-Cu deposition strategy not only addresses the air stability concerns associated with copper-coated fabrics but also maintains superior conductivity levels.

Seidlitzia rosmarinus as a multipurpose environmentally friendly alkali in simultaneous dyeing and nanofinishing of polyester fabric: ZnO-NPs synthesis, carrier-free dyeing, and reduction clearing

A multipurpose product could be produced by synthesizing metal oxides and dyeing the fabric. However, to achieve better, cleaner results while consuming less energy, it is ideal to shorten the time and reduce costs by simultaneously creating nanoparticles and dyeing. This work facilitates carrier-free dyeing of polyester fabric and the synthesis of ZnO-NPs using Kelyab as a green alkali. The remarkable results demonstrated reduced bending length, i.e., a softer handle, higher air permeability, and tensile strength, longer resistance in alkaline conditions, and comparable color strength and fastness. Moreover, the after-treatment, the last treatment step on the finished or dyed fabric, pertains to the reduction clearing. It is essential for dyed PET fabric, given its significance in colorimetric characteristics and other fastness attributes, particularly washing. Thus, it is necessary to develop innovative techniques to achieve these objectives without using harmful chemicals. Kelyab, as an environmentally safe reducing agent, produced comparable results to those of the conventional method, especially in color strength. In addition, air plasma was applied as a surface activation and green pre-treatment, resulting in the highest color and tensile strength. The prepared samples were examined using FT-IR, XRD, and FESEM, among other tests. Using fewer chemicals (50% lower) in the reduction clearing, saving time and energy for preparing reduction solution, and lowering the requirement for waste-water treatment in the simultaneous nanosynthesis and dyeing are the novelties of the introduced processing that can replace conventional method in dyeing, post-dyeing, and nanofinishing treatments.

Stearic acid modified Fe3O4/Y2O3 composite membranes for efficient oil-water separation

Traditional oil-water separation methods have low separation efficiency and are prone to environmental pollution. The development of low-cost and environmentally friendly novel oil-water separation membranes is of wide interest nowadays. In this work, stearic acid modified Fe3O4/Y2O3 (Fe3O4/Y2O3/SA) composite membranes are prepared on PET and cotton fabric using spraying and impregnation methods. Both Y2O3 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles are compounded on the surface of the substrate and modified using stearic acid impregnation. The results show that Fe3O4/Y2O3/SA composite membrane has a water contact angle of 152.5° and exhibits super hydrophobicity/lipophilicity. At the same time, the composite membrane has excellent oil-water separation performance, including high separation efficiency (99.92 %) for a variety of oil-water mixtures, and good stability in 15 cycles of separation tests. The mechanism of oil-water separation is discussed.

Bio-Innovative Modification of Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Fabric Using Enzymes and Chitosan.

This article investigates the activation of surface groups of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers in woven fabric by hydrolysis and their functionalization with chitosan. Two types of hydrolysis were performed-alkaline and enzymatic. The alkaline hydrolysis was performed in a more sustainable process at reduced temperature and time (80 °C, 10 min) with the addition of the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride as an accelerator. The enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using Amano Lipase A from Aspergillus niger (2 g/L enzyme, 60 °C, 60 min, pH 9). The surface of the PET fabric was functionalized with the homogenized gel of biopolymer chitosan using a pad-dry-cure process. The durability of functionalization was tested after the first and tenth washing cycle of a modified industrial washing process according to ISO 15797:2017, in which the temperature was lowered from 75 °C to 50 °C, and ε-(phthalimido) peroxyhexanoic acid (PAP) was used as an environmentally friendly agent for chemical bleaching and disinfection. The influence of the above treatments was analyzed by weight loss, tensile properties, horizontal wicking, the FTIR-ATR technique, zeta potential measurement and SEM micrographs. The results indicate better hydrophilicity and effectiveness of both types of hydrolysis, but enzymatic hydrolysis is more environmentally friendly and favorable. In addition, alkaline hydrolysis led to a 20% reduction in tensile properties, while the action of the enzyme resulted in a change of only 2%. The presence of chitosan on polyester fibers after repeated washing was confirmed on both fabrics by zeta potential and SEM micrographs. However, functionalization with chitosan on the enzymatically bioactivated surface showed better durability after 10 washing cycles than the alkaline-hydrolyzed one. The antibacterial activity of such a bio-innovative modified PET fabric is kept after the first and tenth washing cycles. In addition, applied processes can be easily introduced to any textile factory.

