Persuasive Response Research Articles

China's Response To Indonesia's Policies In The North Natuna Sea

Problems: The North Natuna Sea has emerged as a point of contention between China and Indonesia. This research delves into the ambiguity and potential conflict within China's response to Indonesia's actions in the region. Purpose: This research aims to examine China's response to Indonesia's North Natuna Sea policies. And also Investigate Indonesia's policy regarding North Natuna Sea map issuance. Methodology: Qualitative research methods are employed, primarily involving an extensive review of existing literature. The analysis relies on a descriptive approach, drawing from foreign policy theory and geopolitical theory. Results/Findings: Indonesia's bold move in 2017, Indonesia officially inaugurated the North Natuna Sea Map. Objectives were clear, demarcate territorial boundaries, maximize resource utilization, and advance maritime ambitions. There is China's Ambiguous Response that took three forms. Coercive Response, China asserted dominance via the controversial Nine Dash Line and military force deployment within Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the North Natuna Sea. Persuasive Response, Diplomatically, China argued for South China Sea sovereignty, including the Nansha Islands and their waters. President Xi Jinping advocated mutual respect among neighboring countries. Dialogic Response, China engaged in diplomatic dialogues through forums like ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA) and ASEAN-China Political Consultative Mechanism (PCM) to reduce regional tensions, seeking mutual agreements.Bottom of Form Paper Type: Geopolitical Issue Keywords: North Natuna Sea, UNLCOS, ZEE

البنى الاجتماعية والثقافية وعلاقتهما بتصميم الإعلان

Advertising design is considered a social activity that aims to present its topics according to foundations and relationships, subject to several transformations depending on social and cultural variables to convey ideas and information as a communicative stimulus whose goal is to influence and achieve a persuasive response. We can summarize the problem of the current research in the following question: - What are the social and cultural structures and their relationship to Advertising design? The goal of the research is determined: to explain the social and cultural structures and their relationship to advertising design. The research included three sections, the first (the concept of structure and structures), the second (the constructivism of societies), and the third (the relationship of advertising design to social and cultural structures). The descriptive analytical approach was adopted to analyze the sample of (5) five models of advertisements published on the Deviant Art website for the year 2021 for the research population of (53) fifty-three for advertisements published on the Deviant Art website for the year 2021 for the research community of (53) fifty-three designs, i.e. 10%. Then a set of results and conclusions were reached, the most important of which are the following: 1. The relationship of advertising design to social and cultural structures contributes to the manifestation of aesthetic values through the use of (metaphor, suggestion, movement, aesthetic values, dazzlement, and contrast) as it contains a tremendous ability the recipient towards the design. 2. Highlighting the structural foundations of societies by using functions (aesthetic, communication, utilitarian) within the advertising space to highlight the aesthetic and expressive side of the design and deliver information clearly to the recipient, as well as attracting attention to the direction of the advertising content and achieving influence and persuasion. after which recommendations and proposals were presented. Key words: structurer, social structures, cultural structures.

The Real Secret to Getting Published: Responding to Reviewers

Authors submitting a paper often receive an opportunity to revise and resubmit the paper. Authors may find addressing reviewers' comments challenging. We posit authors should welcome expert suggestions for revisions that strengthen the paper and develop a persuasive response if they disagree with the reviewer. A thoughtful, detailed response allows authors to dialogue with reviewers. Our paper uses exemplars of responses to reviewers to illustrate the effectiveness of clear and compelling author responses. Addressing reviewers' comments ultimately results in a better paper-more likely to be accepted. Developing skills in resubmitting research and clinical scholarship reports is essential to the dissemination process.

