Personal Image Research Articles

Consistency-driven feature scoring and regularization network for visible–infrared person re-identification

Recently, visible–infrared person re-identification (VI-ReID) has received considerable attention due to its practical importance. A number of methods extract multiple local features to enrich the diversity of feature representations. However, some local features often involve modality-relevant information, leading to deteriorated performance. Moreover, existing methods optimize the models by only considering the samples at each batch while ignoring the learned features at previous iterations. As a result, the features of the same person images drastically change at different training epochs, hindering the training stability. To alleviate the above issues, we propose a novel consistency-driven feature scoring and regularization network (CFSR-Net), which consists of a backbone network, a local feature learning block, a feature scoring block, and a global–local feature fusion block, for VI-ReID. On the one hand, we design a cross-modality consistency loss to highlight modality-irrelevant local features and suppress modality-relevant local features for each modality, facilitating the generation of a reliable compact local feature. On the other hand, we develop a feature consistency regularization strategy (including a momentum class contrastive loss and a momentum distillation loss) to impose consistency regularization on the learning of different levels of features by considering the learned features at historical epochs. This effectively enables smooth feature changes and thus improves the training stability. Extensive experiments on public VI-ReID datasets clearly show the effectiveness of our method against several state-of-the-art VI-ReID methods. Code will be released at https://github.com/cxtjl/CFSR-Net.

The Infringement of Deepfake Technology on Personal Privacy and Legal Protection: A Discussion Based on Article 1032 of the Civil Code

The rapid development of deepfake technology has infringed upon personal privacy in the form of the disclosure and misuse of personal information, infringement upon the peace of people's life, and damage to personal image and reputation. The disclosure and misuse of personal information should be analysed from the perspectives of personal use and commercial use of information data; infringement upon the peace of people's life should be examined from the perspectives of fraud and harassment, and malicious pursuit using deepfake technology; and damage to personal image and reputation should be discussed from the two levels of initial damage to personal image and reputation and aggravated damage to personal reputation after dissemination through the media. Article 1032 of the Civil Code clearly defines the scope of privacy protection as the peace of people's private life, private space, private activities and private information, as well as the infringement of privacy rights through means such as spying, intrusion, disclosure and publication, which reflects the legislative inertia to strengthen the protection of privacy and personal information. Article 1032 of the Civil Code, the Personal Information Protection Law, the Provisions on the Administration of Deep Synthesis of Internet-based Information Services, and other laws and regulations together form the current personal privacy protection system. However, existing laws do not provide specific explanations for key terms such as 'leakage', 'intrusion' and 'damage', which leads to uncertainty in the application of the law and makes it difficult to effectively protect personal privacy in actual operations. At the same time, there is a lack of clear definitions of the scenarios and specific standards of behaviour that the technology may involve, which has exacerbated public concerns about personal privacy security. Strengthening legal protection against deepfake technology requires refining legal concepts and drawing on knowledge from comparative law: 'leakage' can be considered the illegal acquisition and dissemination of unauthorised data and information, 'intrusion' can be defined as behaviour that disrupts the normal order of others and causes mental distress, and 'damage' can be understood as behaviour that causes negative evaluation or loss to the image, reputation or property of others. The legislative department should take the lead and cooperate with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in formulating specific standards for evaluating behaviour. The deterrent effect of the law should be strengthened by refining relevant legal provisions in the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law and increasing the penalties for violations of the law. This will better balance technological development and personal privacy protection and improve China's personal privacy protection system.

The mass person and their speech roles of a simpleton, a buffoon, a mentor in the Russian prose of the 1920s

