Personality Traits Openness Research Articles

Do nurses' personality traits affect the level of compassion fatigue?

To determine whether nurses' personality traits impact their levels of compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue has become one of nursing literature's most discussed and investigated topics. Although some nurses working in the same environment and under similar conditions are more resistant to compassion fatigue, some are at risk of it. This descriptive study was conducted with 451 nurses selected using a simple random sampling method in Turkey. Data were collected using web-based online survey forms between February and April 2022. A questionnaire form regarding personal traits and professional characteristics, the Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale, and Basic Personality Traits Inventory were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. The nurses' compassion fatigue was moderate, and personality traits were found to be agreeableness, conscientiousness, and extraversion, respectively. There was a negative correlation between compassion fatigue and personality traits of extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness to experience, yet a positive correlation with neuroticism and negative valence. According to the regression analysis, nurses' personality traits were effective on compassion fatigue by 21.9%. The personality trait of extraversion had a negative impact on compassion fatigue, and neuroticism had a positive impact. This study identified a correlation between nurses' personality traits and compassion fatigue, suggesting that certain personality traits can be predictive factors of compassion fatigue. The limited number of studies discussing personality traits and compassion fatigue together increases the importance of the current study, which may shed light on future studies to be conducted on similar topics. This study has important implications for nurse managers. Nurse managers can predict whether they may experience compassion fatigue based on their personality traits.

Openness to Experience is associated with neural andperformance measures ofmemory inolder adults.

Age-related decline in episodic memory performance is a well-replicated finding across numerous studies. Recent studies focusing on aging and individual differences found that the Big Five personality trait Openness to Experience (hereafter: Openness) is associated with better episodic memory performance in older adults, but the associated neural mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, we investigated the relationship between Openness and memory network function in a sample of 352 participants (143 older adults, 50-80 years; 209 young adults, 18-35 years). Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during a visual memory encoding task. Functional memory brain-network integrity was assessed using the similarity of activations during memory encoding (SAME) scores, which reflect the similarity of a participant's memory network activity compared to prototypical fMRI activity patterns of young adults. Openness was assessed using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. Older vs young adults showed lower memory performance and higher deviation of fMRI activity patterns (i.e.lower SAME scores). Specifically in older adults, high Openness was associated with better memory performance, and mediation analysis showed that this relationship was partially mediated by higher SAME scores. Our results suggest that trait Openness may constitute a protective factor in cognitive aging by better preservation of the brain's memory network.

Middle-leaders' transformational leadership: big five traits and teacher commitment

PurposeThe present study aimed to investigate whether the sub-dimensions of transformational leadership are differently influenced by middle-leaders’ personality traits from the Big Five typology, namely, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, agreeableness, and neuroticism, and whether the sub-dimensions of transformational leadership influence teachers' professional and organizational commitment differentially.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from two sources: 114 middle-leaders and 282 teachers randomly chosen from elementary schools in Israel. Hierarchical regression analyses and structural equation modelling were used to test the research hypotheses.FindingsFirst, the findings indicated that the teachers perceived their middle-leaders as transformational leaders without distinguishing between the sub-dimensions. Second, transformational leadership was positively correlated to teachers' professional and organizational commitment. Finally, positive relationships were found between the middle-leaders personality traits of agreeableness and openness to experience and teachers’ commitment. The study findings point to two paths to facilitate teachers' professional and organizational commitment, either through the middle-leaders transformational leadership or their personality.Originality/valueAlthough recent research has shown that leaders' personal traits are critical components in leading a team effectively and promoting employee behaviors, few studies in the educational context have focused on the differential impact of the Big Five typology on middle-leaders’ tendency toward the sub-dimensions of transformational leadership (TL) and its implications for teachers' commitment. By integrating research from both educational and non-educational literature, the goal of the present study, then, is to address these important yet relatively unstudied issues.

