Time Perspective Research Articles

Environmental Attitudes in Children: An Exploratory Study of Their Relationships with Future Perspectives and Values

The present study aims to assess the extent and direction in which future perception and human values are related to environmental attitudes in a sample of children. The participants were 406 Brazilian children, most of them female (56.3 %) with a mean age of 10.23. The results indicated that environmental attitudes of preservation were positively related to all factors of the future perspective scale and the excitement, suprapersonal, existence, interactive, and normative values. The utilization attitudes correlated with the promotion, suprapersonal, existence, interactive, and normative values, but were not significantly correlated with future perspective. The analysis of predictive power showed that optimism towards the future, suprapersonal, normative, and existence values predicted preservation attitudes, while promotion, existence, and interactive values predicted utilization attitudes. The results support the importance of human values and time perspective in environmental attitudes from childhood.

Psychological factors and retirement planning behavior among Chinese university faculty members: The mediating effects of retirement planning intention

ABSTRACT Informed retirement planning impacts the wellbeing of individuals and broader society. However, the current related literature contains a limited understanding of the challenges faced by Chinese university faculty members concerning retirement planning. This study developed a model that combines social cognitive theory (SCT) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to investigate the effect of attitude toward retirement planning, social group support, perceived financial knowledge, and future time perspective on retirement planning intention, as well as the mediating influence of retirement planning intention. Data collection was conducted from 514 faculty members of public universities in China through an online questionnaire survey. The findings indicated that perceived financial knowledge demonstrated the strongest positive influence on retirement planning intention, followed by future time perspective and social group support, with retirement planning intention as a mediator. This research offers implications for policymakers, retirement benefits consultants, and financial institution practitioners. It suggests that implementing financial education workshops and personalized planning services could promote retirement planning behavior.

Orchestration mechanisms in sustainability-oriented innovation: a meta-organization perspective

Purpose This paper aims to investigate how orchestration mechanisms characterizing meta-organizations can support sustainability-oriented innovation (SOI) leveraged by digital transition. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a qualitative approach. The authors collected qualitative data from 41 in-depth interviews with key informants, participatory longitudinal observations and secondary data analysis related to a digital innovation hub (DIH) and its network. Findings The findings reveal how meta-organizations, such as DIHs, advance SOI – considering the potentialities of digital technologies – through four orchestration mechanisms: collaboration platform setup, SOI resource arrangement, SOI process enablement and SOI scale-up. Each mechanism is founded on recurrent SOI practices identified as aligning, assembling and progressing, and each is characterized by specific activities that depend on meta-organizations’ evolutionary purposes related to the stages of the creation process. The activation of mechanisms concerns a process outlining three sequential evolutionary trajectories: for assessing and regulating interaction, for promoting and coordinating collective action and for creating a collective identity. Originality/value This study contributes to meta-organization and orchestration research oriented toward SOI and leveraged by the digital transition, and considers the distinctive orchestration mechanisms and practices required to support SOI leveraged by the digital transition. Differently from previous research on orchestration and meta-organizations, this study considers the time perspective, and thus, the sequentiality of mechanisms (evolutionary trajectories) to achieve the purposes characterizing the stages of meta-organizations’ creation process.

Do coping style and future time perspective relate to surrogate decision-making preparedness? A cross-sectional analysis of heart failure caregivers

Objectives To assess if future time perspective (FTP) moderates the relationship between heart failure (HF) caregiver coping style and preparedness to make a surrogate medical decision. Method Cross-sectional data was analyzed to assess associations among three different coping styles (i.e. avoidance, active, minimizing), FTP, and odds of feeling prepared to make a medical decision on behalf of a loved one with heart failure. Results A total of 231 caregivers were included in analyses. No significant interaction effects emerged among coping style and FTP on odds of feeling prepared to make a surrogate medical decision. Caregiver burden was significantly and inversely related to feeling prepared across each coping style model. Reports of having the provider present for the medical wishes conversation was significantly related to odds of feeling prepared across each coping style model. Conclusion FTP did not appear to moderate the relationship between coping styles and preparedness to make a medical decision on behalf of a loved one with heart failure. Future research should continue to explore possible characteristics that can be targeted to improve feelings of decision-making preparedness among caregivers of loved ones with HF.