The scientific review deals with the understanding of the image of the mass person in the literature of the 1920s. The focus of our attention includes both the actual literary texts of the writers of this decade, as well as fundamentally important studies devoted to this problem. Historical-typological and comparative methods are chosen as leading research technologies. They allow us to study the subjective organization of prose works and create a scientific classification of the most representative phenomena in this field. Modern achievements in narrative theory are taken into account. It is widely known that in the revolutionary breakdown of the entire symbolic system of being the ratio of everydayness and non-everydayness has changed. The role of the public dimension increased, human life went out onto the street, the square, and there was a tilt towards the collectivist "we". An ordinary person found their voice and inevitably became, to some extent, a historical "figure". For writers, this person was of interest as a subject of consciousness and a subject of speech. The range of speech roles of the mass person is quite large. There is a simpleton, and a buffoon, and a joker, and a performer, and a cheat, and a singer, and a limited person, and a fool, and a teaching mentor, and a narrow-minded judge. A mass person represents himself/herself in texts in different ways: 1) in the individual lines assigned to him/her by the author, 2) in detailed monologues, and, finally, 3) in prose. In the latter case comically-colored and holistic forms of fantasy-narrative became extremely active: there was a demand for a narrator figure capable of replacing the traditional figure of an "omniscient" narrator close to the author. This narrator completely subordinates the narrative, and the phraseological point of view of the character who initiated the storytelling event begins to dominate the text. The scientific review deals with the works of M.M. Zoshchenko, P.S. Romanov, A.N. Tolstoy, V.Ya. Shishkov, M.Ya. Kozyrev, Y.L. Slezkin. At the same time, attention is paid to such opposite speech reflections of the mass person as a harmless buffoon who turns every thing and every being around themselves into a theater of life, and a severely instructive mentor, distinguished by speech aggression. All these examples show that the traditional "little person" (familiar from previous literature and becoming a "mass person" in new historical conditions and gaining the status of the initiator of storytelling) does not at the same time acquire proper personal development and reveals his or her stereotypicality and shallowness.

Improving speech intelligibility in noise and spatial perception: the critical role of hearing aid microphone position

IntroductionHearing aid (HA) manufacturers have introduced behind-the-ear (BTE) models where the microphone is positioned in the ear canal, which could impact auditory performance by distorting the pinna’s acoustic cues. This study aimed to compare two different BTE HAs with varying microphone positions: the receiver in the ear (RITE) and the transducer in the ear (TIE).MethodsThe study involved 10 participants who had never used HAs before. They used both RITE and TIE HAs bilaterally for 3 weeks. Auditory performance was assessed through free field hearing assessments (hearing thresholds, speech recognition threshold, and speech discrimination score), the Turkish Matrix Sentence Test (TURMatrix), a sound localization test, and the Satisfaction with Amplification in Daily Living (SADL) questionnaire.ResultsThere was no significant difference between TIE and RITE in the free field hearing assessments. However, TIE outperformed RITE in non-adaptive TURMatrix scores in quiet, adaptive TURMatrix scores in noise, and sound localization accuracy at various angles. SADL sub-scores (Positive Effect, Service and Cost, and Personal Image) and overall satisfaction scores were significantly better for TIE.DiscussionThe microphone position in HAs can influence auditory performance. This study demonstrated that TIE provided better speech intelligibility, localization accuracy, and user satisfaction compared to RITE.

How do Chinese young adult women initiate smoking and progress to become regular smokers? A qualitative study

ABSTRACT Objective The increasing prevalence of smoking among young adult women in China raises concerns about the associated health risks. This study aims to investigate the trajectory of smoking and its influencing factors among Chinese young adult women in order to gain a comprehensive understanding and reduce the prevalence of smoking. Methods Using purposive sampling, one-on-one interviews were conducted with 28 young female smokers aged 20–31 years between May 2022 and September 2022. Results The findings revealed that the trajectory of smoking among Chinese young adult women is divided into three stages: smoking initiation, maintenance of smoking, and becoming addicted to smoking. Participants were initially attracted to smoking due to factors such as the taste of tobacco, peer influence, stress in interpersonal interactions, and cigarettes marketed for women. As smoking behavior progressed, participants mentioned motivations including relieving negative emotions, experiencing relaxation and pleasure, shaping their personal image, and confronting discrimination and prejudice. Eventually, when they became addicted to smoking, the physical dependence on nicotine and the smoking habit prevented them from stopping. Conclusions Understanding the influence of these factors on women’s smoking behaviors is crucial for informing tobacco control policies and reducing tobacco use among women.

