Clinician Perspectives Research Articles

Exploring the role of artificial intelligence, large language models: Comparing patient-focused information and clinical decision support capabilities to the gynecologic oncology guidelines.

Gynecologic cancer requires personalized care to improve outcomes. Large language models (LLMs) hold the potential to provide intelligent question-answering with reliable information about medical queries in clear and plain English, which can be understood by both healthcare providers and patients. We aimed to evaluate two freely available LLMs (ChatGPT and Google's Bard) in answering questions regarding the management of gynecologic cancer. The LLMs' performances were evaluated by developing a set questions that addressed common gynecologic oncologic findings from a patient's perspective and more complex questions to elicit recommendations from a clinician's perspective. Each question was presented to the LLM interface, and the responses generated by the artificial intelligence (AI) model were recorded. The responses were assessed based on the adherence to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and European Society of Gynecological Oncology guidelines. This evaluation aimed to determine the accuracy and appropriateness of the information provided by LLMs. We showed that the models provided largely appropriate responses to questions regarding common cervical cancer screening tests and BRCA-related questions. Less useful answers were received to complex and controversial gynecologic oncology cases, as assessed by reviewing the common guidelines. ChatGPT and Bard lacked knowledge of regional guideline variations, However, it provided practical and multifaceted advice to patients and caregivers regarding the next steps of management and follow up. We conclude that LLMs may have a role as an adjunct informational tool to improve outcomes.

“A lightbulb moment all the way through” – An exploration into participant experiences of a novel Group Formulation Programme

ObjectivesDespite its centrality to clinical psychology, research regarding psychological formulation has primarily focused on the perspectives of clinicians and researchers. ‘Bottom-up’ research into client experiences remains in its infancy. This study aimed to explore participants’ experience and understanding of their formulations before and after completing a group intervention designed to increase self-awareness and comprehension of personal formulations. MethodsReflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) was used to analyse data and develop themes summarising essential experiences. Twenty-one adults attending two streams of a novel Group Formulation Programme participated in semi-structured interviews pre-programme, with fifteen taking part post-programme. The groups comprised 8 and 12 sessions between May 2022 and January 2023. Analysis produced five overarching themes across Pre/Post-Programme: Understanding, Coping, Self, Journey, and The Group. Analysis of pre-data produced four themes: 1) Challenging Life Experiences, 2) The Cyclical Nature of Coping, 3) At an Impasse, and 4) Fractured Self. Post-intervention data produced four themes: 1) New Understandings, 2) Repairing the Relationship with Self, 3) Peaks, Valleys, and the Road Ahead, and 4) Group Experience. ResultsResults indicated that pre-intervention, participants had a good understanding of potential factors contributing to their difficulties but reported confusion around coping and self-relating, which impacted psychological and psychosocial functioning. Post-intervention, participants reported an increased sense of how past and present related to difficulties and decreased self-blame. ConclusionsParticipants noted benefits in line with other research in this area but also noted challenges associated with formulation, including feelings of overwhelm and grief.

A qualitative study investigating the experiences of unmet social needs for children with cerebral palsy and their families: perspectives of parents and clinicians

Purpose To explore (i) the impact of unmet social needs on children with cerebral palsy and their families; (ii) enablers-, and (iii) barriers to addressing unmet social needs. Material and methods Eligible participants attended or worked at one of the three Paediatric Rehabilitation Departments including: children with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy; parents/carers; and clinicians. One-on-one interviews were conducted with parents/carers and focus groups with clinicians. Interview and focus group transcripts were deductively thematically analysed according to the social model of disability. Results A total of 44 participants (8 parents and 36 clinicians) took part. No children consented to participate. Analysis of the qualitative data identified four main themes and 14 sub-themes. The main themes were: Unmet social needs are pervasive; An inequitable health system with no roadmap; Everyone suffers as a result of unmet social needs; and It takes a village to raise a child. Conclusion Unmet social needs have profound impacts on families. The experiences of unmet social needs are intensified by the extra complexities of raising a child with disability. Societal barriers including inequitable systems and the fragmented services are barriers impeding on families receiving support and ultimately limiting their wellbeing.

Evaluation of telehealth in delivering diagnostic developmental assessments for children in South Western Sydney during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinician and family perspectives.

