Planning Perspective Research Articles

Exploring Contributions of J. G. Carrasco Ramirez

J.G.Carrasco Ramirez, an international lawyer specializing in Strategic Planning, AI, Information Architectures, and Machine Learning, has made notable contributions to academic research, particularly in management and small business domains. Based in the USA, Carrasco Ramirez's work has been featured in esteemed academic journals, with a recent focus on analyzing the CR model from a planning perspective. This paper aims to provide an extensive overview of Carrasco Ramirez's academic endeavors, with a primary emphasis on his latest research from 2023, offering insights into the impact of his work on strategic planning. Over the past five years, Carrasco Ramirez has published extensively in renowned international journals, covering topics such as Information Architecture, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and applications in various sectors, including healthcare and small business management. Carrasco Ramirez's diverse research interests demonstrate his commitment to exploring cutting-edge topics and their practical implications.

Identify Appropriate Variables Through Scenario Planning Perspective for Creative Tourism in Iran

Identify Appropriate Variables Through Scenario Planning Perspective For Creative Tourism In Iran. This study explores the major factors affecting the creative tourism market in Iran and their potential to drive national and regional development in the long run. The study employs the MicMac and Scenario Wizard software to identify the variables and their relationships and influence on each other. The study finds that communication infrastructure is a general factor that affects all guest communities, while others are specific to capital attraction from Middle Eastern countries. These include improving political relations with these countries and digital advertising and marketing of Iran’s development. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a new teaching methodology on student performance in mathematics. The methodology involved a combination of interactive lectures, group discussions, and hands-on activities. A quasi-experimental design was used, with one group of students receiving the new methodology and a control group receiving traditional teaching methods. The study was conducted over the course of one semester with pre- and post-tests administered to both groups. The results showed a significant improvement in the performance of the experimental group compared to the control group. The experimental group had a mean post-test score of 87.5, compared to the control group’s mean score of 76.2. The influence graph shows the relationships between the variables and how they influence one another, and the spatial structure of the direct driving forces of creative tourism development in Iran is indicated at a rate of 25%. This research offers insights and recommendations for policymakers, tourism practitioners, and scholars interested in the development of creative tourism in Iran. These findings suggest that the new teaching methodology can be an effective way to improve student performance in mathematics. Further research could explore the impact of this methodology on other subjects and in different settings. Keywords: Foresight, Tourism planning, Creative tourism, MicMac, Scenario Wizard.

Descriptions of the relationship between human health and green infrastructure in six Nordic comprehensive plans

The link between green infrastructure (GI) and human health and well-being (HH&W) is well-established. While land use planning is fundamental for delivering increased and equitable HH&W outcomes, whether and to what extent this is implemented in planning practice is largely unknown.This study performed a content analysis of six Nordic comprehensive plans regarding terms, connections, and goals used to describe the GI-HH&W relationship in order to identify the conditions set for developing health-promoting GI in strategic planning interventions.The results revealed common, varied, and nuanced terminology describing GI in all six plans, while health outcomes were non-specifically described and less consistently referred to. Similarly, connections between and goals related to GI and HH&W outcomes were rarely mentioned and expressed only in general terms. This lack of nuance may lead to uncertainty concerning (i) land claims required and (ii) how to configure allocated land in order to promote HH&W via GI. Overall, current descriptions fail to acknowledge that health outcomes vary with properties of GI, and may thus fail to provide sufficient arguments to withstand other land use interests. From a strategic planning perspective, the general description of the GI-HH&W relationship may create additional uncertainties for prioritization in subsequent planning phases.

