Organizational Perspective Research Articles

Exploring the Devastating Impact of Workplace Bullying on Employee Morale and Efficiency

This research investigates the effect of workplace bullying on organizational pride and productivity in the higher education sector in Pakistan. The aim of this paper is to uncover the significant moderating effects of workplace bullying on employees’ morale and productivity among the Pakistani employees in the higher education institution of Punjab. Based on a sample of 450 workers, the study uses standardized questionnaires to assess the relationship between bullying behaviors; professional undermining; social exclusion; and overwork on one hand and the level of psychological/physiological stress on the other, with the support of a five point Likert scale. The study reveals a clear and strong positive correlation between workplace bullying and stress which indeed influences negative behavior among employees such as job satisfaction and commitment and productivity levels. Lastly, structural equation modeling (SEM) confirms or supports the proposed relationships, with a focus on an organizational, social and personal perspective to bullying. In the closing, the researcher emphasizes the urgency for organizations to establish preventive measures against Workplace bullying, besides effectively managing stress in an effort to enrich Organizational health and productivity.

Trust-based governance and social work professionals in a municipal welfare reorganisation

ABSTRACT Welfare organizations, as is the case with municipalities, face formidable challenges due to demographic changes that project a future increase in the number of people requiring services. These changes impact the professionals within these Supplemental materialorganizations, including social workers, who are pivotal in maintaining contact with citizens necessitating service. Furthermore, research has indicated more demanding working conditions under the influence of neoliberal governance. Welfare organizations are actively implementing reforms to tackle these impediments. Adopting trust-based governance (TBG) has been one such approach in Sweden. This article explores the introduction of TBG within a municipality, focusing on its impact on essential social work professionals of children and young adults. The study, conducted through eight focus group interviews with 28 social work professionals, aims to explore the introduction of TBG in these professionals using thematic analysis and occupational and organizational professional perspectives. The study’s key findings indicate that the introduction of TBG in the municipality has varied effects on social services, depending on the specific roles and responsibilities of the social service professionals. TBG offers opportunities and challenges, empowering social workers while placing additional responsibilities on them. Understanding these dynamics is crucial as welfare organizations evolve, as it is essential for optimizing service delivery and supporting social work professionals.

Factors influencing evidence-based cardiovascular disease prevention programming in rural African American communities: a community-engaged concept mapping study

BackgroundAfrican Americans experience cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities, and the burden is greatest in the rural south. Although evidence-based CVD prevention and management programs have been tailored to this context, implementation has been limited and not sustained long-term. To understand how to implement and sustain evidence-based CVD programs at scale, we must explore the perspectives of organizations serving rural African American communities and situate findings within foundational Implementation Science frameworks.MethodsThis study used group concept mapping (GCM) to elicit and synthesize stakeholder perspectives into an action-focused conceptual model depicting factors influencing implementation of evidence-based CVD programs. Representatives of community-based, faith, and healthcare organizations serving African Americans in five rural North Carolina counties were recruited via purposive sampling techniques. Participants (total n = 31) completed three activities: 1) brainstorming in response to an open-ended prompt (n = 31); 2) sorting brainstorm data into wider concepts and rating each in terms of relative importance and feasibility (n = 26); and 3) collaborative interpretation and refinement of the concept map (n = 19). Multivariate statistical analysis was used to generate a concept map. Absolute pattern matches comparing ratings of the relative importance and feasibility of each factor were generated and depicted via ladder graphs.ResultsThe final concept map included five factors: Accessibility, Community and Social Factors, Education and Training, Financial/Resource Development, and Organization Capacity and Staffing. There was high agreement (r = .98) between ratings of importance and feasibility. Education and Training, both within organizations and the wider community, was rated as the most important and feasible factor and Financial/Resource Development was the least important and feasible.ConclusionsThe concept map emphasizes aspects of organizations (inner setting), their surrounding community (outer setting), and individual stakeholders (participants, implementers) as influencing implementation of evidence-based CVD prevention and management programs in rural African American communities. The nature of the intervention or implementation processes were de-emphasized. Organizations in rural African American communities may feel equipped to implement a range of evidence-based programs, provided strategies address the contextual and structural barriers that impede their success. Group concept mapping helped distill and prioritize initial leverage points for action in our project catchment area by facilitating a community-engaged process of data generation and interpretation.

