Landscape Ecology Perspective Research Articles

Optimization of Rural Settlement Distributions Based On the Ecological Security Pattern: A Case Study of Da’an City in Jilin Province of China

Following the trends of Chinese rural transformation development, and the sustainable development goals for resources and environment, reasonable arranging the potential development space and the ecological space, so as to optimize the distributions of rural settlement would be the key challenge for rural areas in ecologically fragile regions. From the perspective of maintaining regional ecological security, this paper takes Da’an City, a typical ecological fragile region in Jilin Province, as the case area, constructing the comprehensive ecological security pattern (ESP) on basis of landscape ecology, and applying the landscape pattern indexes to quantitative analysis the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements. Then, different optimization directions and management strategies are put forward for rural settlements in each secure zone under the comprehensive ESP. The experimental results showed that 1) the area of the low security zone, the general security zone, the moderate security zone and the extreme security zone was 1570.18 km2, 1463.36 km2, 1215.80 km2 and 629.77 km2, representing 32.18%, 29.99%, 24.92% and 12.91% of the total area of the target area, respectively. 2) The rural settlements in Da’an City were characterized by a high degree of fragmentation with a large number of small-scale patches. 3) The area of rural settlements in the ecological relocation zone, the in situ remediation zone, the limited development zone and the key development zone was 22.80 km2, 42.31 km2, 36.28 km2 and 19.40 km2, accounting for 18.88%, 35.03%, 30.04% and 16.06% of the total area of rural settlements, respectively. Then, different measures were proposed for settlements in different optimization zones in order to scientifically plan important ecological space, production space and living space in rural areas. This paper aims to provide fundamental support for rural settlements based on redistribution from the perspective of landscape ecology and provide insights for rural planning and rural habitat environmental improvement.

Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Urban Surface Temperature and Its Relationship with Landscape Metrics and Vegetation Cover in Rapid Urbanization Region

Under the trend of rapid urbanization, the urban heat island (UHI) effect has become a hot issue for scholars to study. In order to better alleviate UHI effect, it is important to understand the effect of landuse/landcover (LULC) and landscape patterns on the urban thermal environment from perspective of landscape ecology. This research aims to quantitatively investigate the effect of LULC landscape patterns on UHI effects more accurately based on a landscape metrics analysis. In addition, we also explore the complex relationship between land surface temperature (LST) and vegetation cover. Taking Zhengzhou City of China as a case study, an integrated method which includes the geographic information system (GIS), remote-sensing (RS) technology, and landscape metrics was employed to facilitate the analysis. Landsat data (2000–2014) were applied to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution patterns of LST and LULC. The results indicated that the mean LST value increased by 2.32°C between 2000 and 2014. The rise of LST was consistent with the trend of rapid urbanization in Zhengzhou City, which resulted in sharp increases in impervious surfaces (IS) and substantial losses of vegetation cover. Furthermore, the investigation of LST and vegetation cover demonstrated that fractional vegetation cover (FVC) had a stronger negative effect on LST than normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI). In addition, LST was obviously correlated with LULC landscape patterns, and both landscape composition and spatial configuration affected UHI effects to varying degrees. This study not only illustrates a feasible way to investigate the relationship between LULC and urban thermal environment but also suggests some important measures to improve urban planning to reduce UHI effects for sustainable development.

A Method for Monitoring the Spatial Distribution of Nutrients from the Perspective of Landscape Ecology