Children with neuro-developmental disorders faced significant challenges in accessing services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth has been adopted by health services globally to facilitate access to clinical services. Our aims were to evaluate the utility of the telehealth modality for providing developmental assessment services and explore enablers and barriers to using telehealth, in a culturally diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged population in Sydney. We reviewed telehealth developmental assessments in South Western Sydney conducted between 1 April and 30 June 2020. Data were collated on demographics; telehealth modality; diagnostic formulation; recommendations; and requested follow up. We conducted retrospective semi-structured telephone interviews with 79 families and 11 clinicians about their telehealth experience. Thematic analysis was carried out on the open text responses. Of 205 children assessed across six sites, median age was 48 months; 45% were assessed with video and 55% with telephone only. Diagnostic formulation and therapeutic recommendations were provided for 203 (99%) children and 138 (67%) were asked to come for face-to-face follow-up. The majority of families (76%) were satisfied or extremely satisfied with telehealth. Median clinician satisfaction was 3.5 out of 5, whilst clinician confidence with diagnostic formulation was 4 out of 5. Qualitative data revealed a range of barriers and enablers. Telehealth was a successful modality for contributing to the assessment journey for children with neuro-developmental disorders in our culturally, linguistically and socioeconomically diverse clinical population in the context of a pandemic lockdown. We discuss the potential for telehealth modalities in child developmental assessments beyond the pandemic.

Potential US Health Care Savings Based on Clinician Views of Feasible Site-of-Care Shifts

Shifting care to alternative sites when clinically appropriate may be associated with reduced US health care spending, improved access, and, in some cases, improved care outcomes. To fill 2 main gaps in the current literature on site-of-care shifts: (1) understanding the clinician perspective on appropriateness of alternative care sites, given the central role they play in referrals and patient trust and (2) considering all potential sites where care could shift and calculating net savings potential. In this survey study, physicians (MDs and DOs), nurse practitioners, physician assistants, nurse anesthetists, radiology and imaging technicians, and psychologists were surveyed from September 17 to November 22, 2021, about potential shifts of care from the hospital setting to alternative sites. Participants were selected by the survey firm Intellisurvey to provide broad representation across all specialties of interest. A minimum of 34 clinicians responded to each question. Data were analyzed from April 2022 through October 2023. More than 5000 individual diagnostic and procedural codes were reviewed and sorted into 312 distinct care activities by an expert panel of physicians. Survey respondents were then provided with the 2019 claims-based distribution across sites of care for each care activity and were asked, "based on your clinical judgment, what portion of [care activity] could safely occur in each of the following sites of care, without compromising clinical outcomes?" Based on clinician-reported distributions, the total potential shift of volume from hospital-based settings to alternative sites and the associated net savings were estimated. Survey respondents included 1069 practicing clinicians (386 female [36.1%]; mean [SD] years since residency of physicians, 21.0 [9.7] years; mean [SD] age of nonphysicians, 45.3 [9.4] years) across specialties, all of whom practiced more than 20 clinical hours per week. There were 794 physicians (74.3%), and the remaining 275 respondents were midlevel professionals, such as physician assistants. Among 312 care activities surveyed, respondents indicated that 10.3 percentage points (95% CI, 10.0-10.5 percentage points) of commercial and 10.9 percentage points (95% CI, 10.7-11.1 percentage points) of Medicare volume currently taking place in hospital-based settings could shift to alternative sites with today's technology without compromising clinical outcomes. Across the entire US health care system, these shifts could be associated with a reduction in overall health care consumption spending ($3 562 339 000 000 000) by approximately $113.8 billion ($113 767 446 087 174 [3.2%]) to $147.7 billion ($147 661 672 284 263 [4.1%]) annually. In this study, a substantial net savings opportunity was estimated. However, realizing this potential will require ongoing alignment among organizations, clinicians, and policymakers to overcome barriers to these shifts.

