Peruvian Schools Research Articles

Technological Ecosystem in Innovation Management in Peruvian Schools

The objective of the research is to determine the influence of the technological ecosystem in the management of innovation in schools in Peru, where the type of research is basic, with a quantitative approach, explanatory level, with a non-experimental design. The sample is 148 workers of schools in mining camps in southern Peru. It is concluded that there is an influence of the technological ecosystem in the management of innovation, given the value of p = 0.000 and Nagelkerke's Pseudo-R2 = 60.50%. The results demonstrate the relevance of the technological ecosystem as a source to improve innovation management, given the insertion of technologies, digitalization, and information systems for the facilitation of innovation and decision-making.

Emotional Competencies and Teaching Practice in the Reopening of Peruvian Schools After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Purpose: The transition from virtuality to face-to-face classes, in the post-Covid-19 pandemic process, required an academic look at how teachers were adapting to the reopening of schools. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between emotional competencies and teaching practice in this process. Method: The methodology with quantitative route and correlational scope was used, two instruments were built for both study variables, which were administered to a sample of 141 teachers belonging to Regular Basic Education schools in Lima. Results and conclusion: The statistical processing allowed to conclude that there is a high positive relationship between emotional competencies and teaching practice during the reopening of Peruvian schools after the Covid-19 pandemic, considering the Rho Spearman coefficient of 0,757. It is in this sense, teachers making use of their abilities and skills should use emotional competencies in their educational community. In addition to making use of all the resources to improve their professional performance. Research implications: The teaching practice implies professional performance, has as its center the integral formation of the student, providing them with the necessary curricular contents and an education in values. Originality/value: This questionnaire had 28 items. Both instruments went through expert judgment and reliability with a Cronbach's Alpha value of .953 and .942, respectively. It was also shown that they are highly reliable for the application.

Digital competencies of Peruvian teachers in basic education

Digital teaching competence is directly related to the knowledge, use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Its use in educational contexts and processes seeks to integrate technology and pedagogy. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the level of Digital Teaching Competencies (DTCs) possessed by basic education (BE) teachers in different Peruvian schools and their comparison by competency area, considering sociodemographic factors. The research responds to a quantitative methodological approach. A non-experimental design of a comparative descriptive type was used, and a non-probabilistic purposeful sampling was applied. A total of 3,142 BE teachers participated in the study, including the educational levels of preschool (0–5 years), primary school (6–11 years), and Secondary school (12–16 years), belonging to public institutions located in rural and urban areas of the province of Arequipa (Peru). The instrument developed in the European Framework of Digital Competence, DigCompEdu Check-In, was applied. This instrument aimed to measure teachers’ level of competence in the digital domain. The main results show that a more significant number of teachers present an Integrator competence level (B1), followed by the Expert level (B2), and the Explorer level (A2). Furthermore, low percentages are observed in the most advanced leadership levels, Leader (C1) and Pioneer (C2), in the use of ICTs. The results obtained suggest implementing new strategies to improve DTCs. Based on critical conceptions, technology constitutes an essential tool for education in the twenty first century.

Scientific production of peruvian schools of Architecture: a bibliometric study

Scientific production is fundamental in architecture schools for developing professionals with research capabilities involved in generating knowledge for society. The objective of this research was to analyze the scientific production of Peruvian architecture schools in the Scopus and Web of Science (WoS) databases until 2020. A bibliometric study was conducted considering the 37 schools of architecture recognized by SUNEDU. As a result, 131 documents were found (79 in Scopus, 30 in WoS, and 22 in both databases). The first publication was in 2005, and in the last two years (2019–2020), more than half (78) of the historical total of documents have been produced. A total of 190 authors were registered; 120 are of Peruvian affiliation, and 70 have an international affiliation. Articles were the most published type of document (56.4% in Scopus and 86.5% in WoS) and were published in more than 49 international journals. About half of the total publications were in English. This research shows that only 18 architecture schools have published at least one paper in Scopus or WoS. It is concluded that scientific production in Peruvian architecture schools is low, recent, and heterogeneous according to the university’s type of administration (public or private) and location. It is necessary to implement strategies to promote scientific production from the undergraduate level and consider the research lines of the architecture schools in Peru.