Long-lasting antistatic hydrophilic polyethylene terephthalate fabric using greener reagents

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most common synthetic polymer used in the textile sector by virtue of its unique superior performance attributes. However, the comfort characteristics of PET fabrics, such as their inadequate sweat-absorbing capability, low affinity for most dyestuff classes, and susceptibility to the accumulation of electrostatic charge, make them unfavorable compared to natural fibers. Rendering PET fabrics with hydrophilic and antistatic properties is difficult due to the lack of reactive functional groups. Herein, a long-lasting eco-friendly strategy to impart some desirable properties to PET fabrics was developed. The PET fabric was saponified in an aqueous caustic soda solution, followed by treatment with an amino acid, namely lysine, aspartic acid, serine, tyrosine, or cysteine, as a coupling agent, and eventually, the fabric was finished with the protein biopolymer gelatin using the pad-dry-cure method. The effects of treatment of PET fabric with the aforementioned reagents on its surface hydrophilicity, roughness, antistatic, thermal stability, ultraviolet protection, air permeability, yellowness, bending stiffness, and tensile properties were monitored. The discrepancy between the chemical structures of the untreated and finished fabrics was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as by determining the carboxylic and nitrogen contents. The morphological and crystal structures of the treated fabrics were examined using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction pattern, respectively. The results indicate that a maximum add-on was obtained upon treatment of the saponified PET fabrics with 0.5 M lysine followed by 7.5% (on the weight of the fiber) gelatin using the pad-dry-cure method.The finished PET fabrics exhibited improved hydrophilic and antistatic properties with adequate protection against UV rays.Ingeneral, treatment of PET fabrics with gelatin, using a bi-functional amino acid as a coupling agent, is an effective and durable method to improve some performance and comfort features of PET fabric without having a remarkable negative effect on the fabric’s mechanical properties.

Electroplating nickel patterns onto polyol-mediated reduced graphene oxide printed textile surfaces

This report explores advancements in multi-step printing/electroplating technique for creating conductive patterns on flexible substrates, which serve as potential structures in wearable electronic devices. The study introduces a novel procedure that employs a sequential process involving polyol screen printing and electroplating, enabling the development of conductive nickel-coated patterns with a conductivity value of about 1123 S/cm on textiles. A significant innovation in this study is the use of a graphene oxide/ethylene glycol (GO/EG) ink, which can be converted into reduced graphene oxide (rGO) through in-situ polyol treatment on the surface of PET fabrics. The effectiveness of this treatment is evidenced by various analytical and microscopic techniques, which confirm the successful printing of conductive rGO patterns onto PET fabric at 220 ˚C. The printed rGO patterns on the fabric surface are then subjected to electroplating as a target substrate and cathode for varying durations, ranging from 5 to 30 minutes. The study thoroughly examines the influence of electroplating time on the microstructures and electrical conductivity of the resulting patterns, with nickel deposition reaching up to 50.8 mg/cm².

Green whitening of polyester fabric using fluorescent brightener OB-1 in a mixture of water and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane media

Fluorescent brightening agent OB-1 (OB-1) is often used in plastic goods because of its non-toxic nature, chemical stability, remarkable heat resistance, and light stability. Raw OB-1 is challenging to use in textiles using the exhaustion method. This study used a novel method using raw OB-1 powder to whiten polyester fabric in water and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5). The Taguchi approach investigated the interaction between whitening process parameters such as temperature, OB-1 mass, water: D5 ratio, and treatment time with four levels. The study shows that the temperature and water: D5 ratio during the whitening process significantly affect the whiteness of polyester fabric (P < 0.05), with contribution percentages of 74.2 % and 25.2 %. Subsequently, various analytical techniques were employed, including FTIR, SEM, TGA, and XRD, to characterise the whitened fabric. The findings imply that using water: D5 medium was effective in whitening polyester fabric without causing major alterations to the structure of the PET fabric. The study also examined the fastness of washing and crocking to determine their whitening stability. Overall, polyester fabric whitened with water and D5 medium exhibited satisfactory whitening performance and might be a potential scope for use on a larger scale in developing the sustainable textile industry.

