Pesisir Cattle Research Articles

Polymorphism of Cyt-b Gene in Several Indonesian Cattle Using PCR-RFLP Method

The cytochrome b (Cyt-b) gene is one of the genes that is located in the mitochondrial DNA. Variations in the Cyt-b gene can be used to compare different animal species to investigate the origin of certain animal species. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of Indonesian local cattle breeds, including Bali cattle as an Indonesian native cattle breed and Banteng as the wild type of Bali cattle, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). A total of 336 individual DNA samples from Indonesian cattle breeds were analyzed in this study. The RFLP method using three restriction enzymes, i.e., HinfI, HaeIII, or XbaI, was used to identify the variation of the Cyt-b gene. The Cyt-b gene was polymorphic based on the PCR-RFLP method. There were six alleles of the Cyt-b gene found in this study, i.e., A and B allele (HinfI), C and D allele (HaeIII), X and Y allele (XbaI). All alleles can be found in Pasundan, Madura, and PO cattle. Pesisir cattle have the highest allele frequency D. The UPGMA results showed three clusters of Indonesian native cattle in this study. Cluster 1 consists of Pasundan, Banteng, and Bali cattle. Cluster 2 consists of Madura, PO, and SO cattle. Pesisir was separated from other cattle in cluster 3. The X allele could become an indicator to distinguish Banteng and Bali cattle.

Nutrient digestibility, characteristics of rumen fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis from Pesisir cattle diet containing non-fiber carbohydrate to rumen degradable protein ratio and sulfur supplement.

To achieve optimal feed efficiency in ruminants, especially Pesisir cattle, it is necessary to maintain a harmonious equilibrium between energy and protein levels within the rumen. Sulfur supplementation can potentially escalate the energy-protein balance in the rumen. The aim of this study was to explore the formulation of ruminant diets by synchronizing rumen degradable protein (RDP) and non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) while adding sulfur minerals at different levels. Nutrient digestibility, NH3 concentration, volatile fatty acids (VFA) production, microbial protein synthesis (MPS), and methane gas production were assessed. We employed a randomized block design with a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial arrangement and examined diverse incubation periods of 6, 24, and 48 h. Treatment consisted of RDP (60% and 65%), NFC (35% and 40%), and sulfur (0%, 0.15%, and 0.3%) levels. In this study, the Tilley and Terry in vitro technique, which used Pesisir cattle's rumen fluid, was employed to assess the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and RDP-Rumen undegradable protein. In addition, it measures various rumen fluid attributes, including pH, NH3, VFA, MPS, and methane gas production. Treatment with a coordinated combination of 65% RDP and 40% NFC combined with 0.15% sulfur supplement yielded significantly improved digestibility and notably reduced methane gas production (p < 0.05). The enhancement in digestibility and reduction in methane gas emissions can be attributed to the interaction of RDP, NFC, and sulfur. Feed digestibility was increased in the 65% RDP treatment with 40% NFC and 0.15% sulfur, along with a decrease in methane gas production.

The Effect of using HEPES in Culture Medium on Oocyte Maturation Rates and In vitro Fertilization in Pesisir Cattle

The Effect of using HEPES in Culture Medium on Oocyte Maturation Rates and In vitro Fertilization in Pesisir Cattle

Mineral composition and nutritive value of fresh and supplemented rice straws preserved in manual stacking, balling, and wrapping storage methods

