Perspective Of Residents Research Articles

Resident Perspectives 58–4

Resident Perspectives 58–4

Densification vs Environmental Sustainability: A Study of the Residential Areas of Dhaka

The fast-evolving scenario of the global economy of the past few decades has contributed to the transformation of cities into prime economic hubs providing sustenance for the growing urban populace. In keeping pace with economic development and subsequent demand for shelter, cities are densifying through vertical expansion to avoid urban sprawl. Given the rapid urbanization along with the scarcityof developable urban land, open spaces have become a highly contested commodity, particularly in the residential of the Dhaka megacity. Driven by the profit-maximizing agenda of the developers the ongoing process of residential densification is exacerbating the situation. Urban densification of Dhaka is faced with the challenge in keeping the residential areas sustainable and environmentally friendly. This study attempts to investigate the impact of the densification process on the spatial quality of the residential built environment of Dhaka through the lens of environmental sustainability. The explorative research was conducted through a questionnaire survey, informal interviews, and field survey across seven residential areas of Dhaka undergoing the densification process. The primary data collected from the survey were categorized under four selected environmental aspects. Data collected through the questionnaire survey was analyzed with SPSS and Microsoft Excel. In the second phase, a correlation test was run to investigate the relationship between environmental sustainability and density. The findings revealed that the residential areas under densification intervention are facing an acute shortage of adequate accessible open spaces and the built environment is deprived of solar access, acoustic and visual privacy. But despite these shortcomings the overall livability was reported to be satisfactory from the resident perspective, which indicates a lack of awareness of the inhabitants about the long term environmental and health implications from living under such conditions.

Managing Health Concerns Related to Post-Industrial Sites Redevelopment: A Warsaw, Poland Case Study.

An important issue in the redevelopment of post-industrial sites, e.g., into housing, is the resolution of contaminated land issues, including health risks and environmental protection. The purpose of this article is to examine awareness of this aspect from the perspective of city or such site residents, using Warsaw as an example. Using a survey-style form data collection technique, a total of 55 fully completed survey questionnaires were collected and analysed using cross-tabulation. Furthermore, a desk research methodology was used to study the availability of sources on industrial areas and their transformation from the perspective of different stakeholder groups involved in the development of such areas in Poland. Similarly, information management was assessed from the viewpoint of information communities participating or being affected by redevelopment processes. The survey results evidenced that respondents are aware that post-industrial sites may be contaminated, but do not associate the possibility of potential health risks when residing on or near such sites. The analysis of the management of information on the reurbanisation of post-industrial sites in urban areas in Poland, including the availability of data on location and contamination, revealed a problematic data flow between central and local level authorities and mootable consistency of legal acts. Public awareness of negative phenomena, such as contamination and the consequent health risks associated with dwelling in such sites, can positively influence, as an input to monitoring and enforcement, the actions taken by other stakeholders in the clean-up processes of contaminated sites and force improvements in the management of such information. The flow of information, the activities forming the information function, and the decision-making process can be improved by technologies, such as spatial information systems and their infrastructures, by facilitating the integration of data from multiple sources and consequently enabling the analysis to be extended to include further relevant data.

An improved evaluation method for public service efficiency from the perspective of residents′ perception

Research on Public Service Efficiency (PSE) can provide effective clues for city governors to plan the public service provision well. Whilst extant studies have extensively explored PSE performance, they are hardly oriented to resident perception. In light of this gap, this study presents a PSE evaluation framework by considering the resident perception. The study aims to uncover the PSE performance and to examine the temporal evolution and spatial disparities in a sample of 35 representative Chinese cities. To this end, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Malmquist index are applied, and the data adopted covers the period from 2012 to 2020. The demonstration findings are as follows. (1) The majority of cities in the sample were found to have efficient public services, with the Central region performing better than the Eastern and Western regions in terms of PSE. (2) The Malmquist index shows an overall decline in PSE over the surveyed period except for Chongqing and Shenzhen. (3) The Malmquist index reveals that the Eastern region exhibited the highest degree of volatility, with the Western and Central regions following closely behind. Theoretically, this study provides an effective framework for investigating PSE by taking resident perception into account. The methodology adopted in this study exemplifies how to examine PSE in considering resident perception in a broad context internationally. Practically, the evaluation results can provide valuable references for local managers to customize measures to elevate PSE performance.

'It's always difficult for women': an analysis of the life stories of sub-Saharan migrant women.

The aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of female residents of Spain from West Africa in terms of the factors that condition their lives. Pierre Bourdieu's theory and the model of intersectionality formed the framework we used to qualitatively analyse the life stories of these women, which was complemented with life lines. The results showed us that traditional practices such as female genital mutilation and forced marriage are part of the social habitus of this group and they relate to each other through the several types of violence that occurs throughout their lives. In addition, in reference to the African community, these women were no longer African, while in terms of the Spanish community, they did not seem Spanish. At a health, political, and social level, this knowledge can help us to understand this group and to create personalised targeted interventions for them.

Barriers and Facilitators to Pediatric Resident Education in the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study.

Objective Local resident evaluations of the pediatric emergency department (ED) declined over the last five years. Sparse literature exists on resident perspectives of educational experiences. This study explored the barriers and facilitators to resident education in the Pediatric ED. Methods This qualitative study utilized focus groups at a large pediatric training hospital. Trained facilitators performed semi-structured interviews prompting discussion of resident experiences in the pediatric ED. One pilot and six focus groups (38 pediatric residents) achieved data saturation. Sessions were audio recorded, de-identified and transcribed by a professional service. Three authors (CJ, JM, SS) analyzed the transcripts independently using line-by-line coding. Following code agreement, authors identified central themes drawing on grounded theory. Results Six categories emerged: (1) ED environment, (2) consistent goals, expectations, and resources, (3) ED workflow, (4) preceptor accessibility, (5) resident growth and development, (6) ED preconceived notions. Residents value a respectful work environment despite the chaotic nature of the ED. They need clear goals and expectations with a strong orientation. Autonomy, open communication and shared decision-making allowresidents to feel like team members. Residents gravitate toward welcoming, available preceptors that enthusiastically teach. More ED environment exposure increases comfort and efficiency and helps develop medical decision-making skills. Residents admit ED preconceptions and personality traits affect performance. Conclusion Residents self-identified barriers and facilitators to ED education. Educators must provide a safe and open learning environment, clear rotation expectations and goals, consistent positivity supporting shared decision making, and allow residents autonomy to build their practice styles.

Maintaining High Quality Dosimetry Education in Radiation Oncology Medical Residency Amid and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic: A Reimagined Training Rotation

Maintaining High Quality Dosimetry Education in Radiation Oncology Medical Residency Amid and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic: A Reimagined Training Rotation

Release, Reentry, and Reintegration During COVID-19: Perspectives of Individuals Recently Released from the Federal Bureau of Prisons.

The COVID-19 pandemic had a large negative impact on people in U.S. prisons. Expedited releases from prison were one strategy used to decrease morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. However, little is known about the reentry experiences of those being rapidly released from custody early in the pandemic. We aimed to examine the perspectives of former residents in the Federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) regarding release, reentry, and reintegration into their respective communities. We conducted semistructured interviews with 21 recently released individuals primarily recruited through legal aid organizations between September and October 2021. Subjects were incarcerated before and during the early surge in the COVID-19 pandemic. We coded transcripts thematically with domains developed a priori in which we revised iteratively and inductively based on the data. Several major themes emerged. Participants reported that they needed to advocate for themselves to take advantage of the early release process. Compared with normal circumstances, they reported a lack of reentry planning and preparation before participants were released. Finally, experiences with reintegration varied but were often more challenging due to COVID-19. Residents released during COVID-19 reported many challenges with reentry that could have been mitigated by support and guidance from the BOP. Reentry is a process that should begin prelease and continues postrelease to ensure individuals have adequate structural and social supports. Inadequate reentry support has significant impacts on the health and well-being of recently released individuals and contributes to the broader context of achieving health equity for minitorized groups who are disproportionately overrepresented in prisons. Policy and practice reform is needed to address the time-sensitive, life-threatening challenges individuals face when transitioning from prison to community.

Resident Physician Perspectives on Mindfulness Education in Residency: A Multispecialty Qualitative Assessment of Clinical Care Impact.