Eco-Friendly Dyeing and Functional Finishing of PET Fabric at Mild Conditions

Eco-Friendly Dyeing and Functional Finishing of PET Fabric at Mild Conditions

Depolymerization mechanisms and closed-loop assessment in polyester waste recycling

Alcoholysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste to produce monomers, including methanolysis to yield dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and glycolysis to generate bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET), is a promising strategy in PET waste management. Here, we introduce an efficient PET-alcoholysis approach utilizing an oxygen-vacancy (Vo)-rich catalyst under air, achieving space time yield (STY) of 505.2 gDMT·gcat−1·h−1 and 957.1 gBHET·gcat−1·h−1, these results represent 51-fold and 28-fold performance enhancements compared to reactions conducted under N2. In situ spectroscopy, in combination with density functional theory calculations, elucidates the reaction pathways of PET depolymerization. The process involves O2-assisted activation of CH3OH to form CH3OH* and OOH* species at Vo-Zn2+–O–Fe3+ sites, highlighting the critical role of Vo-Zn2+–O–Fe3+ sites in ester bond activation and C–O bond cleavage. Moreover, a life cycle assessment demonstrates the viability of our approach in closed-loop recycling, achieving 56.0% energy savings and 44.5% reduction in greenhouse-gas emissions. Notably, utilizing PET textile scrap further leads to 58.4% reduction in initial total operating costs. This research offers a sustainable solution to the challenge of PET waste accumulation.

Toward a Sustainable Approach for Durably Hydrophilic and UV Protective PET Fabric through Surface Activation and Immobilization Integrating Epigallocatechin Gallate and Citric Acid.

Enhancing the hydrophilicity and UV protective property of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabric are two significant ways to upgrade its quality and enlarge the applicable area. Biobased finishes are greatly welcomed for the fabrication of sustainable textiles; however, their application on PET fabric is still challenging compared with the case of natural fabric. This study presents a strategy that immobilizes epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) onto PET fabric using citric acid (CA) for durably hydrophilic and UV-proof properties with negligible color change. A controllable surface-activating method integrating alkaline and deep eutectic solvent (DES) is customized for the PET fabric to promote the reactions among PET, CA, and EGCG. The hydrophilic, antistatic, and UV protective properties of functionalized PET fabric were explored. Results show that the hydrophilicity of the PET fabric after direct EGCG treatment increases but drops sharply after first-round washing due to weak interactions. The combined alkaline/DES pretreatment increases the number of hydrophilic groups and the roughness of PET fibers. After EGCG modification, the moisture regain (MR) of PET fabric increases from 0.41 to 0.64%. The contact angle and electrostatic charge half-life (T1/2) decreases from >120 to 23°, and from >60 to 0.13 s, respectively. The MR and T1/2 are well retained after a 10-cycle washing. In addition, the UV protective factor of the PET fabric increases from 18 to 36. A very slight yellowing phenomenon occurs on the PET fabric after the treatment. In all, this research attempts to integrate a biobased finishing agent and an eco-friendly cross-linker on synthetic fiber for durable functions, which is transferrable to the sustainable fabrication of other polymeric materials such as fibers or films.

Dual-drive energy conversion plasmonic Ag@MXene thermal management textiles inspired by bearing structure

Multifunctional wearable textiles can simulate human perception and convert it into visual data, which has advanced application prospects. As an important branch, thermal management wearable textiles have been widely concerned in the aspects of thermal insulation, flame retardant, photothermal anti-icing, electrothermal deicing and even water evaporation. Here, inspired by the bearing structure, we simply soaked the PET textile in Ag@MXene hybrid solution several times to form a Ag@MXene conductive network with Ag NPs as the connection point on the textile fiber, and finally carry out hydrophobic modification. Based on plasma effect, the synergistic action of Ag NPs and MXene enhances the photothermal response of the material. In addition, the addition of Ag NPs effectively reduces the stacking between MXene layers and forms a Ag@MXene conductive network with Ag NPs as the connection point on the textile fibers. The stable temperature range of PDMS/Ag@MXene PET textile is 70–80 °C under one solar illumination intensity, and the stable temperature of PDMS/Ag@MXene PET textile can reach 117 °C at a constant voltage of 3 V. Based on the excellent thermal effect, this textile achieves photothermal anti-icing, electric thermal de-icing, keeping warm and removing sweat. The textile has a water evaporation efficiency of about 0.58 g h−1, which can achieve excellent anti-sweat function. Finally, the textile also achieved rapid flame retardant within 7 s. PDMS/Ag@MXene PET textile processes excellent photothermal and electrothermal conversion ability, acid/water stability and flame retardant ability, and has promising application prospects in thermal management textiles such as deicing and anti-icing, fire prevention, warmth and water evaporation.