Emotional competencies and teaching practice during the reopening of Peruvian schools

Introduction: The reopening of schools required a look at the last two years of virtual education in Peru due to the confinement measures that were given by the Covid-19 disease. Objective: to determine the relationship between emotional competencies and teaching practice during the reopening of Peruvian schools. Methodology: the quantitative approach with correlational design was used, with a sample of 141 teachers belonging to public and private management educational institutions. Results: according to the statistical processing of Spearman's Rho, a correlation of 757 was obtained. Conclusion: there is a positive relationship between emotional competencies and teaching practice.

Development of Soft Skills from Out-of-School Experiences in Peru. Learnings from Non-Profit Organizations’ Activities in Public Schools in Lima

This research aimed to examine the enhancement of soft skills in public education in Peru through analysing non-profit organisations’ techniques at the school level. The objectives were (a)To understand how the quality of education in Peruvian public schools assures the development of soft skills, (b)To explore the potential of non-profit organisations in supporting the development of soft skills in public schools. Interviews with three non-profit organisations and a government official, alongside reports, were analysed based on an OECD model. The findings include government initiatives that indirectly develop soft skills, but management issues might lead to teacher-centred rather than student-centred methodologies, deterring skills development. Unfriendly environments characterise vulnerable areas for skills development; non-profits become supportive disruptive spaces to cultivate values, ethics, and skills. The discourse analysis concludes that, despite their small scope, they mainly develop collaboration and task performance skills, impacting career decisions, families and communities. Non-profits employ a playful and concrete methodology that fosters the development of soft skills, but which is difficult to implement in public schools due to a lack of resources and school management. Further research should explore non-profits’ impact on skills development. This study is a pioneer in this field in LATAM.

Bibliometric Study of the National Scientific Production of All Peruvian Schools of Dentistry in Scopus.

Objective To perform a bibliometric analysis of the national scholarly output of all dental schools in Peru in Scopus through a retrospective study after the promulgation of the Peruvian University Law 30220 in 2014. Methods This was a descriptive, comparative, retrospective, and cross-sectional study. A search of the Scopus database was performed to identify scholarly output in dentistry between 2014 and 2019. A total of 287 scientific articles with affiliation with the dental faculties of Peruvian public and private universities were evaluated. The data was extracted from Scopus using a complex formula developed from the words of the thesaurus MeSh (Medline) and Emtree (base) with words related to dentistry combined with the AF-IDs of the Peruvian universities. Results The Top 10 in the scholarly output of all the Peruvian public and private dental schools were as follows: firstly, the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), with 79 scholarly outputs publications and 5.2 citations per article, followed by the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) with 53 scholarly outputs publications and 2.6 citations per article, and in third place, the Universidad Cientifica del Sur (UCSUR) with 49 scholarly outputs publications. In general, it was found that, of the 30 Faculties of Dentistry in Peru, only 10 in the public and private universities have a scholarly output greater than 5 to belong to the top 10. In addition, it was found that, according to the share of publications per journal quartile by the CiteScore Percentile of all the public and private Peruvian Faculties of Dentistry, in 2019, it presented the highest number of scientific publications in all quartiles with 20,33,14 and 43 articles in the quartiles Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. The highest number of scientific publications was produced in 2019 with 20, 33, 14, and 43 articles in quartiles Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. Conclusion The UPCH, UNMSM, and UCSUR dental schools were the most productive. Both public and private universities presented an evident increase in their scientific publications in Scopus after the promulgation of the University Law 30220 in 2014.

Violence at School and Bullying in School Environments in Peru: Analysis of a Virtual Platform.

BackgroundSchool violence and bullying are prevalent problems that affect health in general, especially through the development of emotional and behavioral problems, and can result in the deterioration of the academic performance of the student victim. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rates of aggressive behaviors according to types of school violence and bullying, sociodemographic characteristics, and variation by department, region, and time in the period between 2014 and 2018 in Peru.MethodsThe design was observational and cross-sectional based on data from the Specialized System for Reporting Cases of School Violence (Sistema Especializado en Reporte de Casos sobre Violencia Escolar—SíseVe) in Peru, which covers a population of 23,641 students at the initial, primary, and secondary levels of Basic Regular Education [Educación Básica Regular (EBR)], for the 2014–2018 period. The prevalence rates of the different types of school violence and bullying, the sociodemographic characteristics, and the variation by department, region, and time in the period between 2014 and 2018 were estimated.ResultsPsychological violence/bullying occurred at higher prevalence rates (185.8 and 62.6 per 100,000 residents). Women from public institutions reported greater sexual violence, mostly by teachers (67.8%) than by other students (32.2%). The Selva region had the highest prevalence rate of sexual violence (10.1 per 100,000 residents). The departments of Tacna and Piura had the highest and lowest rates of psychological/verbal violence and bullying in 2018 (95.79 and 25.31 per 100,000 residents).ConclusionPsychological/verbal violence and bullying is highly prevalent among students; women report being victims of sexual violence by administrative personnel of public institutions. The Selva region had the highest rate of sexual violence, and Piura and Tacna had the highest and lowest rates of violence and psychological/verbal bullying. Based on these results, it is suggested to conduct evidence-based prevention programs in Peruvian schools to reduce these social problems.

