Global Perspective Research Articles

Bastašić’s Uhvati Zeca in the Light of the Global Novel Discussion: A Southeastern European Perspective

ABSTRACT Since its publication in 2018, the novel Uhvati zeca (Catch the Rabbit) by Lana Bastašić (Zagreb, 1986) has entered the European and the global market as a novel that problematises the identity of the generation brought up during the Bosnian war (1992–1995), the role of language in the construction of that identity, and the different forms of displacement experienced by the two female protagonists. Along with these thematic traits, Bastašić also establishes a dialogue with Dubravka Ugrešić’s work and the Southeastern European tradition that problematises the linguistic myth constructions, as well as the established ideas of Europeanness and transnationalism, focusing on voices from the margins of the continent. This article analyses Bastašić’s work with the methodological perspective of the global novel discussion and explains the narrative strategies that allow a reflection on identity from both a local and a global perspective: aware of the political implications of the narrative construction of identity, Bastašić novel refuses to adapt to simplified global literary models circulating in the global market and provides a complex view on the narrative strategies of national and European identity building.

Chinese Business Ethics: Global Perspectives and Local Reconfiguration

This review examines the book "Chinese Business Ethics: Global Perspectives and Local Reconfiguration" (in Chinese 中国商业伦理学：全球视野与本土重构), edited by Lü Li, Huang Haixiao, et al., which offers a pioneering exploration of business ethics through the lens of Chinese philosophical traditions and global frameworks. The book addresses the dominance of Western theories in Chinese business ethics education and proposes a localized perspective by integrating Confucian, Daoist, and other indigenous ethical principles. Through seven thematic chapters, the authors analyze topics such as marketing, human resource management, accounting, sustainability, and entrepreneurship, providing theoretical insights and practical applications. Enriched with vivid case studies, this work bridges the gap between historical traditions and contemporary business challenges, offering a model of ethical decision-making that is both culturally rooted and globally resonant. This review highlights the contributions of the book to the field of business ethics and its potential to inspire future scholarship and practice.

Educational Equity from A Global Perspective: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Educational Systems

In the context of deepening globalization, educational equity, as an important cornerstone of social progress and national development, has attracted wide attention from countries around the world. With the title of "Educational Equity from a Global Perspective: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Educational Systems", this paper aims to explore different approaches to educational equity and their effects by comparing the two educational systems. With the support of national policies, China's education system has experienced rapid development and change. The Chinese government has long been committed to the strategy of "rejuvenating the country through science and education", which has not only greatly improved the popularization of basic education, but also made remarkable progress in the field of higher education. At the same time, measures such as the poverty alleviation policy and distance education platform for poor areas have effectively narrowed the gap in educational resources between urban and rural areas and between regions, reflecting the government's great importance and active practice of education equity. In contrast, the American education system is characterized by decentralized management, coexistence of private and public schools, and emphasis on multicultural and innovative entrepreneurship education. In promoting educational equity, the United States strives to provide equal educational opportunities for students from different backgrounds through special education programs and social participation. However, school district choice and school district housing issues are still one of the important factors affecting educational equity. Through the comparative analysis of the policy orientation and actual results of educational equity in the two educational systems, this study finds that although China and the United States have different national conditions, there are many common points in the pursuit of educational equity. In the future, the two countries can strengthen international exchanges and cooperation, learn from each other's advantages, jointly optimize the education system, further enhance the equity of education, and contribute to the development of global education.

Advancing Global Perspectives: Bridging Sustainability, Innovation, and Cultural Ethics in Management

This issue explores the dynamic interplay between sustainability, innovation, and cultural ethics in management. The issue features four diverse contributions that address pressing challenges in management, including the integration of gender-sensitive leadership, the balance of cultural preservation and economic sustainability in ethnic minority settlements, the impact of green human resource management practices on environmental performance in developing countries, and the reconfiguration of business ethics from a Chinese perspective. Together, these articles exemplify the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and contextualized solutions in advancing global management research. By drawing on case studies, empirical analyses, and theoretical frameworks, this issue provides actionable insights for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to foster sustainable and inclusive management practices.