Zhang, W., 2020. A method for monitoring the spatial distribution of nutrients from the perspective of landscape ecology. In: Malvárez, G. and Navas, F. (eds.), Global Coastal Issues of 2020. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 95, pp. 182–186. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.In order to quantify the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrient salts and monitor the ecological landscape characteristics of the spatial distribution of nutrients, a monitoring model based on fuzzy set theory for spatial distribution of ecological landscape characteristics of nutrient salts is proposed, in which the spatial distribution of nutrient salts is used to cluster the ecological landscape. The fuzzy constraint parameter model of ecological landscape feature monitoring of spatial distribution of nutrient salts is constructed based on the constraint index set, such as beauty, landscape natural fusion and energy saving and environmental protection, and so on. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to construct the statistical analysis model of spatial distribution monitoring of nutrient salts from the perspective of landscape ecology, and the fuzzy set theory is used to design the optimal control model of the monitoring model of spatial distribution characteristics of nutrient salts. The ecological landscape feature monitoring problem of nutrient spatial distribution is transformed into the binary programming problem of seeking fuzzy set. The spatial distribution characteristic map analysis and principal component feature extraction method of nutrient salt are adopted. The spatial distribution of nutrient salts in landscape is optimized to monitor the spatial distribution characteristics of nutrient salts. The results of empirical analysis show that the monitoring of ecological landscape characteristics of spatial distribution of nutrients is more accurate, more stable and more efficient.

Study on the transformed farmland landscape in rural areas of southwest China: A case study of Chongqing

Exploring the characteristics and trends of rural farmland landscape transformation under the background of socioeconomic differentiation can help clarify the desires and needs of farmers in diverse rural areas and formulate scientifically-based strategies for rural managers in agricultural land management. The farmland landscape in Southwest China's rural areas is transforming from livelihood-oriented extensive agriculture to market-oriented intensive agriculture through agricultural land use conversion, planting structure adjustment, and large-scale farmland management. This paper used Google Earth's high-definition remote sensing imagery and selected typical townships from Chongqing Municipality for comparison to clarify the transformation characteristics and trends of rural farmland landscapes in Southwest China from the landscape ecology perspective. The results show that the formation of the transformed farmland landscape (TFL) bases on the conversion of cultivated land (mainly grain crop production), accompanies by a small amount of forest, shrub, and grassland. The characteristics of the TFL landscape pattern in each township are significantly different. And there is a significant agglomeration trend, mainly concentrates in low-altitude areas. TFL presents mostly a type of economic fruit forest planting in areas with large topographic fluctuations and vegetable planting in areas with low topographic fluctuations. TFL in rural areas of Southwest China is multifunctional agricultural land, formed by the combination of a forest transition process and agricultural intensification. It is essentially the functional transformation of cultivated land based on the joint action of farmers' needed economic benefits and government-supported ecological policies. • The landscape of rural farmland in Southwest China has undergone a transformation. • The theoretical background of transformed farmland landscape (TFL) is presented. • The spatiotemporal variation of TFL is explored through typical case studies. • The development modes and enlightenment of TFL are summarized. • The rural TFL has positive implications for improving rural development.

Study on Protection of Xinghu Wetland in Zhaoqing

Zhaoqing Xinghu Wetland is a city center wetland. Due to the recent urban development and a lack of supplementary water resources, the landscape pattern of Xinghu Wetland has changed, and the original ecosystem services of the wetland have been degraded. From the perspective of landscape ecology, referring to the Steinitz landscape design method, this question is problem-oriented, asks questions, collects data, and then analyzes the solution to the problem, explores the ecological restoration of Xinghu wetland, partitions the wetlands, and organizes the protection planning in stages. Focus on water environment treatment planning, reduce human interference, and let nature do the work. The implementation results show that the ecological environment of Xinghu Wetland has been effectively restored, and the Steinitz landscape design method has important reference value for ecological landscape design.

Optimizing the quantity and spatial patterns of farmland shelter forests increases cotton productivity in arid lands