Mindfulness training positively influences residents personally and professionally. Routine integration into residency may be impacted by limited understanding of the ways in which mindfulness training enhances clinical care. We explored residents' direct experience and personal application of mindfulness in their clinical work following 10 hours of mindfulness training. Mindfulness training sessions were facilitated between 2017 and 2019 for 5 groups of residents: pediatrics, ophthalmology, postgraduate year (PGY)-1 anesthesiology, and 2 different years of PGY-1 family medicine residents. Training was integrated into resident protected didactic time and attendance was expected, although not mandated, with the exception of pediatrics, in which the department mandated the training. Qualitative evaluation was conducted using a voluntary, semi-structured, de-identified phone interview within 2 months post-training. Reviewers independently coded the transcripts and then dialogued to reach consensus around emergent themes. Thirty-six of 72 residents (50%) who participated in the training completed interviews. Themes were similar across specialties. All residents acknowledged the potential usefulness of mindfulness training during residency. Six residents (17%) reported they had not applied the mindfulness training to their daily work by the end of the course. There were 4 emergent themes related to clinical application of mindfulness training: integrating brief moments of mindfulness practice, self-awareness, relational presence with patients, and maintaining perspective during clinical encounters and residency training as a whole. After completing a 10-hour mindfulness training program, residents reported enhanced perspective-taking and relationship-building with themselves and their patients in clinical settings across medical and procedural specialties.

마을경관에 따른 공동체 의식 변화 분석 - 전주한옥마을을 중심으로 -

In the village, the community consciousness of members appears as a landscape characteristic according to the passage of time. In addition, when the landscape of the village is stabilized, the relationship between members is strengthened. Urban villages change and become outdated depending on social conditions. So, it investigates and analyzes the landscape data of the village and the status of the community. The Jeonju Hanok village, which is the subject of the study, was restored from an slum urban village through urban regeneration projects. The village is a tourist attraction with more than 10 million tourists. However, as the commerce in the village was strengthened, the function of the village was weakening. Also, the existing village landscape was changing for commercial purposes. The current village is in a situation where the restored landscape can be changed again. Therefore, efforts are needed to maintain the landscape of the village and restore its function. Jeonju Hanok village needed a member's perspective, not a resident's perspective. Lastly, the relationship between members can be strengthened only when the village landscape is stable.

Faculty and Resident Perspectives of the Complexity of Wellness Program Implementation: A Qualitative Exploration.

Developing and implementing a wellness curriculum in a family medicine residency program is a complex process. We developed and implemented a new wellness curriculum in line with the national wellness conversation with a focus on the allocation of dedicated resources, the use of evidence-informed interventions, and the goal to be responsive to the feedback of both residents and residency leadership. Our research aim was to better understand the complexity of wellness curriculum implementation with a focus on identification of challenges to implementation. We developed a wellness program with structured curricular elements initially focused on evidence-informed skill development that iterated after year 1 to include more process-oriented elements. For the years 2016-2019 we collected and analyzed qualitative, open-ended survey questions, anonymous resident curriculum feedback, and faculty observation forms to assess resident and faculty perspectives on the new curriculum. One hundred eighty-three survey invitations were sent with 122 total responses (66.7% response rate). Forty-eight of 56 residents responded to at least one survey. We analyzed responses along with the additional qualitative data that revealed several themes impacting the work of residency wellness curriculum implementation. These included how to manage curricular time, where the locus of control for the curricular content resides, and how residents and faculty differ in their definitions of wellness. We believe programs will be well positioned if they further investigate the complex structures at play that influence residency wellness, including both systemic factors and individual and community level interventions, and design curriculum that is well-defined, includes essential elements, and is informed by resident participation.

Obstacle Analysis of Photovoltaic Building Rural Promotion

Photovoltaic buildings are promoted and developed in rural areas in the form of new, efficient and low-carbon clean energy utilization, which is an effective way to achieve the goal of " double carbon. " This chapter first introduces the concept and characteristics of photovoltaic buildings, and then analyzes the obstacles existing in the popularization and application of photovoltaic buildings in rural areas. They are: insufficient government support and tendentiousness, insufficient economic incentive policies, photovoltaic building-related enterprises. There is no upstream and downstream industrial chain, small scale of construction and interest-driven in rural areas, rural residents are bound by traditional concepts and lack of understanding of photovoltaic buildings. Finally, the countermeasures and suggestions for the promotion of photovoltaic buildings in rural areas are put forward from the perspectives of government, enterprises and rural residents.

