Pessimistic Opinions Research Articles

Analyzing Twitter Social Media User Responses To Fs Cases Using Sentiment Analysis And Text Mining

There are several factors behind the research on analyzing the response of social media users, especially on Twitter, to the Ferdy Sambo case. Some of these factors include the increasing use of social media and the widespread adoption of platforms like Twitter in Indonesia to comment on or express opinions about various matters or cases, particularly the Ferdy Sambo case which is the focus of this research. The purpose of this study is to determine how Twitter users respond to the Ferdy Sambo case and to assess the sentiment analysis results from Twitter users based on three categories: positive, negative, and neutral sentiments. Through the utilization of sentiment analysis and text mining, this research aims to uncover commonly used words in comments and responses from Twitter users regarding this case. These frequently used words will then be visualized using word clouds to display both their prevalence and frequency. Based on the analysis conducted, the findings reveal that out of the 15,002 data points, the words or opinions expressed by Twitter users are predominantly negative. These outcomes are further substantiated by accuracy, precision, and recall rates calculated at 97%, 95%, and 90%, respectively. The implications of this study are anticipated to offer insights into the responses of social media users towards a particular case, wherein negative situations generally elicit pessimistic opinions and vice versa. Moreover, it is envisaged that this research could serve as a foundation for future studies on similar subjects or employing similar methodologies.

The Trend of China-US Strategic Competition and Chinese Domestic Public Opinion about Sino-US Relations from Trump to Biden

Over the past five years, Sino-US relations have taken on an increasingly complex dynamic. This paper will establish an analytical framework based on two key variables affecting China-US strategic competition: interests and comprehensive national power, and then utilizes this framework to analyze the trend of confrontation and cooperation between China and the US from the Trump administration to Biden. In the second part, this paper contains data from a two-wave public opinion poll in China done before and after the 2020 US presidential election and illustrates how public opinion affects foreign policy decisions in authoritarian nations. The conclusions are: the space of China-US competition and cooperation is growing with their increasing conflict interests and common interests due to the increasing strength of China; After Biden became president, Chinese opinions of the USA and the bilateral relationship improved somewhat; The majority of Chinese respondents thought China was the largest and most powerful economy in the world and supported China being the worlds leading power; younger and more educated respondents had more pessimistic opinions. There are significant policy ramifications of these results.

Political-obsessed environment and investor sentiments: pricing liquidity through the microblogging behavioral perspective

<abstract> <p>Pakistan's political instability has pushed its economic system to the brink of collapse. Considering this political turmoil, this study addresses the behavior of liquidity providers against microblogging-opinionated information. The behavioral perspective was quantified through multiple linear regressions, the Bayesian theorem, and the vector error correction technique. Before this political crisis, sentiment indicators were linked to the liquidity-conditional cost for the same trading session. In the political uncertainty environment, pessimistic opinions were the sole concern of the liquidity providers during the same trading session. The liquidity facilitator was observed to price the liquidity in light of pessimistic sentiments. The Bayesian theorem suggested a higher posterior probability for the occurrence of the liquidity-facilitating cost in response to the pessimistic sentiments. Nevertheless, the past time series changes for the sentiment indicators were irrelevant in determining changes in cost-based liquidity for the next trading session.</p> </abstract>

FOCUSING ON COMPETENCE AS A STRATEGY TO TEACH ESP IN CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING CONTEXTS

The increasing spread of bilingual programs in Spanish Universities has had to face multiple worries and uncertainties over the success of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and English-medium instruction (EMI) plans (Pavón, 2018). One of these concerns addresses the question of whether content or language should prevail in CLIL teaching. Content teachers worry about giving more importance to language than to the content they need to teach, fearing they will not be able to cope with all the compulsory content during their lectures (Doiz, Lasagabaster Pavón, 2020). CLIL developers have had to fight against the pessimistic opinions towards CLIL and its implementation in Higher Education (Cañado, 2020). The present paper aims to meet the need to move towards competence development in CLIL teaching. Approaching language and content teaching through a competence-focused perspective will help us tackle interdisciplinary as well as sustainable development goals through CLIL. A survey conducted on students of Business English courses within CLIL and Non-CLIL contexts will help us envisage the usefulness of adding non-linguistic skill development to English for Specific Purposes of teaching as a way to bridge the gap between language and content.

