Personal Items Research Articles

The role of big five personality dimensions in Indonesian teachers’ subjective career success

<span lang="EN-US">Teachers hold strategic roles in the education system, and their career success is important to make sure they are strongly motivated at work. The big five personality is one of the personality approaches to form one’s subjective career success. This study aimed to identify the role of each dimension of the big five personality in affecting teachers’ subjective career success in Indonesia. To this end, the subjective career success inventory and personality item pool-big five factor makers were employed. This quantitative correlational study involved 320 teachers as respondents. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression test. The result showed that dimensions of extraversion (p<0.000), agreeableness (p<0.000), and conscientiousness (p<0.001) influence Indonesian teachers’ subjective career success. These three dimensions show that teachers in Indonesia tend to have personalities related to other people’s acceptance or awareness of their social environment to attain subjective career success. Such personalities help them consider their personality and its aspects in evaluating their career.</span>

Less Evaluative Measures of Personality in Job Applicant Contexts: The Effect on Socially Desirable Responding and Criterion Validity

Researchers have long sought to mitigate the detrimental effects of socially desirable responding on personality assessments in high-stakes contexts. This study investigated the effect of reducing the social desirability of personality items on response distortion and criterion validity in a job applicant context. Using a 2 × 2 repeated measures design, participants (n = 584) completed standard (International Personality Item Pool) and less evaluative (Less Evaluative Five Factor Inventory) measures of Big Five personality in a low-stakes context and then several weeks later in a simulated job applicant context. Self-report criteria with objective answers, including university grades, were also obtained. In general, the less evaluative measure showed less response distortion than the standard measure on some metrics, but not on others. Declines in criterion validity in the applicant context were smaller for the less evaluative measure. In the applicant context, however, validities were similar across the two measures. Correlations across contexts for corresponding traits (e.g., low-stakes extraversion with high-stakes extraversion) were also similar for both measures. In summary, reducing socially desirable item content might slightly reduce the substantive content required to predict criteria in low-stakes contexts, but this effect appears to be partly offset by reduced response distortion for less evaluative measures in applicant contexts.

Using shot peening and burnishing to improve fatigue performance of additively manufactured 316L stainless steel

Despite the growing demands for personalized items, the capacity of conventional production techniques is restricted to respond to such needs. Instead of conventional manufacturing processes, the intended structure can be directly constructed in a layer-by-layer manner, also known as additive manufacturing (AM). Among AM methods, selective laser melting (SLM) has gained a great deal of attention due to its low cost and availability. However, the poor surface quality in this method is still a problem as it may influence critical mechanical properties of the components like their fatigue life. Therefore, adequate postprocesses are required for additively manufactured metals. In the present study, shot peening (SP) and burnishing were applied as postprocesses to the 316 L stainless steel manufactured by SLM, and then, surface roughness, porosity, microhardness, and fatigue performance were experimentally investigated. Based on the results, the mean surface roughness (Ra) of the as-SLMed sample was 10.907 µm which decreased to 8.543 and 1.324 µm, after SP and the burnishing processes, respectively. Interestingly, the burnishing process was more effective in eliminating near-surface pores and improving microhardness of the samples compared to SP. In addition, the fatigue life of the as-SLMed sample (135,000 cycles) slightly improved after SP (353,000 cycles), while burnishing drastically enhanced the fatigue life of the samples (3,030,000 cycles).