A fluorescent functionalized PET fabric with dual-response to aqueous copper and pH

A fluorescent functional PET fabric for effective aqueous copper detection was developed. Eu(TTA)3·2H2O complex was prepared by the solvothermal method and subsequently PET fluorescent nonwoven fabrics were prepared by coordinating the complexes with PET nonwoven fabrics grafted with acrylic acid.The chemical structure and microscopic morphology of the fluorescent nonwovens were analyzed, and the effects of different experimental conditions (grafting rate, reaction time, and fluorescent complex concentration) on the fluorescence properties of the materials were investigated. Under optimal experimental conditions, the fluorescent nonwoven fabric exhibited a fluorescence intensity of 2.1 × 105 a.u. and a quantum yield of 6.35%. Additionally, the fluorescence intensity of the fluorescent nonwoven fabric decreased with the increase of aqueous copper concentration, and the quenching effect could be described by the Stern-Volmer equation. Furthermore, adjusting the pH of the aqueous copper at a fixed concentration revealed a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and pH. These observations demonstrate a dual response of the fluorescent nonwoven fabric to both aqueous copper and pH, enabling its potential application in the detection of both analytes.

Synthesis of New D-π-A Phenothiazine-Based Fluorescent Dyes: Aggregation Induced Emission and Antibacterial Activity.

Highly solid-state fluorescent dyes based on phenothiazine bearing sulfa-drug derivatives were successfully prepared and fully characterized by NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analysis. The prepared phenothiazine dyes bearing sulfadiazine and sulfathiazole 4-(((10-hexyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl)methylene)amino)-N-(pyrimidin-2yl) benzenesulfonamide (PTZ-1) and 4-(((10-hexyl-10H-phenothiazin-3-yl) methylene) amino)-N-(thiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (PTZ-2), showed strong emission in polycrystalline form, and significant emission in solution was observed. The quantum yield of the prepared dyes varied and decreased by increasing the solvent polarity, with the maximum recorded value being 0.63 and 0.6 in dioxane. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and the effect of the solvent polarity on absorption and emission spectra were investigated. The dyeing application of polyester fabrics using the prepared phenothiazine-based dyes was studied, showing very good affinity to dyed fabrics. The antibacterial affinity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria for the dye powder as well as the dyed PET fabric was investigated, with PTZ-2 showing better affinity against bacteria compared to PTZ-1. This multifunctional property highlights the potential uses of PTZ-1 and PTZ-2 for advanced applications in biomedicine and optoelectronics.

Insights into the hexamine-assisted ZnO based-MOFs formation on PET fabric for improved self-cleaning, flame retardant, and hydrophilic properties

Organo-metallic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted much attention in the last decade due to their large pore size, large surface area, selective adsorption of small molecules, and optical or magnetic responses in the presence of guest molecules. Particularly, the use of MOFs on textile products through in situ synthesis leads to special properties in a simple method. Here, the polyester fabric was first activated by alkali hydrolysis and then the ZnO-based MOFs were synthesized to obtain a fabric with multifunctional features. FESEM images and EDX elemental analysis showed the presence of MOF particles and zinc, nitrogen, and hydrogen on the polyester surface. The weight of the treated samples increased however the water spreading time decreased due to the polar groups of the MOFs creating higher hydrophilic properties. The presence of hydroxyl and amine groups on the surface of the MOFs-treated polyester was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The final fabric showed photocatalytic self-cleaning, and UV protection properties. In addition, TGA, ash percentage, and burnt length results demonstrated the flame-retardant properties. The tensile strength, thickness, and stiffness of the MOFs-treated fabrics also increased. Finally, the hexamine-assisted ZnO-based MOFs on the polyester surface improve its properties and usability.

Two birds with one stone: A “needle-like” structure constructed on multifunctional PET fabric surface for flame retardancy and electromagnetic interference shielding

Here, a facile method is reported to prepare multifunctional PET fabrics with high flame retardancy, hydrophobicity and ideal electromagnetic shielding. PET fabric was firstly modified via polydopamine with mussel-like structure, and then DOPO@ZnO was constructed. A new type of composite PET fabric was prepared by simple, low-cost electroless Ni process and surface PDMS treatment (PpDPNP). The resulting composite fabric was extensively investigated for its stability and applicability in a complicated environment. The conductive interconnection network of modified fabric made it have excellent electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Even after solution corrosion and washing, the prepared composite fabric could maintain a relatively stable electrical conductivity. The conductivity, tensile and elongation at break of composite fabric were 144.62 S/cm, 78.48 MPa and 167.49 %, respectively. The average electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of PpDPNP reached 58.83 dB with 0.18 mm thickness and electroless Ni only 20 min at X-band, which was mainly due to large dielectric loss and multiple reflections. The modified PET fabric had self-extinguishing performance, and peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release rate (THR) were 60.7 % and 59.8 % lower than pure PET fabric, respectively, indicating that the composite fabric had excellent flame retardancy.