Running out of energy: The Price effect of energy deficiency

Energy deficiency is an important risk factor in the development of the world economy. This study examines whether and how the capital market price affects energy deficiency risk. Energy deficiency, which has become a major problem in China, represents a long-term risk as perceived by investors. We examine whether and how investors perceive and discount long-term risk in pricing energy-related firms, including firms in the energy industry, firms in industries that are highly dependent on energy, and firms headquartered located in regions rich in coal. Using multivariate regression with fixed effect, our study finds that energy-related firms will be priced lower for future energy risks than non-energy dependent firms. Compared with non-energy-related firms, analysts issue more pessimistic opinions in reports for energy-related firms, especially over long horizons. These findings imply that investors perceive the long-term risks of energy deficiency and therefore give discounts when pricing energy-related firms. This study contributes to the literature on the pricing of firms' long-term risk and provides insights into energy policy.

Mechanism of improvement of logistics system in agro-industrial complex of Belarus in the conditions of regional trade and economic integration

In conditions of establishing market relations and development of integration processes, efficient functioning of agrarian complex of the Republic of Belarus requires searching for new mechanisms and methods to improve competitiveness. As experience of economically developed countries of the world shows, states and producers actively use diverse logistic solutions, models, strategies and methods for planning and arranging activities. Organization of resource support for agricultural producers and promotion of their products in market according to logistics principles results in a significant economic, social and environmental effect. The paper, in the context of the modern period, presents social and economic indicators of the transport and logistics sector, system of state regulation, structural characteristics of logistics centers, agricultural foreign trade and logistics infrastructure. The main factors were identified hindering development of agrologistics in Belarus. Organizational and economic mechanism has been developed for improving logistical activities at the interstate (EAEU) and national levels have been developed. In case of proposal to create a single agrologistics market of Eurasian Economic Union at the interstate level, it is planned to increase efficiency of the national agrologistics market on the national level based on expansion of logistics infrastructure. Via integration of several prediction methods (expert assessments (pessimistic, optimistic and probabilistic opinions), economic and mathematical (extrapolation, time series analysis), non-standard (verbal information)), a reasonable forecast of development of logistics centers of the Republic of Belarus until 2025 was made. The issues in the paper are of interest for preparation of draft state programs and strategies in the field of agrologistics and development of exchange activities, development of country position in implementation of the agreed agro-industrial policy of the EAEU Member States.Acknowledgments. The study was performed within the framework of the following research programs and assignments: State program of scientific research “Quality and efficiency of agro-industrial production” for 2016–2020, subprogram 1 “Economics of agro-industrial complex”, task 1.3 “Study of theoretical and methodological basis for efficient functioning of the national food system, improvement of foreign economic activity of agro-industrial complex, methods and mechanisms of management for agricultural products quality in the context of deepening regional and international integration ” for 2016–2018; State Research and Technical Program “Agropromkompleks-2020” for 2016–2020, subprogram “Agropromkompleks – efficiency and quality”, task 1.1 “Develop a system of scientifically substantiated recommendations ensuring sustainable and efficient functioning of the national food market, foreign trade policy of the agro-industrial complex of Belarus, forming of mechanism of state regulation of agricultural products quality in the context of development of the world trade and economic space” for 2016–2018.

Evaluation software for effects produced by MOOC in mediums with different linguistically levels

Abstract MOOC appearance has produced, in a first phase, more discussions than contributions. Despite pessimistic opinions or those catastrophic foreseeing the end of the classic education by accepting MOOC, the authors consider that, as it is happening in all situations when a field is reformed, instead of criticism or catastrophic predictions, an assessment should be simply made. MOOC will not be better or worse if it is discussed and dissected but can be tested in action, perfected by results, or abandoned if it has no prospects. Without testing, no decision is valid. A similarity between the MOOC appearance and the appearance of the idea of flying machines heavier than air can be made. In the flight case, the first reaction was a strong negation (including at Academies level) and only performing the first independent flight with an apparatus heavier than air has shifted orientation from denial to contributions. So, practical tests clarified the battle between ideas. The authors of this article encourage the idea of testing–assessment and, therefore, imagined and proposed one software for quickly assess whether MOOC produces changes in knowledge, by simply transferring courses from ‘face-to-face’ environment into the virtual one. Among the methods of statistical analysis for student behavioral changes was chosen the Keppel method. It underpins the assessment method of this work being approached using both the version with one variable and also with three variables. It is intended that this attempts to pave the way for other series of rapid assessment regarding MOOC effects (using other statistical methods). We believe, that this is the only approach that can lead either to improve the system or to renunciation.

Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: From Observational Evidence to Randomized Controlled Trials.

Fetoscopic surgery is widely accepted as the preferred first-line treatment for twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Nonetheless, the broad diffusion of this technique relies on a single multicentric-randomized trial. We hereby question this trial in a post-hoc Bayesian analysis, submitting its results to several scenarios comprising the alternative published non-randomized literature and pessimistic opinions regarding this surgery. Furthermore, we also discuss further refinements in indications, questioning potential alternatives in early stages of the disease.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Local Management of Coral Reefs Using Expert Opinion and Spatial Bayesian Modeling.

Multiple stressors are an increasing concern in the management and conservation of ecosystems, and have been identified as a key gap in research. Coral reefs are one example of an ecosystem where management of local stressors may be a way of mitigating or delaying the effects of climate change. Predicting how multiple stressors interact, particularly in a spatially explicit fashion, is a difficult challenge. Here we use a combination of an expert-elicited Bayesian network (BN) and spatial environmental data to examine how hypothetical scenarios of climate change and local management would result in different outcomes for coral reefs on the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. Parameterizing our BN using the mean responses from our experts resulted in predictions of limited efficacy of local management in combating the effects of climate change. However, there was considerable variability in expert responses and uncertainty was high. Many reefs within the central GBR appear to be at risk of further decline based on the pessimistic opinions of our expert pool. Further parameterization of the model as more data and knowledge become available could improve predictive power. Our approach serves as a starting point for subsequent work that can fine-tune parameters and explore uncertainties in predictions of responses to management.

Should Investors Trust Equity Analysts?

This paper studies the holistic issue of the combination of analyst projection accuracy, diversity, and distribution. It first tracks the earnings per share and sales projections of a number of equity analysts for 17 representative U.S. companies using data from 1978 to 2012. It also compares the analysts' consensus of earnings per share, sales, rating, and price target zone to identify the degree of concentration among the opinions. It finds that the magnitudes and coefficient variations of projection errors are small, and the analysts' opinions are insignificantly diversified. Analysts' projections are not significantly skewed, but pessimistic opinions dominate. The results suggest that the projections issued by equity analysts are generally precise, and following their opinions is technically feasible. Analysts' mistakes are more due to inappropriate investment timing and less due to their abilities to pick firms with robust future performance.

Panic Indicator for Measurements of Pessimistic Sentiments from Business News

Computational semantic analysis was applied for measurements of pessimistic sentiments from business news. Using semantic tree method, the number of pessimistic and optimistic news was estimated for the analysis of the bearish and bullish stock markets. It was found that the number of pessimistic and optimistic macroeconomic news is very sensitive to the sharp changes of the market indices at the extreme market conditions. A new sentiment indicator was constructed for quantitative measurements of the pessimistic investor sentiments. The proposed sentiment indicator is called a Panic Indicator. We found that the Panic Indicator is appropriate for the explanation of the relationship between the negative public information and stock index declines (S&P-TSX), as well as the sharp changes of VIX index. The proposed Panic Indicator would be useful for stock price modeling, the quantified description of the pessimistic opinions, and computational trading algorithms.