The Role of Personality and Cognitive Ability in the Measurement of Usability

Investigating individual differences in human-product interactions can improve the development of usable products for a diverse range of users. This study explores personality and cognitive ability as predictors of usability. A sample of 972 respondents took the Mini-IPIP measure of Big Five personality, a matrix reasoning test for cognitive ability, and the System Usability Scale (SUS) as an assessment of usability across seven commonly used products (Microsoft Word, Google, Amazon, computer, Microsoft Excel, TV remote, microwave). We ran a hierarchical regression analysis, predicting SUS score from demographic variables (gender, age), then individual differences (personality, cognitive ability). The personality traits of emotional stability and openness were statistically and practically significant predictors of SUS across every product, and gender and conscientiousness were significant predictors across many products. Results suggest that the subjective assessment of usability is not impacted by cognitive ability, and that personality traits are small-to-moderate, but consistent, predictors of SUS score.

The connections between personality, ideology and (counter-)empathic emotions depend on the target.

Examine the group-specific connections between personality, ideology, and the moral emotions of empathy and schadenfreude. Empathy and schadenfreude are emotions that often lead to moral prosocial or spiteful harmful behaviors respectively. An outstanding question is what motivates feelings of empathy and schadenfreude towards people from different groups. Here we examine two prominent motivators of emotions: personality traits and ideology. Previous work has found that people's ideological orientations towards respecting traditionalism (RWA) and preferences about group-based hierarchy (SDO) can impact intergroup emotions. Further, personality traits of low agreeableness, low openness, and high conscientiousness uniquely engender SDO and RWA. In the research presented here (Study 1 n = 492; Study 2 n = 786), we examine the relationships between personality traits, ideology, and emotions for groups that are perceived to be dangerous and competitive. We hypothesize that SDO and RWA will relate to reduced empathy and increased schadenfreude but towards unique groups. SDO will relate to reduced empathy and increased schadenfreude towards competitive, low-status groups while RWA will relate to reduced empathy and increased schadenfreude towards threatening groups. We further extend past work by investigating left-wing authoritarianism as well. We find broad support for our expectation that the relationships between personality and emotions, as well as ideology and emotions, depend on the specific group in question. These results help expand the dual process motivational model of prejudice and suggest the importance of specifying a target group when assessing relationships between personality, ideology, and emotions.

Five-factor personality traits as predictors of intercultural sensitivity among Turkish preservice teachers

The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between the five-factor personality traits and intercultural sensitivity among Turkish preservice teachers. The participants of this study were 1218 college students enrolled at a university located in the central Black Sea Region of Türkiye. The participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. The preservice teachers responded to a survey comprising the Personal Information Form, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, and Quick Big Five Personality Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and relative importance analysis. The results of this study showed that preservice teachers with stronger personality traits of agreeableness, extraversion, emotional stability, and openness to new experiences tend to have higher levels of intercultural sensitivity. Moreover, results of relative importance analyses revealed that agreeableness is the most important predictor of intercultural sensitivity among preservice teachers whereas emotional stability was found to be the least important predictor. The findings of this study can help to determine personality traits related to intercultural sensitivity among preservice teachers.

Person-centered care: preferences and predictors in speech-language pathology and audiology practitioners.

Increasingly person-centered care (PCC) is being recognized as an important aspect of speech-language pathology and audiology (SLP/A) service delivery. This study aimed to (i) identify preferences toward PCC; (ii) determine predictors of these preferences; and (iii) describe the understanding and views of PCC among SLP/A in South Africa. A mixed-method design was followed utilizing an online survey and four focus group discussions. The survey included demographic questions, the modified Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (mPPOS), the Ten-Item-Personality-Inventory (TIPI) and an open-ended question. The focus group discussions included prompting questions which facilitated an open-ended discussion. A total of 91 practitioners (39.6% speech-language pathologists) completed the online survey, with nine (44.4% audiologists) participating in the focus group discussions. A high preference toward PCC was noted, with a total mean mPPOS score of 4.6 (0.6 SD). Quantile regression analysis revealed four predictors (age, home language, sector, and personality trait openness) associated with PCC preferences. Three main categories emerged from the open-ended question and focus group discussions: (i) Positive experiences with PCC; (ii) restrictions toward PCC, and (iii) PCC exposure. Positive (age and personality trait openness) and negative (home language and sector of employment) predictors toward PCC exist among speech-language pathologists and audiologists, with an overall general preference toward PCC. Practitioners experience facilitators and barriers toward implementing PCC including the extent of personal experiences, available resources and tools as well as workplace culture. These aspects require further investigation.