A Study on the Persuasive Function of Metadiscourse in Hotel Responses to Negative Reviews on TripAdvisor

With the flourishing of tourism, more and more travelers tend to look at reviews on travel websites before booking accommodations. To minimize the possible unfavorable influence generated by negative reviews on websites, hotels tend to provide persuasive responses to negative reviews. Metadiscourse resource, as a linguistic resource, can be possibly used for such persuasive purpose in hotel responses to negative reviews. Taking TripAdvisor, one popular global travel website based in America, as an example, the present study explores the types of metadiscourse used in hotel responses to negative reviews and their role in achieving specific persuasive goals. 200 English responses to negative reviews from 50 hotels at the top five destinations were collected and analyzed. Metadiscourse markers were identified and located with the help of AntConc 3.5.9 (Windows) 2020 and Microsoft Word. The results show that nine types of metadiscourse resources are used in hotel responses to negative reviews on TripAdvisor, and interactional metadiscourse markers are more frequently adopted than interactive ones. Furthermore, it is found that metadiscourse markers can help achieve persuasive goals such as restoring the damaged reputation, winning trust, and enhancing rapport. This research complements the study on metadiscourse by looking at it in the genre of review response and explores the practicality of Aristotle’s three rhetorical means of persuasion in explaining the persuasive functions in business discourse. Hopefully, this study will spire hotels to take advantage of different types of metadiscourse resources in their attempt to achieve persuasive goals in their responses to negative reviews.

The Impact of Persuasive Response Sequence and Consistency When Information Technology Service Providers Address Auditor-Identified Issues in System and Organization Control 2 Reports

ABSTRACTWe examine how an IT service provider’s persuasive communication related to SOC2 report findings influences management’s (i.e., user-entities’) perceptions of the outsourced services. Within SOC2 reports, service providers can attempt to influence management’s impressions of auditor-identified issues and, due to the report’s limited audience, also follow up with management about these issues. Using dual-process theories of persuasion, we predict the type of persuasion used by a service provider in a SOC2 report (contend or concede), and its consistency with follow-up persuasive appeals (contend or concede), will influence management’s perceptions of the services provided. In an experiment, only when the service provider first contends the auditor’s findings does a follow-up concession (rather than contention) result in more favorable perceptions. Persuasion tactics also influence management’s processing of risk factors, which impact their trust in the service. Thus, IT service providers’ initial and follow-up persuasive communications influence management’s assessment of SOC2 auditor-identified issues.Data Availability: Data used in this study are available upon request.

Reinforcing personalized persuasion in task-oriented virtual sales assistant.

Existing task-oriented virtual agents can assist users with simple tasks like ticket booking, hotel reservations, etc. effectively and with high confidence. These virtual assistants, however, assume specific, predictable end-user behavior, such as predefined/servable objectives, which results in conversation failures in challenging situations, such as when goals are unavailable. Inspired by the practice and its efficacy, we propose an end-to-end framework for task-oriented persuasive dialogue generation that combines pre-training and reinforcement learning for generating context-aware persuasive responses. We utilize four novel rewards to improve consistency and repetitiveness in generated responses. Additionally, a meta-learning strategy has also been utilized to make the model parameters better for domain adaptation. Furthermore, we also curate a personalized persuasive dialogue (PPD) corpus, which contains utterance-level intent, slot, sentiment, and persuasion strategy annotation. The obtained results and detailed analysis firmly establish the effectiveness of the proposed persuasive virtual assistant over traditional task-oriented virtual assistants. The proposed framework considerably increases the quality of dialogue generation in terms of consistency and repetitiveness. Additionally, our experiment with a few shot and zero-shot settings proves that our meta-learned model learns to quickly adopt new domains with a few or even zero no. of training epochs. It outperforms the non-meta-learning-based approaches keeping the base model constant. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to improve a task-oriented virtual agent's persuasiveness and domain adaptation.

Reversing the Antibiotic Resistance "Yelp Effect" Through the Use of Emotionally Framed Responses to Negative Reviews of Providers: Questionnaire Study.