Private Rented Sector (PRS) – characteristics and intended use classification in spatial planning acts

The aim of this study was to raise and present issues related to the characteristics of lease agreements concluded on the Polish private rental market, as well as to try correctly qualify private rental sector investments from the perspective of the spatial planning acts. In the coming years, following the trends of Western Europe, this market should gain noticeable importance also in Poland, while its importance is often overlooked or underestimated. The following article presents the Polish private rental sector itself, identifies the features and assumptions significant to this investment model, and examines the institutional lease agreement as a separate lease relationship.Moreover, in case of the private rental sector, there is a practical issue of qualifying these investments under the spatial planning acts. The following article attempts to present the ambiguous status of such projects and to decide whether, from the spatial planning perspective, these projects are closer to residential or service zoning purpose. In the face of clear interpretation discrepancies with regard to the qualification of private rental sector investments, it is necessary to set clearer qualification limits for these types of investment, and thus clear qualification limits for these investments in relation to the spatial planning acts. Failure to do so will lead to a negative increase in the role of construing the existing spatial planning regulations by entities involved in individual investment processes, potentially leading to further accumulation of discrepancies.

Whole ofgovernment approaches to accelerate adolescent success: efficiency andfinancing considerations.

The multiple domains of development covered by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) present a practical challenge for governments. This is particularly acute in highly resource-constrained settings which use a sector-by-sector approach to structure financing and prioritization. One potentially under-prioritized solution is to implement interventions with the potential to simultaneously improve multiple outcomes across sectors, what United Nations Development Programme refer to as development 'accelerators'. An increasing number of accelerators are being identified in the literature. There are, however, challenges associated with the evaluation and implementation of accelerators. First, as accelerators have multiple benefits, possibly in different sectors, they will be undervalued if the priority setting is conducted sector-by-sector. Second, even if their value is recognized, accelerators may not be adopted if doing so clashes with any of the multiple competing interests policymakers consider, of which efficiency/social desirability is but one. To illustrate the first challenge, and outline a possible solution, we conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the implementation of three sector-specific interventions to an accelerator, first using a sector-by-sector planning perspective, then a whole of government approach. The case study demonstrates how evaluating the cost-effectiveness of interventions sector-by-sector can lead to suboptimal efficiency rankings and overlook interventions that are efficient from a whole of government perspective. We then examine why recommendations based on a whole of government approach to evaluation are unlikely to be heeded. To overcome this second challenge, we outline a menu of existing and novel financing mechanisms that aim to address the mismatch between political incentives and logistical constraints in the priority setting and the economic evaluation evidence for cost-effective accelerators. These approaches to financing accelerators have the potential to improve efficiency, and in doing so, progress towards the SDGs, by aligning political incentives more closely with recommendations based on efficiency rankings.

Generator Interconnection, Network Expansion, and Energy Transition

Inefficient coordination between decentralized generation investment and centralized transmission planning is a significant barrier to achieving rapid decarbonization in liberalized electricity markets. While the optimal configuration of the transmission grid depends on the relative social costs of competing technologies, existing processes have not led to transmission expansion consistent with declines in the cost of wind and solar combined with increased estimates of the social costs of traditional thermal resources. This paper describes the negative feedback loop preventing efficient interconnection of new resources in U.S. markets, its connection to conceptual flaws in current resource adequacy constructs, and the ways in which it protects incumbent generators. To help resolve these issues, the paper recommends a shift to a “connect and manage” approach and outlines a straw proposal for a new financial right connected with transmission service. From a generator perspective, the effect of the proposed reforms is to trade highly uncertain network upgrade and congestion costs for a fixed interconnection fee. From a transmission planning perspective, the goal is to improve the quality of information about new generation included in forward-looking planning processes. Simulation on a stylized two-node system demonstrates the potential of the approach to facilitate a transition to clean technologies.

Comparative review of Smart City from an urban planning perspective in Johor Bahru City and Petaling Jaya City