Experiences of Food Pantry Stakeholders and Emergency Food Providers in Rural Minnesota Communities

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the experiences influencing food pantry stakeholders’ and emergency food providers’ ability to meet their shoppers’ needs. DesignWe conducted 5 focus groups. SettingFood pantries in Minnesota in late 2019 and early 2020. ParticipantsThe sample included 37 participants with various roles in the emergency food system. Phenomenon of InterestBarriers and challenges facing emergency food providers/stakeholders and practices and resources providers employ. AnalysisWe identified major themes using a thematic analysis approach. ResultsParticipants reported multiple barriers to accessing food pantries, that shopper demographics were changing, and shoppers needed nonfood support, such as personal hygiene items and mental health services. Food pantries required appropriate and sustainable food supplies, additional financial, labor, technical support, and physical infrastructure improvements. Participants described the benefits of their relationship with the University of Minnesota Cooperative Extension, explained how pantries offered healthier foods, highlighted innovative service delivery models, and stressed that their organization connected to many facets of their community. Conclusion and ImplicationsFood pantries serving rural areas reported meeting community needs by distributing food to their shoppers in an inclusive and health-promoting way but require additional support. These data support nutrition practitioners working to understand the local, place-based context and needs of emergency food providers while building wider and deeper connections between nutrition professionals and the emergency food system.

Predicting attitudes toward mitigation interventions and social distancing behaviors at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States

ABSTRACT Aim The goal of this research was to assess the influence of adult attachment, personality, and cultural orientation on social distancing and attitudes toward COVID-19 mitigation interventions. Methods Survey data was collected across two samples (NMTurk = 201, Nsnowball = 242) in the US from April 29 to May 11, 2020. Adult attachment was assessed via the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Short Form (ECR-S; Wei, M., Russell, D. W., Mallinckrodt, B., & Vogel, D. L. (2007). The experiences in close relationship scale (ECR)-short form: Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88(2), 187–204), personality was assessed via the Ten Item Personality Inventory (TIPI; Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B. (2003). A very brief measure of the Big-Five personality domains. Journal of Research in Personality, 37(6), 504–528), cultural orientation was assessed via the Horizontal and Vertical Individualism and Collectivism Scale (Triandis, H. C., & Galfand, M. J. (1998). Converging measurement of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(1), 118–128), and social distancing and attitudes toward mitigation interventions were assessed via self-report measures developed for this assessment. Results In the MTurk sample, agreeableness (β = .19) and conscientiousness (β = .26) predicted positive mitigation intervention attitudes. Agreeableness (β = .24) and vertical collectivism (β = .25) positively predicted social distancing, while attachment anxiety (β = −.32) and vertical individualism (β = −.32) negatively predicted social distancing. In our snowball sample, residing primarily in New York, openness (β = .18) and horizontal collectivism (β = .16) predicted positive intervention attitudes, while horizontal individualism (β = −.20) predicted negative attitudes. Social contact in this sample was low and not associated with predictor variables. In both samples, mitigation attitudes and social distancing were only moderately correlated. Implications Our findings highlight the inherent inconsistency between attitudes and behaviors as well as the potential impact of mandated interventions on both attitudes and behavior.

Factors Influencing Impulse Buying Behavior Among Young Male Consumers in Saudi Arabia

Impulse buying is a prominent concept in the study of consumer behavior. Due to humans’ complex psychological nature, many industries focus on impulse buying and design their marketing strategies accordingly. This research investigates the personal factors that affect impulse buying behavior among young men in Saudi Arabia. This study also investigates the effect of situational variables, including family influence, time availability, money availability, and hedonic shopping, on the impulse buying behavior of men in the Saudi Arabian context, focusing on the Western region. The study specifically focuses on purchasing personal items such as perfumes, clothing, and shoes. A survey questionnaire was administered to a convenient sample of 385 males aged between 18 and 50 residing in Western Saudi Arabia. The collected response was analyzed using the statistical software SPSS. The findings of the study indicate that time availability, money availability, and hedonic buying positively influence impulse buying behavior among men living in Saudi Arabia. Notably, this study revealed that family factors had a detrimental consequence on impulsive buying behavior among Saudi men. However, this study had limitations, such as sample size and geographical focus, should be considered when interpreting results. Future research should aim to broaden scope by including a larger and more diverse sample to obtain a more inclusive understanding of impulse buying behavior in Saudi Arabia.

Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the functional assessment of chronic illness therapy–fatigue (FACIT–F) among patients with breast cancer

BackgroundFatigue is the most frequent and distressing symptom affecting the physical, cognitive, and affective domains of breast cancer patients. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Fatigue (FACIT–F) has been widely used in patients with chronic diseases and has shown satisfactory reliability and validity. This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the FACIT–F among Chinese patients with breast cancer.MethodsUsing a convenience sampling method, a cross–sectional survey (January 2020 and September 2022) was used with patients recruited from two tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, Mainland China, and a total of 597 patients completed a demographic information questionnaire, the FACIT–F and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast Cancer (FACT–B). Convergent validity was estimated by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient of the FACIT–F with the FACT–B. Measurement invariance across age was performed by examining differential item functioning (DIF) across age groups (≤ 60 and > 60 years). The internal consistency and split–half reliability were performed for reliability analysis. Unidimensionality of the scale was evaluated by the principal component analysis by Rasch analysis. Additionally, Rasch analysis was performed for item difficulty levels, and an item–person map was used.ResultsNo floor/ceiling effects were observed for the FACIT–F. Moderate correlations were found between FACIT–F and FACT–B (r = − 0.342, p < 0.01). Most items showed an absence of DIF regarding age, except for one item. In addition, the FACIT–F showed acceptable internal consistency. Principal component analysis of Rasch residuals showed that the proportion of variance explained by the FACIT–F was 53.3%, and the outfit mean square statistics for the items ranged from 0.68 to 1.90 and the infit MNSQ from 0.63 to 1.73. Additionally, an acceptable response between items and persons was found.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that the Chinese version of the FACIT–F is a valid tool for the measurement of fatigue in breast cancer patients.

Psychometric validation of the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument using Rasch analysis in people with dementia.

This study aimed to examine unidimensionality of the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) using Rasch analysis and estimate Rasch person reliability in people with dementia. CASI data of people with dementia was collected from medical records of one general hospital in northern Taiwan. A total of 506 people with dementia were recruited from the Department of Neurology. The confirmatory factor analysis was first conducted to verify the fitness of one-factor model of the CASI. Unidimensionality was confirmed through 2 assumptions: the infit and outfit mean square were 0.5 to 1.5, and residual variance of the first principal component in principal component analysis was ≤20%. Rasch person reliability was estimated after undimensionality was supported. The results of one-factor model had shown that the Comparative Fit Index = 0.99, Tucker Lewis Index = 0.99, Root Means Square Error of Approximation = 0.015, and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.067, representing a good fit to the model. Both the infit and outfit mean square were ranged 0.87 to 1.37 and 0.86 to 1.42, respectively, and low residual variance of the first principal component (12.3%). Rasch person reliability result of 0.58 was satisfactory. The person-item map indicated the difference between item difficulty and person ability was within the acceptable limits (0.22 logits). Differential Item Function was found between -0.48 to 0.44 logits for gender, indicating the CASI functioned similarly for both genders. The 46 items of the CASI showed a unidimensional construct. The CASI had been demonstrated as a valid and reliable screening tool for assessing overall cognitive function in people with dementia, capturing their cognitive functions effectively.

Brief Report: Does the Number of Response Options Matter for the BFI-2? Conceptual Replication and Extension.

We evaluated how the number of response options affects the psychometric properties of the Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2). Using two large samples collected from a market research company (Ns = 893 and 1,213), we tested how different response options of the BFI-2 influenced scale score distributions, internal consistency estimates, convergent validity correlations, and criterion validity correlations. Results suggest that score distributions were impacted by the number of response options such that ceiling and floor effects were more common when using two or three response options than when using more options. Estimates of Cronbach's alpha were generally lower with fewer scale points as compared with more scale points, but these effects disappeared when ordinal alpha was used. There were no systematic effects of response options on convergent validity and criterion validity correlations. Given these results, there seems to be few psychometric reasons for deciding whether to administer personality items with five, six, or seven scale points.

