Personal Transactions Research Articles

Sounds of Silence: Sharing Wordless Picturebooks in the Classroom

AbstractWordless picturebooks are most often used in classroom settings as writing prompts or scaffolds for developing language proficiency. This article introduces and describes a teacher‐led instructional practice that we call silent orchestration. The practice provides a place and space for students' personal transactions with wordless picturebooks situated in a community of learners. Silent orchestration has three main components: preparation, guided exploration, and appreciation. Each component is described and illustrated with an extended vignette from a fifth‐grade classroom.

Hyperparameter Tunning and Feature Selection Methods for Malware Detection

Smartphones have started to take an essential place in every aspect of our lives with the developing technology. All kinds of transactions, from daily routine work to business meetings, payments, and personal transactions, started to be done via smartphones. Therefore, there is a significant amount of very important user information stored in these devices which makes them a target for malware developers. For these reasons, machine learning (ML) methods have been used to detect malicious software on android devices quickly and reliably. In this study, a machine learning-based Android malware detection system has been developed, optimized, and tested. To this end, firstly, the data in the dataset has been balanced with 3 different methods namely SMOTE, SMOTETomek and ClusterCentroids. Afterward, the obtained results have been tried to be optimized by using different feature selection approaches including mRMR, Mutual Information, Select From Model, and Select k Best. Finally, the most two successful methods from the five tested ML algorithms (i.e. RF, SVM, LR, XGBoost, and ETC) have been tuned using GridSearch, Random Search, and Bayesian Optimization algorithms in order to investigate the effects of hyperparameter tuning on the performance of ML algorithms.

Market value and related party's transactions: a panel data approach

PurposeThis research aims to examine the impact of RPTs and board of directors' characteristics on the market value of Indian listed banks. Further, this study evaluates the moderation effect of board composition on the association between RPTs banks’ market value.Design/methodology/approachThe sample size consists of 38 banks listed on Bombay stock exchange. The current study is based on secondary data for ten years from 2010 to 2019. Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) was used for estimating the results.FindingsSubsidiary transactions, board of directors' size, composition, diligence, promoters, remuneration and banks' size and leverage have a significant impact on the market value of Indian listed banks. Further, board of directors' composition positively moderates the association between RPTs and banks value measured by Tobin's. Furthermore, corporate governance characteristics have a significant impact on RPTs measured by total RPTs and all subsidiary transactions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research is limited only to listed banks whose data are available in the ProwessIQ database, which makes it difficult to generalize the findings on other unlisted banks. This research helps policymakers, investors and creditors to categorize RPTs into different groups to identify the harmful and beneficial once to the bank. The findings suggest that policymakers, investors and creditors should not consider all key personal transactions as harmful transactions; instead, the policymakers, investors and creditors should consider all subsidiary transactions as harmful in the absence of independent directors.Originality/valueThe present study contributes to the existing literature on RPTs by evaluating the interaction effect of board composition on the association between related party transactions and banks' value. Further, this research focuses on the financing industry; Indian banks, which has not been sufficiently researched in comparison to the non-financing industries.

Prediction of PrivyID Application Comments Use as an Electronic Document (e-doc) using the Ensemble Vote method

Indonesia is developing one of the more efficient and effective Financial Technology (Fintek) support services innovations by using electronic documents. The Electronic Document provider business that is used as a reference and utilized by fintech companies is PrivyID. In this study, how is the commentary aspect of using the PrivyID application for digital signature services to become a legal electronic document. Web-based application platforms and mobile applications in the community are indispensable for the use of Electronic Documents developed by PrivyID as a service provider in business and personal transactions that are needed by the community. More in-depth research regarding the Prediction of PrivyID Application Comments in Its Use as an Electronic Document (e-doc) taken from 818 data of PrivyID application users. The research was conducted by combining 3 (three) algorithms (k-Nearest Neighbor, Na¨ıve Bayes, and C4.5) in the Ensembles Vote method which resulted in the best Prediction Comment value with an accuracy of 86.80.

Strategic Peer-to-peer Energy Trading Framework Considering Distribution Network Constraints

With the development of smart home energy management technology, prosumers are endowed with increased initiative in peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions, bringing new potential for cost savings. In this study, a novel strategic P2P energy trading framework is proposed considering the impact of network constraints on personal transaction strategies. Prosumers can estimate the allowed power injection before engaging in the P2P energy trading, which is solved in a distributed manner based on the sharing form alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. To quantify the network usage cost for each prosumer and promote local transactions among prosumers at the same bus, a modified continuous double auction (CDA) matching algorithm is proposed including a transaction fee. An adaptive aggressiveness-based bidding strategy is generated considering the risk of uncertainty in real-time energy delivery amount under the limitations of the distribution network. The proposed strategic P2P energy trading framework is tested with the IEEE 37-bus distribution network and it is effective in creating profits for prosumers and supporting distribution network operations.