The dark side of non-fungible tokens: understanding risks in the NFT marketplace from a fraud triangle perspective

This study investigates the dark side of the non-fungible token (NFT) marketplace, with a focus on understanding the risks, and underlying factors driving fraud in the NFT ecosystem. Using the fraud triangle framework, this study examines pressure, opportunity, and rationalization from individual and organizational perspectives. The research provides a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors to NFT marketplace fraud by analyzing the reasons behind fraudulent actions. A conceptual framework is developed that includes ten propositions to aid in understanding the complexity of this issue. This study’s outcomes will assist policymakers in crafting efficient approaches to mitigate fraud within the NFT marketplace.

Exploring the Impact of Namimah (Gossip) and Gheebahhh (Backbiting) from Islamic, Psychological, and Organizational Perspectives

Exploring the Impact of Namimah (Gossip) and Gheebahhh (Backbiting) from Islamic, Psychological, and Organizational Perspectives

Refinement of a meaning-centered counseling program for Chinese patients with advanced cancer: integrating cultural adaptation and implementation science approaches.

This mixed methods study identified needed refinements to a telehealth-delivered cultural and linguistic adaptation of Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Chinese patients with advanced cancer (MCP-Ch) to enhance acceptability, comprehensibility, and implementation of the intervention in usual care settings, guided by the Ecological Validity Model (EVM) and the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM). Fifteen purposively sampled mental health professionals who work with Chinese cancer patients completed surveys providing Likert-scale ratings on acceptability and comprehensibility of MCP-Ch content (guided by the EVM) and pre-implementation factors (guided by PRISM), followed by semi-structured interviews. Survey data were descriptively summarized and linked to qualitative interview data. Three analysts independently coded the transcripts according to EVM and PRISM domains; discrepancies were resolved through discussion and consensus. Quantitative findings showed high appropriateness and relevance of MCP-Ch across five EVM domains of Language, Metaphors/Stories, Goals, Content, and Concepts. Qualitative analysis yielded 23 inductive codes under the seven EVM domains: (1) Language (3 subcodes), (2) Persons (2 subcodes), (3) Metaphors/Stories (2 subcodes), (4) Methods (8 subcodes), (5) Content (2 subcodes), (6) Goals (4 subcodes), and (7) Concepts (2 subcodes). Themes based on PRISM included (1) Intervention characteristics (organizational perspective, 7 subcodes; and patient perspective, 6 subcodes) (2) External environment (2 subcodes), (3) Implementation and sustainability infrastructure (4 subcodes), and (4) Recipients (organizational characteristics, 5 subcodes; and patient characteristics, 4 subcodes). Recommendations for next steps include increasing the MCP-Ch protocol's flexibility and adaptability to allow interventionists to flexibly tailor MCP-Ch material to meet patients' individual needs, simplifying content to improve comprehension and acceptability, providing additional training to Chinese-serving providers to increase adoption and sustainability, and considering interpreter-assisted delivery to increase access. Findings yielded important information to maximize cultural relevance as well as the implementation and sustainability potential of MCP-Ch in real-world settings.

Antifragility and organizations: an organizational design perspective

Antifragility and organizations: an organizational design perspective

Identifying 'Where' and 'How' Peer Support for Youth is Integrated into Community-Based Mental Health Services: A Survey Study.

To mitigate barriers to care among youth (12-25years), community-based organizations have increasingly integrated peer support as a complement to clinical mental health care; however, information regarding the integration process is lacking. To explore organizational perspectives regarding the contexts and mechanisms underlying integration of peer support for youth accessing mental health services from community-based, youth-serving organizations. Representatives from community-based youth-serving organizations completed a survey describing the contexts in which they are located and their experiences integrating peer support. Text responses were analyzed using directed content analysis. 21 organizations serving youth aged 11-29years responded. Three generic categories were identified: 1) Context is key and safe environments, 2) Supportive organizations and valuing lived experience, 3) Benefits for peer support providers and receivers and purposeful integration into the organization. Peer support integration requires valuing of the lived experience of peers and creation of a safe organizational environment.