Social Exclusion and Consumer Preference for Crowded Shopping Environments: The Moderating Role of Time Perspective

Introduction: This study investigates how social exclusion influences consumer preferences for crowded shopping environments and examines the moderating role of time perspective. Specifically, it explores the mediating role of social connectedness and how present hedonism and fatalism impact these preferences.Methods: Three experimental studies tested the hypotheses. Participants were randomly assigned to social exclusion or inclusion conditions, and their preferences for crowded environments were measured. Time perspective (present hedonism and fatalism) and social connectedness were also assessed.Results: Results show that socially excluded consumers prefer crowded environments to fulfill their social connectedness needs. Present hedonism intensifies this preference, while present fatalism diminishes it. The findings demonstrate the significant role of social exclusion and time perspective in shaping consumer behavior.Practical Implications: These findings provide actionable strategies for retailers to design environments that address the psychological needs of socially excluded consumers. Retailers can use these insights to create targeted marketing strategies, especially in a post-pandemic context, where social interactions are evolving.Originality/Value: This study offers new insights into the psychological mechanisms behind consumer behavior in response to social exclusion. By integrating Belongingness Theory and Time Perspective Theory, it deepens the understanding of how social exclusion drives consumer preferences for crowded environments, highlighting the moderating effects of present hedonism and fatalism

Deep learning-based automated identification on vortex-induced vibration of long suspenders for the suspension bridge

Large amplitude vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of long suspenders, caused by vortex-shedding and wake flow, will decrease the service life of high-strength wires and its anchorage systems, hence listed as an essential monitoring indicator of the structural health monitoring system in the suspension bridges. Traditionally, a static vibration amplitude limitation is usually predefined and used to identify VIV from continuously monitored acceleration data of bridge suspenders. Due to the complexity of the starting vibration of the suspenders, it may not be able to flexibly adapt to the suspenders VIV under different conditions. In addition, transient but significant vibration events may not be captured since it relies only on static vibration amplitude limits without considering the temporal information of vibration. To address the above-mentioned issues, a novel framework to autonomously identify the suspenders VIV is proposed using the multimodal fusion techniques with deep neural networks. The main contributions of the methodology are: i) by calculating the wind field and vibration characteristic, two vibration response parameters are identified as indexes for the identification of suspenders VIV based on the significant difference method of big data analysis; ii) Two different modal information of time history images and power spectral density (PSD) sequences are used as inputs to the convolutional neural network (CNN) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) to extract the suspenders vibration response features from the time and frequency domain perspectives, respectively; and iii) The multimodal information is concentrated and enhanced by the multi-head attention (MHA) mechanism to achieve automated identification of the suspenders VIV. The proposed framework is validated with data collected from a full-scale long-span suspension bridge in comparison with the base model. The results show that the proposed framework can efficiently identify the full-cycle development process of the suspenders VIV. This study provides a convenient strategy for suspenders VIV identification, which can be used for bridge management and vibration mitigation device design.

Occupational future time perspective and mental health problems across adolescence: Random-intercept cross-lagged panel analysis and alternative variations.

Adolescence is a crucial developmental stage characterized by escalating mental health issues as well as an increasing awareness of future career possibilities. Occupational future time perspective has been shown to be a promotive factor for social functioning and mental health, and a component in evidence-based clinical practices and randomized controlled trial intervention studies. However, it requires more rigorous and ecological corroboration from longitudinal analysis at the within-person level. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models with several adjustments and sensitivity analyses were applied to the longitudinal data from the Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood (Zurich, Switzerland), to analyze how occupational future time perspective and psychological/neurodevelopmental outcomes (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms/externalizing/internalizing problems) covaried across ages 13 (N = 1365), 15 (N = 1446), and 17 (N = 1305) in the years 2016, 2018, and 2020, after controlling for sex (52% male), SES, and school type. A small effect was found in a random intercept cross-lagged panel model whereby occupational future time perspective at age 15 predicted externalizing problems at age 17 (β = .146, p = .05, [95% CI = 0.000, 0.292]), and in a random intercept (contemporaneous) reciprocal panel model specification attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms at age 17 were contemporaneously associated with occupational future time perspective at age 17 (β = -.310, p < .05, [95% CI = -0.580, -0.041]). No cross-lagged associations were found to be robust across different model specifications/adjustments. These findings suggest that improving occupational future time perspective may have limited impact on enhancing mental health, offering valuable insights for school-based interventions. Further research and replication are necessary to confirm these results.

