Personality Patterns In Patients Research Articles

Clinical personality patterns in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia waiting for bone marrow transplantation

IntroductionPersonality disorders are rather widespread in oncology settings demanding special attention of clinician. Serious illness threatening person's life as well as severe treatment and side effects lead to specific self-regulatory emotional and cognitive efforts. Personality could both play an important role in this process predicting adjustment and survival and change in line with illness pathogenesis.ObjectivesThe personality patterns could be important predictors of operation success and further adjustment for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) waiting for bone marrow transplantation.AimTo reveal personality patterns specific for patients with ALL.MethodsTwenty-five patients with ALL (11 males, 37.4 ± 9.5 years old) filled Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory–III and Big Five Questionnairie–2. Comparison group included 180 people of the same age and gender without history of mental or severe somatic disorders.ResultsMale patients comparing to healthy males were lower on emotional control and higher in negativistic personality pattern (P < .05). Female patients were higher on dynamism but lower in openness to culture and antisocial pattern (P < .05). They rarely expressed patterns of borderline disorder and drug dependence but reported more compulsive traits (P < .05).ConclusionsSevere illness could increase likelihood of emotion regulation difficulties and passive-aggressive coping in male patients while stimulate activity and compulsive behaviour in females. These patterns should be taken into account in psychological support of patents to bone marrow transplantation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Personality disorders and its association with anxiety and depression among patients of severe acne: A cross-sectional study from Eastern India.

Background:In many patients, emotional stress may exacerbate acne. Psychological problems such as social phobias, low self-esteem, or depression may also occur as a result of acne. The presence of acne may have some negative effect on the quality of life, self-esteem, and mood of the affected patients. While some studies have been undertaken about anxiety, depression, and personality patterns in patients with acne, only a few studies have been done to identify specific personality disorders in patients with acne. Furthermore, there is a dearth of data regarding the effect of personality disorder on the psychological states of the patients which prompted us to undertake the present study.Methodology:This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, undertaken in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Eastern India. Consecutive patients suffering from severe (Grade 3 and 4) acne, attending the Dermatology Outpatient Department, aged above 18 years were included to the study.Results:A total of 65 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 26 years. Personality disorder was present in 29.2% of patients. The diagnosed personality disorders were obsessive compulsive personality disorder (n = 9, 13.8%), anxious (avoidant) personality disorder (n = 6, 9.2%), and borderline personality disorder (n = 2, 3%), mixed personality disorder (n = 2, 3%). All patients with personality disorder had some psychiatric comorbidity. Patients having personality disorder had higher number of anxiety and depressive disorders which were also statistically significant.Conclusion:The present study highlights that personality disorders and other psychiatric comorbidities are common in the setting of severe acne.

Distinctive personality patterns in patients with chronic viral hepatitis

Results We have evaluated 29 patients with chronic viral hepatitis (21 females and 8 males – 9 with HBV and 20 with HCV) and 28 subjects for the control group (18 females and 10 males). The mean age in patients with chronic hepatitis was 47.97 ± 13.63 vs. 31.36 ± 8.28 in the control group. Comparing the results between the control group and the two subgroups with HBV and HCV infection we obtained the following statistically significant differences: • The HBV group presented 31 scales with significant differences compared to controls, with elevated scores for: OBS (obsessiveness), DEP (depression), ANG (anger), TPA (type A personality) and TRT (negative treatment indicators) scales and subscales TRT1 (low motivation) and TRT2 (inability to disclose), etc. • The HCV group presented 7 scales with significant differences compared to controls, with elevated scores mostly for scales related to the somatic connection. We also identified statistically significant differences between the two chronic hepatitis subgroups (namely 27 scales related to OBS (obsessions), DEP1 (lack of drive), ANG2 (irritability), and CYN (cynicism).