Land degradation/desertification occurs widely in arid lands and its outcomes are ecologically, economically, and socially negative. It is one of the most serious environmental problems that the world has to face today. The establishment of shelterbelts is an effective way to combat desertification and increase crop productivity in arid land farming practices. The ideal state of a farmland shelterbelt should be one that provides maximum protective effect with minimum use in terms of land and water resources. The positive effects of the shelter forest in desertification control were widely demonstrated. However, its effects on crop productivity are somewhat equivocal. Most studies were carried out at the plot or field scale, for evaluation on areas larger than the field-scale or plot-scale is difficult to undertake due to difficulties in setting controls. Thus, a comprehensive evaluation of the shelterbelt effect on crop yield at landscape scale is highly required. This study presents a rare insight into the optimum balance between minimizing the quantity of shelterbelts and maximizing the yield of crops based on the combination of a light-use-efficiency model (CASA) and landscape indices from a landscape ecology perspective. Farmland has rapidly expanded by 43 % in the Manas River Basin of Xinjiang, Northwest (NW) China, since 2000. Overexploitation of land resources and limited water resources lead to serious land degradation. However, development of shelterbelts was left behind in this area with an increase of 29.39 % only during this period. The shelterbelts are not only quantitively insufficient but also irrational in spatial patterns. Cotton productivity was significantly correlated with the spatial patterns of shelterbelts. The optimum of shelterbelt-to-patch ratio for maximizing cotton yield was 3.5 % in the study area. When the amount of shelterbelts is higher than 3.5 %, it is no longer associated with improved cotton yield. Simultaneously, higher connectivity and ring values always corresponded to higher cotton yields. Hence, in future practices, we should first ensure a certain amount of shelterbelts, while simultaneously optimizing the spatial configuration of shelterbelts to maximize their benefits. After the quantity of shelterbelts reached 3.5 %, however, improving the quality (the spatial configuration) --- increasing their connectivity and ring value, becomes the only effective way to improve crop yield.

Improving conservation strategies of raptors through landscape ecology analysis: The case of the endemic Cuban Black Hawk.

Raptor species conservation should consider a landscape perspective in order to include habitat requirements associated to large home ranges around nesting sites. Landscape analysis can help to better understand raptor habitat requirements and the degree of tolerance to habitat changes at different scales.We used a landscape ecology perspective to determine the nesting habitat selection of endemic and endangered Cuban Black Hawk, and using ecological niche modeling, we obtained the potential distribution of nests to evaluate the effectiveness of protected areas (PAs) for raptor conservation.Nesting habitat selection was related to breeding success at a landscape scale using data from 27 different nesting sites during 2012–2013 breeding seasons. The potential nesting areas distribution was compared with current officially PAs design in the central region of Cuba.All nests were located in mangrove swamp. Pairs chose nesting sites with low soil–vegetation moisture and low soil reflectance. At the landscape level, they selected low shape complexity of patches and few patches of coastal vegetation around nesting sites which contained similar mangrove patch size and shape. The potential distribution of nests increased close to the coastline. The model predicted a suitable narrow area of 556 km2, and the most favorable nesting area represented 2% of this total. 33% of nests were located within officially natural protected areas while 27% were close to or inside highly threatened areas. A 16% of high to medium suitable nesting habitat overlaps with urban areas. Currently, PAs contain 23% of the nesting area distribution.Our study shows landscape ecology and nest‐site selection approach is crucial to evaluate the persistence of Cuban Black Hawk, as environmental variables and human activity can be related to its productivity. This approach can be applied in conservation strategies of island raptors.

Dynamic evaluation of ecosystem integrity in Greater Khingan Range area, China.

The impacts of global climate change and human disturbance on terrestrial ecosystems has been expanding in intensity and scope. However, there is a lack of evaluation methods for large-scale heterogeneous landscape systems during ecosystem integrity assessment. From the perspective of landscape ecology, this study chose the indicators of landscape structure and landscape stability to comprehensively evaluate regional landscape change characteristics and ecosystem integrity dynamics of Greater Hinggan Mountains area using land use data and NPP data of 2005, 2010 and 2015 with GIS data processing and analysis platform. The results showed that Greater Hinggan Mountains area was dominated by forest land. The dominance degree of forest land was stable at 64.9%, which was much higher than the grassland that with the second dominance. The landscape diversity index was 0.59 in all three periods, accounting for 42.4% of the maximum value of landscape diversity index. Such a result indicated that the landscape resistance was stable in this area. From the view of landscape biomass, farmland and residential land had increased year by year, while forest area had decreased year by year, indicating that the effects of human disturbance on Greater Hinggan Mountains area were increasing.