Rice straws are underutilized as feed due to cattle’s preference for fresh straw. Rice straws have low nutritional value and are easily susceptible to microbial spoilage during traditional storage of loose stacking or manual open-air balling. Supplementing fresh rice straws with some minerals, energy, and protein could improve the nutritional value and storage stability under different preservation methods. The present study aimed to determine the effect of supplementing fresh rice straws with minerals, molasses, and urea, stored under three manual treatments: loose stacking, open-air balling, and airtight wrapping. Fresh rice straws were treated with 1% calcite-based mineral mixture, 0.6% molasses, and 0.05% urea and stored for 60 days. The supplemented rice straws were chopped and mixed with a basal diet composed of 55% elephant grass and 20% concentrate. Four experimental diets were then developed from the composite. That is the basal diet + fresh rice straw (FRS), basal diet+stacking supplemented rice straw (SSRS), basal diet+balling supplemented rice straw (BSSR), and basal diet+wrapping supplemented rice straw (WSRS). The experimental diets were fed to young Pesisir bulls using a 4x4 Latin Square design for eleven days. Fresh and supplemented rice straws were analyzed for dry matter, mineral content, blood hematology profile and protein content. The fresh rice straw had a relatively high potassium, iron, and manganese content but was low in calcium, sodium, phosphorus, copper, and selenium. Supplementation significantly increased the concentration of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, copper, and selenium in the preserved rice straw. Rice straw preserved in the wrapping way had the highest copper, cobalt, and selenium content. Feeding cattle with supplemented rice straw preserved in the wrapping method, decreased the blood monocyte value equivalent to that of the fresh straw. Supplementation of fresh rice straws with calcite-based minerals, molasses, and urea has the potential to increase some essential mineral content and maintained the nutritional value of rice straw preserved in an air-tied wrapping method. Key words: Calcites, Hematology, Mineral, Pesisir cattle, Rice straw, Storage, Supplementation

Fasciolosis Prevalence in Sacrificial Cattle of West Sumatra, Indonesia

Fasciola is a species of the trematode genus that can cause devastating parasitic disease, namely fasciolosis. Fasciola spp. infestation can affect ruminants, such as cows, buffaloes, goats, and sheep, resulting in economic losses to livestock owners. Ruminants are the definitive host for the Fasiola species. This cross-sectional research was conducted on Eid al-Adha/Qurban in July 2022 to determine the prevalence of fasciolosis in sacrificial cattle in Fifty Cities District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. A total of 106 samples of sacrificial cattle liver from the abattoir were investigated. Examination of the liver for the presence of Fasciola spp. was carried out by postmortem examination by removing the liver from the abdominal cavity immediately after slaughter. The livers of all sacrificial cattle were examined by systematic inspection, palpation, and incision for Fasciola spp. infestation. Necropsy results of samples indicated the prevalence of Fasciola spp. (36.79%), which was higher in female animals, compared to males. Based on age, the highest prevalence was at the age of &gt; 4 years, (52.95%), followed by 2 years (39.62%) and 3 years (25.00%). Regarding the cattle breed, the highest prevalences were indicated in Pesisir cattle (47.61%), Simmental cattle (44.44%), Bali cattle (37.28%), Ongole cattle (20%), and Limousine cattle (14.28%). This study revealed that fasciolosis in sacrificial animals in Fifty Cities, West Sumatra, was influenced by gender. Therefore, the findings of this study suggest improving treatment protocol for the prevention of fasciolosis in sacrificial animals.

Effect of Temperature-Humidity Index on Thermoregulation Responses of Pesisir Cattle in Different Altitudes

Effect of Temperature-Humidity Index on Thermoregulation Responses of Pesisir Cattle in Different Altitudes

Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Early Exon 10 of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) Gene in Pesisir Cattle

The purpose of this study was to identify genetic diversity in the early exon 10 of the FSHR gene or follicle stimulating hormone receptor in Pesisir cattle. The blood samples used were 70 blood samples from female Pesisir cattle aged 2-5 years which were obtained from BPTU-HPT Padang Mengatas, West Sumatera. The isolated DNA was then amplified using a pair of primers L and R with PCR technique which produced a fragment with a length of 847 bp. The services of 1st Base Singapore are used for sequencing the amplified product. The results of the research on the identification of the early exon 10 FSHR gene in Pesisir cattle were found that there were 5 SNPs at positions --53T&gt;C, +17A&gt;G, +650C&gt;T, +706A&gt;C and +707 ins&gt;A in some introns 9 to exon 10 first part. The results showed that the genotypic frequency of the Pesisir cattle population was in Hardy-Weinberg imbalance and polymorphisms were found in the early exon 10 FSHR gene diversity.

