Perspective Of Medical Ethics Research Articles

The Institute Of Religion At The Texas Medical Center Will Sponsor "Recovering The Traditions: Religious Perspectives In Medical Ethics" June 7 ? 11, 1999

The Institute of Religion at The Texas Medical Center will sponsor “Recovering the Traditions: Religious Perspectives in Medical Ethics” Get access The Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Volume 24, Issue 2, 1999, Page 201, https://doi.org/10.1076/jmep.24.2.201.2535 Published: 01 January 1999

The Institute Of Religion At The Texas Medical Center Will Sponsor "Recovering The Traditions: Religious Perspectives In Medical Ethics" June 7 ? 11, 1999

The Institute Of Religion At The Texas Medical Center Will Sponsor "Recovering The Traditions: Religious Perspectives In Medical Ethics" June 7 ? 11, 1999

Selecting candidates for liver transplantation: a medical ethics perspective on the microallocation of a scarce and rationed resource.

Liver transplantation has evolved over the past 35 years from an experimental procedure with high perioperative mortality to an accepted form of treatment with an approximate 85% one-year and 80% three-year patient survival rate. Following the success and acceptance of transplantation in the treatment of end-stage liver disease, there has been a progressive increase in the number of patients seeking a limited supply of donor organs. The ethical focus, on a microallocation level, has therefore changed from that of the 1960s, when the question was whether the procedure should be offered at all, to that of the 1990s and beyond, when the focus is on the proper allocation of a scarce, life-saving resource. The ethical issues concerning fair allocation surrounding liver transplantation are explored, from both the referring physician's perspective and the perspective of the transplant physician. In particular, the contrasting viewpoints of bioethicists Nicholas Rescher and James Childress, with respect to nonmedical and social criteria in the selection of patients for scarce, life-saving therapies are explored. Lastly, some alternative ethical models for patients selection are reviewed.

The Institute of Religion at the Texas Medical Center will sponsor "Recovering the Traditions: Religious Perspectives in Medical Ethics" March 4-8, 1996

The Institute of Religion at the Texas Medical Center will sponsor "Recovering the Traditions: Religious Perspectives in Medical Ethics" March 4-8, 1996

Feminist perspectives in medical ethics

Feminist perspectives in medical ethics

Feminism’s Healing Effect

Helen Bequaert Holmes and Laura M. Purdy have done medical ethicists and clinical practitioners an enormous favor by publishing in book form their edited collection of 21 essays, Feminist Perspectives in Medical Ethics. This is an anthology of articles applying feminist methods and theories to problems in medical ethics. It is a fitting initiation for healthcare professionals and theorists who have yet to introduce themselves to the methods, analyses, and diverse contributions of feminism. In one simple volume, readers can sample feminist contributions to medical ethics that otherwise would be scattered in books or journals unavailable in most medical libraries.

Book reviews

Arthur Baysting, Dyan Campbell & Margaret Dagg (eds), Making Policy…Not Tea: Women in Parliament (Oxford University Press) Auckland, 1993; Sandra Coney, Standing in the Sunshine: A History of New Zealand Women since They Won the Vote (Viking) Auckland, 1993; Judith Devaliant, A Biography: Kate Sheppard: The Fight for Women's Votes in New Zealand (Penguin) Auckland, 1992; Anne Else (ed.), Women Together: A History of Women's Organisations in New Zealand: Ngā Rōpū Wāhine a te Motu (Historical Branch/Daphne Brasell Associates Press) Wellington, 1993; Sue Kedgley & Mary Varnham (eds), Heading Nowhere in a Navy Blue Suit and Other Tales from the Feminist Revolution (Daphne Brasell Associates Press) Wellington, 1993; Margaret Lovell‐Smith, The Woman Question: Writings by the Women Who Won the Vote (New Women's Press) Auckland, 1992; Janet McCallum, Women in the House: Members of Parliament in New Zealand (Cape Catley) n.p., 1993; Charlotte Macdonald, The Vote, the Pill and the Demon Drink: A History of Feminist Writing in New Zealand, 1869–1993 (Bridget William Books) Wellington, 1993; Tania Rei, Māori Women and the Vote (Huia) Wellington, 1993; Rosemarie Smith, The Ladies are at it Again! Gore Debates the Women's Franchise (Women's Studies, Victoria University of Wellington) Wellington, 1993; Mira Szaszy, Te Timatanga Tātau Tātau: Early Stories from the Founding Members of the Maori Women's Welfare League (Bridget Williams Books) Wellington, 1993. Audrey Oldfield, Woman Suffrage in Australia: A Gift or a Struggle? (Cambridge University Press) Oakleigh, Vic., 1992. Anne Phillips, Democracy and Difference (Polity Press) Cambridge, 1993. Alena Heitlinger, Women's Equality, Demography and Public Policies (St Martin's Press/Macmillan) London, 1993. Paul Patton (ed.), Nietzsche, Feminism and Political Theory (Allen & Unvvin) Sydney, 1993. Fatima Mernissi, The Forgotten Queens of Islam, trans. Mary Jo Lakeland (Polity Press) Cambridge, 1993. Chilla Bulbeck, Australian Women in Papua New Guinea: Colonial Passages 1920–1960 (Cambridge University Press) Cambridge, 1992. Julia Emberley, Thresholds of Difference: Feminist Critique, Native Women's Writings, Postcolonial Theory (University of Toronto Press) Toronto, 1993. Gail Reekie, Temptations: Sex, Selling and the Department Store (Allen & Unwin) St Leonards, 1993. Lesley Johnson, The Modern Girl: Girlhood and Growing Up (Allen & Unwin) North Sydney, 1993. Penelope Hetherington and Philippa Maddern (eds), Sexuality and Gender in History: Selected Essays (Optima Press) Nedlands, Western Australia, 1993. Rosalind Coward, Our Treacherous Hearts: Why Women Let Men Get Their Way (Faber & Faber) London, 1993. Mary Hamer, Signs of Cleopatra (Routledge) London, 1993. Eva C. Keuls, The Reign of the Phallus: Sexual Politics in Ancient Athens (University of California Press) Berkeley, Los Angeles & London, 1993. J. Gero and M.W. Conkey (eds), Engendering Archaeology (Basil Blackwell) Oxford, 1991. Madeline Arnot and Kathleen Weiler (eds), Feminism and Social Justice in Education: International Perspectives (Falmer Press) London & Washington, D.C., 1993. Anne Witz, Professions and Patriarchy (Routledge) London, 1992. Helen Bequaert Holmes (ed.), Issues in Reproductive Technology (Garland) New York & London, 1992. Helen Bequaert Holmes and Laura M. Purdy (eds), Feminist Perspectives in Medical Ethics (Indiana University Press) Bloomington & Indianapolis, 1992.

