Personal Perspective Research Articles

Enduring relevance of the Jaynes–Cummings model: a personal perspective [Invited

In this short perspective paper we present our personal highlights on how the Jaynes–Cummings model has become a central model to describe spin-boson couplings underpinning much of modern quantum optics. To the current authors, the key contribution is a demonstration of a measurable effect that showed the discreteness of the quantized radiation field.

Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Madrasah (MBM) dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Hidayatul Mubtadiin Sidoharjo Jati Agung Lampung Selatan

The points of this exploration are to decide the means for executing madrasa-based administration, to decide endeavors to work on the nature of schooling through carrying out madrasa-based administration at MTs Hidayatul Mubtadiin Sidoharjo Jati Agung South Lampung. This exploration is a subjective engaging examination with a regulating religious and educational methodology. The information hotspots for this examination comprised of the top of the madrasah, head of organization, educators, and representatives or staff at MTs Hidayatul Mubtadiin Sidoharjo Jati Agung South Lampung as sources. Information assortment procedures were done utilizing member perception, interview instruments, documentation, and reference following. Subjective information investigation/handling methods utilize 3 phases, in particular information decrease, information show, and information confirmation. The consequences of the examination show that the Madrasah Head keeps on endeavoring to work on the nature of training in his school, and completes execution evaluations in regards to public schooling norms in the school. With an end goal to work on the nature of schooling, instructive quality principles should be met which incorporate alumni capability guidelines, content norms, process guidelines, instructive staff norms, offices and foundation principles, the executives norms, supporting guidelines and instructive evaluation principles that should be met. satisfied. arranged and improved consistently at school. to deliver quality alumni who have mature person, character and social perspectives, and the abilities moved by understudies can turn out to be great fundamental abilities for understudies. As far as carrying out madrasa-based administration in working on the nature of training at Madrasah Tsanawiyah Hidayatul Mubtadiin Sidoharjo Jati Agung Lampung Selatan, here the job of teachers and schooling is vital in light of the fact that as instructors and schooling staff they should have character and authority prerequisites. Their insight should be wide, in light of the fact that here teachers and schooling staff should have the option to direct, teach as well as administer and assess understudies in movements of every kind connected with madrasas

Meniscal Transplant surgery or Optimised Rehabilitation full randomised trial (MeTeOR2): a study protocol

IntroductionPain and disability after meniscectomy can be a substantial lifelong problem. There are few treatment options, especially for young people. Non-surgical management (rehabilitation) is an option but increasingly surgeons are...

World, Symbol, Gaze

As it is written in the Bhagavad Gita: 1 The mind wanders, It’s restless at any moment, It needs to be controlled, Accept self-discipline. The three texts in this portfolio follow a critical, reflexive, and self-constraining first- person perspective. They are, in order: the “World” text, the “Symbol” text, and the “Gaze” text, with the “World” text as the starting point. The “World” text specifically analyzes Khyentse Norbu’s narrative film, Travellers and Magicians, and points out the Māyā characteristics of film. The “Symbol” text reflects on the distance between human and the God by combining semiotics and personal experience of devoting self to Buddhism with a research method that is mutually referenced with the Perennial philosophy. Finally, inspired by the first two texts, the “Gaze” text is a summative and complementary text. It takes Benjamin’s research as a starting point to reflect on the ritual value of contemporary spiritual films. These three texts point to each other and suggest a research style and methodology that is closely linked to personal experience, religion, and art.

Cost-effectiveness of craniotomy versus decompressive craniectomy for UK patients with traumatic acute subdural haematoma

ObjectiveTo estimate the cost-effectiveness of craniotomy, compared with decompressive craniectomy (DC) in UK patients undergoing evacuation of acute subdural haematoma (ASDH).DesignEconomic evaluation undertaken using health resource use and outcome data...

The Parkinson's Puzzle Box.