Coupled analysis on land use, landscape pattern and nonpoint source pollution loads in Shitoukoumen Reservoir watershed, China

Landscape pattern is a major factor affecting nonpoint source pollution (NPS) of watercourse, and understanding the impact of landscape pattern on NPS is critical for sustainable land management. This study undertook a comprehensive analysis, at sub-basin scales, of the interactions among land use, landscape pattern and NPS load in Shitoukoumen Reservoir watershed in the time period between 1980 and 2005. FRAGSTAT was used to quantitatively analyze the temporal and spatial change of landscape metrics, whilst the responses of streamflow, NPS TN and TP load to land uses were simulated by SWAT model. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to analyze the interactions between NPS load and landscape pattern dynamics at sub-basin scales. It was found that cropland and forest were the main forms of land use, increased by 38.0 km2 and 8.5 km2 between 1980 and 2005. Thirteen landscape metrics were chosen by factor analysis (FA) method. The magnitudes of changes in streamflow and NPS TN, TP load were found to vary significantly in the sub-basins, decelerated by forest patterns that are unfragmented, have a high value for the largest patch proportion. These analyses provided scientific support for preparing NPS control strategies from the perspective of landscape ecology.

Spatial-temporal Dynamic Analysis of Landscape Ecological Security of Chishui River Basin in Guizhou Province, China

Using the technologies of GIS and RS for the perspective of landscape ecology, the characteristics of landscape ecological security changes of Chishui River Basin in Guizhou Province from 1995 to 2015 were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) In the past 20 years, the utilized land types in the study area were changed greatly. The disturbance of human factors on utilized land change was serious. The area of construction land was increased rapidly, the area of forest land was decreased, while the cultivated land increased first and then decreased. (2) In the past 20 years, the landscape fragmentation index and landscape separation index of other utilized land types were increased except the construction land. The fractal dimension indices of other landscape types were increased, but the change was not obvious. With the continuous development of economy and society, the disturbance of human activities to various landscape types was increased. (3) From the point of view of temporal and spatial changes of landscape ecological security, the overall situation of landscape ecological security in the study area was better, and the area with high ecological security was increased in the past 20 years. Less than 10% of the area was in low ecological security, but the overall trend was increasing, and the problem of ecological security was serious. (4) In the past 20 years, the spatial aggregation of towns with similar landscape ecological security in the study area decreased first and then increased, and the spatial aggregation types were low to low and high to high .