ASEAN’S HUMAN RIGHTS BODY: NEW BREAKTHROUGH FOR HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION IN SOUTH EAST ASIAN REGION SOME PRELIMINARY NOTES FROM INDONESIA’S PERSPECTIVE

On 21 November 2007, leaders of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) promulgated the ASEAN Charter (the Charter). Not only does it provide legal basis for ASEAN’s legal personality; it also provides new legal norms for its member states. One of those that need to be discussed is the establishment of ASEAN’s Human Rights Body (the Body). This obligation is stipulated in Article 14 of the Charter, which stresses the commitment of member nations to protect human rights. However, the establishment of the Body has faced numerous pessimistic opinions regarding the organisation’s capability to protect human rights considering its notorious reputation over this matter. The article is fosucing on some areas of concerns that need to be looked at to put the Body into operation. Some important lessons from the European Human Rights Body is examined as comparison.

Opinions of the Turkish population on cancer and being informed for the diagnosis of cancer: An opinion survey

19680 Background: Opinions of the Turkish population on cancer, and their probable attitudes if one of their relative or themselves would have cancer diagnosis are investigated. Methods: The age, gender, profession, education levels of the subjects, their overall opinions on cancer are recorded by an opinion survey. Questions regarding if one of their first degree relatives had cancer, would they like the diagnosis being told to the patient and if they were to be the patient with cancer, would they prefer to be informed about the diagnosis are also asked. Results: 6566 subjects from various geographical regions of Turkey are participated in this survey. Participants’ median age were 33 years (range: 18–100), 53.3% were male. 57.7% of the participants would prefer to hide the cancer diagnosis from their first degree relatives. 54.8% of the participants had relatives with cancer and 69.9% of them said that the diagnosis had been told to the patient. The timing of the disclosure of the diagnosis were immediately in 71.5%, months after the diagnosis in 16.9% and in terminal stage in 9% of the patients. 62.8% of these patients are told to be died from cancer. When their overall opinion on cancer is asked, 76.5% were optimistic, 16.3% were pessimistic and did not believe the medicine, and 2.9% had both positive and negative opinions. Logistic regression analyses showed that 1) younger subjects; female subjects; subjects with lower education levels; subjects having a relative with cancer diagnosis which had not been revealed to the patient or revealed late in the course of the disease, or the patient had been died; subjects with pessimistic opinions about the treatment of the cancer were likely to hide the cancer diagnosis form their first degree relatives. 2) Elder subjects; subjects with lower education levels; subjects having a relative with cancer diagnosis which had been revealed to the patient; subjects having a relative with cancer diagnosis who died from cancer, subjects optimistic about cancer treatment; subjects preferring the diagnosis be hidden from patients were preferring not to be informed about the diagnosis if they were to have cancer. Conclusions: These results are comperable with reports form Eastern Europe and Asian countries. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Reliability of free-flap coverage in diabetic foot ulcers

As microsurgery advances, microsurgical free-tissue transfers have become the reconstructive method of choice over staged or primary amputation, and enabling independent ambulation in difficult lower-extremity wounds. In this report, we present our experiences with free-tissue transfer for the reconstruction of soft-tissue defects in 13 diabetic foot ulcers. Following radical debridement, soft-tissue reconstruction was achieved in the following ways: anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous flap in 5 patients, radial forearm fasciocutaneous flap in 3 patients, lateral arm fasciocutaneous flap in 1 patient, gracilis musculocutaneous flap in 1 patient, tensor fascia latae flap in 1 patient, deep inferior epigastric perforator flap in 1 patient, and a parascapular flap in the remaining patient. In 8 cases, diabetic wounds were in the foot, while wounds were at the level of the lower leg in the remaining patients. In all patients, vascular patency was confirmed by the Doppler technique. In suspicious cases, arteriography was then performed. While all flaps survived well in the postoperative period, one patient died from cardiopulmonary problems on postoperative day 16 in an intensive care unit. Amputation was necessary in the early postoperative period because of healing problems. In the remaining 10 cases, all flaps survived intact. In one case, arterial revision was performed successfully. The ultimate limb salvage rate was 83% for the 12 patients. Independent ambulation was achieved in these cases. During the follow-up period of 8 months to 2 years, no ulcer recurrence was noted, and no revascularization or vascular bypass surgery was needed before or after the free-tissue transfers. The authors conclude that free-tissue transfer for diabetic foot ulcers is a reliable procedure, despite pessimistic opinions regarding the flap survival and low limb salvage rates. It should be considered a useful reconstructive option for serious defects in well-selected cases.