Factors critical for the successful delivery of telehealth to rural populations: a descriptive qualitative study

BackgroundThe use of telehealth has proliferated to the point of being a common and accepted method of healthcare service delivery. Due to the rapidity of telehealth implementation, the evidence underpinning this approach to healthcare delivery is lagging, particularly when considering the uniqueness of some service users, such as those in rural areas. This research aimed to address the current gap in knowledge related to the factors critical for the successful delivery of telehealth to rural populations.MethodsThis research used a qualitative descriptive design to explore telehealth service provision in rural areas from the perspective of clinicians and describe factors critical to the effective delivery of telehealth in rural contexts. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians from allied health and nursing backgrounds working in child and family nursing, allied health services, and mental health services. A manifest content analysis was undertaken using the Framework approach.ResultsSixteen health professionals from nursing, clinical psychology, and social work were interviewed. Participants mostly identified as female (88%) and ranged in age from 26 to 65 years with a mean age of 47 years. Three overarching themes were identified: (1) Navigating the role of telehealth to support rural healthcare; (2) Preparing clinicians to engage in telehealth service delivery; and (3) Appreciating the complexities of telehealth implementation across services and environments.ConclusionsThis research suggests that successful delivery of telehealth to rural populations requires consideration of the context in which telehealth services are being delivered, particularly in rural and remote communities where there are challenges with resourcing and training to support health professionals. Rural populations, like all communities, need choice in healthcare service delivery and models to increase accessibility. Preparation and specific, intentional training for health professionals on how to transition to and maintain telehealth services is a critical factor for delivery of telehealth to rural populations. Future research should further investigate the training and supports required for telehealth service provision, including who, when and what training will equip health professionals with the appropriate skill set to deliver rural telehealth services.

An Evaluation of an Australian Pediatric Neuromuscular Transition Model

BackgroundAfter receiving a diagnosis of a neuromuscular condition, patients have to make their way through a convoluted network of community and state resources as health care shifts from being family and child centered to adult focused. This study examined the barriers to successful transition from patient and clinician perspectives. MethodsAdolescents with a primary diagnosis of a neuromuscular condition who were aged 16 years and over in Queensland, Australia, and who had started the transition process were eligible. Surveys were collected over six months and statistics used to characterize survey responses. ResultsThere was a high degree of anxiety reported about the transition, with almost 50% of patients and families surveyed reporting concerns about moving across to the adult hospital system. The main barriers to effective transition identified by clinicians were limited time (84%), clinic space (58%), and a lack of an identified transition coordinator (79%). ConclusionsThis study has provided a checklist to assist patients with neuromuscular disorders in transitioning from pediatric to adult care. A new model has been developed to enable a slow, personalized transition that is led by a multidisciplinary team.

Clinician Perspectives on the Implementation of the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment–BIG® Program

Abstract Date Presented 03/22/24 Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT)–BIG® clinicians provided feedback on their execution of the program, identifying high-frequency visits and high patient payment burden as barriers. Further research is needed to explore the differences in implementation. Primary Author and Speaker: Leah Botkin Contributing Authors: Rachel Proffitt

Engaging women in decision-making about their heart health: a literature review with patients' perspective.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death globally. Although the burden of CVD risk factors tends to be lower in women, they remain at higher risk of developing complications when affected by these risk factors. There is still a lack of awareness surrounding CVD in women, both from a patient's and a clinician's perspective, especially among visible minorities. However, women who are informed about their heart health and who engage in decision-making with their healthcare providers are more likely to modify their lifestyle, and improve their CVD risk. A patient-centered care approach benefits patients' physical and mental health, and is now considered gold-standard for efficient patient care. Engaging women in their heart health will contribute in closing the gap of healthcare disparities between men and women, arising from sociocultural, socioeconomic, and political factors. This comprehensive review of the literature discusses the importance of engaging women in decision-making surrounding their heart health and offers tools for an effective and culturally sensitive patient-provider relationship.

Eliciting Clinician Perspectives on Asymptomatic Bacteriuria to Identify Targets for Antimicrobial Stewardship Education and Decision Support.