BackgroundThe overuse of antibiotics has rapidly made antimicrobial resistance a global public health challenge. There is an emerging trend where providers who perceive that their patients expect antibiotics are more likely to prescribe antibiotics unprompted or upon request. Particularly, health care providers have expressed concern that dissatisfied patients will provide disparaging online reviews, therefore threatening the reputation of the practice. To better deal with the negative reviews and inform patients, some health care staff directly respond to patients’ online feedback. Engaging with patients’ online reviews gives providers an opportunity to prevent reputational damage and improve patients’ understanding of the antibiotic resistance problem.ObjectiveWe aim to test the effectiveness of different response strategies to the negative patient online reviews on the readers’ perceptions of the health care provider and their perceptions related to antibiotics resistance.MethodsTwo experiments were conducted to examine the impact of message tactics (apologizing, inducing fear or guilt) that can be employed by health care providers when responding to patients’ negative online feedback related to not receiving an antibiotic.ResultsOverall, our results demonstrated positive impacts of responding to patients’ online reviews. In study 1, we found apologetic messaging and use of emotional appeals in the response were effective in making readers feel more favorable toward the message. Readers also expressed a greater credibility perception toward the provider and willingness to visit the clinic when emotional appeals were used. Findings from study 2 largely supported the effectiveness of a fear-based response in improving the readers’ credibility perceptions and willingness to visit the clinic. The fear-inducing information was particularly effective among parent readers.ConclusionsThis paper demonstrated that a strategic response to online patient complaints could prevent reputational damage and minimize the potential negative impacts of the review. The results also glean insight into the step toward developing a novel intervention—crafting a persuasive response to patients’ negative feedback that can help improve the understanding of antibiotic resistance problems.

The Controversy of Executive Remuneration: Pay Ratios and Other Approaches

The regulation of executive pay needs a radical rethinking. Due to the current emphasis on the consequences of the pandemic on companies, and the calls for fairer pay designs, increased scrutiny of pay, pay gap reporting and accompanying narratives is inevitable. Adopting a clear policy on pay can prove a solid tool in promoting positive perceptions and encouraging a persuasive response to any adverse scrutiny of pay issues. Yet, regulating executive pay is a balancing act. Societies and the law must preserve companies’ freedom to decide their own executives’ pay whilst safeguarding fairness within pay structures. Clearly, in making laws on executive pay, governments in western economies must accommodate for many conflicting policy views and variables: whether to allow company boards to exercise their powers of management free of (further) government limitation, or to extend regulation in order to tackle the general public’s concern over executive greed and unethical pay structures. Criminal and civil enforcement, Fraud, Game theory, HMRC, Tax returns.