Rationing America's Medical Care: The Oregon Plan and Beyond, edited by Martin A. Strosberg, Joshua M. Wiener, Robert Baker and I. Alan Fein.

Book Reviews in this Article: Rationing America's Medical Care: The Oregon Plan and Beyond, edited by Martin A. Strosberg, Joshua M. Wiener, Robert Baker and I. Alan Fein. Bad Medicine: The Prescription Drug Industry in the Third World, by Milton Silverman, Mia Lydecker and Philip R. Lee. Stanford Feminist Perspectives in Medical Ethics, edited by Helen Bequaert Holmes and Laura M. Purdy, Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana Choices in Health Care: A Report by the Government Committee on Choices in Health Care, The Netherlands, 1992,

Intensive Care: Medical Ethics and the Medical Profession/ Feminist Perspectives in Medical Ethics/ What Price Parenthood? Ethics and Assisted Reproduction/Ethics and Health Care: the Role of Research Ethics Committees (Book).

Intensive Care: Medical Ethics and the Medical Profession/ Feminist Perspectives in Medical Ethics/ What Price Parenthood? Ethics and Assisted Reproduction/Ethics and Health Care: the Role of Research Ethics Committees (Book).

An Ethnomedical Perspective of Medical Ethics

Ethnomedicine is the field that analyzes medical traditions comparatively. An ethnomedical approach is used in the essay to analyze the topic of medical ethics. General properties of medical ethics as realized in different societies are outlined. These pertain to the healer's relations with clients, with other healers, and with the group or society. The conditions of medical practice and the influence of social and political factors that affect them are discussed in relation to medical ethical questions. Unique developments of contemporary medical science that affect and condition practice and raise new ethical questions are examined in light of ethnomedical generalizations. The essay aims to clarify the cultural bases of medicine generally and ethical aspects of medical practice and care more specifically.

An Ethnomedical Perspective of Medical Ethics

Ethnomedicine is the field that analyzes medical traditions comparatively. An ethnomedical approach is used in the essay to analyze the topic of medical ethics. General properties of medical ethics as realized in different societies are outlined. These pertain to the healer's relations with clients, with other healers, and with the group or society. The conditions of medical practice and the influence of social and political factors that affect them are discussed in relation to medical ethical questions. Unique developments of contemporary medical science that affect and condition practice and raise new ethical questions are examined in light of ethnomedical generalizations. The essay aims to clarify the cultural bases of medicine generally and ethical aspects of medical practice and care more specifically.