Women and those with younger onset Parkinson's Disease (YOPD) are typically diagnosed later and face unique situations and challenges. This essay aims to raise awareness of the difficulties in diagnosing YOPD and the need for a personalised approach to care for women with YOPD. Two professional women with YOPD (academic physiotherapist and practicing dentist) and a female neurologist (clinician academic) came together to write a narrative essay on their personal experience and perspectives in relation to women and YOPD. The essay outlines how the experience of diagnosis is likened to a complex puzzle box with many interlocking components that are hidden and difficult to solve. The concerns of the women about their identity, work, family and the future, with most supports targeting those that are older and retired are outlined. It is concluded that YOPD is a complex puzzle to solve, but can be done by understanding all the intricate interlocking components of the puzzle and combined with greater awareness could lead to earlier diagnosis and the delivery of successful person-centred care. People with lived experience were involved in the essay conception and writing.

A Model-Based Economic Evaluation of Hypothetical Treatments for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the UK: Implications for Pricing of New and Emerging Health Technologies.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disease which leads to loss of muscle function and paralysis. Historically, clinical drug development has been unsuccessful, but promising disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) may be on the horizon. The aims of this study were to estimate survival, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and costs under current care, and to explore the conditions under which new therapies might be considered cost effective. We developed a health economic model to evaluate the cost effectiveness of future ALS treatments from a UK National Health Service and Personal Social Services perspective over a lifetime horizon using data from the ALS-CarE study. Costs were valued at 2021/22 prices. Two hypothetical interventions were evaluated: a DMT which delays progression and mortality, and a symptomatic therapy which improves utility only. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify key drivers of cost effectiveness. Starting from King's stage 2, patients receiving current care accrue an estimated 2.27 life-years, 0.75 QALYs and lifetime costs of £68,047. Assuming a 50% reduction in progression rates and a UK-converted estimate of the price of edaravone, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for a new DMT versus current care is likely to exceed £735,000 per QALY gained. Symptomatic therapies may be more likely to achieve acceptable levels of cost effectiveness. Regardless of efficacy, DMTs may struggle to demonstrate cost effectiveness, even at a low price. The cost effectiveness of DMTs is likely to be strongly influenced by drug price, the magnitude and durability of relative treatment effects, treatment starting/stopping rules and any additional utility benefits over current care.

Cancer and Spirituality—Underutilized Resource for Cancer Care in India

AbstractLiving with cancer is a challenge to the individuals and their families. This is a personal perspective of a person living with a diagnosis of cancer for over a decade and as psychiatrist supporting others in a similar situation and their caregivers. The challenges are medical, psychological, social, and spiritual. In the care of persons living with a diagnosis of cancer, there is a need to mobilize all of the resources toward relief and recovery. In the Indian context, to make sense of the uncertainties, spirituality in various forms is harnessed by the patients and their families. Epics and religious stories are routinely used to make sense of the pain, distress, and uncertainties of living with cancer. It is for the caregiving professionals to understand this rich resource in India, and develop ways of maximizing the value of spirituality in the care programs. Systematic study, documentation, and adaptation of the spiritual resources of different religions and communities in the cancer care could be an important Indian contribution to cancer care in the world. Such a development could be similar to the universal acceptance of the value of yoga in the recent years.

What matters to you? A mixed-method evaluation of goal setting and attainment within reablement from a client perspective

Background Goal setting is an essential component of reablement programmes. At the same time it is also an important aspect in the evaluation of reablement from the perspective of clients. Objectives As part of the TRANS-SENIOR project, this research aims to get an in-depth insight of goal setting and goal attainment within reablement services from the perspective of the older person. Material and methods A convergent mixed methods design was used, combining data from electronic care files, and completed Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) forms with individual interviews. Results In total, 17 clients participated. Participants’ meaningful goals mainly focused on self-care, rather than leisure or productivity. This mattered most to them, since being independent in performing self-care tasks increased clients’ confidence and perseverance. Regarding goal attainment, a statistically significant and clinically relevant increase in self-perceived performance and satisfaction scores were observed. Conclusion Although most goals focused on self-care, it became apparent that these tasks matter to participants, especially because these often precede fundamental life goals. Significance Reablement can positively contribute to goal setting and attainment of clients and may contribute to increased independence. However, effectiveness, and subsequently long-term effects, are not yet accomplished and should be evaluated in future research.