Construction of thermally resistant and flame-retardant multifunctional polyester composite fabrics

The development of thermally resistant textiles with fire safety using thermo-expandable hollow microsphere (TEHM) has garnered significant interest. In this study, TEHM and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) were bonded to polyester fabric surface by using polyurethane coating. The surface morphology, thermally resistant, flame-retardant performance and mechanism of the developed PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric were investigated. The PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric exhibited the reduced thermal conductivity of 0.07458 W/m·K from 0.13120 W/m·K of pristine PET fabric. The thermal conduction and radiation performance of the PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric decreased owing to the low thermal conductivity of the expanded TEHM. The PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric presented a damaged length of 13.5 cm without melt dripping, achieving the B1 classification. The peak heat release of the PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric decreased by 58.3 % versus pristine PET fabric according to cone calorimetry test. PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric also had an FRI of 1.001, showing ‘Good’ flame retardancy performance. TG-IR and char residue analyses suggested that the flame retardancy of PET@TEHM/APP composite fabric improved by the synergic flame-retardant action in both gas and condensed phases.

Comparing the financial costs and carbon neutrality of polyester fibres produced from 100% bio-based PET, 100% recycled PET, or in combination

AbstractThe rise of fast fashion has led to challenges in sustainable production and recycling of polyester textile waste. Bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (bio-PET) and the enzymatic hydrolysis of PET textiles may offer two solutions for bio and circular clothing. This study designed and simulated scaled enzymatic hydrolysis of fossil PET into ethylene glycol (r-EG) and purified terephthalic acid (r-PTA), the production of bio-EG and bio-PTA from the wheat straw ethanol (EtOH) and corn stover isobutene (IBN), respectively, and the production of PET polyester textile fibres from these monomers. The research goal was to determine whether bio-PET, r-PET, or their mixture achieves better positive profitability and NPV2023 and carbon neutrality in textile fibres. The financial returns and carbon emissions for r-PET fibres with a bio-PET content of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% to 100% was estimated for scenario 1 (a newly constructed plant), scenario 2 (no capital costs for the EtOH or IBN processes), and scenario 3 (no capital costs for the EtOH, IBN, and enzymatic hydrolysis processes). While scenario 1 was not able to generate positive net profits or NPV2023, scenarios 2 and 3 were able to attain financial sustainability when the bio-PET content was ≤ 40%. On the other hand, increasing the amount of bio-PET content in the polyester fibre from 0 to 100 wt.% decreased its carbon footprint from 2.99 to 0.46 kg CO2eq./kg of PET fibre.

Synthesis of novel azo pyrazole disperse dyes for dyeing and antibacterial finishing of PET fabric under supercritical carbon dioxide

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) has been suggested as a good substitution to environmentally harmful water-based tincturing. The present study describes the successful synthesis of some biologically active dispersion tinctures for supercritical carbon dioxide tincturing of polyester fabric. The coupling of 1-cyanoacetylpiperidine (1) with the diazonium salt of aryl amine derivatives (2a–d) produced 1-((aryldiazenyl) cyanoacetyl piperidines (3a–d). To create the derivatives of 4-(phenyldiazenyl)-5-(piperidin-1-yl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine (5a), the propane nitriles (3a–d) were condensed with hydrazine hydrate. However, the unexpected 3-aminopyrazol-5-ol yellow–red dispersion dyes (4a–d) were identified as the reaction results. The MS, IR, and NMR spectra were used to describe the novel dyes, and the results exactly matched the suggested structures. The antibacterial test, which was conducted using the AATCC method, revealed that some of the compounds (3a–d) and (4a–d) had impressive antibacterial capabilities against the researched +ve and gram −ve bacteria. For eight dyestuffs, the dyeability, color strength, and color fastness of the tincturing process were evaluated. The evaluation focused on determining color uptake using a gauge for color strength (K/S). All dyes displayed excellent rubbing, washing, and light fastness (color change and staining grade of 4–5).