Unveiling the Influences: Self-Esteem and Peer Impact on Luxury Consumption Among Consumers

In order to examine the impacts of peer influence and self-esteem on luxury consumption. This research employed online and offline questionnaire to gather customer self-esteem degrees, personality characteristics, along with conspicuous consumption behaviors. The information and data were construed through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression analysis. Accordingly, it was indicated that customers with higher degrees of self-esteem showed firmer willingness and action in luxury purchase intentions, and peer influence remarkably impacted their conspicuous consumption. In brief, self-esteem and peer influence are both key players in luxury consumption.Researches have revealed that consumers buy articles of luxury, in an attempt to satisfy the demands for materials and improve their self-worth and social positions. Luxury consumption is prominently impacted by collective self-esteem, since consumers believe that when they purchase luxury goods, their social position and personal image will improve. Moreover, peer correlations exert a highly important effect on young customers, which is deeply intensified by social media and celebrity effects.According to the findings, luxury brands need to take into consideration these points with regard to developing marketing tactics: for starters, meeting the demands of customers with discrepant degrees of self-esteem through individualized marketing tactics, with a focus on the product uniqueness and brand recognition. Secondly, through the transmission of brand stories and values, enhance emotional connections among consumers. Finally, leverage the influence of social media and opinion leaders to attract and retain young consumers. Through these strategies, luxury brands can better meet consumer needs and enhance market competitiveness.

The Silent Saboteur: The Impact and Management of Malicious Word-Of-Mouth in The Digital Age

In the digital era, the impact of malicious word-of-mouth on individuals and businesses is complex. Malicious online reviews and false information can spread quickly, causing serious damage to personal reputation and corporate branding. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of malicious word-of-mouth on various aspects of the economy and society, and proposes effective strategies for response. Through specific case studies, such as the controversy surrounding the BOY LONDON brand, the public relations crisis of the Wahaha brand, the damage to Jiang Ping's personal image, and the "pink-haired girl" incident, this article illustrates how malicious word-of-mouth can erode consumer decision-making autonomy, pose threats to personal physical and mental health, and tarnish the image of brands and enterprises. To address these challenges, companies and governments must take proactive measures, such as monitoring and responding to negative information on the Internet to maintain a positive image and strengthening Internet regulation to ensure the authenticity and transparency of information and to prevent the spread of false information. At the same time, improving public media literacy helps people identify and resist the influence of malicious word-of-mouth.

Personal Branding "Gemoy"Prabowo (Case Study On The Tiktok Account @Partai Gerindra)

Personal Branding is described as a process or effort to build a unique, strong and relevant self-image in the minds of other people. This involves identifying and building on our personal strengths, abilities, and uniqueness as characteristics that differentiate us from others. One of the social media that reflects Prabowo's branding as "gemoy" is the tiktok account @Partai Gerindra. This research aims to dig deeper into the process of forming Gemoy Prabowo's Personal Branding, especially related to the 'gemoy' image that is seen in his public interactions and increasing popularity and having a significant impact on Tiktok social media. The type of research method used in this thesis is descriptive qualitative research. The importance of this research lies in an in-depth understanding of the relationship between Personal Branding of political figures and public perception of their political image. The theory used is Peter Montoya's theory where Personal Branding marketing is the process of building and strengthening a person's personal image and reputation in the minds of other people. There are eight processes for forming Personal Branding owned by Peter Montonya, namely: 1. Specialization (The Law of Specialization), 2. Leadership (The Law of Leadership), 3. Personality (The Law of Personality), 4. Difference (The Law of Distinctiveness) , 5. Visibility (The Law of Visibility), 6. Unity (The Law of Unity), 7. Firmness (The Law of Peristence), 8. Good name (The Law of Goodwill).The results of the research and discussion are concluded as follows from the results of research conducted on Gemoy Prabowo's Personal Brandingon the Gerindra Party TikTok account, that this Personal Branding has succeeded in creating a strong and positive image among social media users. Gemoy Prabowo was able to build a unique and attractive personal identity by introducing the Gerindra Party to the public via the TikTok platform.