الأدلة العقلیة والفطریة على إثبات وجود الله فی سورة الأنعام

الأدلة العقلية والفطرية على إثبات وجود الله في سورة الأنعام مديحة إبراهيم السدحان قسم الدراسات الإسلامية، کلية الآداب، جامعة الأميرة نورة بالرياض، المملکة العربية السعودية. البريد الإلکتروني: mialsdhan@pnu.edu.sa ملخص البحث: يتناول البحث قضية تقرير الأدلة الفطرية والعقلية على إثبات وجود الله، ولا أبلغ ولا أنفع في ذلک من کلام الله U، ولهذا جاء هذا البحث لتجلية الهدايات القرآنية في سورة الأنعام فقد تضمنت الکثير من الأدلة الفطرية والعقلية على تفرده سبحانه بالخلق والملک والتدبير، التي عني البحث ببيانها، لأن تحقيق التوحيد، وإثبات وجود الله طريق لتحقيق الغاية التي خلق الإنسان من أجلها وهي عبادته وحده U. وقد تنوعت أساليب القرآن الکريم في إثبات وجود الله، فمن هذه الأساليب الأدلة العقلية بالإقناع بالبرهان المنطقي، والدعوة للتفکر في الآفاق والأنفس، والخطاب الفطري، وخطاب الوجدان بالموعظة والتذکير، وکل هذه الأساليب واضحة في هذه السورة، وقد کان من أهم أهداف هذا البحث: بيان الأدلة العقلية والفطرية على التوحيد وإثبات وجود الله، وتوضيح ما في هذه السورة من ردود على حجج منکري وجوده سبحانه، وبيان کيفية الاستفادة من أسلوب الموعظة في الرد عليهم. وقد اتبع البحث المنهج التحليلي الاستنباطي، أما أهم نتائجه وتوصياته فهي: أن سورة الأنعام تضمنت الأدلة العقلية التي تثبت وجود الله U وأبرزها: تذکير الإنسان ببداية خلقه، وهو دليل الخلق والإيجاد وهو من أقوى الأدلة على وجود الله، کما جاء فيها دليل الفطرة، بذکر رجوع الإنسان عند الشدائد لخالقه. وقد أوصى البحث بتعليم المسلمين والشباب خاصة الأدلة على توحيد الله وإثبات وجوده، وإدراج ذلک في مناهج التعليم العام والجامعي، وتدريبهم على مهارات التفکير الصحيح، حتى تعصمهم بإذن الله من الفتن التي توقع في الإلحاد. Establishing Mental and Innate Evidence of the Existence of Allah as revealed in Surat Al- An'am By: Madiha Ibrahim Al- Sadhan Department of Islamic Studies Faculty of Arts Princess Noura University Riyadh- Saudi Arabia Abstract The research at hand deals with issue of establishing mental and innate evidence of existence of Allah. Due to fact that Word of Allah is best and has no match, this research intends to discuss gemstones revealed in Surat Al- An'am which includes a great deal of innate and mental evidence of existence of Allah; only creator, Lord of worlds and Disposer of all creatures. The research highlights these attributes as achieving monotheism and proving existence of Allah constitutes way to achieve objective beyond crating mankind which is worshipping Only One; Allah, Glory be to Him. The Holy Qur'an uses a variety of techniques to prove existence of Allah. Those techniques include mental clues which rely on logical persuasion, meditation, thinking of selves, innate discourse, addressing one's conscience through advice and reminding. All these reasons are quite clear in Surat Al- An'am and that's why research resorts to this chapter of Holy Qur'an seeking persuasive responses for pleas of those who denounce existence of Allah. Hence, research utilizes deductive and analytical approaches. Regarding findings and recommendations, research has proved that Surat Al- An'am includes innate and mental evidence of existence of Allah. The most outstanding clues remind man of his early creation which embodies a conclusive evidence of creation and existence which is considered one of powerful clues on existence of Allah. In addition, there is the innate clue which reminds man of resorting to his Creator in severe circumstances. The research recommends Muslims, in general and youth in particular, to learn by heart clues on monotheism and existence of Allah as well as including these topics in pre- university and university education. The Muslim youth should be also trained on truthful thinking skills so that they may be protected from any kind of seduction that would lead to infidelity. Key words: Surat Al-An'am, creed, polytheism, existence of Allah, infidelity

Resepsi dan Resistensi: Respons Masyarakat terhadap Jamaah An-Nadzir sebagai Komunitas Muslim di Tengah Arus Demokratisasi di Indonesia

The fact that the reformation having been running for more than two decades is still found being influencial in Indonesia today. One of the impacts is the opening of spaces for religious expression in public sphere in the name of democratization. The experience of Jamaah An-Nadzir is an exmple in wich this study is beeing carried out. This work is intended to explore the public response to Jamaah An-Nadzir's existence as a non-maintstream Islamic religious community in the Mawang area, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi as the product of the reformation. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research approach, with data research methods through observation, interviews and literature studies related to the object of study. Three forms of paradoxical response of society in seeing the existence of Jamaah An-Nadzir were found in this work. First, there is a response to the resistance of th representatives of religious figures who reject the reasons for Islamic reasons, while there are those who accept that they are a community that only has different understanding in Islam or khilafiyah. Second, the response of the surrounding community shows that they tend to accept the An-nadzir community and enter into land management although a few people reject the strange name of the community and show an acceptional understanding to their physical appearance. Third, the local government's persuasive response to An-Nadzir is supported by a community empowerment approach in social and economic aspects. Likewise, the flow of democratization as an external factor cannot be separated from the existence of communities, Jamaah An-Nadzir was no exception. Thus, An-nadzir's existence can be accepted today, although they still has resistance from several elements. This study suggests the need for further study of this kind of religious community which is still undocumented, so that it can be mapped geographically for the life of the nation and state in the democratization era.