The aim of this study was to elicit clinicians' perspectives to help reduce antibiotic prescribing for asymptomatic bacteriuria and improve a patient-centered educational brochure for older adults with urinary tract infections or asymptomatic bacteriuria. Between October 2023 and April 2024, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews of clinicians who treat patients aged ≥65 years for urinary tract infections or bacteria in the urine, at infectious disease clinics, community senior living facilities, memory care clinics, and general practice. We developed an interview guide based on a behavior change framework and thematically analyzed written transcripts of audio-recorded interviews using inductive and deductive coding techniques. We identified several common themes surrounding management of asymptomatic bacteriuria from clinicians. These included an emphasis on ordering and interpreting urine tests, tension between guidelines and individual patient care for older adults, use of epidemiologic data to influence prescribing practices, pre-prepared communication talking points, and interest in educational materials for patients and clinical teams. Education about the need for symptoms to supplement urine testing, data about the impact of overuse of antibiotics, and oral and written communication strategies should be addressed to reduce antibiotic prescribing for asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Clinician perspectives on how change occurs in multi-family therapy for adolescent anorexia nervosa: a qualitative study

BackgroundMulti-family Therapy (MFT) is being increasingly used in specialist eating disorder services internationally. Despite evidence of its efficacy, little is understood about the treatment mechanisms and what specifically promotes change. This study aimed to understand clinician perspectives on how change occurs during MFT.MethodsClinicians with (a) 5 or more years’ experience facilitating MFT and (b) who had facilitated a minimum of two MFT groups were eligible for this study. Two individual interviews and four semi-structured focus groups were conducted online. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsTwelve clinicians (five systemic/family psychotherapists, five clinical psychologists, and two consultant child and adolescent psychiatrists) from six different specialist services in the UK participated. Four main inter-connected themes describing how change is perceived to occur were generated; (1) Intensity and immediacy, (2) Flexibility, (3) New ideas and channels of learning and (4) Containment.ConclusionsCurrent data matches closely with young person and parent experiences of MFT and intensive day treatment and how they perceive change to occur. Quantitative data are now needed to evaluate the impact of these factors on outcome.Plain English SummaryMulti-family Therapy (MFT) is being increasingly used in specialist eating disorder services internationally. While there is evidence that it is helpful, little is understood about how the treatment works and what specifically promotes change. This study aimed to understand how clinician believe change to occur during MFT for young people and their family members. Clinicians with (a) five or more years’ experience facilitating MFT and (b) who had facilitated a minimum of two MFT groups were eligible for this study. Two individual interviews and four semi-structured focus groups were conducted online. Recordings were written out word-for-word and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, a commonly used method for analysing this type of data. Twelve clinicians (five systemic/family psychotherapists, five clinical psychologists, and two consultant child and adolescent psychiatrists) from six different specialist services in the UK participated. Four related themes describing how change is perceived to occur were generated; (1) Intensity and immediacy, (2) Flexibility, (3) New ideas and channels of learning and (4) Containment. Current data matches closely with young person and parent experiences of MFT and intensive day treatment and how they perceive change to occur. These factors now need to be tested in future research.

Clinician Perspectives on Continuous Monitor Use in a Children's Hospital: A Qualitative Study.

Variation in continuous cardiopulmonary monitor (cCPM) use across children's hospitals suggests preference-based use. We sought to understand how clinical providers make decisions to use cCPMs. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structed interviews with clinicians (nurses, respiratory therapists [RTs], and resident and attending physicians) from 2 hospital medicine units at a children's hospital. The interview guide employed patient cases and open-ended prompts to elicit information about workflows and decision-making related to cCPM, and we collected basic demographic information about participants. We used an inductive approach following thematic analysis to code transcripts and create themes. We interviewed 5 nurses, 5 RTs, 7 residents, and 7 attending physicians. We discovered that clinicians perceive a low threshold for starting cCPM, and this often occurred as a default action at admission. Clinicians thought of cCPMs as helping them cope with uncertainty. Despite acknowledging considerable flaws in how cCPMs were used, they were perceived as a low-risk intervention. Although RNs and RTs were most aware of the patient's current condition and number of alarms, physicians decided when to discontinue monitors. No structured process for identifying when to discontinue monitors existed. We concluded that nurses, physicians, and RTs often default to cCPM use and lack a standardized process for identifying when cCPM should be discontinued. Interventions aiming to reduce monitor use will need to account for or target these factors.