Smart cities are of great importance globally, and Malaysia recognizes this importance. The Malaysian government has launched various initiatives to encourage the ‘Smart City’ such as the framework (Malaysia Smart City Framework), blueprints, action plans, and standard, the Malaysian Standard for Smart Cities. The outlines the definitions, key principles, and strategies for adopting smart cities in Malaysia’s development. This study aimed to contribute to the understanding of smart city development in Malaysia and provide valuable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers in their efforts to create sustainable and efficient cities. The objective of this study is to compare the approaches and outcomes of smart city development between Johor Bahru City, Johor, and Petaling Jaya City, Selangor. This has analyzed and comprehended the trends in various features of smart city development of the cities. The study found that Johor Bahru City is making more efforts to develop as a smart city through effective governance and strategic planning for short-term and long-term goals same as Petaling Jaya City but focuses more on a one-stop center which promotes community togetherness with the governance. Nevertheless, at the regional level, Johor Bahru City has the Iskandar Malaysia Smart City Framework promoting Sustainable Smart City Vision, followed by the Johor Smart City Blueprint at the state level, and implemented via blueprints at the local authorities, which sets it apart from Petaling Jaya City. Both cities have well-planned smart city initiatives that integrate technology, energy, and the environment, including support for smart city components that suit their needs. Despite facing challenges, the city serves as a model for smart and sustainable development.

Generation Alpha and family business: a perspective article

PurposeThis paper discusses the key features of Generation Alpha from the perspective of their implications for future family business.Design/methodology/approachThe signals perspective is used to review academic and non-academic literature to highlight the key features of Generation Alpha that can be relevant to family business.FindingsExtensive use of digital technology, perceptions of learning, work and a work–life balance and attitudes towards sustainability and social responsibility are the key features of Generation Alpha that hold significant implications for the strategies and operations of future family business.Originality/valueThis is the first paper considering Generation Alpha in the context of future family business, which discusses the key features of this generation from the perspective of succession planning.

Urban built heritage protection and realistic dilemmas: the development process, protection system, and critical thinking of historic districts in Dalian

In China, the northeastern region has preserved many valuable modern built heritage buildings, which are undergoing difficult exploratory protection during the industrial and urbanisation process. Taking Dalian city as a case study, this article retraces the history of Dalian’s opening up and colonial management from the perspective of urban planning and historic district protection and management systems. This article sorts out the influence of national and local institutional policies on Dalian’s urban construction and development to analyse the past evolution, current problems and internal causes of the renovation and protection of Dalian’s typical historic districts. This influence is mainly reflected in the lack of protection and damage done to unofficial heritage, the disconnection between historic districts and the surrounding environments and urban textures, and the Chinese-style transformation and economic decline of exotic areas. This paper calls for attention to and the rapid clarification of the built heritage list, the improvement of planning and protection systems and related supporting policies, and a focus on the protection of the authenticity of colonial heritage. This paper provides strategic guidance for improving the protection of historic districts in Dalian in Northeast China and hopes to serve as a reference for the protection of built heritage in other nonfamous historic and cultural cities.

Overview of The Management of The Embroidery Skills Program as Efforts To Empower Youth in Panti Sosial Bina Remaja Harapan, Padang Panjang City

This research is motivated by success of embroidery skills training program which was marked by the success of the embroidery training participants at the UPTD Social Institution for Youth Development in Padang Pnajang City who were absorbed in the world of work market. This is allegedly due to the management of the implementation of the training program. This study aims to describe the management of the embroidery skills program in terms of planning, evaluation and implementation. It is type research a quantitative descriptive research. The subjects of this study were embroidery training participants at the UPTD Center for Community Development in Padang Panjang City. The samples taken were 50 training participants. The collection data technique used by researchers is a questionnaire. Data collection instrument used by researchers is a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the percentage formula. The results of the research show that the management of embroidery skills Training Program at the UPTD Social Institution for Bina Adolescents in Padang Panjang City, from a planning perspective, was categorized as a planned program according to needs. Second, in terms of implementation, the material provided is categorized as needed. Third, in terms of evaluation, it is categorized as training participants who are able to understand the theory and practice provided well.Keywords: Program management, training institusion

On the trace of the 2014 FIFA World Cup: critical reflections on the production of urban space in Itaquera, São Paulo, SP