Shopping in augmented reality: The effects of spatial presence, personalization and intrusiveness on app and brand responses

Augmented reality (AR) applications add a new dimension to the consumer experience by overlaying the consumer’s face or surroundings with virtual products. The aim of this study was to examine three underlying processes (spatial presence, perceived personalization, and perceived intrusiveness) that could explain the persuasiveness of AR apps. In two experiments, we compared an AR app to a non-AR app. Study 1 used an app that augmented the user’s face with virtual products (make-up), while Study 2 used an app that showed virtual products within one’s surroundings (furniture). The results showed that spatial presence and perceived personalization can explain positive persuasive responses towards AR apps. For the app that augmented the user’s face with virtual products, perceived personalization enhanced purchase intentions, while perceived intrusiveness had negative persuasive consequences. For the app that showed virtual products in one’s surroundings, spatial presence enhanced purchase intentions, and no negative persuasive consequences were found.

Communication battles between Boko Haram and Nigeria : examination of persuasive strategies and institutional responses

Communication battles between Boko Haram and Nigeria : examination of persuasive strategies and institutional responses

Epistemic Barriers to Rational Voting: The Case of European Parliament Elections

ABSTRACT Voting is often said to be irrational because of the incredibly small likelihood that an individual voter’s ballot will be pivotal in favour of her preferred candidate or party. A persuasive response to this is to think of voting in terms of a ‘contributory causation’: a single voter can accordingly cause an outcome by being part of the set of votes that is decisive in bringing that outcome about. This article applies this theory of voting to European Parliament elections, arguing that European Parliament elections create especially high epistemic barriers to this sort of voting. Due to how European Parliament elections are organised, voters can barely know if and when their vote can be causally efficacious. The article concludes by suggesting that genuinely transnational political parties can go a long way in overcoming this problem, since they considerably simplify the electoral contest.

The Covert Advertising Recognition and Effects (CARE) model: Processes of persuasion in native advertising and other masked formats

Covert advertisements, or those that utilize the guise and delivery mechanisms of familiar non-advertising formats, differ from other more direct forms of advertising in several ways that are important for understanding users’ psychological responses. Research across various covert advertising formats including various forms of sponsored editorial content, other native advertising formats, and product placement has shown that variation consumers’ persuasive responses to such messages is largely driven by whether they recognize that such messages are advertising at all. After reviewing the findings of empirical research into covert advertising effects, we present a model of covert advertising recognition effects (CARE) that outlines potential antecedents and processes underlying the recognition of covert advertising, and maps several pathways to persuasive outcomes that are contingent on advertising recognition and perceptions related to the information in and perceived presentation of the advertisement itself.

Facebook eWOM

The study examines how consumers, in a Facebook eWOM context, perceived source and message credibility by utilizing self-shared and system-generated cues. It investigates:(1) to what extent source and message credibility derived from these cues may lead to significant attitudinal responses and intentions to purchase; (2) and to what extent attitudinal responses are likely to vary with different levels and combinations of these credibility cues. Data was collected from 246 respondents who were exposed to Facebook eWOM scenarios. The structural model results confirm that the perceived source and message credibility derived from self-shared and system-generated cues are significant antecedents to purchase-related consideration for a brand. The results further confirm that these cues have an overall balancing effect: one compensates for the low level of the other leading to a significant persuasive response. The study evaluates traditional antecedents of WOM adoption, namely, perceived source and message credibility derived from unique interface-related features.

Self-Assembled Chiral Nanoparticle Superstructures and Identification of Their Collective Optical Activity from Ligand Asymmetry.

The spontaneous self-assembly of chiral nanoparticles (NPs) into stationary fabrication has garnered great interest in technique investigation and science advancement due to its expected apparent properties via orderly collective behaviors. However, this kind of characterization of assembled nanoparticles superstructure (NPS) is rarely reported and is distinguished with monodispersed chiral NPs. In this work, we used l-cysteine (Cys) as the chiral molecule in the form of functional surfactant, which had capped CdS/CdTe NPs and was treated as a linkage bridge for constructing orderly assembled NPS. Among the circular dichrosim (CD) phenomenon, Cys ligands exhibit related changes in CD absorption, while whole-molecule solution was used for treatment in different pH-controlling procedures. Synthesized chiral NPs are organized into ordered rod-shaped NPS during the spontaneous self-assembly process, and the CD response of NPS is monitored in different cultivating times; it showed a persuasive response appears in sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. Both experimental works and theory calculation convey that the ordered stacking of chiral stabilizer and the chirality of NPS, which are identified from chiral molecular status and their collective optical activity, originated from ligand asymmetry.