Stability of specific personality network features corresponding to openness trait across different adult age periods: A machine learning analysis

The functional connectivity patterns of the brain during resting state are closely related to an individual's cognition, emotion, behavior, and social interactions, making it an important research method to measure personality traits in an unbiased way, replacing traditional paper-and-pencil tests. However, due to the dynamic nature of the brain, whether the changes in functional connectivity caused by age can stably map onto personality traits has not been previously investigated. This study focuses on whether network features that are significantly related to personality traits can effectively distinguish subjects with different personality traits, and whether these network features vary across different periods of adulthood. The study included 343 healthy adult participants, divided into early adulthood and middle adulthood groups according to the age threshold of 35. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and the Big Five personality questionnaire were collected. we investigated the relationship between personality traits and intrinsic whole-brain functional connectome. We then used support vector machine (SVM) to evaluate the performance of personality network features in distinguishing subjects with high and low scores in the early-adulthood sample, and cross-validated in the mid-adulthood sample. Additionally, edge-based analysis (NBS) was used to explore the stability of personality networks across the two age samples. Our results show that the network features corresponding to openness personality trait are stable and can effectively differentiate subjects with different scores in both age samples. Furthermore, this study found that these network features vary to some extent across different periods of adulthood. These findings provide new evidence and insights into the application of resting-state functional connectivity patterns in measuring personality traits and help us better understand the dynamic characteristics of the human brain.

Prevalence of Personality Traits in Undergraduate Dental Students with Respect to Gender

OBJECTIVES To study the personality traits of undergraduate dental students with respect to gender. METHODOLOGY A Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the College of Dentistry, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore, over 5 months, from July to November 2021. Data was collected using the Ten Item Personality Inventory scale which was a pre-validated questionnaire.RESULTS There was a statistically significant association between gender and the personality of trait of emotional stability (p=0.017). There was a non-significant association between gender and the personality traits of extraversion (p=0.273), agreeableness (p=0.416), conscientiousness (p=0.147) and openness to experience (p=0.184).CONCLUSION The personality traits of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience were more prevalent in the females in comparison to the males.

Autonomy support, personality, and mindset in predicting academic performance among early adolescents: The mediating role of self‐determined motivation

AbstractThere is a growing interest on the role of noncognitive factors such as personality traits and implicit beliefs in accounting for individual differences in academic performance. Autonomy support from primary socializing agents too is an important tool for enhancing student motivation and other learning outcomes. In this study, we tested a model hypothesizing that the broad personality traits of conscientiousness and openness, growth mindset, and perceived teacher and parent autonomy support would be distal predictors of academic performance, with self‐determined motivation proximally accounting for performance outcomes. Middle school students (N = 234) completed an online Qualtrics survey. Students' year‐end grade point averages for all subjects were used as an indicator of their academic performance. We found that conscientiousness had direct and indirect effects (through autonomous motivation) on academic performance. Openness, growth mindset, and parent autonomy support were indirectly associated with academic performance through their effects on autonomous motivation. The effect of teacher autonomy support on academic performance was mediated by both controlled motivation and autonomous motivation.