The 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil gave rise to a series of studies on the production of space and tourism and the participation of mega-events in urban planning. The planning of the space aimed at hosting the FIFA World Cup reoriented the social practice of the host cities and deepened the existing segregations. This work aims to analyze the process of production of urban space as a result of mega-events based on the case study of the neighborhood of Itaquera, São Paulo, based on a critical perspective and considering the demands of the population. From the neoliberal perspective of strategic planning applied in cities, we seek to understand the production of space in the host city, from the point of view of public decisions and also from the perception of the local population. For this, interviews were conducted with residents of Itaquera. When reflecting on Itaquera, we identify that a new centrality is established, which helps us to understand the ongoing processes of space production in the region. Although part of the urban transformations took place during the city's preparation period for the mega-event, the criticism presented in this work rests on a modus operandi according to which the collective production of a fairer and more accessible space for the population effectively did not come true.

Transformative Potential of Vertical Farming—An Urban Planning Investigation Using Multi-Level Perspective

Due to different global trends, such as climate change and urbanization, challenges to the food supply in cities have become more permanent. As a new form of efficient and climate-resilient food production, vertical farming addresses these challenges but is not yet fully embedded in the context of urban planning. Thus, from the perspective of urban planning, this investigation aims to assess the potential of vertical farming in the context of large-scale transformation. Therefore, this paper uses the multi-level perspective. In this context, vertical farming is a so-called niche innovation at a lower level that forces establishment in the superordinate regime—here, urban planning. By using the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOTs) methodology, this paper presents the advantages and disadvantages of vertical farming, as well as its implications for urban planning. A final comparison of these aspects leads to six conditions paired with recommendations, which are considered necessary for the successful stabilization of this niche innovation.

An urban planning perspective on enhancing electric vehicle (EV) adoption: Evidence from Beijing

With increasing concerns for environmental sustainability and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, electric vehicles have emerged as a promising solution. However, successful adoption and widespread use of electric vehicles depend not only on technological advancements but also on the availability and effectiveness of supporting facilities and conducive environments. This research employs structural equation models to examine the influential factors related to urban planning that impact individuals' willingness to adopt electric vehicles. Data were collected from a diverse sample of 4011 Beijing residents. The study underscores the pivotal role of urban conditions and travel patterns in driving people's preference for electric vehicles, with influential factors including access to green spaces, high-rise buildings, parking availability, loan accessibility, commute time, and housing ownership. Then, variations in willingness and influencing factors between urban and suburban residents are observed, with urban residents being more susceptible to the impact of motorized travel modes and suburban property ownership directly affecting electric vehicle usage. Additionally, certain variables exhibit mediating and moderating effects on electric vehicle preferences. The study highlights the multi-factorial nature of electric vehicle adoption from a planning view, distinguishing itself from prior research focused on isolated elements and simplistic associations. The outcomes provide policymakers and urban planners with effective strategies to facilitate widespread electric vehicle adoption and promote sustainable transportation practices.

A review on resilient cities research from the perspective of territorial spatial planning: a bibliometric analysis

With the rapid progression of urbanization, cities are increasingly confronted with multifaceted challenges encompassing climate change, population expansion, and resource constraints. Consequently, fostering the development of resilient cities has emerged as a pivotal imperative within future territorial spatial planning. In this paper, we searched the Web of Science Core Collection database for data related to resilient cities in the perspective of territorial spatial planning from 2004 to 2022, and conducted a bibliometric analysis using the Bibliometrix R software package. The results show that: (1) From 2004 to 2022, the number of papers in the field of resilient cities research in the perspective of land spatial planning totaled 933, with a fluctuating upward trend of annual publications. The top three journals in terms of publication are Sustainability, Cities and Landscape and Urban Planning. (2) There are 2,651 researchers from 71 countries or regions contributing to the field,with the top three authors being SHARIFI A, BRUNETTA G, and BARTHEL S, but most of the authors (90.49%) have published only one paper. In addition, developed countries have strong research strength in this field. (3) The top ten keywords in the field of resilient cities research from the perspective of territorial spatial planning are Cities/City, Resilience, Management, Ecosystem services, Climate-change, Urban, Framework, Adaptation, Governance and Space. These keywords reflect the fact that topics related to resilience management and sustainable development of urban areas are hot topics in the field. Water, Health, Geography, Demand, Decision-Making and Built Environment are the research directions of resilient cities from the perspective of future territorial spatial planning.