Patient-reported outcome measures on mental health and psychosocial factors in patients with Brugada syndrome.

Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a hereditary arrhythmic disease, associated with sudden cardiac death. To date, little is known about the psychosocial correlates and impacts associated with this disease. The aim of this study was to assess a set of patient-reported psychosocial outcomes, to better profile these patients, and to propose a tailored psychosocial care. Patients were recruited at the European reference Centre for BrS at Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Belgium. Recruitment was undertaken in two phases: phase 1 (retrospective), patients with confirmed BrS, and phase 2 (prospective), patients referred for ajmaline testing who had an either positive or negative diagnosis. BrS patients were compared to controls from the general population. Two hundred and nine questionnaires were analysed (144 retrospective and 65 prospective). Collected patient-reported outcomes were on mental health (12 item General Health Questionnaire; GHQ-12), social support (Oslo Social Support Scale), health-related quality of life, presence of Type-D personality (Type-D Scale; DS14), coping styles (Brief-COPE), and personality dimensions (Ten Item Personality Inventory). Results showed higher mental distress (GHQ-12) in BrS patients (2.53 ± 3.03) than in the general population (P < 0.001) and higher prevalence (32.7%) of Type D personality (P < 0.001) in patients with confirmed Brugada syndrome (BrS +). A strong correlation was found in the BrS + group (0.611, P < 0.001) between DS14 negative affectivity subscale and mental distress (GHQ-12). Mental distress and type D personality are significantly more common in BrS patients compared to the general population. This clearly illustrates the necessity to include mental health screening and care as standard for BrS.

Характеристика осіб, які вчиняють шахрайство відносно іноземця або особи без громадянства: міжнародне та національне законодавство

Since foreigners and stateless persons who stay in Ukraine on legal grounds enjoy the same rights and freedoms and bear the same responsibilities as citizens of Ukraine, with the exceptions established by the Constitution, laws or international treaties of Ukraine, foreigners and stateless persons who are under the jurisdiction of Ukraine, regardless of the legality of their stay, have the right to recognition of their legal personality and fundamental human rights and freedoms. In addition, the legal status of foreigners and stateless persons is based on the fact that foreigners and stateless persons who are legally in Ukraine enjoy the same rights and freedoms and bear the same responsibilities as citizens of Ukraine, with the exceptions established by the Constitution, laws or international treaties of Ukraine; foreigners and stateless persons are obliged to strictly observe the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, other regulatory legal acts, not to infringe on the rights and freedoms, honor and dignity of other people, interests of society and the state. Foreigners and stateless persons enjoy numerous economic rights and freedoms in Ukraine, and as subjects of private property rights, foreigners and stateless persons may also own, use and dispose of their property and the results of their intellectual and creative activities. They may own houses, apartments, personal items, means of production, funds, and are also subjects of freedom of entrepreneurship, the right to housing, and the right to an adequate standard of living. But it is also necessary to take into account that the most vulnerable to criminal offenses against them are foreigners (a person who is not a citizen of Ukraine and is a citizen (subject) of another state or states) and stateless persons (a person whom no state considers its citizen in accordance with its legislation), who may become victims of a criminal offense against property (for example, fraud) and criminal offenses of a different nature (fraud or breach of trust), so we Whereas, fraud (taking possession of someone else’s property or acquiring the right to property by deception or breach of trust) is a universal norm that covers any type of fraud and has an unlawful effect on the will and consciousness of the victim in the form of deception or breach of trust, whereas fraud is the concealment of certain information or communication of false information to the victim with the aim of misleading the victim (foreigner or stateless person), and breach of trust is the unfair use of trust by the victim (who are foreigners or stateless persons). Key words: fraud; stateless person; foreigner; criminal liability; deception; breach of trust.