Roadmap to advance therapeutics for SYNGAP1-related disorder: a patient organization perspective from SynGAP Research Fund

SYNGAP1-related disorder (SRD) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy caused by a disruption of the SYNGAP1 gene. At the beginning of 2024, it is one of many rare monogenic brain disorders without disease-modifying treatments, but that is changing. This article chronicles the last 5 years, beginning when treatments for SRD were not publicly in development, to the start of 2024 when many SRD-specific treatments are advancing. We discuss the progress across many realms that have brought SRD to the forefront of drug development and highlight how Patient Advocacy Groups (PAGs) have had direct roles in accelerating the route to meaningful treatments for our children. We start with a summary of why SRD is an attractive pharmaceutical target. Second, we introduce the disease, the clinical features, and the number of patients. Next, we describe our PAG, our international partners and cite examples of the broad range of activities we believe are accelerating our pace toward treatments. We summarize the current SYNGAP1 pipeline and the status of each public project. Finally, we discuss two open questions that urgently need to be addressed in advance of clinical trials for SRD.

Developmental and instrumental leadership: interrelationship and individual profiles

PurposeThe aim of this study was twofold, first to examine the relationship between developmental leadership (a Scandinavian culture adapted version of transformational leadership) and instrumental leadership, as well as the relationship between these leadership variables and indices of performance and job satisfaction. Second, to identify individual patterns regarding developmental and instrumental leadership.Design/methodology/approachUsing a longitudinal design, questionnaire data were collected three times among Swedish conscripts and voluntarily employed soldiers during their basic military training (n = 667 at T1, n = 503 at T2 and n = 554 at T3).FindingsThe main findings were: (1) high observed correlations between the developmental and instrumental leadership scales on all measurement occasions; (2) a low to moderate amount of explained variance explained by these leadership scales in regression analyses with performance and job satisfaction as dependent variables, where developmental leadership was strongly associated with ratings of job satisfaction and instrumental leadership accounted for a higher proportion of the variance on ratings of performance and (3) the identification of three distinct profiles of response patterns on the leadership scales, which were fairly similar across time and indicate a temporal consistency of leadership styles.Research limitations/implicationsMethodological strengths include the longitudinal study design, the comparatively large sample size, the use of well-established measurement scales and the person-centered approach allowing for the identification of response patterns. Study weaknesses include too few background variables and the use of self-report ratings only. From a work and organizational perspective, the sample with low-level conscripts and soldiers could also be regarded as unusual.Practical implicationsEducation of leaders should focus on the importance of both interpersonal and instrumental aspects. There is also a need for development of leadership training fostering leaders’ instrumental leadership skills.Originality/valueThe study responds to the call from leadership researchers to further research on instrumental leadership and its relationship to the FRLT across diverse organizational contexts. Longitudinal comparisons of developmental (transformational) and instrumental leadership resulted in more trustworthy results as both a variable-oriented and a person-oriented approach was used.

AI-powered digital transformation – organizational perspective. Literature review

The integration of new technologies into all areas of a company existence, known as digital transformation, necessitates a fundamental shift in traditional understanding of a business process optimization and human resilience to turbulent socioeconomical and technological environment. Simultaneously, artificial intelligence (AI) emerges as a disruptive force, with immense potential to impact businesses and individuals on an unprecedented scale and at an (exponential) pace. The purpose of paper is to present the theoretical foundations of the concept of AI-powered digital transformation from an organizational perspective (taking ethical aspects also into account). The main research method is a systematic literature review based on the Web of Science (ELSEVIER) database. On the foundation of literature review, the core pillars of AI-Powered digital transformation are presented as a contribution to further theoretical and empirical research.