Clinical Frailty Scale score is a predictor of short-, mid- and long-term mortality in critically ill older adults (≥ 70years) admitted to the emergency department: an observational study.

The estimated prognos of a patient might influence the expected benefit/risk ratio of different interventions. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score as an independent predictor of short-, mid- and long-term mortality in critically ill older adults (aged ≥ 70) admitted to the emergency department (ED). This is a retrospective, single-center, observational study, involving critically ill older adults, recruited consecutively in an ED. All patients were followed for 6.5-7.5years. The effect of CFS score on mortality was adjusted for the following confounders: age, sex, Charlson's Comorbidity Index, individual comorbidities and vital parameters. All patients (n = 402) were included in the short- and mid-term analyses, while patients discharged alive (n = 302) were included in the long-term analysis. Short-term mortality was analysed with logistic regression, mid- and long-term mortality with log rank test and Cox proportional hazard models. The CFS was treated as a continuous variable in the primary analyses, and as a categorical variable in completing analyses. There was a significant association between mortality at 30days after ED admission and CFS score, adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.07 (1.64-2.62), p < 0.0001. There was a significant association between mortality at one year after ED admission and CFS score, adjusted HR (95% CI) 1.75 (1.53-2.01), p < 0.0001. There was a significant association between mortality 6.5-7.5years after discharge and CFS score, adjusted HR (95% CI) 1.66 (1.46-1.89), p < 0.0001. Adjusted HRs are also reported for long-term mortality, when the CFS was treated as a categorical variable: CFS-score 5 versus 1-4: HR (95% CI) 1.98 (1.27-3.08); 6 versus 1-4: HR (95% CI) 3.60 (2.39-5.44); 7 versus 1-4: HR (95% CI) 3.95 (2.38-6.55); 8-9 versus 1-4: HR (95% CI) 20.08 (9.30-43.38). The completing analyses for short- and mid-term mortality indicated a similar risk-predictive value of the CFS. Clinical frailty scale score was independently associated with all-cause short-, mid- and long-term mortality. A nearly doubled risk of death was observed in frail patients. This information is clinically relevant, since individualised treatment and care planning for older adults should consider risk of death in different time perspectives.

Infographics as a tool for presentation of an organisation in the media space

Infographics are used to display information in a visual form with a graphic component, and have become widespread due to the convergence of the media space, which has transformed the processes of collecting, processing, broadcasting, and, most importantly, presenting information. The purpose of the article is to consider infographics as a media format for self-presentation of an organisation, as a tool for managing its image. The conducted analysis allows us to show a classification of the infographics according to the following criteria: display method, data type, purpose, presentation format, presence of interactivity, and time perspective. The functionality of the infographics is quite wide: these are functions, such as cognitive, analytical, factual, instructive, argumentative, ascertaining, attractive, expressive, aesthetic, identification, decorative, etc. However, some functions are still not sufficiently disclosed. The article examines the function of presenting the infographics in the media space and, based on a rapid survey, shows its importance in terms of informing the audience about the content of the organisation’s activities, revealing the viral potential of the infographics and its impact on the positive perception of the audience. This all points to the possibility of using the infographics as a media format for self-presentation of an organisation in various target communities, as an effective tool for managing image perception.

The relationship between four indicators of future time orientation, criminal thinking style, and illegal behaviors.

