Personality Hardiness Research Articles

Study the interaction effect between burnout and personality hardiness on organisational role stress

Each and every human being have different desires in our life. To fulfill all the desires in life, generates stress and tension. Burnout is the severe form of stress i.e. the negative side of stress that leads to burnout. Burnout is an important phenomenon concern in teaching profession. It is very hard to avoid stress. But some optimistic and goal achievers find out their ways and means to deal stress in a better way. The concept hardiness emerged out from this which means some people have tendency to deal with stress effectively, as they are hardy by their personality. Teacher's hardiness has buffering effects on the stress in such a way that teachers who are more psychologically hardy are on better position to tackle stress at the workplace to perform well (Chan, 2003). Strength to handle stress comes inside. There are three aspects of hardiness i.e. commitment, control and challenge which generate a new and fresh outlook of life (Kobasa, 1979). The objective of the present study was to find out the interaction effect between personality hardiness on organisational role stress. The present study was conducted on 524 secondary school teachers.

Resilience and well-being amongst seafarers: cross-sectional study of crew across 51 ships.

Duration at sea was investigated as a potential chronic stressor amongst seafarers in addition to the mediating roles of previous seafaring experience and hardiness between duration and stress. In a cross-sectional design, questionnaires were emailed to 53 tanker vessels in an international shipping company with questions relating to duration at sea, perceived stress, personality hardiness and work characteristics. The sample comprised 387 seafarers (98% male) including ratings, crew, officers, engineers, and catering staff that had been on board their ship between 0 and 24 weeks. Duration at sea was unrelated to self-reported perceived stress, even after controlling for previous seafaring experience and hardiness. Additional regression analyses demonstrated that self-reported higher levels of resilience, longer seafaring experience and greater instrumental work support were significantly associated with lower levels of self-reported stress at sea. These results imply that at least for the first 24 weeks at sea, exposure to the seafaring environment did not act as a chronic stressor. The confined environment of a ship presents particular opportunities to introduce resilience and work support programmes to help seafarers manage and reduce stress, and to enhance their well-being at sea.

青少年人格坚韧性对心理健康的调节作用

目的：考查青少年人格坚韧性对生活事件与心理健康关系的调节作用。方法：采用《青少年人格坚韧性问卷》、《青少年生活事件量表》、《生活满意度量表》、《情感平衡量表》、《状态焦虑量表》以及《简易应对方式问卷》对448名中学生进行调查。结果：回归分析表明，无论是以生活满意度、情感平衡还是焦虑为因变量，人格坚韧性的坚定维度对生活事件与心理健康关系的调节作用均显著，同时坚定与积极应对交互项的调节作用也显著。结论：人格坚韧性对生活事件与心理健康的关系存在调节作用，同时这一调节作用能够通过影响个体在面对生活事件时的应对方式来加以实现。 Objective: Relationships among life-events, potential moderating factors (hardiness) and mental health variables were assessed. Methods: 448 adolescents in Beijing were assessed using the Per-sonality Hardiness Questionnaire for Adolescent (PHQA), the adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC), the Life Satisfaction Scale, the Affect Balance Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety In-ventory, and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire. Results: Regression analysis showed that perseverance factor of hardiness moderated significantly the relationship between life-events and mental health (including life satisfaction, affect balance and anxiety), and the interaction of per-severance and positive coping had significant moderating effect. Conclusion: Hardiness had mod-erating effects between life-events and mental health, and the moderating effects were actualized through the way to cope with life-events.

Hardiness, Perceived Employability, and Career Decision Self-Efficacy Among Taiwanese College Students

Past empirical evidence has demonstrated that personality traits predict career decision self-efficacy. This study extends previous research by proposing and testing a model that examines the mediating roles of perceived internal and external employability on the relationship between personality hardiness and career decision self-efficacy. Using survey data collected from a sample of 220 college students in Taiwan, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results showed that perceived internal employability partially mediated the relationship between hardiness and career decision self-efficacy, but perceived external employability did not. Implications for career counseling and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Personalidade resistente nas equipes médica e de enfermagem em centro cirúrgico

Objective: To identify the presence of hardiness in health care professionals who work in operating rooms. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted with 58 professionals, from January to February 2013, using a closed biosocial questionnaire and the Hardiness Scale. Results: The majority (88%) of participants achieved high average on the dimensions commitment and control and, of these, seven (12%) presented a hardy personality, with high scores on the three dimensions of hardiness. Most of the subjects are women (71.4%), technical nurses (57.1%), who are married (83.3%), with 11 to 15 years working in the nursing profession (42.9%), and as operating room nurses (57.1%), besides having multiple employments (57.1%). Conclusion: We observed a small percentage of professionals that have characteristics of the hardy personality, but it was found that most of them have low scores on the control dimension of hardiness; therefore, there is a need for empowering them in their respective fields.