ADT: Person re-identification based on efficient attention mechanism and single-channel dual-channel fusion with transformer features aggregation

In person re-identification(Re-ID) tasks, using only convolutional neural network(CNNs) makes it challenging to fully exploit the global key information in person images, while using only the Transformer structure fails to adequately capture the multi-scale local detail information in person images. Therefore, to address the more challenging person Re-ID tasks, effectively integrating CNN and Transformer into an algorithmic framework capable of fusing multi-dimensional features has become one of the current focal points of research. Due to the ability of the attention mechanism to suppress the extraction of non-salient features by convolutional neural networks, and the capability of the dual-channel multi-scale mechanism to facilitate the extraction of finer-grained deep information by the Transformer, we propose a network Based on Efficient Attention Mechanism and Single-channel Dual-channel Fusion with Transformer Features Aggregation (ADT). First, we introduce the Convolutional Block Attention Module(CBAM) and Spatial Reconstruction Unit (SRU) into the CNN network to construct a Multi-dimensional Attention Features Re-fusion Network(MCF). By weighting the local features extracted in the convolutional network, attention to person detail features in the model is enhanced. Then, we propose the Single and Dual-channel Integrated Transformer Features Aggregator(SDT) and overlap it in MCF. This integration is designed to more effectively aggregate the multi-scale high-dimensional global features from each layer of the CNN network. Experimental results on the Market1501, DukeMTMC, MSMT17, and CUHK03 datasets demonstrate that our model significantly enriches features representation compared to most methods.

Crowding the face-space: The attractor field hypothesis and within-person variability

ABSTRACT Face space theory suggests that faces that are similar to others (i.e., typical faces) are represented in denser regions in face space than distinctive faces. Accordingly, typical face representations can be activated by the same input, leading to mistakenly identifying a person as someone else. A modification of this theory can also accommodate the opposite error in which two images of the same person are mistaken for different people, which results from intolerance to within-person variability. In two experiments, we tested two predictions of the modified theory: (1) greater tolerance of within-person variability should be observed for distinctive faces and (2) the same conditions that increase tolerance to within-person variability should facilitate differentiation of two similar-looking identities. The results support the first of these predictions, but not the second. The findings are interpreted in the context of attention to differences vs. commonalities when learning to distinguish faces from similar-looking others.

3D human model guided pose transfer via progressive flow prediction network

Human pose transfer is to transfer a conditional person image to a new target pose. The difficulty lies in modeling the large-scale spatial deformation from the conditional pose to the target one. However, the commonly used 2D data representations and one-step flow prediction scheme lead to unreliable deformation prediction because of the lack of 3D information guidance and the great changes in the pose transfer. Therefore, to bring the original 3D motion information into human pose transfer, we propose to simulate the generation process of real person image. We drive the 3D human model reconstructed from the conditional person image with the target pose and project it to the 2D plane. The 2D projection thereby inherits the 3D information of the poses which can guide the flow prediction. Furthermore, we propose a progressive flow prediction network consisting of two streams. One stream is to predict the flow by decomposing the complex pose transformation into multiple sub-transformations. The other is to generate the features of the target image according to the predicted flow. Besides, to enhance the reliability of the generated invisible regions, we use the target pose information which contains structural information from the flow prediction stream as the supplementary information to the feature generation. The synthesized images with accurate depth information and sharp details demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

The image of a disabled person in art through the ages.

The image of a disabled person in art through the ages.

Gender prediction using geometric morphometry with parameters of the cranium obtained from computed tomography images

Purpose: The gender difference of the cranium skeleton is of great importance in forensic anthropology and forensic medicine sciences. This study is based on this hypothesis and the gender prediction rate was obtained by processing cranium images obtained from computed tomography (CT) using geometric morphometry. Materials and Methods: CT images of 200 individuals between the ages of 25 and 65 were used in our study. The images were opened at the personal workstation Horos Medical Image Viewer (Version 3.0, USA) program and processed with 3D Curved Multiplanar Reconstruction (MPR). The line passing through the nasion and inion points of the images obtained as a result of the process was determined, and all images were brought to the orthogonal plane. Later, the images were overlapped and saved in JPEG format with 100% magnification. JPEG images saved were converted into TPS format, and 21 homologous landmarks were placed. Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to the coordinates of landmarks, and shape variations and dimensionality were corrected by gathering the images to the center of gravity. Next, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) was applied to the coordinates, the dimensionality of which was corrected. Results: The study found that 74.465% of the coordinates of 21 homologous landmarks gathered to the center of gravity could be explained with the first three PCs. As a result of the LDA applied to these coordinates, a gender prediction rate of 86.5% was obtained. In addition, a slight difference was found between the GPA sum of squares and the tangent sum of squares (0.57). Conclusion: The images of the cranium obtained from CT showed a high dimorphism by geometric morphometry analysis.