Individuals who commit criminal behaviors are often thought to prioritize short-term goals rather than long-term goals (i.e., a present vs. a future time orientation). Though previous theories of crime and empirical research support a relationship among future time orientation, criminal thinking, and illegal behaviors, there is disagreement in the literature about how to operationalize the multidimensional construct of future time orientation. The primary aim of this pre-registered survey study was to measure multiple components of future time orientation to better understand the relationship with criminality-related outcomes. Participants were 248 undergraduate college students. Survey materials included a measure of impulsivity (Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11), self-control (Brief Self-Control Scale), delay discounting (Monetary Choice Questionnaire), and Carstensen's Future Time Perspective Scale. Participants also completed two measures of criminal thinking style (the Texas Christian University Criminal Thinking Scale, the Criminogenic Cognitions Scale) and an illegal behaviors checklist. Bivariate results demonstrated a negative relationship between future time orientation (i.e., low impulsivity, high self-control, high future time perspective) and criminal thinking style. The relationship between delay discounting and criminal thinking was in the hypothesized direction but failed to reach statistical significance. Multiple regression analyses indicated that the measure of self-control had the most consistent and incrementally significant relationship with both criminal thinking style and illegal behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed along with study limitations and future directions.

Forecasting the equity premium: can machine learning beat the historical average?

We empirically predict the equity premium with the selected machine learning methods in Gu et al. (Empirical asset pricing via machine learning. Rev. Financ. Stud., 2020, 33(5), 2223–2273). We also consider four additional popular machine learning methods (ridge regression, support vector regression, k-nearest neighbors, and extreme gradient boosted trees) and their combination method. Using a dataset of both macroeconomic and technical predictors, we find that despite showcasing strong in-sample forecasting abilities, particularly with tree-based models, the out-of-sample results support Welch and Goyal (A comprehensive look at the empirical performance of equity premium prediction. Rev. Financ. Stud., 2008, 21(4), 1455–1508) that the competing forecasting models generally fail to outperform the historical average benchmark. We attribute this failure to the small dataset size and the low signal-to-noise ratio inherent in equity premium prediction. Our variable importance analysis further identifies three bond interest rate-related variables as the most dominant predictors for the equity premium. The economic value from a market timing perspective highlights that the historical average benchmark strategy generates the highest average return of 25.63% and the best Sharpe ratio of 0.8. Finally, our findings are robust across a variety of settings.

Does county urban shrinkage in China affect the concentration of lung-accessible particulate matter? An analysis from spatial effects and EKC perspectives.

The environmental effects of urban shrinkage have gradually attracted academic attention. Based on spatial effects and EKC perspectives, this study constructs an environmental impact assessment framework and examines the impact of urban shrinkage on the concentration of lung-accessible particulate matter at the county level in China from 2013 to 2020. The results show that, from a two-dimensional perspective in space and time, lung-accessible particulate matter concentrations show a decreasing trend in the time series and an obvious autocorrelation feature in space. Urban shrinkage can affect lung-accessible particulate matter concentrations through spatial effects. Through direct effects, urban shrinkage promotes the increase of lung-accessible particulate matter concentrations. Through spillover effects, urban shrinkage suppresses the growth of lung-accessible particulate matter concentrations. The effect of urban shrinkage on lung-accessible particulate matter concentration is nonlinear (EKC). This may be the result of the "siphon effect." Furthermore, in the extended STIRPAT model, it was found that population and economic and technological factors differentially affect lung-accessible particulate matter concentrations in shrinking cities. This study gives a new idea and insight into the changes in environmental pollution in shrinking cities.

The characteristics and associations between trait and state time perspective in adolescents with depression: a questionnaire and sandplay study.