A Case Study on Credit Cards with Respect to India

When a country gets more and more developed it’s likely that it’s trade and commerce will also increase, increasing the number of transactions which will obviously range from small personal transactions to very big industrial transactions. In case of small amounts of transactions we can settle it with liquid cash , but for big amounts of transactions it is always difficult or rather impossible to deal with liquid cash and here comes the utility of dealing in negotiable instruments like cheques , promissory notes etc. In countries like India with a huge population we have a large number of transactions throughout the country every day and since we do not have proper developed infrastructure even today most of our transactions are done in cash. Dealings in cash always has some disadvantages of its own like maintaining a huge amount of currencies which is always a very costly affair for the country and then there are some persons who does not like to carry liquid cash as it may be a very troublesome matter according to their lifestyle. Here at this juncture a financial instrument known as credit card got inducted into the scenario which is mainly utilised for personal payment i.e. this instrument can only be utilised by some single individual to settle his or her own personal transactions. This instrument which is known as credit card has not only helped people in travelling without carrying liquid cash which was previously not possible but has also made possible to settle transactions with the help of various technological upgradations. Therefore with respect to India we see that with her huge market and more and more technological upgradation credit card is becoming an important mode of settling transactions. In this paper we will study the history and specific features of Credit Cards along with it’s utility in the modern world with a reference to modern India. This Study has been casual , exploratory and empirical in nature and the data needed for research work has been collected by using both the direct and indirect methods of data collection..

Examining the Uncharted Dark Web: Trust Signalling on Single Vendor Shops

ABSTRACT Despite their growing popularity, cryptomarkets generate risks for participants. This has promoted the reemergence of a more personal transaction model on the dark web: single vendor shops. To date, little is known about how single vendors display trust to attract potential customers without relying on the structural trust provided by cryptomarkets’ review and escrow systems. A total of 108 single vendor shops were identified. A coding grid was used to determine whether vendors displayed any of the four categories of trust signals typically found on cryptomarkets (i.e., signals related to identity, marketing, security, and signals that directly express trust). While the majority of single vendor shops were involved in illicit drug dealing, other products such as electronics, weapons, and fake documents were also offered. On average, shops displayed few trust signals. However, variations between different kinds of vendors were found: while vendors involved in illicit drug dealing displayed more identity- and marketing-related trust signals, vendors involved in fraud displayed more security-related signals and signals that directly expressed trust. Differences between vendors might be due to the nature of the products they offer and to the level of competition in their respective markets.

글로벌 스포츠웨어 브랜드의 빅데이터 분석

The purpose of this study is to examine the changes in brand keywords that interest the public through big data analysis of Nike and Adidas, which are representative global sportswear brands. In the research, various keywords related to Nike and Adidas were extracted using Google Trends and Textom, and changes in perceptions of sportswear brands were examined through content analysis. The following keywords were extracted regarding Nike: sneakers, online sales, resell trends, limited edition promotions, collaboration, brand mania, and Adidas as the competing brands. On the other hand, Adidas keywords included the following: sneakers, apparel products including leggings, online sales, personal deals based on cafes and blogs, and Nike as the competing brands. As a result of the above analysis, it can be seen that Nike is creating a culture of resell and personal transactions by launching innovative and trendy products through various collaborations and solidifying a brand fandom through services that inspire the joy of online shopping experience. On the other hand, Adidas has adapted strategies such as marathon events and idol models to make their brand focus on bestselling items, attract MZ consumers, and revitalize running culture. Additionally, it was found that consumers share their daily life through personal blogs and communities, and personal transactions are activated. This study reveals strategies and implications for future sportswear brand growth by identifying how global sportswear brands are understood and owned by the public. Furthermore, this research demonstrates what elements of the brand attract public attention through five years of brand keyword analysis. Thus, the research is considered meaningful.