Development and validation of the Occupational Hardiness Questionnaire.

One of the most traditional approaches to the positive study of personality has been the research on Hardiness or Hardy Personality. However, studies about this construct have systematically suffered from a lack of sufficient psychometric guarantees of the measures. This paper presents the Occupational Hardiness Questionnaire (OHQ), the result of a research line on the subject and its measurement with a total sample of 1,647 participants. Four studies show the results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), consistency, temporal reliability and construct validity. Results indicate that the OHQ has satisfactory psychometric characteristics and can be used in the study of Occupational Health and in the area of Positive Personality.

Hardy personality and burnout syndrome among nursing students in three Brazilian universities—an analytic study

BackgroundNursing students may exhibit the characteristics of resistance to stress, such as hardiness, which can reduce the risk of burnout. However, we found only one published study about these phenomena among nursing students. Thus, we investigated the association between hardiness and burnout in such students.MethodsAn analytic, cross-sectional study was conducted among 570 nursing students from three Brazilian universities. Data were collected relating to sociodemographic characteristics, hardiness, and burnout, which we analyzed using inferential statistics.ResultsWe observed that 64.04% of nursing students in the sample had a high level of emotional exhaustion, 35.79% had a high level of cynicism, and 87.72% had a low level of professional efficacy: these are dimensions of burnout. We also found that 48.77% had a high level of control, 61.40% a high level of commitment, and 35.44% a high level of challenge: these are dimensions of hardiness. Only 24.74% of the students experienced burnout, and 21.93% met the criteria for a hardy personality. There was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of hardiness and burnout (p = 0.033), with 68.00% of hardy students not exhibiting burnout.ConclusionsAlthough nursing students live with educational stressors, burnout was not preponderant in our sample students; this may be linked to hardiness. Thus, given its benefits to student life and health, we recommend the development of strategies to promote hardiness among nursing students.

AKU BERKARYA: STUDI KASUS KETAHANAN BANTING PADA DIFABEL YANG BERWIRAUSAHA

This study attempted to find out how changed hardiness on entreprenuer s difabel. This study used a case study. Design subjects or informants in this study were three entrepreneurs difabel which is had their personal entrepreneurminimalfor 2 years. The results obtained in this study was everyone basically already had hardy personality and past experiences made them more hardy. Burden of physical andphychic were another threat on difabel. Hardiness was an aspect that can help difabel deal with internal-external conflicts anddevelop their potential for self-actualization. Keywords: Hardiness, DifabelDaksa, Wirausaha

A Causal Model of Antecedents With Burnout Focusing on the Intermediate Role of Hardy Personality in Iranian Nurses

Nowadays burnout is a common issue in all health systems and therapeutic professions. Burnout is caused by job stressors and results in reduction in output, increase in absenteeism and health expenses, behavioral changes, and sometimes drugs abuse. Nonetheless, people who have hardy personalities experience less exhaustion. The present research aimed to present a causal model of antecedents with burnout to emphasize the intermediate role of hardy personality in the nurses working in the public hospitals of Shiraz, Iran. The study data were collected using the Nursing Burnout Scale questionnaire (Int J Nurs Stud. 2008;45(3):418-427). In addition, the structural equation method was used as a model in order to determine the relationship between the variables. The suggested pattern in this research was checked by Leasrel software, version 8.5. The study results showed that antecedents, such as incorrect supervision, responsibility, and workload, have a significant effect on burnout. However, mediated hardy personality had no effect on burnout. The results also showed that the people who had hardy personality could manage the stressful situations well and, consequently, rarely experience burnout. Overall, if the job stressors are existent in the job environment and the individuals cannot eradicate them, they will cause burnout outbreak.

The Experience of Work Engagement, Hardy Personality, Optimism and Subjective Well-Being among Nurses from China and Spain

Engaged nurses have a sense of energetic and effective connection with their work activities and they see themselves as fully capable of dealing with the demands of their job. To analyze the experience of work engagement, examining cross-national differences in Hardy Personality (HP), optimism and subjective well-being among nurses from China and Spain. Cross-cultural study with a sample with 154 nurses from Beijing (China) and 164 nurses from Madrid (Spain) who completed the Engagement, HP, Optimism and Subjective Well-Being (SWB) Scales. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlations, Student’s t-tests and hierarchical multiple regression. The personality characteristics in these countries are different, as are the variables that explain engagement. In both samples, the variable most closely associated with engagement is commitment. Optimism was another predictor, but subjective well-being was only a predictor for Spanish nurses. This study is a first approximation to understand the application of HP, optimism and subjective well-being as personal resources that affect the way in which nurses interact with their working environment and to improve engagement. Practical implications are discussed.