Analyzing the Social License Index of the PT. Indonesia Asahan Aluminium Hydropower Plant in Toba Regency

This study investigated the social license and stakeholder relationships of PT. Indonesia Asahan Aluminium (INALUM) in North Sumatra using the Social License Index (SLI). The SLI provides a systematic analysis of social licenses and offers insights into the company-stakeholder relationship, including factors affecting operational sustainability. This research was conducted in PT. INALUM industrial region in North Sumatra, focusing on the surrounding geographical area. The study population was comprised of individuals representing various aspects that were directly and indirectly involved in the company's operations. Data collection involved surveys and in-depth interviews with 54 informants from diverse backgrounds, including the private sector, local government officials, religious leaders, labor representatives, academics, and community members. Results from Business and Government perspectives indicate that PT. INALUM is perceived as a reliable partner that contributes positively to local economic development and social programs. However, the Civil Society Organization (CSO) perspective revealed persistent challenges in company-CSO interactions. This research emphasizes the importance of enhancing communication, engagement, and transparency in a company's relationship with CSOs. The study found that PT. INALUM's SLI level reached a satisfactory level in terms of gaining support and trust, with the SLI level reaching co-ownership. This indicates that the company is an integral community partner with solid support levels and close partnerships. In conclusion, PT. INALUM has established strong social support and trust among various stakeholders. Despite positive assessments of local economic development and social programs, challenges related to CSO interactions persist. To further strengthen support levels, improved communication, engagement, and transparency with CSOs are recommended.

Exploring crisis management response to hybrid threats and warfare

Abstract Crisis management (CM) operations and organisations may face internal, external and hybrid threats (HTs) against their information and/or personnel. This research looks at how selected European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and national perspectives address internal, external and global HTs and influence, even warfare, and maps some relevant strategies to prepare against them in a CM context. Strategies to fight against HTs include relevant political debate and decision-making, integration of EU- and national-level security into critical infrastructure and regular preparedness exercises. Responses to HTs call for relevant technical, situational awareness and problem-solving skills. This research shows how collaboration and situation understanding can assist in detecting and responding to possible cyber and HTs against CM operations. This study examines how collaboration and understanding the situation assist in detecting and responding to HTs to CM operations. There is evidence that information exchange and collaboration are important elements in the fight against hybrid influence and war. Combating misinformation through public education campaigns can support both the civilian and military elements of CM operations. Specific training can be designed to counter aggressive propaganda and disinformation efforts against personnel in CM operations. This maintains one’s initiative and trust in the aims of the mission.

Rotational training structures and national employment in public health education: an organizational perspective

IntroductionPostgraduate medical education (PGME) relies on structured training rotations and workplace-based learning (WBL) to provide comprehensive clinical training and professional development. Emphasizing WBL, PGME integrates theoretical knowledge with practical skills through direct patient care involvement, underscoring the pivotal role of training institutes in supporting these initiatives. While curricular changes in PGME have been extensively studied in clinical teaching hospitals, PGME programs in public health (PGME-PH) remain underexplored, yet their multidisciplinary nature post-COVID-19 underscores the urgency for effective curricular reforms. This study explores how training institutions offering PGME-PH navigate the adoption of structured training rotations and a transition to a national employer by examining organizational perspectives to enhance sustainability and integration of educational innovations in this unique context.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 14 participants from 8 training institutions offering PGME-PH in the Netherlands between October and November 2022 to explore their experiences with the implementation of a rotational training structure. The interviews were guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).ResultsThe analysis identified three pivotal themes influencing sustainable implementation and ownership: influence, communication, and motivation. Participants expressed concerns about reduced influence in organizing PGME-PH and noted significant communication challenges, such as ambiguity in roles, program frameworks, and financial aspects. Despite these obstacles, participants showed strong motivation for education and underscored the importance of collaboration and shared responsibility.ConclusionThe successful implementation of structured training rotations was negatively impacted by training institutions’ experience of limited influence and communication challenges. This led to diminished ownership of the new PGME-PH curriculum, potentially affecting its long-term sustainability. Despite these challenges, participants maintain high motivation for educational delivery. Enhancing sustainable implementation requires fostering ownership, promoting collective responsibility, establishing clear communication channels, and nurturing motivation. These factors are crucial for ensuring the success and longevity of educational programs such as PGME-PH.