Perception of middle-aged and older adults towards mHealth apps: A comparative factor analysis between Australia and Germany

ObjectiveAlthough evidence of the global effectiveness and usability of mobile health (mHealth) apps as non-drug interventions is growing, older adults often demonstrate low adoption rates of these apps. This study aims to identify the perspectives of older adults on introducing and adopting mHealth apps in Australia and Germany. Materials and MethodsWe conducted two online cross-sectional surveys to examine factors from contextual, technological and personal perspectives that influence older adults in mHealth app adoption. Using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests and exploratory factor analysis, we identified the differences and similarities between respondents’ perspectives across two countries. ResultsA total of 290 respondents (149, Australia; 141, Germany) completed the survey. Older adults’ ability to use a mHealth app, the user-friendliness of the app, their positive self-efficacy regarding their health and resource availability for using mHealth apps were related to intended adoption. Differences between Germany and Australia were found in issues concerned with data sharing and empowerment by the doctor, while similarities were related to trust in the doctor and their treatment approaches. Discussion and ConclusionThis study highlights participants’ perspectives and attitudes towards mHealth app use, unmet needs and barriers, and the facilitating influences in the two countries. These insights can be used to inform the development and implementation of mHealth apps and to construct tailored strategies to increase the adoption rates of mHealth apps among older adults and to maximise their potential benefits.

REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD): Personal perspectives and research priorities.

The formal identification and naming of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) in 1985-1987 is described; the historical background of RBD from 1966 to 1985 is briefly discussed; and RBD milestones are presented. Current knowledge on RBD is identified with reference to recent comprehensive reviews, allowing for a focus on research priorities for RBD: factors and predictors of neurodegenerative phenoconversion from isolated RBD and patient enrolment in neuroprotective trials; isolated RBD clinical research cohorts; epidemiology of RBD; traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, RBD and neurodegeneration; depression, RBD and synucleinopathy; evolution of prodromal RBD to neurodegeneration; gut microbiome dysbiosis and colonic synuclein histopathology in isolated RBD; other alpha-synuclein research in isolated RBD; narcolepsy-RBD; dreams and nightmares in RBD; phasic REM sleep in isolated RBD; RBD, periodic limb movements, periodic limb movement disorder pseudo-RBD; other neurophysiology research in RBD; cardiac scintigraphy (123I-MIBG) in isolated RBD; brain magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers in isolated RBD; microRNAs as biomarkers in isolated RBD; actigraphic, other automated digital monitoring and machine learning research in RBD; prognostic counselling and ethical considerations in isolated RBD; and REM sleep basic science research. RBD research is flourishing, and is strategically situated at an ever-expanding crossroads of clinical (sleep) medicine, neurology, psychiatry and neuroscience.

Advanced Insights on MXenes: Categories, Properties, Synthesis, and Applications in Alkali Metal Ion Batteries.

The development and optimization of promising anode material for next-generation alkali metal ion batteries are significant for clean energy evolution. 2D MXenes have drawn extensive attention in electrochemical energy storage applications, due to their multiple advantages including excellent conductivity, robust mechanical properties, hydrophilicity of its functional terminations, and outstanding electrochemical storage capability. In this review, the categories, properties, and synthesis methods of MXenes are first outlined. Furthermore, the latest research and progress of MXenes and their composites in alkali metal ion storage are also summarized comprehensively. A special emphasis is placed on MXenes and their hybrids, ranging from material design and fabrication to fundamental understanding of the alkali ion storage mechanisms to battery performance optimization strategies. Lastly, the challenges and personal perspectives of the future research of MXenes and their composites for energy storage are presented.

Surface plasmon resonance-mediated photocatalytic H2 generation.