Modificación de la personalidad mediante una terapia cognitivo-conductual de afrontamiento al estrés.

The objective of this study was to assess the possibility of varying personality variables (such as some of the Big Five factors, or hardiness) through the application of a stress doping therapy. Twenty-six people participated from universities with high perceived stress, divided into two groups (treatment group and control group). The assessment instruments selected were classified into two groups: psychological and emotional variables and personality variables.The results showed that after the program, the experimental group showed a decline in scores of stress, psychopathology and worries. On the other hand, personality variables, interaction was found in the variables moment x group, optimism, extraversion factor and accountability, corresponding to the model of the Big Five factors showed increased scores on these variables. However, these changes were not in the control group. The hardy personality scores did not change in either group. This study tests the modulation of certain factors of personality through cognitive-behavioral therapy for stress management, after which beneficial effects are obtained.

Mindfulness, Hardiness, Perceived Stress among Engineering and Bds Students

Students pursuing professional courses like engineering, medical, life science etc., are frequently overwhelmed by perceived stress and greater susceptibility to engaging in high risk healthy behavior. It was hypnotizing thatthe hardiness and mindfulness would moderate the effect of the stressor and act effectively in stressful situations. For that, cross-sectional research design was used and 80 engineering and 80 medical (BDS) students from different colleges in Mangalore were involved. The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory, Hardiness scale, and Perceived Stress Scale were administered and reliability and validity of the tool were checked. The results of correlation analysis showed that Mindfulness is positively and significantly correlated with Commitment and Control, whereas Perceived stress is negatively correlated with Mindfulness, Commitment, and, Challenge. The multiple regressions showed that one of the hardiness factors- Challenge and Mindfulness construct tend to negatively associate with the criterion variable. The results imply that internal resources such as hardiness factor-challenge and mindfulness act as a shield to protect from stress. The implications of the results are discussed with possible intervention to improve the personality hardiness and mindfulness among the students.

Recovery from Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms: A Qualitative Study of Attributions in Survivors of War

ObjectiveThe study explored factors to which people traumatized by war attribute their recovery from posttraumatic symptoms and from war experiences.Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with two groups of participants with mental sequelae of the war in the former Yugoslavia: 26 people who had recovered from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and 17 people with ongoing symptoms of PTSD. Participants could attribute their recovery to any event, person or process in their life. The material was subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsEight themes covered all factors to which participants attributed their recovery. Six themes described healing factors relevant for both groups of participants: social attachment and support, various strategies of coping with symptoms, personality hardiness, mental health treatment, received material support, and normalization of everyday life. In addition to the common factors, recovered participants reported community involvement as healing, and recovered refugees identified also feeling safe after resolving their civil status as helpful. Unique to the recovered group was that they maintained reciprocal relations in social attachment and support, employed future-oriented coping and emphasised their resilient personality style.ConclusionsThe reported factors of recovery are largely consistent with models of mental health protection, models of resilience and recommended interventions in the aftermath of massive trauma. Yet, they add the importance of a strong orientation towards the future, a reciprocity in receiving and giving social support and involvement in meaningful activities that ensure social recognition as a productive and valued individual. The findings can inform psychosocial interventions to facilitate recovery from posttraumatic symptoms of people affected by war and upheaval.

Influence of Organizational Role Stress and Personality Hardiness on Teachers’ Burnout

Influence of Organizational Role Stress and Personality Hardiness on Teachers’ Burnout

The impact of hardiness on accounting task performance

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to expand upon accounting literature that highlights the benefits of hardiness in the accounting environment. Accordingly, the relationship between hardiness and accounting task performance is investigated across two scenarios in the presence of conscientiousness, a well‐documented predictor of performance (Barrick and Mount).Design/methodology/approachSubjects completed a bank reconciliation task with either an immediate deadline or a non‐immediate deadline. The personality traits were measured with scales from prior literature.FindingsThe relationship between the commitment dimension of hardiness and task performance was positive and significant in the presence of the immediate deadline, but not the non‐immediate deadline. Conversely, the conscientiousness‐task performance relationship was positive and significant under the non‐immediate deadline, but not the immediate deadline. Additional analysis revealed a significant association between commitment and detection of errors.Research limitations/implicationsSince task performance was measured in relation to one task, the generalizability of the results is limited. However, the results imply that hardiness serves as a relevant variable in cognitive performance models.Practical implicationsThe hardiness trait appears to produce positive outcomes in the accounting environment. Accounting educators and firm leaders should understand how the trait is expressed and activated in order to train professionals on critical accounting and auditing tasks.Originality/valueThis paper provides new evidence about the benefits of the hardy personality in accounting settings. Additionally, the results offer a basis for researchers to incorporate hardiness as an individual difference in studies on auditor performance.