Family History Research and Distressing Emotions

Anecdotal evidence suggests that the popular pastime of exploring one’s family history can unleash strong emotions, both positive and negative. The aim of this study was to chart the extent and nature of negative emotions among family historians, and profile those most vulnerable to distress. Data from an online survey of 775 adult Australian hobbyist family historians showed nearly two-thirds experienced strong distressing emotions such as anger, shock and sadness while researching their forebears. Triggers included discoveries which led to feelings of betrayal and distrust or posed moral dilemmas. Also distressing were findings about ancestors who behaved badly, were treated cruelly/unfairly, or who experienced tragedy. Family historians who reported strong negative emotions were more likely than those who did not to be younger, female, spend more time on their hobby, have half-siblings, driven by the motive for greater self-understanding, and score higher on the personality trait of openness to experience but lower on emotional stability. The study is important because it raises issues of (a) what support is available to family historians who find their discoveries strongly distressing and (b) whether purveyors of genealogical research products should provide more education and support to their clients.

The experience I will remember: The role of tourist personality, motivation, and destination personality

Providing memorable experiences is considered very effective strategy for gaining a sustainable competitive advantage. Memorable tourism experience (MTE) is still a relatively novel concept, hence its antecedents and outcomes are not completely identified. The primary goal of this research was to explore tourist personality and travel motivation as antecedents and the perceived destination personality, satisfaction, and revisit intention as outcomes of an MTE. The study was conducted on a sample of 614 foreign visitors to three biggest urban destinations in Serbia (Belgrade, Novi Sad, and Nis). For testing hypothesis, SEM (structural equation modelling) was applied. The results show that personality trait openness to experience and motivational factor knowledge and experience showed the strongest influence on MTEs. Also, all seven dimensions of memorable experience affected perceived destination personality. Practical implications and potential future research approaches are also highlighted in the conclusion.

Willingness to Use Mobile Health Devices in the Post-COVID-19 Era: Nationwide Cross-sectional Study in China.

Despite the increased development and use of mobile health (mHealth) devices during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is little knowledge of willingness of the Chinese people to use mHealth devices and the key factors associated with their use in the post-COVID-19 era. Therefore, a more comprehensive and multiangle investigation is required. We aimed to probe Chinese attitudes regarding the use of mHealth and analyze possible associations between the attitude of willingness to use mHealth devices and some factors based on the socioecological model. A survey was conducted using quota sampling to recruit participants from 148 cities in China between June 20 and August 31, 2022. Data from the survey were analyzed using multiple stepwise regression to examine the factors associated with willingness to use mHealth devices. Standardized regression coefficients (β) and 95% CIs were calculated using multiple stepwise regression. The survey contained a collection of 21,916 questionnaires and 21,897 were valid questionnaires, with a 99.91% effective response rate. The median score of willingness to use mHealth in the post-COVID-19 era was 70 points on a scale from 0 to 100. Multiple stepwise regression results showed that the female gender (β=.03, 95% CI 1.04-2.35), openness personality trait (β=.05, 95% CI 0.53-0.96), higher household per capita monthly income (β=.03, 95% CI 0.77-2.24), and commercial and multiple insurance (β=.04, 95% CI 1.77-3.47) were factors associated with the willingness to use mHealth devices. In addition, people with high scores of health literacy (β=.13, 95% CI 0.53-0.68), self-reported health rating (β=.22, 95% CI 0.24-0.27), social support (β=.08, 95% CI 0.40-0.61), family health (β=.03, 95% CI 0.03-0.16), neighbor relations (β=.12, 95% CI 2.09-2.63), and family social status (β=.07, 95% CI 1.19-1.69) were more likely to use mHealth devices. On the basis of the theoretical framework of socioecological model, this study identified factors specifically associated with willingness of the Chinese people to use mHealth devices in the post-COVID-19 era. These findings provide reference information for the research, development, promotion, and application of future mHealth devices.

Examining the relationship of personality traits with online teaching using emotive responses and physiological signals.