Time perspective is strongly associated with depression. However, the characteristics and associations between trait and state time perspective in adolescents with depression remain unknown. A total of 211 adolescents with depression (mean age: 14.60 ± 1.69 years) and 215 healthy controls (mean age: 14.66 ± 1.73 years) were selected and assessed using the Chinese version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory to quantify their trait time perspective. Thirty adolescents were randomly selected from each group to create nine-grid sandplay productions to assess their state time perspective. (1) Regarding the trait time perspective, depressed adolescents scored significantly higher on past negative, present fatalistic, present impulsive, and deviation-balanced time perspective (p < 0.001) and significantly lower on past positive and future (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. (2) In terms of state time perspective, depressed adolescents showed a significantly higher number of squares related to past negative, present negative, and future negative in their nine-grid sandplay productions compared to the control group (p < 0.01).Conversely, they had significantly fewer squares associated with past positive, present positive, future positive than the control group (p < 0.05). (3) Past negative, present fatalistic, and deviation from balanced time perspective traits were negatively correlated with positive state time perspective and positively correlated with negative state time perspective. Past positive and future traits were positively correlated with positive state time perspective and negatively correlated with negative state time perspective. Adolescents with depression are characterized by dwelling on the past, having a severely negative attitude toward the past, being pessimistic about the future, and having a tendency to blame fate or external forces for their problems. In the future, standardized methods for measuring state time perspective should be further explored, as well as the effectiveness of the nine-grid sandplay, for improving time perspective in patients with depression.

Adsorption and gas sensing properties of Cun, Agn and Rhn (n=1–3) clusters doped with WTe2 for transformer winding deformation fault gases

In order to solve the problem that the initial WTe2 has poor adsorption effect on transformer winding deformation fault gas, this paper uses density functional theory (DFT) to study the adsorption behavior of three target gases (CO, C2H2 and CO2) on the surface of WTe2 substrate doped with three metal clusters: Cun, Agn, and Rhn (n=1–3). By analyzing the adsorption distance, adsorption energy, DCD and DOS of the three systems, the effect of metal cluster doping on the adsorption of fault gas by WTe2 was revealed. The results show that metal cluster doping can effectively improve the conductivity of WTe2 substrate and make its band structure more compact. CO and C2H2 have good adsorption characteristics in the three doping systems, while CO2 can be effectively adsorbed by Rh cluster-doped WTe2. In addition, this article also uses work function and band gap to analyze the effect of gas adsorption on substrate conductivity, and discusses the practical application prospects of the three metal cluster doping systems from the perspectives of recovery time and sensitivity, and achieved good results. This paper provides theoretical guidance for exploring the application prospects of WTe2 substrate in transformer winding deformation fault diagnosis and gas detection.

Strategies for managing corn crop residue in the context of greenhouse gas emissions.

Food production is one of the most important sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, both in primary production and in processing and the logistics chain. The most problematic and risky is the optimization of environmental effects in the stage of primary production. This is due to the significant influence of factors related to climate and soil that are difficult to predict. The scientific literature offers much information on the impact of crop residue management, but the context for assessing the impact of crop residue management in corn production on the carbon footprint is still unclear. The effectiveness of using organic additives like biochar, compost, corn, or straw to maintain soil productivity is well acknowledged. Information about the effects of particular crop residue management strategies on soil carbon sequestration, soil quality, and crop yield in corn cultivation is currently scarce. The research aimed to assess the potential for optimizing corn production through modifications in crop residue management, with a focus on the efficiency indicator being the level of greenhouse gas emissions per functional unit of the product. A 3-year growing experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different corn crop residue management strategies. The modifications of the corn cultivation technology in terms of the crop residue management strategy had a significant impact on the yield of plants and the amount of GHG emissions. The conversion of corn straw to biochar and its introduction into the soil reduced the GHG emissions from corn cultivation per functional unit, despite the energy expenditure related to straw transport and biochar production. From a 3-year time perspective, a beneficial effect of biochar addition on the size of the commercial yield of plants was observed. In variants with biochar and a reduced level of nitrogen fertilization, no reduction in yields was observed. This confirmed the hypothesis that biochar could be a useful material for the production of slow-acting fertilizers.