景观生态视角下草地生态质量的空间差异及其影响因素——以内蒙古四子王旗为例

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 景观生态视角下草地生态质量的空间差异及其影响因素——以内蒙古四子王旗为例 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201809091928 作者: 作者单位: 内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古大学,内蒙古农业大学,内蒙古农业大学 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31861143001，31660108） Analysis of spatial differentiation of grassland ecological quality and its affecting factors based on landscape ecology perspective: A case study of Siziwang Banner Author: Affiliation: Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Inner Mongolia University,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:科学评价北方荒漠草原的生态质量，有助于草地景观的生态修复与荒漠化防治。以内蒙古四子王旗为例，采用景观生态视角，通过构建生态质量评价体系，结合综合指数法和自然间断法，对研究区内130个行政村域的草地生态质量进行综合评价及类别划定；通过引入地理加权回归模型并对比最小二乘回归模型，评估外源压力对草地生态质量的影响。结果表明：（1）2016年四子王旗村域草地生态质量的指数变化幅度为0.003-0.765，呈现出北高南低的区域差异；在空间分布上，高高集聚、低低集聚和低高集聚的空间特征反映出村域草地生态质量的非均衡特征及空间依赖；（2）对比模型估计参数，地理加权回归模型具有解释草地生态质量空间异质性和处理数据非平稳性的优势，预测精度优于最小二乘回归模型；（3）6种变量对草地生态质量的回归系数表明，经济压力和环境压力的影响效应明显高于人口压力和资源压力。与草地生态质量变化呈正相关的因素依次为：生态用地比、人均耕地面积和草地载畜量，而与至城镇中心距离、劳动人口比和人均GDP则依次呈现出负相关关系。研究结果可为草地生态保护与治理提供参考。 Abstract:Scientific evaluation of ecological quality of desert steppe in North China is helpful for ecological restoration and desertification control.Taking Siziwang Banner as an example, this paper adopts the landscape ecological perspective, constructs the ecological quality evaluation system, and combines the comprehensive index method to research grassland ecological quality. In this paper, grassland ecological quality of desert steppe in 130 administrative villages is comprehensively evaluated and classified with the natural breaking method. After comparing the ordinary least square regression model, the effect of exogenous pressure on grassland ecological quality was evaluated by introducing the geographical weighted regression model. The main results were as follows:(1) The grassland ecological quality indexes ranged from 0.003 to 0.765 in the village area of Siziwang Banner, showing the regional difference in north high to south low in 2016. The spatial characteristics of High-High agglomeration, Low-Low agglomeration and Low-High agglomeration reflect the disequilibrium characteristics and spatial dependence.(2) The GWR model has the advantage of explaining spatial heterogeneity and processing data nonstationarity of grassland ecological quality. Compared with the estimated parameters, the prediction accuracy of the GWR model is higher than the OLS model. (3) The regression coefficient of six variables on grassland ecological quality showed that the effect of economic pressure and environmental pressure was obviously higher than that of population pressure and resource pressure.(4)The positive correlation factors of the change of grassland ecological quality are as follows:ecological land ratio, per capital amount of farmland and grassland grazing capacity. The distance from the nearest town, labor to force ratio and per capital GDP showed a negative correlation in turn. The results can be used as reference to grassland ecological protection and management. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Integration of ecosystem services into a conceptual spatial planning framework based on a landscape ecology perspective

The study of ecosystem services has extended its influence into spatial planning and landscape ecology, the integration of which can offer an opportunity to enhance the saliency, credibility, and legitimacy of landscape ecology in spatial planning issues. This paper presents a conceptual framework suitable for spatial planning in human dominated environments supported by landscape ecological thinking. It seeks to facilitate the integration of ecosystem services into current practice, including landscape metrics as suitable indicators. A literature review supported the revision of existing open questions pertaining to ecosystem services as well as their integration into landscape ecology and spatial planning. A posterior reflection of the current state-of-the-art was then used as a basis for developing the spatial planning conceptual framework. The framework is articulated around four phases (characterisation, assessment, design, and monitoring) and three concepts (character, service, and value). It advocates integration of public participation, consideration of “landscape services”, the inclusion of ecosystem disservices, and the use of landscape metrics for qualitative assessment of services. As a result, the framework looks to enhance spatial planning practice by providing: (i) a better consideration of landscape configuration in the supply of services (ii) the integration of anthropogenic services with ecosystem services; (iii) the consideration of costs derived from ecosystems (e.g. disservices); and (iv) an aid to the understanding of ecosystem services terminology for spatial planning professionals and decision makers.

Plant landscape planning and design of Nanshan Botanical Garden (China) based on forest ecological garden

Abstract In recent years, with the rapid development of human civilization, a variety of environmental problems have emerged. As the most important natural ecological system of terrestrial ecosystems, forest ecosystem plays a significant role in protecting the environment and beautifying cities. The landscape planning and design of botanical gardens is of great significance to the maintenance of the urban forest ecosystem. Taking the Nanshan botanical garden as the research object, this paper analysed the present situation of the garden and carried out the vegetation landscape planning transformation on it from the perspective of landscape ecology. Then, the landscape hierarchy analysis method was used to evaluate the landscape after the transformation, the results of which suggested that the comprehensive evaluation of the garden was the highest when the plant landscape was diversified and the structure level was reasonable, which provided a reference for the optimization of the urban forest ecosystem.