Religion in the Highway: Qualitative Exploration in Muslim Youths’ Moral Reasoning and Development on Traffic Rules

ABSTRACT As a set of rules and teachings, it is interesting to see how religion plays a role in traffic issues. Thus, this article qualitatively explores Muslim youths’ reasoning and moral development in the context of traffic rules and how they see it from the perspective of Islamic teachings. The study provided informants with dilemmatic case-based questions while driving and open-ended questions that explored their perceptions of traffic rules from Islamic teachings. The results illustrate that Muslim youth have diverse reasoning about traffic rules. Some see it normatively, functionally, as a personal image, and some see it as something flexible. Regarding its relation to religious teachings, almost all participants considered traffic rules closely related to religion as something that regulates order and social conduciveness on the road. Thus, religion as a set of teachings and norms can promote traffic order through the command to behave well, which considers the rights of others and the common good on the road.

KF-VTON: Keypoints-Driven Flow Based Virtual Try-On Network

Image-based virtual try-on aims to fit a target garment to a reference person. Most existing methods are limited to solving the Garment-To-Person (G2P) try-on task that transfers a garment from a clean product image to the reference person and do not consider the Person-To-Person (P2P) try-on task that transfers a garment from a clothed person image to the reference person, which limits the practical applicability. The P2P try-on task is more challenging due to spatial discrepancies caused by different poses, body shapes, and views between the reference person and the target person. To address this issue, we propose a novel Keypoints-Driven Flow Based Virtual Try-On Network (KF-VTON) for handling both the G2P and P2P try-on tasks. Our KF-VTON has two key innovations: (1) We propose a new keypoints-driven flow based deformation model to warp the garment. This model establishes spatial correspondences between the target garment and reference person by combining the robustness of Thin-plate Spline (TPS) based deformation and the flexibility of appearance flow based deformation. (2) We investigate a powerful Context-aware Spatially Adaptive Normalization (CSAN) generative module to synthesize the final try-on image. Particularly, CSAN integrates rich contextual information with semantic parsing guidance to properly infer unobserved garment appearances. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our KF-VTON is capable of producing photo-realistic and high-fidelity try-on results for the G2P as well as P2P try-on tasks and surpasses previous state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively. Our code is available at https://github.com/OIUIU/KF-VTON .

Enhancing Cold Cases Forensic Identification with DCGAN-based Personal Image Reconstruction

مع تحسن الذكاء الاصطناعي وتقنيات التعلم العميق، وخاصة شبكة الخصومة التوليدية التلافيفية العميقة (DCGAN)، كان هناك تطور كبير في التعرف على الهوية الشخصية وتوليد الصور من خلال أنظمة إعادة بناء الوجه. تركز هذه الدراسة على اقتراح نموذج لإعادة بناء الصورة الشخصية من رسومات الطب الشرعي باستخدام DCGAN. يتكون النموذج من شبكتين: شبكة مولد لتحويل الصور الرسومية إلى صور حقيقية وشبكة مميز لتحديد تشابه الصور التي تم إنشاؤها مع الصور الاصلية. وتستخدم رسومات الطب الشرعي التي تقدمها السلطات المختصة كمدخلات للنموذج المقترح. وتشمل هذه الرسومات تفاصيل ومعلومات عن الجناة أو الأشخاص المفقودين الذين تم الحصول عليهم من الشهود أو من الوالدين المفقودين. تساعد ملامح الوجه البارزة المستخرجة من الصور المعاد بناؤها في عملية إعادة بناء الصورة الشخصية. ويُظهر النموذج المقترح نتائج جيدة، حيث حقق دقة تصل إلى 99٪ في الصور التي تم إنشاؤها. تم الإبلاغ عن نسبة الخطأ لتصل إلى 0.92٪ بناءً على التقييم باستخدام مجموعة بيانات CUHKFaces. تقدم هذه الدراسة نهجًا جديدًا لإعادة بناء صور الوجه البشري من رسومات الطب الشرعي باستخدام DCGAN.