Distinct Dopaminergic Personality Patterns in Patients with Prolactinomas: A Comparison with Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma Patients and Age- and Gender-Matched Controls

Introduction: Personality patterns such as extraversion and novelty seeking have been associated with an altered dopaminergic activity in healthy subjects. Patients with prolactinomas have been described as exhibiting an altered dopaminergic tone and are often treated with dopamine agonists. Little is known about the personality traits of this patient group. Hence, we aimed at examining whether patients with prolactinomas exhibit modified personality patterns compared to patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas and healthy controls. Subjects/Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 86 patients with prolactinomas and 58 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA) were compared with 172 mentally healthy age- and gender-matched controls. To assess personality traits, standardized personality questionnaires (Eysenck personality questionnaire-EPQ-RK and Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire devised by Cloninger-TPQ) were administered. Results: Patients with either prolactinomas or NFPA showed a distinct personality profile compared to the normal population, characterized by increased neuroticism and they also answered in a socially desirable mode. On harm-avoidant total and subscales, they presented with a higher fear of uncertainty and also increased fatigability and asthenia. The prolactinoma patients, when contrasted with the ‘clinical’ control group of patients with NFPA and after post hoc tests for multiple comparisons following the Bonferroni-Holm procedure showed significantly reduced extraversion (p = 0.044) and increased shyness with strangers (p = 0.044), tending to be more neurotic and present lower scores in the novelty seeking subscale impulsiveness. Conclusion: This is, to our knowledge, the first study providing new evidence of an altered personality profile of prolactinoma patients which might affect the patient-doctor relationship, treatment and patient’s quality of life.

MMPI-II personality profiles of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

This comparative study explored whether psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are a unique disorder with distinctive personality characteristics or (seen from the personality profile) PNES are allied with the domain of a general functional somatic symptom and syndrome (FSSS). We compared the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2) results for 41 patients with newly diagnosed PNES and 43 patients with newly diagnosed insomnia. There were no statistically significant quantitative scoring differences on the main clinical scales, indicating that there is no substantial difference in ”personality makeup” between the two groups with a FSSS. Additional subscale analysis indicated that patients with PNES reported significantly more somatic complaints (Hysteria 4) and bizarre sensory experiences (Schizophrenia 6). Further profile analysis revealed that the personality pattern of patients with PNES was characterized by a strong tendency toward ”conversion V, a lack of control pattern and less excessive worries” as compared with patients with insomnia. Patients with PNES are characterized by a stronger tendency toward somatization and externalization, which has treatment implications.

Can psychopharmacological treatment change personality traits in patients with panic disorder?

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects that a particular psychopharmacological treatment has on personality patterns in patients with panic disorder. Forty-seven patients with panic disorder and 40 controls were included in the study. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory were used to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, diagnoses and personality traits, respectively. Patients were treated with sertraline for 16 weeks. There was a significant decrease in the score on 8 of the 10 Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory scales. In addition, neurotic triad and psychasthenia personality scores were higher among panic disorder patients, even during the posttreatment asymptomatic phase, than among controls. In the asymptomatic phase of the disease, panic disorder patients present a particular neurotic/anxious personality pattern. This pattern, although altered in the presence of acute symptoms, could be a focus of research.

Personality patterns in patients with myotonic dystrophy.

Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a multisystemic disease. The central nervous system is affected by cognitive, affective, and personality disturbances. A characteristic behavior was noted from the first clinical descriptions, but no definitive conclusions have been drawn despite extensive debate. As DM is a genetic disease of well-defined abnormality, it may be a good model for understanding the relative contributions of nature and nurture in the building of personality traits. To investigate the possibility that there is a personality pattern that is characteristic of patients with DM. The personalities of 15 adult (age range, 20-53 years) patients with DM with no, or minimal, muscle weakness were studied by means of the International Personality Disorder Examination. The results were compared with those from 14 matched healthy subjects (age range, 20-54 years) and 12 patients (age range, 22-50 years) with a mild form of facioscapulohumeral dystrophy. The Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France. Patients with DM exhibited a homogeneous personality profile, with statistically significant differences (P<.005) for avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, passive-aggressive, and schizotypic traits. In both groups of controls, the personality profiles were extremely heterogeneous. Personality disorders (avoidant personality) were found in 4 of 15 patients with DM. The findings of this study suggest that the personality pattern of patients with DM is related to their disease. Their personality disorders are not attributable to their adjustment to a disabling condition. By contrast, among the patients with DM, the high incidence of avoidant personality, a phenotype poorly represented in the general population, supports the idea that it is the expression of a primary phenomenon related to a genetic mutation.