In the education sector, there is a rapid increase in using online teaching and learning scenarios. Making these scenarios more effective is the main purpose of this study. Though there are a lot of factors that affect it, however, the primary focus is to find out the relationship between a teacher's personality and their liking for online teaching. To conduct the study, a framework has been proposed which is a mixed design of self-reported (emotions and personality) data and physiological responses of a teacher. In self-reported data, along with teachers, learners' perception of a teacher's personality is also considered which explores their relationship with online teaching. The final results reveal that teachers with a high level of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness personality traits are more comfortable with online teaching as compared to extraversion and neuroticism traits. To validate the self-reported data analysis, the physiological responses of teachers were recorded that ensure the authenticity of the collected data. It also ensures that the physiological responses along with emotions are also good indicators of personality recognition.

Personality and engagement with music: Results from network modeling in three adolescent samples

People who engage in musical activities may, on average, share certain personality features. For example, performing music in front of audiences may require greater extraversion. In contrast, long and solitary practice sessions may require greater introversion and conscientiousness. Research has established some links between dimensions of personality and indicators of engagement with music, for example, specific personality profiles for musicians/non-musicians. For example, openness is usually linked to musical involvement. However, research in the area is scarce and it remains unclear which specific aspects of musical engagement are linked to personality; how these links establish in the course of development; and whether these links are affected by culture. This article reports data collected with several measures of personality (Big Five personality scales) and a comprehensive measure of engagement with music—the musical sophistication index (Gold-MSI) in three countries: Germany ( N = 1,114), Russia ( N = 346), and the United Kingdom ( N = 751). We applied a graphical network modeling approach to investigate the patterns of association among the measures. Our results found a number of consistent musical sophistication-personality associations across the three samples, with the strongest link being between the Gold-MSI emotions subscale and the personality trait openness, which was found in all three samples.

The structural model of cyberchondria based on personality traits, health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation.

Cyberchondria is excessive seeking for online health-related information related to increasing health anxiety and distress levels. The current study investigated the mediating role of health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation in the relationship between personality traits and cyberchondria. Participants were 703 individuals 18+ years old who had access to the internet (males = 43.8%, mean age = 33.82 ± 10.09 years and females = 56.2%, mean age = 34.37 ± 11.16 years). They voluntarily completed a questionnaire package that included the Cyberchondria Severity Scale (CSS), the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Meta-Cognitions about Health Questionnaire (MCQ-HA), and the Health Cognitions Questionnaire (HCQ). The initial evaluation of the model demonstrated that the personality traits of openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness had no significant relationship with other variables in the structural model, and the effects of neuroticism and extroversion were the only significant results. Rerunning the model with the removal of non-significant variables revealed a full mediation of health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation in the relation between personality traits (neuroticism and extraversion) and cyberchondria. Fit indices demonstrated the acceptable fit of the model with the collected data (χ2 = 979.24, p <.001; NFI = 0.92, CFI = 0.93, GFI = 0.90, IFI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.071, and SRMR = 0.063). The results indicated that the present model could explain R 2 = 54% of cyberchondria variance. These findings suggest that health-related metacognition, cognitive bias, and emotion dysregulation could demonstrate a full mediating role in the correlation between personality traits and cyberchondria.

Insect production as a novel alternative to livestock farming: Exploring interest and willingness to adopt among German farmers

Given the challenges confronting food and feed production and the need for more sustainable agri-food systems, insect production is gaining attention as an economically feasible and environmentally beneficial alternative to livestock farming. Surprisingly, despite some examination of consumer perceptions and acceptance, little attention is given to the farmers who would be tasked with making successful use of this sustainability-oriented innovation. This research makes three contributions to understanding farmer adoption of insect production, by (1) reflecting on farmer interest and willingness to adopt in a developed-country context; (2) employing a unique sample of 517 German farmers; (3) and utilizing a novel PLS-SEM model based on the Edinburgh Study of Decision-making on Farms. The latter is specifically relevant for assessing the importance of (and interrelationships between) farmer-specific (e.g., personality) and farm-related determinants, which is the first time this has been done for this topic. Our findings determine that the willingness of livestock farmers to adopt insect production is determined by a combination of personal, psychological, and farm structural variables. In particular, personality traits of openness and extraversion and the reliance on off-farm work are established as key drivers for willingness to adopt, whereas neuroticism, age, and the efficient use of available resources were main obstacles. Our study thus provides key insights for farmers, insect-related companies, and regulators to gain a better understanding of farmer intentions and the potential conditions under which the shift from livestock farming to insect cultivation might be supported.