In vitro metabolism of triclosan and chemoprevention against its cytotoxicity

Triclosan (TCS), a broad-spectrum antibacterial chemical, has been extensively used in personal daily care items, household commodities, and clinical medications; therefore, humans are at risk of being exposed to TCS in their daily lives. This chemical also accumulated in food chains, and potential risks were associated with its metabolism in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference in metabolic profile of TCS by hepatic P450 enzymes and extrahepatic P450s, and also identify chemical structures of its metabolites. The results showed that RLM mediated the hydroxylation and cleavage of the ether moiety of TCS, resulting in phenolic metabolites that are more polar than the parent compound, including 4-chlorocatechol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and monohydroxylated triclosan. The major metabolite of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mediated TCS metabolism is 4-chlorochol. We also performed molecular docking experiments to investigate possible binding modes of TCS in the active sites of human CYP1B1, CYP1A1, and CYP3A4. In addition to in vitro experiments, we further examined the cytotoxic effects of TCS on HepG2 cells expressing hepatic P450 and MCF-7/1B1 cells expressing CYP1B1. It exhibited significant cytotoxicity on HepG2, MCF-10A and MCF-7/1B1 cells, with IC50 values of 70 ± 10 μM, 20 ± 10 μM and 60 ± 20 μM, respectively. The co-incubation of TCS with glutathione (GSH) as a chemopreventive agent could reduce the cytotoxicity of TCS in vitro. The chemopreventive effects of GSH might be ascribed to the promotion of TCS efflux mediated by membrane transporter MRP1 and also its antioxidant property, which partially neutralized the oxidative stress of TCS on mammalian cells. This study contributed to our understanding of the relationship between the P450 metabolism and the toxicity of TCS. It also had implications for the use of specific chemopreventive agents against the toxicity of TCS.

Relationship between context‐free/in‐context spatial color preferences and color constructs: The extraversion personality trait dimension

AbstractPersonality traits are considered the primary determinants of emotional and behavioral patterns of individuals within the built environment, influencing the experience of architectural space over their cognitive representation. Specifically, the dimension of extraversion within an individual's personality holds considerable predictive value in determining their attitudes toward the environment. Consequently, this study aims to investigate the influence of personality traits on color preference by comparing preferences for context‐free color samples and in‐context spatial colors among individuals exhibiting varying levels of extraversion. It also aims to ascertain the most accurate color‐construct scale for delineating individuals' preferences for in‐context spatial color. The study employed the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) representation of lexical factor markers for the Big‐Five structure. For the study, 11 colors, referred to as basic color terms, were selected as stimuli. Data on color preference were obtained through a rank order test for 11 context‐free color samples and 11 virtual images of in‐context spatial colors, as well as ratings of in‐context spatial colors based on 14 color‐construct scales. Findings reveal the relationship between extraversion personality trait and color preferences, revealing distinct patterns between context‐free and in‐context color preferences. They also suggest the possibility of divergent preferences for in‐context spatial colors among individuals with varying levels of extraversion, with certain colors eliciting significantly different ratings on color‐construct scales. The study's findings shed light on the importance of personality traits in predicting the relationship between architectural spaces and colors, depending on individuals' personalities, particularly within design disciplines such as interior architecture.

Psychosocial correlates of well-being among people who engage in online health-seeking behaviour

We examined the extent to which neuroticism, health anxiety, social anxiety, and social support predicted well-being in a sample of online users engaging in health-seeking behaviour. We used a cross-sectional online survey to recruit participants who engaged in online health-seeking behaviour. The study included 350 participants who were recruited online using social media platforms such as Reddit and Twitter. A multiple regression was conducted to examine the relationships between neuroticism, health anxiety, social anxiety, social support, and well-being. Participants completed a battery of measures on Survey Monkey consisting of a demographic questionnaire, International Personality Item Pool Big Five Markers, Leibowitz Social Anxiety scale, Short Health Anxiety Inventory, World Health Organisation Five Well-Being Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. We found significant negative correlations between the indicated psychological variables and well-being, indicating that higher levels of neuroticism, social anxiety, and health anxiety were related to lower levels of well-being. We also found significant, positive correlations between the social support variables and well-being, indicating that more social support was correlated with better well-being. The results of the multiple regression demonstrate that neuroticism, health anxiety, family support, and friend support were significant predictors of well-being.