Genetic structure and diversity of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae based on a MLVA typing scheme

BackgroundSeveral epidemiological studies have been carried out using Multiple-Locus Variable-number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA) for M. hyopneumoniae typing. However, a global perspective on the implications of the genetic diversity of this pathogen is lacking.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine and to analyze the genetic structure of M. hyopneumoniae based on the p97R1-p146R3 MLVA typing scheme and to characterize, analyze and compare MLVA types among countries where the information was publicly available.MethodsA set of 797 publicly available data of M. hyopneumoniaep97R1-p146R3 MLVA genetic types from six different countries were analyzed using Genalex 6.41 software to characterize loci polymorphism and using Structure 2.3.4 software in order to identify the genetic structure.ResultsA total of 185 MLVA types were identified among the analyzed data. For the p97R1 and p146R3 loci, most of the molecular variation in M. hyopneumoniae populations was identified within countries. Three genetic clusters and their recombinations were identified globally.ConclusionM. hyopneumoniae is a genetically diverse pathogen with limited clonality and three well-defined clusters and their combinations were identified in this investigation. The greatest genetic variation of M. hyopneumoniae was observed within countries.

Perspectives on Global Competency Development in Shanghai International Schools: A Qualitative Study of Parents and Teachers

The research delves into how parents and educators in Shanghais schools view the promotion of global competencies in the context of globalization and cross-cultural education practices through qualitative approaches such as semi-formal interviews to explore expectations concerning curriculum structure and teaching strategies that aid students, in acquiring global skills. The results show that parents often prioritize success and tangible results when it comes to international education for their children as a means to secure spots in prestigious universities and lucrative career paths; on the other hand, teachers prefer a more comprehensive method focusing on fostering critical thinking skills and adaptability along with promoting intercultural awareness to shape well-rounded individuals with a global perspective. This research underscores the importance of creating a rounded curriculum that integrates academic challenges, with hands-on learning experiences to address both educational and personal growth objectives. The study constraints involve the extent of the research and the size of the sample which implies that future investigations should delve into how educational practices affect competence development over time and the role of family involvement, in international education

Reforming ESG: a European and Global South perspective

Abstract The EU's non-financial reporting (NFR) regulations have significant impacts on Global South stakeholders, firms that must report, actors lower in the value chain, and organisations seeking investment from NFR-compliant firms or institutions. This paper sets forth six proposals to improve the global equity and sustainability implications of the EU's NFR from a Global South perspective. The proposals involve (1) developing regulation cooperatively with the Global South; (2) streamlining reporting to enable the regulations to have real effects and limit incorrect accounting; (3) digitalising reporting through accessible technologies for greater accountability and lower administrative burdens; (4) mandating scope 3 emissions accounting and incentivising related investment; (5) anchoring financial institutions' role in ethical investment and bridging Northern and Southern actors; and (6) strengthening citizen data and sustainability literacy to close the circle of incentives, implementation, and impact.

The effect of a unit prepared with a global history approach on the academic success of high school students: The example of the unit on Türkiye and the World during World War II

The global history approach emerged as a method for understanding the interactions and connections that have shaped the modern world, preventing fragmentation and providing a specific perspective on world-building. In this study, the global history approach, which has rapidly developed within the discipline of history and has become widespread not only in the United States but also in Europe and Asia, was examined and its effect on the academic achievement of high school students was analysed. This research, in which a quasi-experimental design was used, was limited to a total of 6 lesson hours for 3 weeks, taking into account the acquisitions of the unit. While the unit reflecting the global history perspective was applied to the students in the experimental group, the unit in the current history curriculum was presented to the students in the control group. High school 12th grade students, who were thought to be suitable for the subject and purpose of the study, were determined as the study group. In this context, the 5th unit of the Turkish Revolution History and Kemalism textbook, ‘Türkiye and the World in the World War II Process’ unit, and three different public schools, namely vocational and technical Anatolian High School, Anatolian High School and Anatolian Imam Hatip High School in İpekyolu district of Van province, were selected as schools. In the study, achievement test was applied to the students in both experimental and control groups as pre-test and post-test. The achievement test, consisting of 30 questions in total, was selected from the questions related to the research topic between 1998 and 2022 by ÖSYM. As a result of the research, it was determined that the history unit prepared with the global history approach had a significant and positive effect on the academic achievement of high school students.