Poetry, Politics & the Body in Rimbaud: Lyrical Material by Robert St. Clair, and: Arthur Rimbaud by Seth Whidden

Reviewed by: Poetry, Politics & the Body in Rimbaud: Lyrical Material by Robert St. Clair, and: Arthur Rimbaud by Seth Whidden Thomas C. Connolly Robert St. Clair, Poetry, Politics & the Body in Rimbaud: Lyrical Material. Oxford University Press, 2018. 271pp. and Seth Whidden, Arthur Rimbaud. London: Reaktion Books, ‘Critical Lives,’ 2018. 204pp. Robert St. Clair’s brilliant new book Poetry, Politics & the Body in Rimbaud: Lyrical Material, takes as its point of departure a letter—not one of the “lettres du voyant” addressed to Georges Izambard and Paul Demeny, dated May 13 and 15, 1871 respectively, but another—sent to Izambard the previous August, during the Franco-Prussian war. Here, Rimbaud complains: “Ma ville natale est supérieurement idiote entre les petites villes de province” (1). This missive precedes, and to some degree explains, Rim-baud first flight to Paris, which ends almost before it begins with his arrest, brief imprisonment, and a ticket back home. St. Clair calls this Rimbaud’s initial attempt “to make his way in the capital” (1), but it soon becomes clear that the formulation also lends itself—catachrestically—to St. Clair’s book. In Poetry, Politics & the Body, the reader is invited to see how Rim-baud initially “make[s] his way in (. . .) capital.” As such, the book might be considered a highly erudite and persuasive response to Steve Murphy’s remark—made in his landmark Rimbaud et la Commune: microlectures et perspectives (2010)—that “on a généralement minoré la dimension idéologique de l’œuvre” (162). Instead of returning to the more overtly political poems written during and in the immediate aftermath of the Commune, such as “Chant de guerre parisien,” St. Clair seeks to show how Rimbaud’s poems were already ideologically charged—albeit in mostly hidden ways—as early as 1870. Specifically, and most strikingly, St. Clair makes the case that “the nineteenth-century thinker of emancipatory politics, history and indeed embodiment” to whom this early Rimbaud comes closest is Karl Marx, and that, together, the poet and the philosopher are part of “a common discursive, historical, and epistemological ‘ecosystem’ ” (20). As a study of Rimbaud’s verse poems, Poetry, Politics & the Body examines a domain that “remains curiously under-interrogated in English-language scholarship” (13). Each chapter provides an extensive interpretation of a single verse poem, four composed during 1870 and one in the fall of 1871. Of the five poems, only one—whose eponymous smithy challenges a timid Louis XVI to don the red bonnet, offering a transparent allegory for class conflict—might be considered political. They are for the most part “joke poems and parodies, (. . .) sonnets about drinking beer and [End Page 456] eating ham tartines in a bar, (. . .) quatrains about nothing in particular” (15). They are also all texts that trouble—rather than radically contest—rules of French versification, rules that Rimbaud will shatter in the years that follow, culminating with the creation of “Marine” and “Mouvement,” the first examples of “vers libre” ever written in French. But here, St. Clair skillfully demonstrates how even poems from 1870 contain stresses and cracks, formal imperfections that discreetly make the irruption to come little more than a matter of time. Chapter One, “Natural Bodies,” proposes to read one of three poems the fifteen-year-old Rimbaud sent to Théodore de Banville, a leading figure of Parnassian poetry, in May 1870. “Sensation” is a slight poem, consisting of just two quatrains, but in St. Clair’s hands it becomes the pretext to a series of highly intelligent and informative examinations of “the complex historical and poetic moment in which Rimbaud composed the poem” (22). St. Clair’s method consists in “following the unexpected ways in which such texts insistently link themselves to political and literary contexts and intertexts” (15). Specifically, he draws on the importance to the early Rimbaud of Parnassian poetry, arguing that Rimbaud’s brief flirtation with the movement—particularly although not exclusively through the figure of Banville—was not entirely antagonistic or parodic as is commonly presumed. Unlike the young Mallarmé or Théophile Gautier, for instance, Banville was not disconnected from political concerns. From as early as 1846, the poet espoused a “kind of...