Personality pattern of patients with chronic gastric ulcer: a case control study.

Personality factors are thought to play a role in peptic ulcer disease. In this study the psychological profiles of chronic gastric ulcer (GU) patients (n = 28) were compared to matched controls (n = 28) using the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire Form C. GU patients were characterized by traits of anxiety, dependence, introspection, trustfulness and adaptability. These findings are discussed in the light of the literature on personality and peptic ulcer disease.

The personality pattern of patients with chronic peptic ulcer. A case-control study.

The personality assessment of 96 patients with gastric ulcer (GU) and 70 patients with duodenal ulcer (DU) was carried out using the Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF). Two control groups were used; one group comprised community controls and the other patient controls--that is, patients with cholelithiasis. Three of the four personality characteristics that distinguished female GU and/or DU patients from controls--emotional instability, tension, and anxiety--and the two characteristics that distinguished male GU patients--low enthusiasm and low self-control--are components of neuroticism. Female GU patients in exacerbation resembled those in remission, and GU and DU patients had similar personality profiles. Although a distinct personality pattern has yet to be identified in peptic ulcer, the results of this study and others suggest that both GU and DU are associated with the personality abnormalities of anxiety and neuroticism.

Night terrors. Clinical characteristics and personality patterns.

The development and clinical course of night terrors and the personality patterns of patients with this disorder were evaluated in 40 adults who had a current complaint of night terrors. Compared with a group of adult sleepwalkers, the patients with night terrors had a later age of onset for their disorder, a higher frequency of events, and an earlier time of night for the occurrence of episodes. Both groups had high levels of psychopathology, with higher values for the night terror group. This sleepwalkers showed active, outwardly directed behavioral patterns, whereas the night terror patients showed an inhibition of outward expressions of aggression and a predominance of anxiety, depression, tendencies obsessive-compulsive/, and phobicness. Although night terrors and sleepwalking in childhood seem to be related primarily to genetic and developmental factors, their persistence and especially their onset in adulthood are found to be related more to psychological factors.

Personality Pattern of Patients with Chronic Gastric Ulcer: Study of neuroticism and extroversion in a gastric ulcer and a control population

Forty-four patients with chronic gastric ulcer were compared with a control group matched for age, sex, and place of residence. The personality pattern was studied by the Eysenck Personality Inventory and personality assessed in terms of neuroticism and extroversion. The relevance of social class was also studied. The gastric ulcer population did not differ from the control group except among the male population, in which the gastric ulcer population was significantly more neurotic and less extroverted than their controls.

Personality patterns in patients with diabetes mellitus of long duration.

One hundred and twelve patients with diabetes for twenty-five to forty-eight years were studied with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Of these, sixty-seven had been awarded the Quarter Century Victory Medal, having been found free of vascular complications after twenty-five or more years of diabetes. The personality inventory disclosed statistically significant differences between medal and nonmedal patients in three of the thirteen scales, and three other scales approached significance. When divided as to sex, different personality patterns characterized the groups but in both sexes nonmedal patients had significantly higher hypochondriasis scores. When depression, a frequently elevated score, was excluded, significantly more nonmedal patients had other abnormal scale scores (above 2 standard deviations). The differences in scores between medal and nonmedal patients warrant early personality screening and appropriate therapy to help the adaptation process of the person with diabetes.

Personality patterns of patients before and after application for psychotherapy.

Personality patterns of patients before and after application for psychotherapy.

Personality patterns in patients with malignant tumors of the breast and cervix; an exploratory study.

Personality patterns in patients with malignant tumors of the breast and cervix; an exploratory study.