An Examination of the Catalyst for Tapping into Mobile Financial Services in the Post-COVID-19 World

Amid the widespread impact of COVID-19, mobile financial services (MFS) have experienced extensive requests due to the failure to perform physical installments and the need for secure transactions. This trend cannot end the utility of cash but it may promote portable monetary administration toward a cashless world. MFS is anticipated to have a bright future as m-commerce increasingly becomes widely known. This study proposes the choice of making a trial and assessment research facility by using a fuzzy model as the most expository device. General forms of a triangular fuzzy number are subjective categories for a linguistic variable. Linguistic variables take on values defined in their term set, that is, the set of linguistic terms. The essential components, including personal innovativeness, transaction completeness, user-friendliness, anonymity, and privacy, are causal competitive advantages of the mobile payment system framework and may play a critical part in reacting to MFS. This study shows that transaction completeness, innovative interface design, privacy, and security facilitate MFS adoption. Furthermore, reliability is necessary to enhance trust in the MFS technology. This study draws on the outcomes of administrative suggestions and recommends a few observational strategies to improve the monetary administration in the MFS industry.

Discretionary Judgment of Personal Involuntary Factors Transaction of House and Land Transactions Income Tax 2.0 (I): Domestic Violence, Inability to Pay Off Debts and Self-Occupation Judgments

Discretionary Judgment of Personal Involuntary Factors Transaction of House and Land Transactions Income Tax 2.0 (I): Domestic Violence, Inability to Pay Off Debts and Self-Occupation Judgments

It Is Time to Seriously Consider Personal Blockchains

Much has been written about the benefits of using blockchains for securing transactions in finance, healthcare, supply chain management and more, and some of these benefits are already being realized. But not nearly as much consideration has been given to use blockchains for records of personal transactions. That is, there is great potential for blockchains in certifying and securing the validity, time, and order of various life events, legal transactions, records of achievement, personal contracts, healthcare records, etc. In this article, the motivation for creating personal blockchains is presented. Then, various kinds of personal blockchain implementation possibilities, use cases, challenges, and solutions are briefly discussed. Personal blockchains offer many benefits but pose some challenges and create some concerns. The purpose of this article is to stimulate more discussion and research into these issues.

RELEVANCE OF YOGA IN THE 21ST CENTURY

This lecture deals with the profound influence that yoga can have in the fields of behavioral transformation, upgrading mental strength, management of time, controlling of flow of emotions and reactions and choice of decision. The literal translation of yoga means “integration” or “union” have come to see yoga as the science which aims to harmonize or unite virtually all aspects of life – the physical, mental, social and spiritual. The most direct and abiding way to achieve this is to integrate yoga into sequential dealings of personal or professional relations to self actualization systems. Our ultimate goal is to see yoga as an inherent part of every curriculum all over the world in the 21st century. I believe that such “integration” would result in populations of students, employees, housewives and entrepreneurs who are more empathetic, self confident and mindful of themselves and one another. The anecdotal and empirical evidence is that those incorporate yoga into their curricula, find that the self management is enhanced through reduced level of stress, improved focus and increased attention span, gained enormous patience and become kind and vegetarian. In many parts of the world people have found that integrating yoga into the personal and professional dealings and transactions has had these profound and abiding effects. However, we find ourselves at a point where yoga is not an integral part of a significant number of educational curricula or day to day activities. More to the point, it could not even realistically be seen as part of a serious agenda on educational reform. Our task is therefore a daunting and formidable one. The first step towards this goal is for the educational, business and yogic community to come together in unity of purpose and clarity of voice to put forth value and relevance of scientific adaptation of yoga in the 21st century.

Computer Architecture

It is a well-known fact that the expansion of Internet has given rise to many daily activities which are being done online including financial and personal data transactions which has developed the need of security like never before. It has made people realize that the data on the internet must be secured as many types of attacks are increasing day by day with the advancement of technology. So, here the requirement is to ensure that the services are supplied to a legitimate user rather than bots to prevent service abuse. The present article provides such a security from bots with the help of a standard security mechanism called CAPTCHA. A new cognition-based design of CAPTCHA is produced overcoming the limitation of presently available CAPTCHA. Also, a new architecture for producing these CAPTCHA codes randomly is presented in this article so that the differentiation among a legitimate user and Bots can be made. Thus, the major objective of the article is to present an optimum security mechanism for differentiating among humans and Bots.