Safety behaviours at sea: The role of personal values and personality hardiness

The present paper examined the influence of personal values and personality hardiness on self-reported safety behaviour among seafarers working onboard general cargo vessels in international trade. We analysed responses from 413 male Filipino seafarers (Mage=39.51, SD=10.66) to examine the hypotheses that personal values and hardiness individually and in combination explain variance in self-reported safety behaviour above perceptions of organisational safety climate. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that, controlling for age and safety climate, personal values and hardiness explained a significant proportion of variance in self-reported safety behaviour. Our results also demonstrated evidence of a joint effect of values and personality hardiness. This effect, however, was not in the hypothesised direction. The findings of the present study suggest that an understanding of how personal values and hardiness affect individual safety behaviour may be beneficial to organisations and managers trying to increase maritime safety.

Personality Hardiness at Different Levels of Competitive Motorcycling

This study assessed the personality construct of hardiness within elite, male, full-time, professional motorcycle racers (n = 32) from the Federation Internationale de Motorcyclisme (F.I.M) Moto G. P Championship (n = 16) and World Endurance Championship (n = 16), as well as club level motorcycling competitors (n = 31). All riders completed Nowack's Cognitive Hardiness Inventory (1990), either before the start of official qualification during race week (elite professional riders), or prior to a club weekend meet (club racers). There was a significant group difference on hardiness. In the select group of professional riders, the top 10% performing, elite riders had a significantly higher mean score on hardiness than the bottom 10% of performers, providing further evidence of high hardiness scores amongst elite performers.

Gender Differences in Adolescent Neuroticism

Societal sphere of adolescence-family milieu and peer context are important in terms of their normative and positive advancement. Appearance anxiety affects the attitudes and behaviours of both males and females but gender often temperate the strength of these relationships. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of perception of individual attractiveness and interpersonal relationship (with parents) on neuroticism in adolescent boys and girls. A sample of 100 adolescents selected randomly (Age-16-18 years) from different schools in Dibrugarh were considered for the study. Findings of the study revealed significant correlation of both the variables on neuroticism in adolescents. The correlation was negative for a cordial level of parent child relationship and positive for the remaining variable. Gender differences were noted in the degree of neuroticism as well as in appraisal of self and stress tolerance in interpersonal relations. In the context of the present changing social dynamics, the results of the present study have implications for both individual counseling as well as for the inherent discrimination in the process of socialization. In the former context it implies the need to sensitize girls and boys to the importance of self acceptance and positivity in attitude and appraisal of self and others to develop into well adjusted individuals. In the latter context it implies the significance of a non-discriminating socialization process for both boys and girls where parents encourage their daughters to develop a positive self-image and a hardy personality.

Burnout syndrome and associated factors among health professionals of a public hospital.

To identify the prevalence of burnout syndrome (BS) dimensions and their relationship with sociodemographic data, working variables, psychosocial variables, job satisfaction, hardiness, self-efficacy, and common mental disorders among health professionals of a public hospital. This cross-sectional study assessed 234 health professionals working at a public hospital in southern Brazil. Participants answered the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Job Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Hardiness Scale, The General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Self-Reporting Questionnaire, and a questionnaire specifically designed for the present study to assess sociodemographic and variables related to work. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. An association was identified between the three dimensions of BS and sociodemographic data, variables related to work, psychosocial variables, hardy personality traits, and common mental disorders. The study allowed to define a risk profile for BS, namely male, young, undergraduate workers, with a low income, who see a large number of patients per day, physicians, government employees, absence of commitment, control and challenge (hardy personality traits), low self-efficacy, job dissatisfaction, presence of common mental disorders, and intention to change career, institution, or position at current institution.

Subjective Well-Being of Retired Teachers: The Role of Psycho-Social Factors

The present study was aimed to investigate the relationship between personality hardiness, social support,religiosity and loneliness purpose in life and subjective well-being in Retirees. The sample comprised 100 retireduniversity teachers from Himachal Pradesh (50 males and 50 females). The analysis revealed that for the totalsample, Purpose in Life (32%), Social Support (12%) and Religiosity (5%) have contributed 49% of variance intotality. In Males sample, Hardiness explained the maximum variance (27%) followed by Purpose in Life (14%),Social support (8%) and Religiosity (4%). In all, these variables have accounted for 53% of variance. In Femalessample, Religiosity contributed the maximum variance (32%) followed by Social support (18%) and Purpose inlife (8%). The results have shown the commonness of three variables viz., social support, purpose n life andreligiosity in predicting the subjective well-being of both the genders. Further, t-test has revealed the superiorityof females in subjective well-being, religiosity and social support and male’s superiority on hardiness, andpurpose in life. No significant difference was observed on the variable of loneliness.