Patriotism and national identity in Uzbek female students abroad

In an increasingly globalized world, the tension between global citizenship and national identity has garnered significant academic interest. For Uzbek female students studying abroad, the intersection of national identity and international education presents unique challenges and opportunities. This study explores how participation in international programs influences the national identity and patriotic sentiments of these students, who are often seen as cultural custodians within Uzbek society. Drawing on theories of cultural identity, globalization, and educational sociology, this research examines how Uzbek female students navigate their sense of patriotism while engaging with diverse cultural environments abroad. Through a mixed-methods approach involving surveys and interviews, the study reveals that, despite challenges of cultural dislocation and identity negotiation, most students retain a strong connection to their homeland, with a clear intention to return and contribute to Uzbekistan’s development. The findings highlight the dual role of social media as both a bridge to home and a source of global perspectives, shaping students' perceptions of national and global identities. The study concludes with policy recommendations for educational institutions and policymakers to foster environments that strengthen national identity and promote a sense of responsibility toward Uzbekistan, ensuring that international education supports the cultivation of globally aware yet culturally rooted future leaders. Additionally, recommendations are given to Uzbek female students studying abroad to help them maintain their cultural identity, adapt effectively to new environments, and leverage their international experiences for the benefit of Uzbekistan upon their return.

Peruvian medical residency selection: a portrayal of scores, distribution, and predictors of 28,872 applicants between 2019 and 2023

BackgroundResidency selection is crucial for enhancing the healthcare workforce. Most research on this topic arises from the global north, leaving a gap from the global south perspective. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate factors associated with the Peruvian National Residency Examination (ENARM) in Peruvian applicants.MethodsA repeated cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using data from applicants to the Peruvian ENARM from 2019 to 2023. The data were sourced from the National Council of Medical Residency’s webpage and analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear mixed-effect models.ResultsThe final population consisted of 28,872 (95.06%) of applicants between 2019 and 2023. The mean ENARM score was 11.69, with a pass rate of 61.6% if a standard setting was set at 11. The highest scores were seen in those who achieved scores above 13 in the ENAM and received honors in medical school, while the lowest in those who applied in the captive modality and did not take the ENAM. Most applicants were concentrated in Lima and applied to Surgery, Pediatrics, and Obstetric-Gynecology. The ENAM score was positively associated with the ENARM in the mixed model when adjusting for receiving, year, setting of application, modality, and application specialty.ConclusionsENAM scores and honors in medical school were most associated with ENARM; hypothetically, 4 out of 10 applicants would fail the ENARM. Moreover, we portrayed the disparities in Peruvian medical education that point toward the quality of medical education, its centralization in the Peruvian capital, and the power dynamics between specialties.

Global perspectives in acute and emergency general surgery in low and middle-income countries: a WSES project protocol for scoping review on global surgery

BackgroundAround five billion people globally lack access to safe, timely, and affordable surgical facilities and care in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Global initiatives have been launched, including efforts led by organizations. Also, regional efforts have shed light on the unique challenges faced by different areas within LMICs. Despite these efforts, many countries still face significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, limited availability of trained surgical personnel, lack of essential medical equipment, and insufficient financial resources allocated to healthcare and their related possible factors. Here is that we aim to identify the progress made in areas such as capacity building, training programs, infrastructure development, and policy reforms, as well as highlight the gaps that persist, providing a foundation for future research. Such a comprehensive scoping review will be crucial to enhance surgical care services and ultimately improve health outcomes in LMICs.MethodsA comprehensive literature search up to November 2024 will be conducted across six major databases. PubMed, Scopus, Ovoid, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) database. The methodology will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist. The first version of this project will not include a quality appraisal.