The role of conscientiousness and cue utilisation in the detection of phishing emails in controlled and naturalistic settings

ABSTRACT Email phishing is a serious and potentially catastrophic threat to organisations and individuals. Understanding what factors may influence individual susceptibility to phishing attacks is essential to protecting against cybercrime. We investigated the potential interplay between conscientiousness and cue utilisation in individuals’ ability to accurately differentiate between phishing and legitimate emails. University students (N = 255) completed a phishing detection task, the Mini International Personality Item Pool, and the phishing edition of the Expert Intensive Skill Evaluation (2.0) battery. After, they were sent simulated phishing emails to their student email address. A Signal Detection Theory approach revealed that higher cue utilisation was associated with a greater ability to tell whether an e-mail was phishing or not in the detection task. For the simulated phishing emails, participants with lower conscientiousness were more likely to click an embedded link in an unsophisticated phishing email, however cue utilisation had no association with email engagement in a naturalistic setting. The findings provide insight into why some people are more susceptible to phishing scams and reveal important differences in phishing sensitivity as a function of context, which has implications to interventions.

Do simpler item wording and response scales reduce acquiescence in personality inventories? A survey experiment

Acquiescence (“yea-saying”) presents a major challenge in personality assessment via questionnaire. Cognitive load when responding to items seems to be related to a greater tendency to acquiesce. The aim of this study was to experimentally investigate whether reducing the complexity of personality items through simplified item wording and response scales with fewer options reduces acquiesce. Based on a heterogeneous sample of almost 6000 respondents, we probed acquiescent responding on the 60-item Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) in a 2 × 2 design, comparing (a) the original items and simplified versions and (b) the original 5-point and a 4-point response scale without a midpoint. Results show that the response scale format did not affect acquiescent responding. Contrariwise, item simplification reduced the variance attributable to acquiescence in the total sample. Moderation analysis revealed stronger effects for lower-educated respondents.

Rasch Calibration of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form.

Among numerous knee-related patient-reported outcome measures, the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) has been used across a wide variety of knee pathologies. However, traditional validation procedures (classical test theory) and existing studies (estimating item parameters) have limitations in establishing the measurement properties of the IKDC-SKF. Rasch analysis reveals a strong validation approach to improve IKDC-SKF clinical interpretation with larger samples. To assess psychometric properties, including differential item functioning, of the IKDC-SKF as a patient-reported measure of knee function. Cross-sectional study. Secondary data. Data were extracted from the cloud-based orthopedic and sports medicine global registry Surgical Outcome System (Arthrex). A total of 1725 individuals who underwent an arthroscopic knee procedure and completed all items on the IKDC-SKF. Rasch analysis including model-data fit, rating scale's function, item-person map (distribution of item difficulty and person ability), and differential item functioning (sex and age groups) was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the IKDC-SKF. Ten misfit items were found and removed. The 5-point Likert scale of the 9-item IKDC-SKF worked well. Item difficulty ranged from 0.58 to 0.81 logits, and person's knee function had ranged from -5.56 to 4.86 logits, with a wide distribution. The IKDC-SKF was found to function similarly for sex (male vs female) and age. Rasch analysis identified a unidimensional structure retaining 9 of the original IKDC-SKF items; however, a more comprehensive inventory is necessary to assess a wider range of knee function and improve measurement validity.