De la lingüística a las aulas: ideologías en la educación peruana

Taking into account the notion of symbolic market and the view of education as an instrument for social distinction (Bourdieu 2002, 2008a, 2008b, 2013), we approach in this paper the linkages between linguistics and education in Peru. With this view in mind, we analyse the language ideologies that Jose Jimenez Borja (1901-1982) and Luis Hernan Ramirez (1926-1997) displayed in their academic work. Both scholars have been influential in Peruvian basic education and university instruction, respectively. Our account shows that linguistics has taken a share in disseminating a hierarchic and discriminatory agenda in Peruvian schools and universities. Paramount for this process is a set of ideologies that are still prevailing in Hispanic countries, both in common sense and in the academia. We suggest that a critical and historical approach to the relationship between linguistics and education can enrich the articulation between both fields, in Peru and Latin America.

Malocclusion impacts the quality of life of Peruvian school children. A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the impact of malocclusion considering the orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) on the oral health related quality of life evaluated with the Child Perceptions Questionnaire in students aged 11 to 14 years (CPQ11-14 ) of the Peruvian public schools in the city of Juliaca. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. The sample included 354 students. The data were obtained from the tool of self-perception using the aesthetic component (AC) and the oral health component (DHC) from the IOTN, and the CPQ11-14. For the data analysis the Kruskal Wallis test was used (p<0.05). Results: The value of the impact on the quality of life was higher in the dimension moderate treatment need with 56.08; followed by need for treatment with 55.56 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Malocclusion affects the quality of life of students aged 11 to 14 years in Peruvian public schools of the city of Juliaca.

Retos a la Educación Peruana en el Siglo XXI

The new educational trends and the needs of the use of new educational technologies in the curriculum and teaching practices, the Peruvian schools must adapt to these changes so that the future citizens give effective responses to the characteristics and demands of current society and leave behind the nineteenth century that still prevails in Peruvian schools. So this paper analyzes the most relevant characteristics of the knowledge society, the relation between the school and the characteristics of this society, the teacher education and the role of teachers and at the end it mentions what school is required to respond to this demand that today's society, and in which the education faculties of universities have a major role.

Designing Collaborative Teacher Training Curriculum for Using ICTs in Education: Experiences from Peruvian Schools

In the context of the Americas, there is widespread recognition of the benefits that ICTs offer as tools for learning. While technology can be used to support teacher-training and capacity building, teachers can in turn enhance student learning by integrating quality educational resources. Studies have suggested that on-going and well-planned teacher-training is critical to the successful utilization of ICTs in education. Teacher-training, therefore, requires attention to different types of pedagogical, motivational, and technical factors at various stages of implementation. This study elaborates on the process of designing a collaborative teacher-training curriculum that strategically addresses their varying needs and challenges. The Leer Digital software was developed for use by children guided by teachers. During the implementation phase from August to November 2013, in-school teacher-training sessions were conducted with participating teachers from four Peruvian primary schools. Teachers’ feedback and suggestions are detailed in the findings.

A skew item response model

We introduce a new skew-probit link for item response theory (IRT) by considering an accumulated skew-normal distribution. The model extends the symmetric probit-normal IRT model by considering a new item (or skewness) parameter for the item characteristic curve. A special interpretation is given for this parameter, and a latent linear structure is indicated for the model when an augmented likelihood is considered. Bayesian MCMC inference approach is developed and an efficiency study in the estimation of the model parameters is undertaken for a data set from (Tanner 1996, pg. 190) by using the notion of effective sample size (ESS) as defined in Kass et al. (1999) and the sample size per second (ESS/s) as considered in Sahu (2002). The methodology is illustrated using a data set corresponding to a Mathematical Test applied in Peruvian schools for which a sensitivity analysis of the chosen priors is conducted and also a comparison with seven parametric IRT models is conducted. The main conclusion is that the skew-probit item response model seems to provide the best fit.