Biotechnology for Global Sustainability: Innovations, Applications, and Challenges

Biotechnology, from a global perspective, involves applying biological systems, organisms, or derivatives to develop innovative products and processes that address global challenges and enhance the quality of life. As an interdisciplinary field bridging biology, technology, and engineering, biotechnology significantly impacts critical sectors, including healthcare, agriculture, environmental management, and industrial processes. In healthcare, biotechnology drives advancements in vaccines, gene therapy, personalized medicine, and diagnostic tools, improving disease prevention and treatment. Agricultural biotechnology focuses on developing genetically modified (GM) crops with higher yields, resistance to pests, and adaptability to climate change, ensuring food security. Additionally, it enhances livestock breeding and productivity. Environmental applications of biotechnology include bioremediation to combat pollution, development of biofuels to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and creation of biodegradable materials to mitigate waste. In industrial processes, biotechnology optimizes manufacturing efficiency through the use of enzymes and microorganisms, contributing to sustainable production. Globally, biotechnology addresses pressing challenges like food insecurity, climate change, health inequality, and environmental degradation. Its role in sustainable development is critical, fostering eco-friendly solutions and improving the resilience of economies and societies. However, the field raises ethical and regulatory concerns, such as the risks of genetic engineering and the equitable distribution of benefits. International collaboration among governments, industries, and scientists is essential to ensure responsible innovation and maximize biotechnology’s potential to improve global well-being. As a transformative science, biotechnology continues to shape the future, balancing innovation with sustainability and equity.

The Nexus Between Technological Innovations, Foreign Direct Investment, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Global Perspective

The Nexus Between Technological Innovations, Foreign Direct Investment, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Global Perspective

Addressing the Resurgence of Measles: A Global and Pakistani Perspective

Addressing the Resurgence of Measles: A Global and Pakistani Perspective

Intervention Programmes for First-Episode Psychosis: A Scoping Review

The aim of this scoping review was to map intervention programmes for first-episode psychosis by identifying their characteristics, participants, and specific contexts of implementation. It seems reasonable to suggest that early intervention may be beneficial in improving recovery outcomes and reducing the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP). Despite the expansion of these programmes, there are still some significant variations and barriers to access that need to be addressed. In line with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and the Participants, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework, this review encompasses studies focusing on individuals grappling with early-stage psychosis and their caregivers across a range of settings, including hospital and community environments. The review identified 47 studies from 2002 to 2023, which revealed a great deal of diversity in programme characteristics and implementation contexts. This reflects a global perspective. The results showed that there is a great deal of variety in the characteristics of the programmes, with interventions ranging from single-component strategies, such as cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) and cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), to multicomponent programmes that integrate a number of different approaches, including psychosocial, pharmacological, and family-focused strategies. The objectives included attempts to improve cognitive functioning; enhance coping skills; reduce caregiver burden; and address symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and hallucinations. It is notable that there was considerable variation in the frequency, duration, and follow-up periods of the interventions, with some lasting just three sessions over one month and others spanning five years and 48 sessions. The majority of the programmes were delivered in community or outpatient settings, although there were also examples of hospital- and home-based interventions. These findings highlight the value of early interventions and provide a useful resource for adapting programmes to different social and cultural contexts. It would be beneficial for future research to explore how these interventions can be tailored to diverse settings.

Sustainable Forestry Approaches for Combating Invasive Species: A Global Perspective

Sustainable Forestry Approaches for Combating Invasive Species: A Global Perspective

Exploring transversal competencies in engineering students through international experiences