Cannabidiol (Epidiolex)

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class. The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada’s federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec. This review assesses cannabidiol (Epidiolex), 100 mg/mL, oral solution. Indication: Cannabidiol is indicated for use as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or Dravet syndrome or tuberous sclerosis complex in patients 2 years of age and older.

Patient and clinician perspectives of online-delivered exercise programmes for chronic musculoskeletal conditions: protocol for a mixed-methods systematic review.

Background Despite the growing economic and social impact of chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions, there has been slow uptake of clinical guidelines for management, owing partly to the negative perceptions of patients and clinicians of their appropriateness and accessibility. Online-delivered exercise programmes (ODEPs) offer an alternative that can reduce costs and offer convenience for those with mobility limitations. As such, investigating participants’ perceptions of such programmes provides insight into the complexity and interplay of factors associated with uptake and optimization of implementation strategies. Objectives This study aims to systematically review the literature of patients’ and clinicians’ perceptions of ODEPs for chronic MSK conditions. Methods To ensure the likelihood of identifying all relevant published articles, the following databases will be searched from inception to end of the project: CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, SportDiscus, AMED, APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. Included articles will qualitatively and/or quantitatively report the perceptions of participants of ODEPs for chronic MSK conditions. ODEPs are defined as either (a) synchronous, participants can exchange information simultaneously, or (b) asynchronous, with at least one synchronous feature, or (c) neither, where the authors investigate a participant’s past experiences and/or likelihood of participating in such a programme. Article screening and quality assessment using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists will be performed by two independent reviewers. All findings from included articles will be extracted and coded using a thematic synthesis approach. Discussion It is important to offer diverse resources to address the growing public health burden of chronic MSK conditions. This study will explore patients and clinicians’ perceptions of ODEPs including needs, appropriateness and acceptability. Our findings could be used by policy makers, clinicians, and researchers to generate new models of care that could influence the uptake and long-term sustainability of ODEPs for chronic MSK conditions. PROSPERO registration CRD42021273773.

Sotorasib (Lumakras)

Reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class. The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada’s federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec. This review assesses sotorasib (Lumakras), 120 mg, oral tablet. Indication: For the treatment of adult patients with KRAS G12C-mutated, locally advanced (not amenable to curative therapy) or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have received at least 1 prior systemic therapy.

Inebilizumab (Uplizna)

Reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class. The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada’s federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec. This review assesses inebilizumab (Uplizna), 10 mg/mL, single-dose vials containing 100 mg inebilizumab in 10 mL solution, IV infusion. Indication: As monotherapy for the treatment of adult patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) who are seropositive for anti-aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG). Treatment should be administered under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional.

Physical Activity Participation among Children and Youth with Mental Health Symptoms: Clinician Perspectives.

Physical activity supports mental health and well-being in children and youth. However, there are significant barriers to physical activity participation among individuals impacted by mental health disorders. This study investigates these barriers through the perspective of mental health clinicians who support children and youth. Fourteen mental health clinicians, including registered professional psychologists, psychotherapists, and social workers, were interviewed in a semi-structured format. Qualitative content analysis was performed to identify key themes, including both barriers and facilitators to physical activity. Content analysis revealed that clinicians perceive both internal and external barriers and facilitators to their clients' participation in physical activity. Barriers included intrapersonal factors, such as the presence of depression, anxiety, or eating disorder symptoms; lack of motivation; and negative self-talk, as well as factors related to the influence of caregivers, financial limitations, screen time use, environmental and cultural factors, and lack of time. Facilitators included enjoyment of physical activity, knowledge about the benefits of physical activity, and caregiver participation. Mental health clinicians demonstrated clear knowledge about the barriers to and facilitators of their clients' participation in physical activity. These findings provide valuable insights that can be used to support children and youth experiencing mental health difficulty to access the beneficial effects of physical activity.

Shared Decision-Making About Returning to Sport After Recovery From Pediatric Concussion: Clinician Perspectives.