Body Condition Score (BCS) Sapi Pesisir Di Kecamatan Lengayang, Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, Sumatera Barat

Abstract This study aimed to determine the Body Condition Score (BCS) in Pesisir cattle. The Pesisir cattle used were 200 heads, which were located in Lengayang District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, Sumatera Barat Province. Research data was collected using a survey method by direct observations in the field and interviews with farmers. The research variable that was observed was the Body Condition Score (BCS). BCS value was measured using a scale of 1-3 (thin/medium/fat). The proportion of Pesisir cattle with BCS 1, 2, 3 was 14.5%, 70.5% and 15.0%, respectively. The BCS value of Pesisir cattle owned by farmers in the research location was in the normal range which refers to the standard BCS value of 1-3. Keyword: Body Condition Score, Pesisir cattle

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Determination of Specific Alleles of Kuantan Cattle Using Microsatellite Markers

Kuantan cattle have an important role in Riau Province, Indonesia. Identification of the genetic diversity of these cattle is important to get the basic information for breeding and conservation strategies. The aim of this research was to identify the genetic diversity of Kuantan cattle using microsatellite markers. A total of thirty-nine DNA samples from three breeds were used in this study. The polymerase chain reaction was conducted using four labeled primers of microsatellite (INRA035, ILSTS06, HEL9 and ETH225). The data were analyzed using GenAlEx 6.41, Cervus 3.0, POPTREE, and STRUCTURE Software. A total of thirty-two alleles were found from microsatellite loci. Two alleles in INRA035 locus 112 and 118 occurred as specific allele candidates for Kuantan cattle. The mean of observed heterozygosity value of the Kuantan-2 population (0.602) was higher than Kuantan-1 (0.471) but lower than Madura (0.688) and Pesisir cattle (0.625). PIC value was higher in HEL9 loci. The dendrogram showed that Kuantan cattle existed at different clusters with Pesisir and Madura cattle. This finding indicated that microsatellite markers successfully distinguished clusters of the cattle and could serve as information for conducting conservation and breeding program.

SNP g.1117G&gt;A HSP70 Gene Polymorphism in Domestic Beef Cattle using PCR-RFLP Method

Abstract Temperature increases have detrimental impacts on livestock, such as decreased metabolism, reproduction, and performance. The response of livestock to heat stress can be shown by the expression of HSP70 gene. This study aims to identify the SNP g.1117G&gt;A HSP70 gene polymorphism (HSP70|BanI) using the PCR-RFLP method. This study used 118 DNA samples of 5 breeds of cattle consisting of 20 heads of PO cattle, 20 heads of Madura cattle, 12 heads of Kuantan cattle, 53 heads of Bali cattle, and 13 heads of Pesisir cattle. The PCR-RFLP approach was used to analyze the diversity of the HSP70 gene. The enzyme used for cutting was BanI with forwarding primer 5‘-GAA AGG AAA AAA GAG ACA GA-3’ and reverse primers 5‘-AAT ACG CAG GAG TAG GTG GT-3’. The variation of the HSP gene was analyzed using allele frequency, genotype frequency, and level of heterozygosity. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was evaluated using the Chi-Square test on PopGen 32. HSP70 gene amplification resulted in 539 bp fragments and 2 alleles (A and G). The HSP70 gene consisted of three genotypes i.e., AA (475 bp), AG (475 bp, 369 bp, and 106 bp), and GG (369 bp and 106 bp). The highest allele frequency of the A allele was found in PO and G allele in Bali cattle. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the HSP70 gene in 5’ UTR (untranslated region) in local beef cattle was polymorphic.

Potential of Beef Cattle Breeding by Output Value-Based in Bayang Utara District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatera

This study aimed to determine the potential of beef cattle breeding in Bayang Utara District, Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatera. The material in this study included 135 farmers as respondents and 256 beef cattle. This research was descriptive-analytic using survey method with census data collection technique. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The results showed the natural increase (NI) of beef cattle as a whole was 13.28% with the NI value of each breed of beef cattle were 50.00%, 19.23%, 16.67%, 13.01%, and 9.27% for Limousin Crossbred cattle, PO cattle, Brahman Cross cattle, Simmental Crossbred cattle, and Pesisir cattle, respectively. The net replacement rate (NRR) of male and female cattle is 75.18% and 174.76%, respectively. The estimated output of beef cattle was 13.28% of the population consisting of the remaining replacement male -1.39% and female 3.88% as well as 5.6% male and 5.19% rejected cattle with the output value of each breed beef cattle were 50.00% or 1 head for Limousin Crossbred, 16.67% or 5 heads for Brahman Cross cattle, 19.23% or 5 heads for PO cattle, 13.00% or 16 heads for Simmental Crossbred and 9.27% or 7 heads for Pesisir cattle. The estimated output value of beef cattle as a whole where beef cattle can be removed was 13.28% or 34 heads. The estimated value of livestock output could be used to consider the potential development of livestock breeding in an area so that there is a sustainable breeding program.

Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Exon 9 and Intron 9 of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) Gene in Pesisir Cattle

Identification of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in Exon 9 and Intron 9 of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSHR) Gene in Pesisir Cattle

Separation of Bull Spermatozoa Bearing X- and Y-Chromosome by using Albumin Gradient and Swim-up Technique in Pesisir Cattle

Separation of Bull Spermatozoa Bearing X- and Y-Chromosome by using Albumin Gradient and Swim-up Technique in Pesisir Cattle

Addition of Tomato Juice as Additive in Diluent of Egg Yolk Citrate on the Quality of Pesisir Cattle Semen

Addition of Tomato Juice as Additive in Diluent of Egg Yolk Citrate on the Quality of Pesisir Cattle Semen

Pesisir cattle superovulation with various dosage of Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) on embrio production

This study aimed to determine the use of various doses of FSH hormone, the number of lutheum corpus and the number and quality of embryos produced in the superovulation program in Pesisir cattle. The experimental design was Analysis of Variance (Anova) in a completely randomized design. The research material used 16 cows from Pesisir cattle that had been synchronized with estrous with CIDR implants for 13 days and were injected with the PGF2α hormone after the release of CIDR, then scheduled AI was performed. The dose of FSH hormone was 16 ml, 17 ml, 18 ml and 19 ml, each treatment consisting of 4 replications. The injection of the FSH hormone was carried out for 3 days at a decreased dose. Collection of donor embryos was carried out on days 6 to 8 after the scheduled AI. The parameters observed included superovulation response, number of corpus luteum, number of embryos and quality of embryos. The results showed that the response of Pesisir cattle superovulation was 81.25%. The average number of CL obtained was 13.75 and embryos for Pesisir cattle was 11.25. The results also showed that the quality of the embryos obtained were grade A 19, grade B 18, grade C 7, grade D 1. It can be concluded that the use of various doses of FSH hormone at doses of 16 mg, 17 ml, 18 ml and 19 ml had shown a superovulatory response. The 17 ml dose of FSH hormone showed a large number of embryos and had the best embryo quality.

Intake, Nutrient Digestibility and Production Performance of Pesisir Cattle Fed Tithonia diversifolia and Calliandra calothyrsus-Based Rations with Different Protein and Energy Ratios

Intake, Nutrient Digestibility and Production Performance of Pesisir Cattle Fed Tithonia diversifolia and Calliandra calothyrsus-Based Rations with Different Protein and Energy Ratios

Identification of Locus GH/Alui Polymorphisms of Kuantan and Pesisir Cattle

Kuantan cattle is a local beef cattle of Riau Province that adaptive and breed well along the Kuantan river flow, found in Indragiri Hulu Regency and Kuantan Singingi Regency, have smaller morphometric performance compared to other local beef cattle and are relatively the same as Pesisir cattle. One of the genetic markers of growth determinant in beef cattle is the GH/AluI gene locus. Identification of the diversity of the GH/Alu I gene was carried out using the PCR-RFLP. Fifty four samples of Kuantan cattle consisting of 25 samples from Indragiri Hulu Regency and 29 samples from Kuantan Singingi Regency, as well as 25 samples of Pesisir cattle from BPTU-HPT Padang Mengatas Payakumbuh, West Sumatra, were used in this study. The oligonucleotida forward F-5’GCTGCTCCTGAGGGCCCTTC-3’ and reverse R-5’CATGACCCTCAGGTACGTCTCCG-3’ used in this study along 211 bp of GH Gene. The PCR mixture consisted of DNA templates 20 - 25 ng, 0.4 µL primer forward dan primer reverse (10 ng primer forward and primer reverse), 25 µL dream tag green master mix and ddH2O up to a 50 µL. PCR machine conditions consisted of 940C pradenaturation for 5 minutes, 940C denaturation for 30 seconds, annealing 650C for 1 minute, 720C extension for 50 seconds and 720C final extension for 5 minutes. Identification of GH gene diversity using AluI at an incubation temperature of 370C for 3 hours. The results in this study were found monomorphic of GH/AluI genes in Kuantan and Pesisir cattle. The monomorphic in Kuantan cattle can be used as an indicator to assess the purity of Kuantan cattle in this areas.