Study on Farmland Water Network Protection from the Perspective of Ecological Infrastructure

The traditional farmland water network is a stable production, ecological structure and sustainable ecological infrastructure. In this study, the author analysed the farmland water network pattern in suburbs of Chengdu from the perspective of landscape ecology. From the perspective of patch corridor graphic relationship, the characteristics of farmland water network landscape pattern’s changes of two time nodes, before and after, urban and rural planning were compared. Summarize the impact of the process of urbanization on the existing ecological infrastructure. Discuss the protection and utilization of farmland water network in Chengdu suburbs. identifying the spatial pattern of the ecological base of the key lines, and optimizing and improving the base of the existing farmland water network are the key ways to realize the effective protection and utilization of the farmland water network.

A conceptual framework to assess ecological quality of urban green space: a case study in Mashhad city, Iran

This study evaluates the green space ecological quality with regard to its spatial properties. It investigates how the spatial properties of green space patches affect ecological aspects of municipal green spaces of Mashhad in Iran. The importance and necessity of this investigation is to develop a concept to evaluate the quality of urban green patches based on the perspective and method of landscape ecology. In accordance with our objectives, the quality concept is defined by quantitative (size, area, density) and qualitative (shape, complexity, connectivity) factors as referred to spatial configuration and composition of landscape structure. However, to have a better understanding of the quality concept, we explored the relationship between landscape variables and ecological quality by spatial analysis and correlation tests. We (1) drew the urban green space map by images processing, (2) quantified landscape metrics for the green space patches, (3) analyzed and represented the metric value spatially, (4) calculated ecological quality and drew the grade map, (5) measured the Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression between ecological quality and each landscape metric. Results of this study provided the evidence to study ecological quality by integrating metrics map and analyzing spatial heterogeneity in Mashhad city. Results showed that the extent and continuity of the green spaces were too low to effectively support some key ecological services. Additionally, the Pearson’s correlation coefficients and linear regression revealed strong relationships between ecological quality and most landscape metrics except LSI. Although it was expected that the qualitative variables of green space had higher influence on the ecological quality, quantitative variables had the highest effect due to the origin and nature of the green patches.

Linking Wetland Ecosystem Services to Vector-borne Disease: Dengue Fever in the San Juan Bay Estuary, Puerto Rico

Mosquito-borne diseases are an increasingly important health concern, which pose great challenges for safe and sustainable control and eradication. This reality calls for management approaches that consider multiple aspects of the transmission cycle from a landscape and vector ecology perspective, to socio-economic elements that may increase exposure. This study seeks to better understand these pathways using dengue fever in the San Juan Bay Estuary (SJBE), Puerto Rico. Dengue is transmitted by Aedes aegypti, a species that thrives in cities. Here we ask which elements within the urban landscape could be managed to help prevent dengue outbreaks. We studied the potential of coastal wetlands in the SJBE to buffer vector proliferation, hypothesizing that wetland ecosystem services lead to lower dengue occurrence. We test this hypothesis using census-block level dengue data from 2010-13, including the largest epidemic in Puerto Rican history. Our analytical model includes socio-economic factors and environmental controls that may also affect dengue dynamics. Results from beta-binomial regressions and model averaging indicated that dengue occurrence was lower in neighborhoods with higher wetland cover even after controlling for population density and other socio-economic aspects. Our models suggest that heat hazard mitigation is partly responsible for the association between wetlands and dengue.

A landscape ecological perspective of the impacts of urbanization on urban green spaces in the Klang Valley

Urbanization is an inevitable process and the majority of the world's population are migrating into cities, particularly in developing countries. Urban development has expanded rapidly in expense of the already limited green spaces in the world. Urban green spaces (UGS) are crucial components of urban sustainability and are vital for enhancing our quality of living. This study aims at developing a systematic approach to monitor changes of the urban landscape and assessing the conditions of UGS in the Klang Valley. Remote sensing processing techniques were used to extract meaningful data from mid-resolution Landsat satellite images of 1989, 2001, and 2014. We utilised urbanization indices to measure the magnitude and speed of urban development, while landscape metrics were used to describe the composition and configuration of each classes in the landscape. The results revealed that UGS in the Klang Valley have increased by 318.02% in proportion to built-up areas (high density built-up (HDB) and low density built-up (LDB)) from 1989 to 2014. The percentage of UGS compared to both HDB and LDB in 1989, 2001, and 2014 is 12.62%, 19.43%, and 22.51%, respectively. However, the fragmentation of UGS increased by approximately 100% in two decades and mainly occurred in areas with higher HDB. Spatial patterns of UGS in the Klang Valley were described based on the landscape metrics used. The developed approach can assist urban planners and decision makers to obtain a synoptic yet comprehensive view of the urban landscape.