Mengenal Pemikiran Islam liberal

Liberal Islamic philosophy is a contemporary concept within the Islamic world, arising as a counter to the prevailing association of Islam with radicalism, terrorism, and bloodshed. This new philosophy has a more lenient stance towards Islam's normative beliefs, aiming to engage with the perspectives of orthodox or fundamentalist Islamic organizations. This has provoked both favorable and adverse reactions to the theory. This page aims to portray liberal Islamic thinking academically and objectively, without taking a side in the controversies. The discourse encompasses the concept, aims, and epistemological framework of liberal Islam. The importance of this study stems from the perspectives of observers of Islamic thinking who either support or oppose liberal Islamic philosophy without offering a comprehensive comprehension of its fundamental notions.

Exploring Opportunities and Challenges for the Spread, Scale-Up, and Sustainability of mHealth Apps for Self-Management of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Netherlands: Citizen Science Approach.

Technologies evolve at a breakneck pace, and the success of mobile health (mHealth) for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) depends on whether health care professionals, care management, government regulators, and consumers will adopt the technology as a viable solution to enhance patient self-management. In this study, we explored the challenges of the implementation of mHealth apps in care for patients with T2DM and determined to what extent these challenges complicate the dissemination, limit scale-up, and influence the sustainability of technological interventions for patients with T2DM. The nonadoption, abandonment, and challenges to scale-up, spread, and sustainability (NASSS) framework served as the basis for our study. The 7 domains of the NASSS framework were explored with a citizen science approach using questionnaires, semistructured in-depth interviews, and focus groups together with patients with T2DM, care professionals, technology developers, policy officers, and a patient organization. Regarding the domain "condition," being aware of their condition and changing lifestyle were crucial for patients with T2DM to get to grips with their life. The rapid development of health apps for T2DM was highlighted in the domain "technology." Users should be aware of these apps and know how to use them. The domain "value proposition" included the patient perspective and elaborated on personal values, as well as care professionals who focus on personalized care and pressure on health care. Regarding the "adopters," it is crucial to know who needs to use and introduce the apps. Responsibility, a shared vision, and resistance among care professionals were mentioned as important determinants for "organization." Finally, the domain "wider system" showed the importance of involving multiple institutes, care guidelines, and reimbursements. This study investigated the implementation of mHealth apps in an early stage of the implementation process. Key stakeholders were involved, who attributed to the possibilities and limitations of the implementation. It is crucial to have a clear vision from an organizational perspective and specific prerequisites for implementation strategies at micro, meso, and macro levels. Essential strategies at the national level include guidelines for regulations, privacy, and security; the integration of mHealth into T2DM care guidelines; and sufficient reimbursement by health insurers.

How to Keep Doing What You Like Doing: A Qualitative Study of Active Older Adults’ Insights on the Facilitators and Barriers to Maintenance of Physical Activity (From the MOVEAGE-Act Project)

While the facilitators/barriers for the initiation of physical activity (PA) are well documented, there is less known about these facilitators/barriers for maintenance of PA in the older population in general and not following an intervention. This study aimed to explore older adults’ perspectives on the facilitators/barriers to maintaining PA. The study used a descriptive qualitative design, with three focus groups, one in Ireland and two in France. Participants were community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years) 66% were female, recruited through older adult websites. Findings were analyzed thematically using a Socio-Ecological Model as a framework. Thirty-three older adults participated, and 88% met the international physical activity guidelines of 150 minutes of moderate activity per week. From intrapersonal and interpersonal perspectives, enjoyment, social engagement, adapting physical activity for their age, establishing routines/habits, and combining PA with other activities and interests were all key facilitators in PA maintenance. From the policy, environmental and organizational perspectives, limited policies or their implementation, activity-related factors (insufficient information on activities, age appropriateness and availability of suitable activities, accessibility, inadequate support), and social connectedness were identified. Multiple interrelationships across the different social-ecological perspectives emerged. It was evident for PA maintenance that a balance is needed between having activities that are enjoyable and yet challenging and being able to adapt them to age-related changes such as loss of function and confidence. In addition, it was apparent that older adults were more likely to engage in PA if it had a social element and if they had access to relevant information and safe, age-appropriate activities and support. These factors should be further incorporated into PA promotion, activities, and policies to maximize PA maintenance. Barriers may lead to non-maintenance of healthy aging targets, with implications for health service economies and older adults’ health.