How does cultural confidence awaken community citizenship behaviors? The moderating effect of cultural involvement

We state that investigating the impact of residents' cultural confidence on their affections and behaviors is worthy of exploration for heritage destinations. Using 666 residents of Quanzhou, a UNESCO World Heritage site, as examples, we employed the SEM technique to investigate how cultural confidence influences community citizenship behavior. As a consequence, not only residents' cultural confidence is positively associated with their affections (i.e., place identity and psychological ownership), but it is also positively associated with their citizenship behaviors (i.e., community citizenship behavior, including recommendation behavior, helping behavior, and feedback behavior). However, we found that cultural involvement would not enhance the positive effect of cultural confidence on place identity. As such, we argue that this study makes contributions by highlighting the importance of cultural confidence in cultural tourism, revealing the unique role of excessive cultural involvement, and providing valuable insights from the perspective of residents. Furthermore, we believe that, given the current competitive conditions in the tourism industry, providing new insights to better understand the roles of residents' cultural confidence and involvement would be critical to the success of heritage tourism.

The lasting impact of COVID-19 on surgical training from the perspective of surgical residents and consultants in Saudi Arabia: a nationwide cross-sectional study

BackgroundSince the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, many precautionary measures have been set to curb the transmission of the virus. That has led to changes, most notably in surgical education, like lack of surgical exposure and clinical activities. However, the question aiming at the impact of changes made by the COVID-19 pandemic on surgical education and its extent remains unanswered.Materials & methodsAn electronic survey was distributed among surgical residents and consultants from all over Saudi Arabia, starting from the 6th till the 21st of July, 2021. Descriptive statistics were presented using counts and proportions (%). Study subjects were compared with the different perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic by using Chi-square test. A p-value cut-off point of 0.05 at 95% CI was used to determine statistical significance.ResultsA total of 243 out of 500 surgical residents and consultants responded to the survey, giving a response rate of 48.6%. The majority were general surgeons (50.5%) and cardiothoracic surgeons (21.8%). Nearly 66% of surgeons, both residents and consultants, strongly agreed on the importance of training for infectious disease outbreaks. 44.7% of the consultants and 48% of the residents showed their willingness to respond to the pandemic regardless of its severity. Over 70% of surgeons agreed that developing clinical skills was compromised by the COVID-19 pandemic, and 40% expected a negative impact of the COVID-19 on their operative skills. Simulation was ranked best for disaster medicine training by over 77% of the respondents. The most common concern among surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic was their family’s health and safety. Regarding virtual curriculum components, online practice questions and surgical videos were preferred by the surgical consultant and resident, respectively.ConclusionsAlthough the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted surgical education, it has highlighted the alarming need for adopting new components. For surgical training programs, we recommend improving the virtual curriculum, incorporating disaster medicine training, providing psychological services, and prioritizing immunization and treatment access for surgeons’ families.

Development of the Music Therapy in Transition to Long-Term Care Model.

Transition to long-term care can be a challenging period for older adults, with high risk for negative outcomes, including depression, anxiety, and fear. However, music therapy has the potential to enhance related protective factors because it emphasizes individual strengths by leveraging culture-specific resources, facilitates relationships and a sense of belonging through joint music-making, and provides opportunities to process and make sense of one's experiences in the "new normal" through sharing of music-related emotions. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of older adult long-term care residents, their care team staff, and their music therapists to develop a conceptual framework for the role of music therapy in older adults' transition and adjustment to long-term care. A grounded theory approach was used to conceptualize this process. Interviews with 17 participants were transcribed and analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. The resulting theoretical model describes a progression of qualities and benefits of music therapy that leads to residents "feeling their best self." Related categories include: Music therapy is accessible and engaging; Music therapy is personal and meaningful; Music therapy acts as a bridge to other resources; Music therapy facilitates transformation; and Music therapy facilitates community integration. This initial theoretical model provides a foundation for clinical assessment and interventions. Future research is needed for continued testing and refining this theory.

Resident Perspectives 58–3

Resident Perspectives 58–3

Resident Perception of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pelvic Anatomy Curriculum: A National Survey [ID: 1377994