Wild or tended nature? The effects of landscape location and vegetation density on physiological and psychological responses

Research has demonstrated the positive impacts of contact with nature on people’s physiological and psychological health. However, few studies have discussed the effect of vegetation from the perspective of landscape ecology. This study aims to explore people’s physiological and psychological responses to varying locations and vegetation density. We recruited 180 participants and randomly assigned them to three locations and three density conditions: forest interior, forest edge, forest exterior, high density, medium density, and low density. We used an electroencephalogram (EEG) to monitor participants’ Alpha waves as they watched a slide show using 3D glasses, followed by a Stroop task and a Profile of Mood States questionnaire. Results suggested that the forest interior condition induced significant stress recovery and received the highest preference score, whereas the forest edge was associated with better attention restoration effects. In terms of vegetation density, the high-density group showed better attentional functioning, but the medium vegetation group was more preferred. The results may offer guidance for designers regarding site selection and vegetation arrangement to achieve optimal restorative effects.

An analysis of urban forests from perspective of landscape ecology: A case study in municipality of Guarujá-SP

O crescimento das cidades e um dos fatores que vem isolando remanescentes de Mata Atlântica, ameacando esse hotspot . Uma das formas de se mitigar esses impactos e com a criacao de corredores ecologicos e aumento da permeabilidade da matriz. No entanto, poucos estudos avaliam a qualidade das florestas tropicais umidas em areas urbanas. O presente estudo visa avaliar a qualidade dos fragmentos de florestas no municipio do Guaruja (Sao Paulo, Brasil) sob a perspectiva da Ecologia da Paisagem. Com cenas do LandSat 8geoprocessadas no SPRING, os fragmentos de Floresta Ombrofila Densa (FOD) foram divididos em 3 classes de tamanho: pequeno; medio; e grande. Nos quais foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros: area; forma; e conectividade. Os 92 fragmentos de FOD ocupam 33% da paisagem, valor acima do limiar de 30%, que e o minimo para uma paisagem conciliar uso economico e conservacao biologica. O indice de forma demonstrou que os fragmentos da classe grande sofrem maior efeito de borda, no entanto por sua extensao possuem uma maior area nucleo. A analise da conectividade demonstrou que e possivel formar uma rede que totaliza uma area de 3346 hectares de vegetacao nativa e que muitos fragmentos pequenos e medios podem funcionar como S tepping Stones entre os fragmentos grandes, aumentando a permeabilidade numa matriz urbana. A analise da paisagem demonstra que esses fragmentos tem um alto potencial de conservacao de suas florestas, seja por sua extensao em redes e a existencia de corredores ecologicos, indicando a possibilidade de combinar urbanizacao e conservacao. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Tabela normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman;} A B S T R A C T The grown of the cities is one of the factors that has been isolating patchesof Atlantic Forest, threatening this particular hotspot. One way to mitigate those impacts is creating ecological corridors and to increasematrix permeability. However, few studies evaluate the quality of the moist tropical forest in urban areas. This paper aims to assess the quality of forest fragments in the city of Guaruja (Sao Paulo, Brazil) under the perspective of landscape ecology . Using pictures from LandSat 8, geoprocessed ing SPRING, thetropicalrainforestfragments were divided in 3 size categories: small, medium; and large. Wherein were assessed the following parameters of area, shape e connectivity. The 92 fragments of FOD mapped occupy 33% of the landscape, number above the boundary of 30% which is the minimum for a landscape to conciliate economical usage and biological conservation. The index of shape showed that the fragments of the large size category highly suffer with the edge effect, however due to its extension; it has a larger core area. An analysis of the connectivity has demonstrated that is possible to create a network that amounts an area of 3346 hectares and that many small and medium-sized fragments can function as Stepping Stones among large fragments, increasing the permeability in urban matrix. The landscape analysis demonstrates that these fragments have a high potential for conserving their forests, either on its extension in networks and the existence ofecological corridor, indicating the ability/possibility to combine urbanization and conservation . Keywords: Atlantic Rainforest, habitat fragmentation, conservation biology, stepping stones.