Well-rounded professionals must have competencies that adapt their expertise to contribute to future advancements. Beyond technical prowess, skills such as critical thinking, teamwork, communication, leadership, management, and entrepreneurship are essential for the modern workforce and solving twenty-first-century problems. Lifelong learning is a fundamental educational principle that prepares individuals to acquire knowledge and skills at any stage. With this interest in mind, higher education institutions pursue abroad study programs to involve students in different learning opportunities. Stepping outside familiar environments immerses individuals in new challenges, fostering a rich learning experience that promotes the development of critical competencies shaped by a global perspective. This research analyzes the competencies students developed according to their educational model and during their experience abroad. Data were collected through a 43-question semi-structured interview with 13 undergraduate engineering students experiencing an abroad study program. Participants conducted a personal assessment to reflect on their enhancement of competencies through personal and academic performance. The analyzed competencies correlate to those defined in the Tec21 Educational Model, a model designed by Tecnologico de Monterrey in 2019, in which the participants of this research are enrolled. The model defines seven competencies that every degree must develop: self-knowledge and management, innovative entrepreneurship, social intelligence, ethical and civic engagement, reasoning for complexity, communication, and digital transformation. Results indicate that the participants mainly developed competencies in reasoning for complexity, social intelligence, and communication. Such skills are essential for tackling global challenges, as they demonstrate the ability to generate creative solutions, communicate ideas effectively, and foster meaningful collaboration. Conversely, the competencies of digital transformation and ethical and civic engagement were less developed. These findings suggest areas for improvement within the Tec21 model, emphasizing the need to cultivate individuals aware of their societal impact and proficient in applying technological tools effectively.

Cultural Diplomacy and Informal Artistic Relations in china in the 20th Century: A Global Perspective

Cultural Diplomacy and Informal Artistic Relations in china in the 20th Century: A Global Perspective

A web-based tool for cancer risk prediction for middle-aged and elderly adults using machine learning algorithms and self-reported questions.

From a global perspective, China is one of the countries with higher incidence and mortality rates for cancer. Our objective is to create an online cancer risk prediction tool for middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults by leveraging machine learning algorithms and self-reported data. Drawing from a cohort of 19,798 participants aged 45 and above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011 - 2018), we employed nine machine learning algorithms (LR: Logistic Regression, Adaboost: Adaptive Boosting, SVM: Support Vector Machine, RF: Random Forest, GNB: Gaussian Naive Bayes, GBM: Gradient Boosting Machine, LGBM: Light Gradient Boosting Machine, XGBoost: eXtreme Gradient Boosting, KNN: K - Nearest Neighbors), which are mainly used for classification and regression tasks, to construct predictive models for various cancers. Utilizing non-invasive self-reported predictors encompassing demographic, educational, marital, lifestyle, health history, and other factors, we focused on predicting "Cancer or Malignant Tumour" outcomes. The types of cancers that can be predicted mainly include lung cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, and other rare cancers. The developed tool, MyCancerRisk, demonstrated significant performance, with the Random Forest algorithm achieving an AUC of 0.75 and ACC of 0.99 using self-reported variables. Key predictors identified include age, self-rated health, sleep patterns, household heating sources, childhood health status, living conditions, and smoking habits. MyCancerRisk aims to serve as a preventative screening tool, encouraging individuals to undergo testing and adopt healthier behaviours to mitigate the public health impact of cancer. Our study also sheds light on unconventional predictors, such as housing conditions, offering valuable insights for refining cancer prediction models.

Global perspectives and hotspots of VEGF signaling pathway in liver disease from 2008 to 2023: A bibliometric analysis and visualization.

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway is closely related to pathological angiogenesis in liver disease. Anti-angiogenesis is an effective intervention in the clinical treatment of liver disease. Some antiangiogenic drugs are resistant and have limitations in clinical use. This research uses bibliometric methods to assess the literature on the VEGF signaling pathway in liver disease from 2008 to 2023. The number of publications has generally increased over the past 16 years, meaning that enormous researchers are interested in this field. China and the USA have published the most articles and cooperate closely with each other. Plos one has published the largest number of articles in this area, and Hepatology and Journal of Hepatology is the most authoritative journal. Llovet JM is an outstanding researcher in the field with the highest citations. Keywords and research hotspots analysis indicated that researchers are very concerned about the application and clinical research status of anti-angiogenic drugs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Continuing to deepen the research on the use of anti-angiogenic drugs alone and in combination is necessary. In addition, the resistance of anti-angiogenic therapeutic drugs leads to a complex mechanism of angiogenesis response caused by hypoxia, which requires further research. This study analyzed the research situation related to the VEGF signaling pathway in liver disease from a bibliometric and visual perspective. Our analysis helps researchers better understand the research directions and hotspots in this area, enabling them to better carry out research in the future.