Still Saving the Life of Ethics

Still Saving the Life of Ethics Back when medicine was saving the life of and offering refuge to moral philosophers, who brought with them their exotic languages and customs (but alas no cuisine), and committees across the land were gathering around insensate patients, incanting words like deontology, teleology, beneficence, autonomy, and paternalism, the textbooks were of the trickle-down variety, presenting lofty moral principles as decision-making guides for resolving specific dilemmas in the clinical setting. Fine examples of such books continue to be issued and reissued, but as James Childress acknowledges: The difficult question is not whether to invoke or apply principles and rules but rather which rules and principles should be adopted, how they should be interpreted, how much weight and strength they should be accorded, which have priority in a conflict, and in what relations and situations they apply. (In Robert M. Veatch, ed., Cross Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings. Boston: Jones and Bartlett, 1989.) One recent book starts at the bottom, at the case level, and therefore is no less than revolutionary: Albert R. Jonsen and Stephen Toulmin's Abuse of Casuistry (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1988). Its title seems designed to send it slipping into obscurity--which would be a shame, I think, because the book provides a kind of basic science for practitioners of clinical ethics. Elegantly written and scholarly, it traces casuistry from its rise in classical Greco-Roman times through several centuries of Christianity to its corruption and dishonor under the scornful gaze of Pascal in the seventeenth century. Casuistry, in the authors' words, is: the analysis of moral issues, using procedures of reasoning based on paradigms and analogies, leading to the formulation of expert opinions about the existence and stringency of particular moral obligations, framed in terms of rules or maxims that are general but not universal or invariable, since they hold good with certainty only in the typical conditions of the agent and circumstances of action. They trace this form of practical reasoning (phronesis) to Aristotle, who believed that ethics deals with a multitude of particular concrete situations, which are themselves so variable that they resist all attempts to generalize about them in universal terms. It is similar to the reasoning of the Talmud, case law, and general medical decisionmaking, which is why it serves clinical so well. In matters of putting off and bringing on death, the most important recent publication took place not in a medical or ethical journal but in the record of the United States Supreme Court, when it decided the Cruzan case. Although legal scholars are giddy about the Court's discovery of a Constitutional right to refuse medical attention even where it could prolong or save one's life, the discovery is less significant to physicians and patients, since the right has been confirmed again and again in courts and legislatures around the country and endorsed by authoritative medical societies. The damage the Court has done in Cruzan is to allow states to impose and standards that in my view could be impossible to meet even with duly executed living wills. For example, Mary O'Connor, a New York hospital worker, repeatedly told friends and family that she would not want to be kept alive by medical interventions if she were in a helpless condition similar to those which she witnessed daily. But her statements were deemed by the court to be unclear and unconvincing because she did not predict her own circumstances with sufficient exactitude. If a medically experienced person cannot find words that meet the clear and convincing standard, who can? …

BOOK REVIEWS

Fertility and the Family: The Glover Report on Reproductive Technologies to the European CommissionCross Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings (The Jones and Bartlett Series in Biology) Ed. by Robert M. VeatchEnding Lives, by Robert Campbell and Diane CollinsonScience and the Unborn: Choosing Human Futures by Clifford Grobstein

Book ReviewMedical Ethics Cross-Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings

Book ReviewMedical Ethics Cross-Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings

Cross Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings

Cross Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics:Readings is an anthology designed for undergraduate, graduate, and professional school courses in medical and bioethics where objective is to provide an understanding of alternative systems of medical and to introduce systematically basic principles of normative ethics (p v). The text itself is divided into three sections. Section I is an introduction to what editor claims are the major alternative traditions in medical (p xvi). Here reader is introduced to ethical thought as diverse as Hippocratic oath, American Medical Association's (AMA) Principles of Medical Ethics, professional of ancient Indian medicine, and Islamic code of medical professional ethics. In Section II editor offers a number of essays that deal with question of how an ethic for medicine is to be grounded; eg, should ethic be viewed as invention of a

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article: Beginning Lives, by Rosalind Hursthouse. On Moral Medicine:Theological Perspectives in Medical Ethics, edited by Stephen E. Lammers and Allen Verhey. Quantitative Risk Assessment, edited by James M. Humber and Robert F. A Theory of Value and Obligation, by Robin Attfield. Ethical Issues at the Outset of Life, edited by William B. Weil Jr. and Martin Benjamin. Legal Frontiers of Death and Dying by Norman L. Cantor Having Your Baby By Donor Insemination:A Complete Resource Guide, by Elizabeth Noble

On Moral Medicine: Theological Perspectives in Medical Ethics

On Moral Medicine: Theological Perspectives in Medical Ethics

Book Review: Humanistic Perspectives in Medical Ethics

Book Review: Humanistic Perspectives in Medical Ethics

Humanistic Perspectives in Medical Ethics.

Events have overtaken the Hippocratic Oath. The noble intentions of past mores grow increasingly inadequate for present guidance. Lower death rate, lengthened life span, changes in life style, the social danger of overpopulation, advancing knowledge and experimentation, poverty and prisons and the atrocity of the South Asian war, the escalation of health care costs, and the inequities of the fee-for-service system with its catastrophic orientation to illness and disease catalog unanticipated demands in our present day. Born out of deeply human response to human illness, the medical profession is finding itself challenged to recover its humanistic perspective to human perplexity. Maurice B. Visscher, MD, professor emeritus of physiology at the University of Minnesota and a former president of the National Society for Medical Research, has drawn together articles by 14 physicians, philosophers, social scientists, and psychiatrists to examine the basic moral premises of medical ethics that require reformulation because of

Humanistic Perspectives in Medical Ethics

Humanistic Perspectives in Medical Ethics