景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201612132562 作者: 作者单位: 国土资源部土地整治中心土地整治重点实验室,国土资源部土地整治中心土地整治重点实验室;中国地质大学北京土地科学技术学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41171152） Current status and prospects for practical research of landscape ecology in land consolidation Author: Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在土地整治中融入景观生态学理念是推动土地整治生态建设的必然要求。阐述了土地整治中的景观生态学原理，分析了相关文献变化和研究重点，总结了中国土地整治中的景观生态学研究现状，提出了土地整治中的景观生态学研究展望：（1）重视土地整治中景观生态学的基础理论研究，构建土地整治的景观生态学理论与技术体系；（2）加强土地整治的景观动态与生态效应机制研究，建立适用土地整治景观生态影响的方法和模型；（3）强化土地整治的多尺度和长序列景观生态研究，揭示土地整治过程中的尺度效应和多尺度耦合机制；（4）加强土地整治中多种生态系统服务的集成与优化，强化用于指导土地整治生态规划设计与管理工作，以期为深化土地整治中的景观生态学研究提供借鉴和启示。 Abstract:The land consolidation project in China was initiated in the late 1990s and largely implemented after 2008. It was regarded as one of the largest human-induced land-use change projects that have had profound effects on local and regional ecosystems. However, in comparison with the studies in developed countries, studies from the practical perspective of landscape ecology in the land consolidation projections are quite limited in China. It is necessary to integrate the concept of landscape ecology into land consolidation practices to promote the construction of ecological civilization. Landscape ecology in land consolidation has become an important part of the practices of landscape ecology in China. This paper elaborated the principles of landscape ecology in land consolidation, analyzed the quantity of literature and the main hot spots of the application of landscape ecology in land consolidation practices, and provided a brief overview of current research in China. Our findings revealed that currently, research on the application of landscape ecology to land consolidation in China is facing unprecedented development opportunities and also severe challenges. Thus, we put forward four developmental strategies for practical landscape ecology research in land consolidation as follows:(1) Promote the study of the basic theories of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and construct related theory and technology systems. Summarize the theories of landscape ecology according to the characteristics of the land consolidation projects, recognize landscape-level ecological effects of different land consolidation methods, and develop and implement land consolidation planning, which is more in line with ecological civilization. (2) Enhance the study of the mechanism of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and establish methods and models of the landscape ecological impact of land consolidation. Explore energy, physical, and biological processes by establishing long-term observation parcels in the land consolidation area; analyze the mechanism of the impact of land consolidation on ecological effects. Then, establish a model to quantify the impact of land consolidation on ecological processes. (3) Strengthen the multi-scale and long-term study of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and reveal its scale effect and multi-scale coupling mechanism. Conduct long-term observations and experiments on project scale, establish a scientific field experiment and data analysis program at the village, county, and regional scale, and conduct analysis of scale effect and multi-scale coupling through model simulation and precision verification. (4) Emphasize integration and optimization research in analyzing multiple ecosystem services of land consolidation in order to guide ecological planning, design, and management of land consolidation. Disclose the ecosystem services value of land consolidation areas based on the models of InVEST and ARIES, among others, and reveal the changes in ecosystem service values before and after the land consolidation project with the support of Matlab and ArcGIS software platforms to evaluate the effect of land consolidation on the relationships among supply services, support services, regulatory services, and cultural services. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献