Experiences with microsurgical tissue transfers in elderly patients

The combination of advances in microsurgery and the improvement of anesthetic management with increased understanding of the physiology of preoperative and postoperative care has significantly raised the upper age limit for free-flap transfer in elderly patients. Despite pessimistic opinions regarding elderly patients who have poor recovery potential and decreased physiological reserves, the unique feature of free-tissue transfer is that it allows the transfer of well-vascularized tissue to defects in a single-stage procedure, and leads to improved quality of life. In this report, a retrospective analysis of 55 patients aged 50 and older who underwent microsurgical tissue transfer is presented. Hospital and our own records were used to review various parameters. The preoperative medical status of each patient was assessed using the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Classification of Physical Status. Each patient's preoperative medical records, age, sex, transferred tissue type, and length of operation were outlined. Postoperative recorded parameters were the fate of flaps and the short-term postoperative outcome, including surgical complications, medical morbidity, and death within 30 days of surgery. Fifty-eight microvascular tissue transfers were performed in 55 consecutive patients. The study comprised 38 male and 17 female patients, with a mean age of 64.8 years. ASA classification status was class 1 for 15 patients, class 2 for 26 patients, and class 3 for 14 patients. Twenty-five flaps were used for lower extremity reconstruction, 32 flaps were used for head and neck reconstruction, and 1 was used for breast reconstruction. The average operative time was 5.7 h, ranging between 2-13 h. There were 14 major medical complications, resulting in an overall medical complication rate of 25%. There were 3 deaths within 30 days postoperatively. Thus, the overall surgical mortality rate was 5.4%. The longer operation times were associated with the development of postoperative total medical and surgical complications (P = 0.008). While the relationship between ASA class and medical complications was significant (P = 0.0007), no significant relation was determined between ASA class and surgical complications (P = 0.66). It was revealed that the greater the age group, the greater the occurrence of postoperative medical complications (P = 0.0001). The relationship between postoperative surgical complications and age groups was not significant (P = 0.07). It was also demonstrated that the advanced age of patients was associated with a higher ASA class (P = 0.0017). Eleven flaps required reoperation for vascular compromise. While 10 of these were salvaged with vascular anastomosis revisions, one flap was lost. Thus the overall flap success rate was 98.3%. In conclusion, if a patient's medical problems do not constitute a handicap, age itself should not be considered a barrier to free-flap transfer. It is important to be familiar with preoperative medical problems and possible postoperative medical complications in order to achieve a successful outcome. Contrary to what is generally suggested, surgical complications do not constitute a special consideration in older patients.

Causes and psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia: the opinions of Italian population

Description of opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences in a sample of general population. The study has been carried out in 29 GP units stratified by geographic area and population density of their catchment areas and randomly selected. Each respondent was asked to read a case-vignette describing a patient who met ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia, and then to fill the Questionnaire on the Opinions about Mental Illness--General Population's version (QO-GP). Data on 714 respondents were collected. 21% of the sample identified a case of schizophrenia, 66% of depression/anxiety disorder, and 13% of "nervous breakdown". Factors most frequently mentioned as causes of detected disorder were stress (72%), heredity (62%), family difficulties and psychological traumas (45%). More pessimistic opinions about psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia were found among respondents with lower educational level and older age. Respondents who referred the case-vignette to schizophrenia reported more pessimistic opinions about psychosocial consequences of detected disorder. The results of this study outline the need to plan educational campaigns on mental illnesses, which take into account the socio-cultural characteristics of the target populations.

Crime Fiction Pastiche in the Novels of Jean Echenoz

Echenoz's crime-fiction-related novels occupy an equivocal position with regard to their source material, being neither crime fiction themselves nor outright parodies of the genre. The article explores this relationship as one of pastiche, and in doing so considers the various, often negative critical views of pastiche as a literary form. Fredric Jameson's pessimistic opinions are of particular interest, and the article sets out to discover how his views are justified or refuted by Echenoz's work. Closely examining some of the novels' incorporations and distortions of the tropes of crime fiction, and looking especially at Echenoz's handling of the crime fiction denouement, the study seeks out the aspects of textual play and implicit critique inherent in the pastiche. The picture that emerges is of an intertextual relationship that is both celebratory and deconstructive, a necessarily complex attitude towards a genre which can be at the same time formulaic and intensely self-conscious.