Advancing food systems governance: Perspectives of Canadian civil society organizations

ABSTRACT Civil society organizations (CSO) engaged in food systems work have grown substantially in number, scale, and scope. Many of these CSOs are seizing opportunities to engage with the globalized industrial food system in efforts to promote greater equity and sustainability and have realized that addressing issues at a systemic level demand engaging with governance. Despite increasing scholarly attention to food systems and to CSO engagement with governments, the diversity of governance arrangements remains understudied. In this paper, we explore the meanings and perspectives of food systems governance from the standpoint of CSOs leaders across Canada and Indigenous territories. Drawing on 70 semi-structured interviews, we argue that CSOs play a central role in advancing food systems governance by how they frame and act on food issues. We point to CSOs understandings and engagement with food systems governance as broader and more nuanced than what has previously been documented in the literature. A more discerning and comprehensive understanding of how CSO actors describe and advance food systems governance helps articulate how CSOs are scaling-up place-based work, modelling new forms of governance, and ultimately, impacting decision-making structures.

Scaling up medications for opioid use disorder in Kentucky: Qualitative perspectives of treatment organizations.

Background Underutilization of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), which reflects the limited number of patients initiating treatment and being retained in treatment, remains a persistent barrier to addressing the opioid epidemic. Using an adapted PRISM (Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model) framework, this study describes multi-level barriers and facilitators to expanding MOUD as part of the HEALing (Helping to End Addiction Long-term®) Communities Study in Kentucky (HCS-KY). Methods Cross-sectional small group and individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 employees representing 30 MOUD agencies in eight Kentucky counties from December 2022 to June 2023. A deductive-dominant approach to interviewing, with all interviews recorded and transcribed. Using a codebook informed by the adapted PRISM framework, a directed consensus-based approach to coding and thematic analysis was used. Results Although some agencies had a fairly static number of patients, most described recent experiences with modest growth in MOUD census and the ability to provide same day/next day MOUD. Multi-level factors, including organizational, patient-level, and community characteristics and perspectives, were perceived to impact MOUD census. Organizational characteristics impacting growth included the physical space of the clinic and staffing. Organizational policies in some agencies constrained treatment retention, while other agencies implemented innovations to better meet patients' needs. Patients often encountered numerous challenges to treatment initiation and retention, including limited access to transportation, technology, safe and stable housing, and childcare. These patient-level barriers often reflected community characteristics, while community stigma also impeded MOUD growth. Conclusions These qualitative data revealed that some degree of growth in MOUD has occurred, but multi-level barriers are impeding further increases in treatment initiation and retention. Some barriers likely require policy changes related to financing and regulation, while other barriers require community-level efforts to decrease stigma and greater community investment in infrastructure, such as transportation and housing. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04111939. Registered 30 September 2019.

Reshaping the Irish Economy: The Impact of International Mergers and Acquisitions on the Irish Technology Sector (2021-2023)

Purpose: This dissertation examines the impact of international mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on the Irish technology sector between 2021 and 2023. It aims to assess how M&A activities have reshaped corporate strategies, influenced organizational culture, and contributed to the broader economic landscape, while identifying challenges and opportunities for involved firms. Methodology: A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating quantitative survey data from technology sector professionals and qualitative insights from structured interviews with senior executives of companies engaged in M&A. The survey captured organizational perspectives on strategic realignment, cultural integration, employee morale, and economic implications. The interviews offered deeper context on leadership decisions, cultural adaptation, and strategic shifts post-acquisition. Findings: The research reveals that successful post-M&A outcomes were strongly linked to strategic realignment toward global expansion, product innovation, and operational efficiency. Firms leveraging M&A synergies experienced improved market positioning, faster innovation cycles, and streamlined operations. However, challenges such as cultural integration and maintaining employee morale were significant hurdles. Ireland's regulatory environment emerged as a facilitator, ensuring smooth transitions and compliance, although increased global competition posed both challenges and growth opportunities for local firms. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy, and Practice: This study advances academic discourse by highlighting the interplay between strategic realignment, cultural integration, and regulatory frameworks in post-M&A success. It provides actionable recommendations for technology firms to optimize integration strategies and for policymakers to maintain a supportive yet competitive regulatory environment. The findings also lay the groundwork for future longitudinal studies and cross-industry comparisons to deepen understanding of M&A dynamics.