Taxes and the Cannabis Business

The legal availability and use of marijuana is on the rise. More than half the states in the country allow its use for medical purposes, eight of which also permit it for recreational purposes. The manufacture, sale, and use of marijuana is largely a cash business because it is still against the federal Controlled Substance Act. Most banks will not allow such businesses to open a bank account as a result. This case addresses the ethical issues faced by a CPA who is asked to accept the client's request to hold back reporting 25% of the cash sales as taxable income, arguing that since it is a cash business no one would be the wiser. The tax accountant does not want to go along with the firm's request as she knows it would be wrong to do so. She values honesty and integrity in tax reporting and is concerned about violating the AICPA rules of professional conduct, especially the acts discreditable rule. In preparation for a meeting with her superiors, the tax accountant considers ways to effectively voice her values by responding to the likely reasons and rationalizations she might encounter. The associate teaching note addresses the stakeholders, how to build a coalition to support her position, and the most powerful and persuasive responses she can make to positively influence her superiors. Excerpt UVA-OB-1256 Giving Voice to Values Sept. 28, 2018 Taxes and the Cannabis Business Cannabis and the Law On January 5, 2018, the Pew Research Center released the results of a survey of the support in America for the legalization of marijuana. About six in ten (61%) Americans said the use of marijuana should be legalized, an increase from 57% one year prior but nearly double what it was in 2000 (31%). As of 2018, 29 states plus the territories of Guam and Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia allowed marijuana use for medical purposes. Eight of these states and Washington, DC, also permitted marijuana use for recreational purposes.

Making a difference to employability through assessment

Students will know some of the benefits and costs of an undergraduate degree. They will be told of the degree 'premium' and that, over a lifetime, they can expect to be better off. A university education will open doors to professions that will seem distant when completing school education. They will anecdotally hear stories about employers expecting a first or upper second. They will also know that some students will never pay back their loans. The reality is that an undergraduate degree can lead to a good job but this is not the case for all students as finding graduate level employment will be very challenging for some. We argue that courses should continually look at ways to enhance the employability of their students.It is understandable that students will see good grades from assessment as the route to a good degree and ultimately to a good job. If assessment can also develop and evidence the skills valued by others, particularly employers, then further benefits are added. There are a number of ways that student employability can be supported, including: careers advice; jobs fairs; visiting speakers and possibly a placement opportunity. We argue that, additionally, assessment can make a difference and with thoughtful design can make an even bigger difference. It is the author's experience that if students are asked what they learnt on their course, they are likely to talk about the outcomes of assessment. If these outcomes also evidence the skills valued by the employer, then this will present a more persuasive response. Assessment is critical for all courses. If assessment can leave the student with outcomes, experience or artefacts that evidence a 'can-do' ability then we argue this must positively impact on employability.

D’Holbach on Self-Esteem, Justice, and Cosmopolitanism

This article argues that the political thought of Paul-Henri Thiry, baron d’Holbach (1723–1789) offers insights relevant for the solution to a problem that recent accounts of cosmopolitanism face: the problem of how our interests could motivate cosmopolitanism. D’Holbach argues that our interest in having justified self-esteem is what can motivate fulfilling duties of justice, including duties of justice across national borders. The article explores how d’Holbach’s normative conception of self-esteem derives from his conception of basic human needs and needs-based natural rights. It is argued that this conception could provide persuasive responses to recent criticisms of cosmopolitanism.