Crime Fiction Pastiche in the Novels of Jean Echenoz

Echenoz's crime-fiction-related novels occupy an equivocal position with regard to their source material, being neither crime fiction themselves nor outright parodies of the genre. The article explores this relationship as one of pastiche, and in doing so considers the various, often negative critical views of pastiche as a literary form. Fredric Jameson's pessimistic opinions are of particular interest, and the article sets out to discover how his views are justified or refuted by Echenoz's work. Closely examining some of the novels' incorporations and distortions of the tropes of crime fiction, and looking especially at Echenoz's handling of the crime fiction denouement, the study seeks out the aspects of textual play and implicit critique inherent in the pastiche. The picture that emerges is of an intertextual relationship that is both celebratory and deconstructive, a necessarily complex attitude towards a genre which can be at the same time formulaic and intensely self-conscious.

Causes and psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia: opinions of mental health personnel

Description of the opinions about causes and psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia in a sample of psychiatric professionals, recruited in 29 Italian Mental Health Centres (MHC). Each professional was asked to read a case-vignette describing a patient who met the ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia. Referring to case-vignette, he/she was asked to fill the Questionnaire on the Opinions about Mental Illness--Professionals' version (QO-P). Professionals' opinions were explored in relation to: a) their socio-demographic variables and professional background; b) geographic location of the MHC. 29 MHC stratified by geographic area (Northern, Central, Southern Italy) and population density of their catchment areas (> 100,000 inhabitants; between 100,000 and 25,000 inhabitants; < 25,000 inhabitants) and randomly selected. Data on 465 professionals were collected. 75% of the sample identified in the vignette a case of schizophrenia, 22% of depression/anxiety disorder. Factors most frequently mentioned as causes of the detected disorder were heredity (68%), stress (61%), family difficulties (46%). More pessimistic opinions about psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia were found among nurses and among professionals of Southern Italy, among those with lower educational level, older age and among those working longer in psychiatry. No statistical difference in the opinions about psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia was found among staff who referred the case-vignette to schizophrenia and those who did not. The results of this study outline the need to: a) include issues such as disability and psychosocial consequences of mental disorders in the basic training of professionals; b) increase the number of professionals trained in evidence-based psychosocial interventions.

Causes and psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia: the opinions of patient's relatives

Description of the opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences in a sample of relatives of patients with schizophrenia, recruited in 30 Italian Mental Health Centres (MHC), stratified by geographic areas and population density. Cross-sectional study on key-relatives of clinically stable patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia. Evaluation of relatives' opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences, in relation to: a) patient's clinical and family's socio-demographic variables; b) geographic areas and population density. 30 Italian MHC randomised and stratified by geographic areas (Northern, Central, Southern Italy) and population density (> 100,000 inhabitants; between 100,000 and 25,000 inhabitants; < 25,000 inhabitants). Main outcome measures--Patient's clinical status and social functioning: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Disability Assessment interview (AD). Interventions provided to patient and his/her family: Scheda di Rilevazione degli Interventi--Pattern of Care Schedule (SRI). Relatives' opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences: Questionnaire on the Opinions of the Family (QOF). Data on 709 patients and their key-relatives were collected. Relatives' pessimistic opinions on social competence of patients with schizophrenia were found to be associated with: high levels of patient's disability, hostility and negative symptoms, relatives' knowledge of patient's diagnosis of schizophrenia, residence in a medium or low population density area, low levels of relative's education. Relatives' pessimistic opinions on social restrictions imposed by schizophrenia were found to be associated with high levels of disability and high number of hospital admissions in the patient and older age in the relative. The results of this study emphasise the need to: a) provide families with educational interventions covering not only clinical aspects of schizophrenia, but also those concerning disability and psychosocial consequences of the disorder; b) plan educational campaigns on mental illnesses which take into account the socio-cultural characteristics of the target populations.