The limited yield of H2 production has posed a significant challenge in contemporary research. To address this issue, researchers have turned to the application of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) materials in photocatalytic H2 generation SPR, arising from collective electron oscillations, enhances light absorption and facilitates efficient separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs in semiconductor systems, thereby boosting photocatalytic H2 production efficiency. However, existing reviews predominantly focus on SPR noble metals, neglecting non-noble metals and SPR semiconductors. In this review, we begin by elucidating five different SPR mechanisms, covering hot electron injection, electric field enhancement, light scattering, plasmon-induced resonant energy transfer, and photo-thermionic effect, by which SPR enhances photocatalytic activity. Subsequently, a comprehensive overview follows, detailing the application of SPR materials-metals, non-noble metals, and SPR semiconductors-in photocatalytic H2 production. Additionally, a personal perspective is offered on developing highly efficient SPR-based photocatalysis systems for solar-to-H2 conversion in the future. This review aims to guide the development of next-gen SPR-based materials for advancing solar-to-fuel conversion.

My 35 Years in Mixed Methods Research

I dedicate this paper to my friend and colleague, Mike Fetters, who served as senior co-editor of the Journal of Mixed Methods Research (JMMR). In this paper, I discuss key mixed methods developments over the last 35 years, my fortunate involvement in them, and my collaboration with Mike Fetters in several of them. The discussion focuses on founding leaders of the field, combining quantitative and qualitative research, co-founding JMMR and the Mixed Methods International Research Association, teaching and simplifying mixed methods research, promoting the methodology internationally, assisting external groups in establishing quality standards for the field, and co-founding with Mike Fetters the Michigan Mixed Methods Research Program. This discussion contributes a personal historical perspective about the mixed methods field.

The semiotic phenomenology of inverse alteroception

Abstract Alteroception is the virtual experience of another person’s bodily movement centered in the perspective of the other person. In face-to-face interactions, human beings tend to assume a special mode of alteroception by mutually but tacitly recognizing that ‘your right is on my left and your left is on my right’. Researchers of neonatal cognition and early childhood development describe this mode of alteroception as “reverse” or “inverted”. Inverse alteroception goes beyond mirror-image mimesis to chiastic (crisscrossing) mimesis in acts of intersubjective sense-making; but the cognitive and cultural affordances of this inverse reciprocal ability are largely untreated in the literature. I argue that this unique aspect of human phenomenology deserves closer attention since it enables a broader palette of diagrammatic contrasts that extend far beyond face-to-face interaction. In this paper, I apply insights from Peircean and Greimasian semiotics to argue that salient features of the human lifeworld originate from imaginative mappings of inverse alteroception onto other domains. From diagrams of gesture space and contemporary visual design to the structures of the Proscenium stage, from historic heraldry to Aristotle’s logical square of oppositions and beyond, many visual/spatial designs and their reciprocal interaction with human experience are linked to this ability – an ability that owes its origins, in turn, to the evolution of upright posture.

Non-peer professionals' understanding of recovery and attitudes towards peer support workers joining existing community mental health teams in the North Denmark Region: A qualitative study.

Peer support is a collaborative practice where people with lived experience of mental health conditions engage in supporting like-minded. Peer support impacts on personal recovery and empowerment and creates value at an organisational level. However, the implementation of peer support into existing mental health services is often impeded by barriers embedded in organisational culture and support in role expectations. Non-peer professionals' recovery orientation and attitudes towards peer support workers (PSWs) are essential factors in the implementation of peer support, and this study explored non-peer professionals' understanding of recovery and their attitudes towards PSWs joining existing community mental health teams in one region of Denmark. In total, 17 non-peer professionals participated in three focus groups. Thematic analysis led to three themes: (1) Recovery is a process of "getting better" and balancing personal and clinical perspectives; (2) Realising recovery-oriented practice: a challenging task with conflicting values; and (3) Expectations and concerns about peer support workers joining the team. Recovery-oriented practice faces challenging conditions in contemporary mental health services due to a dominant focus on biomedical aspects in care and treatment. Implementation facilitators and barriers in the employment of PSWs point towards fundamental aspects that must be present when employing PSWs in an organisation. The issues described leading up to the employment of PSWs reflected in this study underpin the importance of preparing an organisation for the employment of PSWs based on the available knowledge.