Satellite-Based Optimization and Planning of Urban Ventilation Corridors for a Healthy Microclimate Environment

Urban ventilation corridors (UVCs) have the potential to effectively mitigate urban heat islands and air pollution. Shanghai, a densely populated city located in eastern China, is among the hottest cities in the country and requires urgent measures in order to enhance its ventilation system. This study introduces a novel approach that integrates land surface temperature retrieval, PM2.5 concentration retrieval, and wind field simulation to design UVCs at the city level. Through remote sensing data inversion of land surface temperature (LST) and PM2.5 concentration, the study identifies the action spaces and compensation spaces for UVCs. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, coupled with the multilayer urban scheme Building Effect Parameterization (BEP) model, is employed to numerically simulate and analyze the wind field. Based on the identification of thirty high-temperature zones and high PM2.5 concentration zones as action spaces, and twenty-two low-temperature zones and low PM2.5 concentration zones as compensation spaces in Shanghai, the study constructs seven first-class ventilation corridors and nine secondary ventilation corridors according to local circulation patterns. Unlike previous UVC research, this study assesses the cleanliness of cold air, which is a common oversight in UVC planning. Ignoring the assessment of cold air cleanliness can result in less effective UVCs in improving urban air quality and even exacerbate air pollution in the central city. Therefore, this study serves as a crucial contribution by rectifying this significant deficiency. It not only provides a fresh perspective and methodology for urban-scale ventilation corridor planning but also contributes to enhancing the urban microclimate by mitigating the effects of urban heat islands and reducing air pollution, ultimately creating a livable and comfortable environment for urban residents.

Curricular innovation as a strategy for improvement in educational careers

This article was derived from a research project and its objective is to systematize the results of the diagnosis in the curricular improvement as part of the evaluation of the teaching-learning content of the redesigns in the Psychopedagogy and Initial Education careers of the Universidad Laica Vicente Rocafuerte of Guayaquil. The problem was related to the need to refine the designs of the careers, which starts from the revision of the curricular design approved in 2016 by the Council of Higher Education where critical-reflective scenarios were raised that justified the need for curricular innovation. Work tables were organized that promoted a hermeneutical exercise, to obtain support information in the curricular update and production of knowledge about the elaborated design. The approach considered was mixed, with a non-experimental descriptive design. A survey was applied to teachers and students on situations observed in the curricular design and an interview to the graduates who were part of the analyzed fabric and includes the exploration of resources to diagnose the practice and lay the foundations of the new curricular design. From this, different perspectives of future curricular planning were determined, to respond to the sustainability of the quality of Higher Education in educational careers. The changes analyzed and proposed for the academic organization of the curriculum based on the diagnosis made, will favor the contextualization of knowledge and the articulation of substantive processes in order to optimize the profile of the future professional through innovation.

Headwinds in the heartland? Hazard planning lessons from six inland jurisdictions in the southern plains

The recent 20th anniversary of the adoption of the United States’ Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000 (DMA) offers an occasion to reflect on the performance of the intergovernmental policy framework it created to incentivize local hazard mitigation planning. Researchers know little about the status of local hazard mitigation planning in oft-overlooked inland communities and they know little about high-quality mitigation planning in the middle of the country. This study helps fill these gaps with a multistate, six-county comparative case study approach in the Southern Plains using data collected from the evaluation of plan documents and interviews with key informants. Our three core findings are: (1) the hazard mitigation plans tend to be of low to mediocre quality; (2) the networks of hazard mitigation stakeholders vary widely in composition and leadership, some replicating emergency management networks suited to preparedness and response and some much better suited to the quite different demands of long-term mitigation work; and (3) the types of consultants and their roles also varied across the six cases, bringing expertise characteristic of narrow emergency management perspectives to more integrated expertise in long-range land use and infrastructure planning perspectives. Without the requirements of the DMA, it is difficult to imagine that thousands of communities would have dedicated millions of dollars and untold hours to develop mitigation plans. Yet, as our findings show, the DMA is likely in need of a major overhaul, in spite of recent efforts like the new Federal Emergency Management Agency Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities program.