Describe how sports medicine clinicians support decision making about sport participation after concussion recovery with adolescent patients and their parents. Specific areas of inquiry related to how clinicians framed the decision, what factors they considered in how they approached the decision process, and how they navigated discordance within families. Qualitative study. Tertiary care sports medicine clinics at 4 children's hospitals in the United States. Individual interviews were conducted with 17 clinicians practicing in sports medicine settings. N/A. Semi-structured interviews explored clinician approaches to supporting decision making, with the question guide informed by components of the Ottawa Decision Support Framework. Clinicians routinely incorporated aspects of shared decision making (SDM) into their conversations with families. This included ensuring all parties were informed about risk and aligned behind a shared value of adolescent well-being. Mediation strategies were used to manage discordance between adolescents and their parents, and between parents. These strategies aimed to facilitate a decision that was adolescent centered. When clinicians believed that there was a medical benefit to modifying the adolescent's sport participation practices, or when they did not believe the athlete was psychologically ready to return to the sport in which they were injured, they initiated conversations about alternative activities. In such situations, they used persuasive communication practices to encourage families to strongly consider this option. The strengths and strategies used by sports medicine clinicians in this study provide a foundation for guidance or intervention development aimed at supporting SDM after concussion with adolescents and their families.

Applying a User-Centered Design Framework to Develop a Remote Research Assessment Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial for Toddlers with Early Autism Characteristics.

COVID-19 required many research teams to shift from in-person to remote assessments, which posed both procedural and theoretical challenges. While research has explored the utility of remote assessments for autism diagnosis from the perspective of families and clinicians, less is known about their application in clinical trials. This paper describes the development of a remote research assessment protocol for a randomized clinical trial focusing on the implementation of reciprocal imitation teaching (RIT) with toddlers in Part C early intervention. This project spans two phases. For Phase 1, our team developed and documented a series of steps utilizing user-centered design (UCD) strategies (e.g., recruiting potential users, creating a prototype, engaging in iterative development) for the purpose of redesigning an assessment protocol for a remote environment. For Phase 2, we examined preliminary outcomes of the redesign process. Primary end users (assessors) rated post-redesign usability and acceptability, while acceptability was examined using attrition data from secondary end users (family participants). Preliminary fidelity of implementation was also examined. The iterative redesign process allowed the research team to refine aspects of the assessment that ultimately led to promising preliminary ratings of usability, acceptability, and feasibility, as well as high fidelity. Preliminary data suggest that the redesigned assessment appears to be an acceptable, feasible, and usable tool for autism clinical trial research and that assessors can use it with fidelity. Further research is needed to examine the reliability and validity of the assessment, as well as implementation characteristics on a larger scale.

A cross-sectional survey assessing clinicians' perspectives towards redesigning the surveillance model for head and neck cancer: can we do better?

Service delivery of post-treatment surveillance in head and neck cancer (HNC) varies across institutions in Australia. To better understand current practices and develop protocols that maximize service capacity or incorporate emerging technologies, especially in under-resourced regional and remote communities, it is important to obtain the perspectives of clinicians that regularly manage patients with HNC. This cross-sectional study utilized an online survey distributed via email to specialists recruited from HNC-associated networks across Australia. The survey captured information on current practices and explored clinician perspectives towards re-designing the current surveillance model to incorporate telehealth or patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics while open-ended survey comments were analyzed using a content analysis approach. Forty participants completed the survey (25 surgeons, 9 medical oncologists, 5 radiation oncologists and 1 oral medicine specialist). Most clinicians used either institution-specific guidelines (44%) or National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines (39%), with the remaining 17% using surveillance intervals based on patient symptoms. Following treatment, 53% of participants imaged patients only when there was clinical suspicion of recurrence or new symptoms. Planned surveillance imaging was conducted at 6 or 12-monthly intervals based on the HNC subtype. Fifty-seven percent of clinicians were open to redesigning the surveillance model, specifically in low-risk patients who did not require nasoendoscopic examination. Seventy-one percent had concerns regarding the feasibility of telehealth appointments, citing disparities in digital health equity. Additionally, 61% felt PROMs are currently underutilized and were open to incorporating HNC-specific PROMS into surveillance. Open-ended responses indicated that within the current surveillance model, "fragmented service provision" and "administration issues" were significantly impacting on timing of care. Surveyed HNC clinicians feel that current post-treatment surveillance can be fragmented and potentially lead to delayed care. They are open to incorporating PROMS to assist in surveillance scheduling, especially in low-risk patients.