Health through the eyes of youths: a qualitative study.

Emerging definitions of health have suggested a shift in focus to one's ability to manage their health condition, function, and social determinants of health. The construct of health for youths with mental health and substance use disorders (MHSU) is complex and multi-dimensional with interplay between biological, behavioral, and social conditions. Expanding definitions of health is crucial in the measurement of health and evaluation of integrated youth services (IYS) systems for people with MHSU disorders. Hence, it is critical to understand the construct of health from the perspective of a young person living with a MHSU disorder. This study was conducted using inductive thematic analysis. Three focus groups were conducted from July to August 2017. A total of 22 youths (17-24 years) took part in this study. Results showed that health is a multidimensional construct situated in the ecosystem of a person's environment. Health can be understood from two macro themes: Individual health and Determinants of health. It consisted of physical health, mental health, day-to-day functioning, and being in control of your own health condition. Systemic and social factors were factors that influenced the state of health. This study contributes to a conceptualization of good health in youth with MHSU disorders. This conceptualization can aid in the development of more accurate measures of health and functioning and the evaluation of mental health services for youth with MHSU.

Assessment of Adoption and Acceptance of Building Information Modeling for Building Construction among Industries in Qatar

Building information modeling (BIM) has become a vital tool in the construction industry, especially in Qatar, where remarkable infrastructural growth and innovation have taken place. This study looked into the factors influencing the adoption and acceptability of BIM in the Qatari construction industry using the Information System Success Model (ISSM), the Technology Acceptability Model (TAM), and structural equation modeling (SEM). Survey information gathered from project managers, contractors, engineers, architects, suppliers, and BIM specialists with direct BIM expertise was examined. The results showed that intentions to adopt BIM have a significant influence on its Perceived Usefulness and ease of use. The adoption of BIM is also significantly impacted by ISSM elements, including the Total Quality, Organizational Efficiency, Innovativeness, and Financial Aspects. This study illustrates the complex interactions between organizational influences and personal perspectives by demonstrating the direct and indirect effects of these factors on BIM adoption. These results provide a complete picture of the dynamics influencing BIM adoption in Qatar’s construction sector. As a result, this study makes connections between individual technology acceptance and the larger socio-technical environment of BIM implementation, providing essential information for building sector stakeholders, policymakers, and industry leaders. By using these insights to create strategies to boost BIM’s adoption and acceptability, the construction industries may be further aligned with global best practices in project management and delivery.

Explorative observational study of Dutch patient–clinician interactions: operationalisation of personal perspective elicitation as part of shared decision-making in real-life audio-recorded consultations

ObjectivesPatients’ preferences, values and contexts are important elements of the shared decision-making (SDM) process. We captured those elements into the concept of ‘personal perspective elicitation’ (PPE), which reflects the need...

Consumers' variety-seeking behaviors under time pressure: Based on regulatory focus and excitement levels.

Variety-seeking behavior has received substantial attention in marketing literature. Although various explanations of the causes of variety-seeking explore the influence of consumers' internal psychological characteristics on behavioral decisions, few studies have been conducted on external factors. With the fast pace of modern life and the increasing trend of online shopping, consumers often face time constraints when making purchasing decisions. This study examines the impact of time pressure as a significant external environmental factor on consumers' variety-seeking behavior. A conceptual framework is developed based on construal level theory to uncover the influencing mechanism of time pressure on variety-seeking behavior while also considering the effects of the consumer's personality and emotional state. We conducted two experiments to investigate the moderating effect of regulatory focus from the personality perspective and excitement level from the emotional state perspective. Study 1 found that time pressure significantly affects variety-seeking behavior. Additionally, consumers with prevention regulatory focus tend to exhibit more variety-seeking behavior when not under time pressure. Study 2 supports the main effect and shows that the level of excitement affects the impact of time pressure on variety-seeking behavior. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature on consumer behavior and purchasing decisions by presenting a robust theoretical framework that provides practical insights and implications for enterprise managers.