The factors influencing urban health in Jakarta Province during Covid-19 outbreak

The rapid urbanization in Jakarta has given rise to a wide range of urban problems, characterized by an imbalance between the population growth rate and urban resources. This imbalance has resulted in a decline in the quality of urban services, making the population highly venerable to diseases, particularly during and after the Covid-19 outbreak. Relevant studies have indicated that variables related to infrastructure, social and economic determinants can affect urban health. However, the literature exploring the relationship between health determinants and urban health from an urban planning perspective is still limited. The aim of the research is to examine the relationship between health determinants and urban health in Jakarta Province during the Covid-19 outbreak. The study employed Partial Least Square (PLS) path modeling using smartPLS software, while data were collected through questionnaires administered to 317 Jakarta residents. The results showed that urban health determinants, represented by the built environment/infrastructure and social determinants, significantly and positively impacted the physical health of Jakarta residents. However, the urban health determinants insignificant on the mental health of Jakarta residents during Covid-19. It was also found that built environment/infrastructure had a greater influence on physical health than other determinants. This impact was significant for both neighborhoods that are well-resourced and under-resourced. The influence of the social determinant on physical health significantly varied between these neighborhoods. This research emphasized the importance of stakeholders focusing on improving the population’s quality of life and health through the built environment/infrastructure and social determinants.

Hybrid Additive Manufacturing: A Review from a Process Planning Perspective

Currently, in manufacturing industries, hybrid manufacturing (HM) has emerged as a paradigm shift since it provides numerous benefits which include lead time reduction, cost savings and waste minimization. Hybrid additive manufacturing (HAM), being one of the tiers of HM, couples additive technology with traditional or non-conventional technologies resulting in the enhancement of product performance. For efficient part fabrication considering technical, economic, and environmental benefits, process planning is vital. The literature review reveals that due to the unexplored potential of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies and lack of knowledge of complexities in HAM, the process planning in HAM is still in its infancy. By providing a systematic literature review of different techniques of process planning, this paper tries to bridge this research gap in HAM. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities in process planning of HAM are also discussed which will help to exploit the future horizons in this field. Ninety-six journal research articles were considered in the systematic literature review (SLR) study which uncovered eight categories of process planning and fifteen challenges and opportunities for future trends. It is concluded that a large research gap in the process planning of HAM needs to be fulfilled to secure time and enhance quality and functionality in the advanced manufacturing era.

An XGBoost-SHAP approach to quantifying morphological impact on urban flooding susceptibility

Urban flooding risks, often overlooked by conventional methods, can be profoundly affected by city configurations. However, explainable Artificial Intelligence could provide insights into how urban configurations affected urban flooding. This study, taking entered on Shenzhen City, deploys an XGBoost, integrating SHapley Additive exPlanation and Partial Dependency Plots, to assess how urban morphology influences urban flooding susceptibility. The models and strategies presented in this study aimed to adapt to extreme storms from the perspective of city spatial configuration planning. The findings underscore the varying impact of disaster variables on urban flooding, with morphological attributes becoming highly significant during severe inundations. In the analysis, mean building volume emerged as a pivotal parameter, with a mean SHAP value of 0.0107 m and a contribution ratio of 9.70 %. The study indicates that building configurations should be optimized to minimize urban flooding risks. It is recommended that the Mean Building Volume (MBV) be maintained within the range of 1.25 km3 to 2.5 km3, and the Standard Deviation of Building Volume (SDBV) be kept below 2.814 km3. By harnessing explainable Artificial Intelligence algorithms, this study offers insights into the intricate relationship between urban forms and flood risk, thereby informing the development of effective urban flooding adaptation strategies.