A cross-sectional study to assess the problematic use of mobile phones among a selected population in an urban area

Background: Life without a mobile phone would seem next to impossible today, where it is used not only for the sole purpose of communication but also as a storehouse of important personal information, internet facilities, navigation, social networking, bank transactions, and many more such needs. The use of mobile phones has also found to be a leading cause of road traffic accidents. This study assesses the mean score of mobile phone use among the selected population using Problematic Use of Mobile Phone (PUMP) questionnaire. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the PUMP usage among the selected population in an urban area. Materials and Methods: Quantitative nonexperimental descriptive design was followed.A total of hundred participants were included in the study and assessed using PUMP questionnaire, on the criterias of substance use disorder namely- Tolerance, Withdrawal, Craving, Social or interpersonal and Physical and psychological problems. Results: The mean scoring on PUMPs was 53%. Scores of most of the symptoms of substance abuse were more than 50% except those of withdrawal, use in physically hazardous situations, and use despite social or interpersonal problems. Conclusion: The selected population shows significantly high scores on PUMPs. Furthermore, most of the symptoms of substance abuse in the PUMP questionnaire have a scoring of over 50%.

The Digitalization of the Russian Financial Market: The Use of Technologies of the Distributed Ledger by the Institutions of Custodian Infrastructure

Over the past 30 years financial markets have moved from a highly centralized to a globalized system that includes all the world's stock exchanges and other financial institutions. The global stock architecture has united the world market. Traditionally, trading in financial instruments took place between stock brokers and traders who made personal transactions on trading platforms. At that time, stock brokers were monopolists of the market, only their information, their recommendations were the only source of information for investors. This was before the dotcom revolution, when communication became simple and accessible to everyone. Trade has been transformed from physical to electronic form, today you can buy securities, currencies and any derivatives in any quantity, at any time and from anywhere in the world. Development of blockchain technologies is integrated into financial transactions. Financial intermediaries are forced to follow the market and actively introduce new technologies in their processes. This article will consider the possibility of using the technology of the distributed ledger by institutions of custodian infrastructure. Today, a number of Russian financial institutions are developing their own projects using blockchain.

'I Knew It Was Too Good to Be True"

In the U.S., consumers increasingly turn to the internet and mobile apps to complete essential personal transactions, ranging from financial payments to job applications. This shift to digital transactions can create challenges for those without reliable home internet connections or with limited digital literacy by requiring them to submit sensitive information on public computers or on unfamiliar websites. Using interviews with 52 families from high-poverty communities in the mid-Atlantic region of the U.S., we explore the compounding privacy and security challenges that economically disadvantaged individuals face when navigating online services. We describe the real, perceived, and unknown risks they face as they navigate online transactions with limited technical skills, as well as the strategies and heuristics they employ to minimize these risks. The findings highlight a complex relationship between participants' negative experiences and their general mistrust of sharing data through online channels. We also describe a range of strategies participants use to try and protect their personal information. Based on these findings, we offer design recommendations to inform the creation of educational resources that we will develop in the next phase of this project.

Information, regulation and coordination: realist analysis of the efforts of community health committees to limit informal health care providers in Nigeria.

One of the consequences of ineffective governments is that they leave space for unlicensed and unregulated informal providers without formal training to deliver a large proportion of health services. Without institutions that facilitate appropriate health care transactions, patients tend to navigate health care markets from one inappropriate provider to another, receiving sub-optimal care, before they find appropriate providers; all the while incurring personal transaction costs. But the top-down interventions to address this barrier to accessing care are hampered by weak governments, as informal providers are entrenched in communities. To explore the role that communities could play in limiting informal providers, we applied the transaction costs theory of the firm which predicts that economic agents tend to organise production within firms when the costs of coordinating exchange through the market are greater than within a firm. In a realist analysis of qualitative data from Nigeria, we found that community health committees sometimes seek to limit informal providers in a manner that is consistent with the transaction costs theory of the firm. The committees deal not through legal sanction but by subtle influence and persuasion in a slow and faltering process of institutional change, leveraging the authority and resources available within their community, and from governments and NGOs. First, they provide information to reduce the market share controlled by informal providers, and then regulation to keep informal providers at bay while making the formal provider more competitive. When these efforts are ineffective or insufficient, committees are faced with a “make-or-buy” decision. The “make” decision involves coordination to co-produce formal health services and facilitate referrals from informal to formal providers. What sometimes results is a quasi-firm—informal and formal providers are networked in a single but loose production unit. These findings suggest that efforts to limit informal providers should seek to, among other things, augment existing community responses.