INTRODUCTION: As a surgical subspeciality, mastering pelvic anatomy for the ob-gyn resident is imperative in performing successful surgical procedures. The objective of this study was to conduct a national survey to examine the ob-gyn resident perspective on their residency's pelvic anatomy curriculum. METHODS: An 18-question survey was distributed to all 241 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education program coordinators. The survey was circulated electronically on four different dates, and all information was collected anonymous. All statistical analysis was done using SPSS 2.0. RESULTS: A total of 180 (31.0%) residents responded out of 582 possible residents from the 28 programs that responded to our survey. The majority of residents, 172 (95.5%), were between the ages 25 and 34, 155 (86.1%) identified as female, and 25 (69.4%) programs were academic. Out of the respondents, 104 (58.10%) experienced formal education on pelvic anatomy and 138 (77.53%) had a formal surgical simulation. There were 159 (88.83%) residents who had protected lecture time for pelvic anatomy, and only 100 (62.9%) found the lectures to be educational. On a scale of 1–10, the average was 7.5 when residents were asked whether they felt that obstetrics and gynecology programs should have time in an anatomy lab and 9.0 when asked if they felt that formal training in anatomy lab would help them become a better surgeon. On multivariable analysis, residents who had formal education on pelvic anatomy and a surgical simulation curriculum felt that their residency program was more likely to adequately train them in all aspects of obstetrics and gynecology (P<.05). CONCLUSION: Pelvic anatomy education is a important for ob-gyn residents. Only 60% of programs have a formal pelvic anatomy curriculum and 89% had formal lectures on pelvic anatomy, with most residents finding pelvic anatomy lectures to be unhelpful. Residency programs should consider adding hands-on anatomy program to their curriculum to adequately train their residents in the field of obstetrics and gynecology.

Nursing Home Resident, Family, and Staff Perspectives on Achieving Comfort at End of Life: A Qualitative Study.

Increasing numbers of US older adults die in long-term care facilities. This qualitative study explored nursing home resident, family member, and staff perspectives and preferences regarding end-of-life care for the resident. From 67 potential participants referred by staff, 47 were found eligible and consented, including 16 residents, 10 family members, and 20 staff. A semistructured questionnaire guided the interview process and included questions such as what matters most at the end of life and whether participants would opt for any of the 8 aggressive treatments proposed for a resident at the end of life. Data were analyzed using descriptive and pattern coding for thematic interpretation. The 3 themes that emerged were centrality of comfort, what matters most at the end of life, and promoting comfort. All participant groups overwhelmingly endorsed comfort as a priority. Some participants would accept aggressive treatment to alleviate suffering and promote comfort. Residents were concerned about the well-being of their families, whereas family members emphasized the importance of their presence and that their dying relatives were not suffering. Staff sometimes filled this role on their behalf. Ancillary staff emphasized bathing, dressing, and grooming the resident to preserve the resident's dignity. The results support comfort as a priority for care at the end of life and the need for more discussion to increase mutual agreement on goals of care and what promotes comfort for the resident and family.

Local Perspectives on Spatial Accessibility to Market in the Afram Plains, Ghana

The capacity to reach surrounding areas from a location, commonly known as spatial accessibility, is crucial in the economic development of such a location. The Afram Plains in Ghana, despite been touted as the food basket of the country, has long struggled with poor spatial accessibility due to the lack of reliable transport infrastructure. This problem negatively impacts the movement of people and products, which ultimately hinders the economic development of the area. This research aimed at capturing the perspectives of Afram Plains' residents regarding their spatial access to nearby markets. A mixed-method approach comprising survey questionnaire, interviews, and geographic information system (GIS) was utilized. The results affirmed that movement within the area, particularly to market, is difficult. Again, due to limited transport facilities, many people resort to walking as their primary means of transportation. These findings are expected to provide some vital ideas for future road planning in the area.

Perspectives of Indian dental residents on novel online practical examination during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the graduating dental residents' perspectives on the online clinical examination format. The questionnaire used to assess the perspectives was developed via a focus group discussion and was validated for face and content validity, readability testing, and pilot testing for the online version.Thisself-administered, online questionnaire integrated 15 Likert-scale-based multiple choice questions and one open-ended question. It was distributed to the residents across 16 dental schools afterthe clinical examination was completed.Theperspectives regarding examination preparation, the ability to transition to online mode, and the performance in the examination were assessed. Descriptive statistical analysis (counts and percentages) was performed. A total of 256 subjects participated in the study by returning the online survey. In the preparation phase, 70.7% (n=181) residents reported anxiety and 56.1% (n=144) reported stress. During the examinations, only 13.6% (n=35) of the participants reported difficulty with internet speed. The majority, 64.6% (n=165) of the participants reported that the absence of an external examiner face-to-face reduced anxiety.The compiled answers to the open-ended question revealed that residents expressed inconvenience in digitizing the academic logbooks and clinical work. The poor quality of sound and images affected the display of skills. The study revealed a moderate level of acceptance for the novel online practical examination method. The residents reported stress before and during the examination due to the sudden transition to an online examination. The online practical examination with modifications might be a viable alternative to the in-person clinical examination.