The Effect of Age, Body Height, Weight, Testosterone Hormone Concentration and Semen Quality on the Libido Level of Pesisir Cattle

The Effect of Age, Body Height, Weight, Testosterone Hormone Concentration and Semen Quality on the Libido Level of Pesisir Cattle

Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam meningkatkan produktivitas sapi pesisir di Nagari Taratak - Sutera Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan

Sapi Pesisir merupakan sapi lokal Sumatera Barat yang mempunyai keunggulan tahan terhadap penyakit dan dapat bertahan hidup dengan mengkonsumsi makanan yang tidak unggul. Kecamatan Sutera adalah salah satu sentra peternakan sapi pesisir di Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan Sumatera Barat. Keberadaan sapi pesisir ini mulai menurun karena banyaknya betina bunting yang dipotong serta banyaknya peternak yang meninggalkan usaha beternak sapi ini. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah pemelihaharaan sapi yang tidak efektif dengan pola makan yang tidak bagus mengakibatkan performa dan produktivitasnya rendah padahal kalau ditingkatkan manajemen pemeliharaannya seperti disediakan ransum yang baik tentu produktivitas sapi tersebut dapat ditingkatkan. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu dilakukan pemberdayaan pada masyarakat untuk memelihara ternak dengan menyediakan ransum yang dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sehingga produktivitas sapi dapat ditingkatkan. Tujuan dari KKN–PPM tematik ini adalah diharapkan mahasiswa mampu memotivasi dan memberdayakan masyarakat disana. Metode yang digunakan dalam pencapaian tersebut adalah metode penyuluhan dan dilanjutkan dengan demonstrasi dan terjun langsung ke lapangan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah alih teknologi dalam penyediaan ransum untuk sapi pesisir, membuat formulasi ransum sapi pesisir sesuai kebutuhan. Hasil yang didapatkan terbukanya wawasan masyarakat untuk memelihara ternak dengan semi intensif dengan cara dikandangkan dan ransumnya disediakan sesuai dengan formulasi ransum sapi pesisir yang dibuat. Ransum yang disediakan untuk sapi pesisir adalah dalam bentuk silase ransum komplit dengan memanfaatkan sumber bahan baku pakan yang banyak tersedia disana yaitu rumput lapang, jerami padi, dedak padi dan sumber pakan lainnya. Dengan silase ransum komplit tersebut membantu peternak lebih efektif dalam penyediaan ransum dan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas sapi pesisir.

The origin of pesisir cattle based on D-loop mitochondrial DNA

Abstract. Putri AE, Farajallah A, Perwitasari D. 2019. The origin of pesisir cattle based on D-loop mitochondrial DNA. Biodiversitas 20: 2569-2575. Pesisir cattle is one of Indonesia's local cattle descended from Bos indicus which has small body characteristics. It was assumed due to crossbreeding between pesisir cattle and other cattle. Therefore this study aims to study the origin of pesisir cattle based on the D-loop mtDNA region and to find out the phylogenetic relationships between pesisir cattle and other cattle. Cattle blood samples were taken in two locations, Krui Way and Tanah Rekah. Amplification of the mitochondrial gene using the primary pair of collections of Dr. Achmad Farajallah, namely AF22 (forward) 5'-GCGTACGCAATCTTACGATCA-3' and AF23 (reverse) 5'-ATGCAGTTAAGTCCAGCTAC-3'. Reconstruction of phylogenetic trees was analyzed using the Neighbor-Joining Method based on Kimura 2 Parameters. The results of the mtDNA analysis in the D-loop region showed that there were two broods in pesisir cattle, namely Bos indicus and Bos javanicus. The closeness between these species is due to the close geographical distance between Bos indicus originating from Way Krui, Lampung and Bos javanicus from Java.