Information revelation and customer decision-making process of repeat-bidding name-your-own-price auction

Information revelation has become increasingly popular among name-your-own-price (NYOP) providers as a strategy to influence buyers' behavior and facilitate the transaction success rate in industrial practice. However, the mechanism underlying how disclosed information affects a bidder's decision-making process, as well as the consequent bidding results, remains unknown. In this study, we adopted an adapted dynamic choice model to simulate the bidders' decision process, which led to our proposal of a novel mechanism to explain how specific price information affects bidders' willingness to pay, expectation on threshold price and haggling willingness. The relationship model was then tested using real transaction data from the Shanghai Steel Transaction Center, one of the biggest steel spot transaction platforms in China that employs the NYOP pricing system. Our empirical results showed that a bidder's haggling behavior can be influenced by both personal transaction experience and revealed environmental information; therefore, sellers who intend to hinder haggling behavior can choose to reveal list price information that is more consistent with their bidders' internal reference price. Interestingly, we also found that haggling behavior may not always be harmful because it can enhance the bidders' net utility under certain conditions. Analysis of the combined effects on customer behavior—when more than one kind of relevant price information is disclosed—showed that additional market condition information (i.e., market price fluctuation) has a moderating effect on how current revealed list price information influences a bidder's decision. Thus, by very slightly increasing threshold price, sellers can facilitate haggling in order to increase customer utility in a volatile market. In summary, our study investigated an approach to understand a customer's behavior under different price information environments in the NYOP context. The results indicate that platform providers can implement various information revelation strategies to facilitate dynamic adjustment in the threshold price by sellers to maximize their profits.

A comprehensive concept map for adequate protection and effective management of personal information in networked Chinese services

Purpose – This paper aims to develop a comprehensive concept map to guide adequate protection and effective management of personal information in the provision of networked services in China through comprehensively considering the multi-disciplinary perspective of personal information protection and management with respect to their multi-dimensional applications, multi-directional controls and multi-contextual analysis in today’s networked environments. There are different perspectives on what personal information protection and management is about, why and how personal information should be protected and managed in the literature. Little, however, is known about the relationships between these multiple perspectives and their implications to personal information protection and management in the real-world practice. Design/methodology/approach – A multi-methods approach is adopted in the study, including a comprehensive review of the related literature, a content analysis of the relevant laws, polices, standards, a multi-cases study of the relevant network services providers and an online survey of the Chinese citizens who are the end-users of the networked services to adequately achieve the objective of this study. The concept map building technique is used as a tool for conducting the meta-synthesis of the findings from multiple data resources in the development of a comprehensive concept map for personal information protection and management. Findings – This study rationalizes the importance of the identification of personal information for adequate protection and effective management. It identifies five perspectives on personal information protection and management, namely, law, economics, sociology, information technology and information resources management for their applications at the organizational level. Five types of personal information are identified in the study for protection and management, namely, identifiable personal information, personal identity information, personal moral right information, personal civil right and interest information and personal business and transaction information. An integrated approach consisting of risk control, security control and users control is proposed for personal information protection and management in the provision of networked services in China. The study shows that not enough attention has been paid to the personal information protection and management from multi-disciplinary perspectives with respect to their multi-dimensional applications, multi-directional controls and multi-contextual analysis in the literature. There is a lack of understanding of what, why and how personal information is protected and managed in real-world practices in China. Practical implications – The investigation of the issues of personal information protection and management with respect to the relevant laws, polices, standards, networked services and organizations can lead to a better understanding of what, why and how personal information is protected and managed in real-world practices in China. The development of a comprehensive concept map for personal information protection and management can be used as an effective guideline for the formulation and implementation of appropriate strategies and policies in individual organizations for providing their stakeholders with quality-networked services in today’s highly connected network environment in China. Originality/value – The paper is the first step of a comprehensive study on the protection and management of personal information for the provision of networked services in China. It provides a solid foundation for further research with respect to the personal information protection and management. It is the first of this kind of studies to answer the questions of what types of personal information needed to be protected, why and how they should be protected in conformity with laws, regulations, polices, standards and the needs of networked services and business activities of organizations.

A Study on Secure Authentication System using Integrated User Authentication Service

Recently, Certificate has been loosed growth 100 times in a four years as Phishing or hacking. The service that uses a certificate in financial services occur practical and secure issues. Therefore, the Korea government abolished the mandatory system used in the certificate service. However, they did not provide a replacing method for a certificate. And it is not to fill the gaps of the certificate with OTP (One Time Password) or secure card. Therefore, this paper is proposed the alternative method with total authentication service, which is lead the more secure electronic commercial. This total authentication service can be used to verify personal identity and transaction services.