A study of college students’ openness personality and English learning anxiety

The present situation of college students’ English learning is one of the key research topics. Some studies have found that different personality traits have a great impact on the English learning effect of college students. However, there is still a lack of detailed analysis and summary on the impact of a specific personality on the degree of English learning anxiety. Therefore, the questionnaire that the thesis uses is developed according to the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), conducts random surveys for college students from different regions, majors and ages, and makes statistical analysis of the collected data using SPSS to explore the relationship between openness personality traits and the English-learning anxiety level of college students. After discussion and analysis, the results of this study can be divided into two aspects. Firstly, from the anxiety of the subjects, 60% of the 408 subjects have low anxiety about English learning, and their scores were very close to the medium anxiety level (99≤b≤132), while almost only a few respondents were at the high anxiety level. Secondly, there is a linear relationship between openness personality and English learning anxiety. According to the total score, the correlation was 0.338, showing a moderate correlation, and the significance level is 0.01. According to the research results, teachers can improve the teacher-student relationship and relieve students’ anxiety by innovating teaching methods and evaluation systems. However, the results may vary due to confounding factors such as major, gender and age.

Relationship between Big Five Personality Trait of Openness to Experience and Teachers’ Job Productivity in Senior Secondary Schools in Adamawa State, Nigeria.

This study examined the relationship between big five personality trait of openness to experience and teachers’ job productivity in senior secondary schools in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A correctional research design was adopted for this study, which was guided by one research question and one hypothesis. The population of the study comprised 274 principals and 38, 499 students in public senior secondary schools in Adamawa State. The sample size is 825. This sample size comprised of 55 principals and 770 students, which is 20% of principals and 2% of students. Data were collected with the use of two adapted instruments titled “Big Five Personality Management Inventory (BFPMI) and Teachers’ Job Productivity Questionnaire (TJPQ)”. The instruments were subjected to revalidation, which was done by three experts. The two instruments were were pilot tested, and Cronbach’s Alpha statistics was used to determine the internal consistency of the items of the instruments. A reliability coefficients of 0.87 and 0.81 were obtained for BFPMI and TJPQ respectively. The descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to answer the questions while simple linear regression analysis was used in testing the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. It was also found that openness to experience has significant relationship with teachers’ job productivity with (r=.449, p&lt;0.05). This implies that there is significant relationship between openness to experience and Teacher Job Productivity, F(1, 54) = 13.385, p &lt; 0.05 in senior secondary schools in Adamawa State. Among others, it was recommended that school managements, principals and teachers should be well informed of how big five personality traits of openness to experience could relate to the job productivity of teachers in secondary schools. In conclusion, the big five personality traits of openness to experience possessed by a teacher can significantly determine the teacher’s productivity.

Impact of Personality Traits on Knowledge Sharing Behavior of Academicians: A Case of University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan

This study examined the impact of personality traits on the knowledge sharing behavior of academicians in the public sector. The data were collected from 237 respondents using a questionnaire. The results showed that the personality trait openness to experience had a significant and positive impact on the knowledge sharing behavior and its sub-dimensions such as written contributions, organizational communication, personal interactions, and communities of practice. Furthermore, the personality traits extraversion and agreeableness positively predicted the knowledge sharing behavior for the dimensions of communities of practice and organizational communication, respectively. The results of this study would be helpful for the administrative staff of universities to develop programs to promote a knowledge sharing culture in universities and improve collaborative learning, research, organizational effectiveness, and performance. It would also be a worthy contribution to the existing literature as only a limited number of studies have addressed the role of personality traits in the knowledge sharing behaviors in the academic environment of a non-western country.