EXAMINING STUDENTS’ EVALUATION OF SIGNIFICANT TEACHING CRITERIA AT THE MALAYSIAN DEFENCE UNIVERSITY

This paper used an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) method to inquire about student evaluations of teaching (SET) among a batch of foundation students. A total of 504 students completed the lecturer evaluation questionnaire at the end of the semester. The current study was prompted by several factors, including teaching quality, lecturer characteristics, personal traits, knowledge evaluation and students’ ratings which provided the impetus for the present study. Lecturers were evaluated using a Likert scale ranging from one to five, with the numbers labelled very poor, poor, medium, good, and excellent, respectively. Two phases of exploratory factor analysis conducted in the study to determine whether the importance ratings students regarded formed separate domains with the mean and the standard deviation of the questionnaire results. The first phase of exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) evaluated 23 criteria attributes listed by Vevere and Kozlinskis (2011). The attributes are seven personal trait items; 11 knowledge transfer items, followed by five knowledge evaluation items. Besides, participants were also asked to indicate any additional attributes they considered important to be possessed by their lecturers, the strand of the course they were enrolled in, and their gender. The purpose of the second study (Study 2) is to provide a contrast to the first study based on the data with an improved version of the SET instrument and with a different cohort of students. We discovered that all the proposed attributes of a lecturer were important to the students, and the categories proposed by Vevere and Kozlinskis (2011) for evaluating lecturers did not correspond to the importance of categories evaluated by the students.

Head Lice Eradication Efforts in a Group Home Environment: Yayasan Griya Asih Orphanage – A Case Study

Children living in orphanages are generally vulnerable to close-contact transmission diseases, including head lice infestation. The clinical manifestation of head lice infestation was relatively mild, such as itchy scalp, and hence it is often overlooked as a community health issue. Education plays an essential role in preventing re-infection and eradicating head lice infestation. The treatment options include chemical treatment using pediculicides and physical management by shaving the head and manually removing the parasite. This community service activity aimed to eradicate head lice from Yayasan Griya Asih Orphanage. A series of three activities were conducted at Yayasan Griya Asih Orphanage in Central Jakarta. Each activity was done around one month apart to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. Firstyear medical students were recruited to participate in these activities to familiarize them with real-world community health problems. Student volunteers helped applied pulse doses of Permethrin 1% shampoo and provided health education activity. Fiftyfive Yayasan Griya Asih Orphanage residents joined this activity from mid-October until December 2022. Residents were instructed not to share their personal items to prevent re-infection. Health education activities were done using one-to-many followed by a one-on-one format. In conclusion, head lice infestation screening is essential in crowded environments, and permethrin 1% pulsed dose followed by personalized health education activities and pest control effectively broke the disease transmission chain and eradicated the head lice infestation.

Improving Neurology Inpatient Fall Rate: Effect of a Collaborative Interdisciplinary Quality Improvement Initiative

ObjectiveTo reduce unwitnessed inpatient falls on the neurology services floor at an academic medical center by 20% over 15 months. Patients and MethodsA 9-item preintervention survey was administered to neurology nurses, resident physicians, and support staff. Based on survey data, interventions targeting fall prevention were implemented. Providers were educated during monthly in-person training sessions regarding the use of patient bed/chair alarms. Safety checklists were posted inside each patient’s room reminding staff to ensure that bed/chair alarms were on, call lights and personal items were within reach, and patients’ restroom needs were addressed. Preimplementation (January 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021) and postimplementation (April 1, 2021, to June 31, 2022) rates of falls in the neurology inpatient unit were recorded. Adult patients hospitalized in 4 other medical inpatient units not receiving the intervention served as a control group. ResultsRates of falls, unwitnessed falls, and falls with injury all decreased after intervention in the neurology unit, with rates of unwitnessed falls decreasing by 44% (2.74 unwitnessed falls per 1000 patient-days before intervention to 1.53 unwitnessed falls per 1000 patient-days after intervention; P=.04). Preintervention survey data revealed a need for education and reminders on inpatient fall prevention best practices given a lack of knowledge on how to operate fall prevention devices, driving the implemented intervention. All staff reported significant improvement in operating patient bed/chair alarms after intervention (P<.001). ConclusionA collaborative, multidisciplinary approach focusing on provider fall prevention education and staff checklists is a potential technique to reduce neurology inpatient fall rates.