Images of the auditor’s job and associated emotions: a dynamic analysis

This study aims to understand the images that undergraduates have of the job of auditor and the emotions accompanying those pictures. Auditing is a public interest profession focused on ensuring integrity and credibility of companies’ performance and position. First, we relied on personal visualizations expressed by the participants to analyze their images about the auditor’s job, and their changes. After that, we analyzed the emotions accompanying auditor job images, including positive emotions such as enjoyment and hope, and negative emotions such as anger, anxiety, and boredom. We also examined the evolution of the outcome by analyzing the emotions at two timepoints to capture changes in emotions accompanying the image of the auditor’s job after a session focused on the profession. The results reveal that most participants relied on traditional images, although the classical view decreased after the activity. The emotional perception of the job of auditor was mostly positive. The evidence also suggests less unpleasant emotions associated with a contemporary vision compared with a traditional view. Notably, unpleasant emotions decreased after auditing activity in both visions, and pleasant emotions increased. Study participants’ characteristics also delve into different profiles, considering emotions accompanying auditor job images. The current study combines a dynamic study of emotions and research on perceptions of the auditor’s job through personal images, which is an innovation and advancement in the auditing field owing to the importance of the affective side in critical thinking, behavior, and decision making. The findings of this study also emphasize the need that universities rethink the approach and information provided to students about the auditor’s job promoting collaboration between professional and academic worlds to improve not only perceptions about the profession but also the affective side.

A New Symmetry based Transformer for Text Spotting in Person and Vehicle Re-Identification Images

A New Symmetry based Transformer for Text Spotting in Person and Vehicle Re-Identification Images

AGS: Transferable adversarial attack for person re-identification by adaptive gradient similarity attack

Person re-identification (Re-ID) has achieved tremendous success in the fields of computer vision and security. However, Re-ID models are susceptible to adversarial examples, which are crafted by introducing imperceptible perturbations to benign person images. These adversarial examples often display high success rates in white-box settings but their transferability to black-box settings is relatively low. To improve the transferability of adversarial examples, this paper proposes a novel approach called the adaptive gradient similarity attack (AGS), which encompasses two essential components: gradient similarity and enhanced second moment. Specifically, a gradient similarity modulation is established to better harness the information in the neighborhood of the adjacent input, which can adaptively correct the update direction. Additionally, this paper formulates an enhanced second moment to adjust the update step at each iteration to address the issue of poor transferability. Extensive experiments confirm that AGS achieves the best performance compared with the state-of-the-art gradient-based attacks. Moreover, AGS is a versatile approach that can be integrated with existing input transformation attack techniques. Code is available at https://github.com/ZezeTao/similar_Attack4.

An Investigation of the Relationship Between Imagery and Sportive Confidence in Volleyball Athletes

The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between imagery in sports and the sportive confidence in athletes who play volleyball. 277 elite athletes who play volleyball, from 3 league levels (1st League, 2nd League, and Super League) between the ages of 18 and 35 (23.32 ± 4.16), of which 157 are women (21.78 ± 3.54), and 120 are men (25.33 ± 4.04) form the sample population of the research. Personal Information Form, Imaging Inventory, and Continuous Sportive Self-Confidence Inventory were applied to collect data. Independent T-test was applied to examine the distribution of the scores of sub-dimensions of imaging in sports and sportive confidence according to the variables gender, status of national team participation, and athlete's age, and Tukey HSD test with One-Way ANOVA was applied to examine the distribution according to active years in sports, age, and league level. After the findings from the analysis, it was determined that there was a meaningful difference between the sub-dimensions of imaging in sports and sportive confidence scores according to the variables of age, gender, sports age, the status of national team participation, league level, and active years in sports (p<0.05).