Moving toward a time‐based and balanced quality of life

AbstractCurrent complex life conditions and changing developmental contexts draw attention to the concept of capabilities, the various combinations of functions a person can do or can be, and the opportunities to achieve them. A future‐oriented time perspective is a dimension along which individuals express meaning‐making of experiences and expectations regarding their lives, a benchmark for the well‐being and satisfaction of the quality of life they experience. Findings from research studies involving adults with disabilities and family members of persons with a disability provide evidence for a time‐based model, an approach tapping into both the concept and measurement of quality of life and balancing both current and expected quality of life.

The results of the study of the relationship between the time perspective and self-actualization of students in conditions of partial mobilization

The phenomena of self-actualization and time perspective are considered as important components in the development of students' personality. The issue of psychological adaptation of young people to life crisis events is actualized. The results of an empirical study of the relationship between the time perspective and self-actualization of students in conditions of partial mobilization are presented.

Explanation of time perspectives in adopting AI service robots under different service settings

This study bridges a gap in AI acceptance literature by integrating Time Perspective Theory with the Technology Acceptance Model by examining how time orientations influence AI acceptance in various service settings. The results show that past-positive, present-hedonistic, and future time perspectives impact individuals' privacy concerns and their recognition of AI's utilitarian and hedonic benefits. Conversely, past-negative and present-fatalistic perspectives show negligible effects. The study highlights distinct patterns in credence versus experience services, with future-oriented and present-hedonistic individuals favoring AI's benefits in hospitals over restaurants, and past-positive individuals valuing hedonic benefits more in restaurant settings. These orientations affect perceived usefulness and ease of use, with privacy concerns significantly influencing ease of use. The findings offer significant theoretical and practical implications, underscoring the nuanced role of time perspectives in AI service robot acceptance across different environments.

Women’s career aspirations: a mechanism of family care work conflict and motivation to continue work

PurposeIn closely knitted eastern societies (e.g. Pakistan), women tend to work for their families, and career is a volunteer choice. The working women often face issues in balancing between these roles and often family pressures influence their work i.e. family care work conflict (FCWC). By valuing the prevalent issue of FCWC, this study aims to identify its relationship with the motivation to continue work (MCW) through mediation of career self-efficacy (CSE) and future time perspectives (FTP).Design/methodology/approachData for the current study are collected from a women sample working in education, health, law firms and banking sector. All in all, 309 completely filled questionnaires were used for analysis purposes.FindingsThe findings of the study reveal that women with high FCWC have low MCW, and CSE partially mediate the relationship. Moreover, FTP moderates the relationship.Originality/valueThe study contributes to literature by considering the mechanism of CSE and FTP between FCWC and MCW. Moreover, a women sample from a closely knitted eastern culture also provides some interesting findings.

Recent Global Trends and Hotspots in Occipitocervical Fusion: A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization Study

Occipitocervical arthrodesis has a variety of indications to treat craniocervical and atlantoaxial pathologies for which a selective cervical fusion would not provide sufficient stability. Over time, the indications for occipitocervical fusions (OCF) have evolved, as new technologies and surgical techniques were developed. In this bibliometric analysis, we aim to explore the progression of OCF literature over time, analyzing the trends in publications and citations, publishing countries and authors, keywords and topics. The Web of Science database was used for data retrieval on July 3rd, 2024, with the search "occipitocervical fusion" OR "occipito-cervical fusion" OR "occipitocervical arthrodesis" OR "occipital cervical fusion" OR "occipital cervical arthrodesis" OR ("OCF" AND "spine surgery"). Excel was used to create the citation analysis and publication trend figures, along with the publishing countries and author analysis. The bibliometric software VosViewer was used to generate the keyword co-occurrence network visualizations. Overall, 762 articles were extracted. The number of pertinent publications and citations increased until 2020 before beginning to decrease. We found that Ehlers Danlos syndrome (EDS) has become a more prevalent topic, as the association between EDS and craniocervical instability has received further scrutiny. "Dysphagia" continues to be a commonly cited topic, while, conversely, rheumatoid arthritis has decreased in publication frequency, possibly related to advances in medical management and surgical techniques. Overall, the United States of America, China, and Japan are the top publishing countries. This analysis of OCF literature provides a helpful overview of emerging trends and clinician concerns, especially as seen through the perspective of time.