Personality Temperament Research Articles

Temperament and Voice Quality in Patients With Vocal Fold Nodules

BackgroundVocal fold nodules are most common in women and patients with vocal fold nodules represent the largest group in voice clinics. The prevalence of vocal fold nodules is particularly high in professions where the voice is used on a regular basis. The quality of the voice is influenced by a number of factors, including temperament, stress, and emotional state. These factors can influence the physiological conditions of phonation.The objective of this study was to assess the acoustic parameters of voice in patients with vocal nodules in comparison to healthy controls, and to determine whether voice quality is influenced by emotional state and coping with stress. MethodsA total of 32 patients admitted to the ENT Department of the University Medical School with voice disorders between March and June 2007 constituted the study group. All patients were found to have a vocal nodules on physical and stroboscopic examination. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals who did not report any voice disorders. All subjects underwent voice recordings in the voice laboratory. Following the completion of the voice evaluation form, anaerodynamic assessment (a, s, s/z-time), an index of vocal impairment, the Rosenbaum Schedule of Learned Resourcefulness (RLRS) and the Temperament and Characteristics Inventory (TEMPS-A), all subjects underwent further assessment. Acoustic analysis was conducted using the CSL program in MDVP and the Vocal Assessment component of Dr. Speech. ResultsThe decrease in MPT in the study group was statistically significant. There were statistically significant differences in the parameters MFo, Jitt, RAP, PPQ, SHdB, Shim, APQ, NHR, SPI from the MDVP, Jitter, Shim% from the voice assessment, and the perceptual rating (H, R, B) from Dr. Speech’s voice assessment analysis. The differences in the dimensions of anxious temperament and the examination of stress problem-solving strategies were significant between the study group and the control subjects. Differences in aerodynamic and acoustic parameters were found between disordered and healthy groups, as well as between individuals with different personalities. Overall, those with nodules were less likely to manage stress well than those without nodules. ConclusionThe study group and the control subjects showed significant differences in anxious temperament dimensions and stress problem-solving strategies. There were also differences in aerodynamic and acoustic parameters between the disordered and healthy groups, as well as between the groups with and without personality temperament differences. Overall, those with nodules were less likely to manage stress well than those without nodules. This finding indicates that stress management options are not effectively utilized in patients with vocal fold nodules. So, it might be a good idea to look into some kind of therapeutic approach and patient education for stress management.

The Legacy of Hermann Rorschach and His Inkblots: Portrait of a Man or Mental Disease?

Hermann Rorschach was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who experimented with inkblots for the purpose of diagnosing mental illness and personality temperaments. This paper highlights the legacy of Rorschach through discussion of the events that led to the inkblots' creation during Rorschach's life and after his death. The foundational elements of the inkblots were conceived in Rorschach's 1911 dissertation regarding reflex hallucinations, a form of synesthesia, that ultimately served as Rorschach's experimental focus and development of his iconic inkblots. After Rorschach's death in 1922, the inkblots were disseminated in America by Samuel Beck and Bruno Klopfer during the 1930s and 1940s while expanding on intelligence and personality metrics. Further research regarding the concept of a "group Rorschach'' was expanded by Molly Harrower and ultimately applied by Douglas Kelly and Gustav Gilbert to the Nazi Defendants at Nuremberg with the aim of conceptualizing the "Nazi personality." However, due to interpreter bias and conflicting interpretation, the results surrounding the Nazi Rorschachs remain controversial. Further controversy ensued after John Exner's attemptto standardize the Rorschach methodology while introducing new diagnostic metrics. Today, the Rorschach inkblots are criticized for their lack of validity and clinical relevance.

THE POETIC NATURE OF INTERNET-TEXTS AS A NATIONAL CHARACTER TRAIT

The article analyzes texts produced through poetic tactics – one of the linguocultural units that reflects the national specifics of Kazakhstani Internet texts located in the virtual space. The Internet has also made it possible to develop poetic discourse, the authors of which can be any Internet user. Elements of poetic tactics used in the communications of Internet users model manifestations of national consciousness. Today, in the works of native speakers in the virtual space, it is common to find texts in the poetic form of the communicants’ own work or poetic texts that are not their own works, but partially or fully quoted from other sources, for example, from popular songs, poems of great folk poets, akyns. The goal is to consider the established concepts of poetic tactics in modern linguistics and study poetic texts that reflect the national characteristics of the Internet space. In the process of writing a work, methods of description, narration, and elements of linguocultural analysis techniques are used. They reveal the meaning of the poetic nature of communicants common in a certain folk culture, create the opportunity to determine their originality, and differentiate their functions. The choice of such tactics depends on the temperament, mentality, and values of a particular linguistic personality. As a result of linguoculturological and linguopersonological analysis of texts, it is concluded that poetic tactics in Internet texts depict ideas, the spirit of the people based on the national image of the world and form the text generation of the Kazakh virtual linguistic personality. Key words: poetic tactics, Internet text, communication, Internet commentary, picture of the world, virtual space.

The Interactive Effect of Personality Types and Learning Setting on Performance in Accounting Courses

ABSTRACT This paper examines whether students’ personality types influence their performance in two masters-level accounting courses: one traditional lecture setting (Financial Accounting) and one active learning setting (Accounting Research). Research has shown that accounting student performance is related to personality types (Nourayi and Cherry 1993; Lawrence and Taylor 2000). However, the accounting profession is pushing for active learning to emphasize the importance of communication and critical thinking skills (Pincus, Stout, Sorensen, Stocks, and Lawson 2017). Our study is the first to relate personality types to performance in learning settings in the accounting area. We also extend prior personality type research to examine masters-level accounting student performance. We find that Extrovert students outperformed Introvert students in the active learning setting and Sensing students outperformed Intuitive students in the traditional lecture setting. Combining personality types into four personality temperaments and four MBTI cognitive function groups also resulted in significant effects on student performance. Data Availability: Data are available from the authors upon request.

A head-to-head comparison of eight unique personality systems in predicting somatization phenomenon

BackgroundIf somatization is an independent personality trait, it is not clear whether it is specific to the temperament or maladaptive spectrum of personality. We aimed at the head-to-head comparison of temperament and maladaptive systems and spectra of personality to predict both somatization and somatic symptom and related disorders (SSRD).MethodsThe samples included 257 cases with SSRD (70.8% female) and 1007 non-SSRD (64.3% female) from Western Iran. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament Scale (AFECTS), and Positive Affect and Negative Affect Model (PANAS) was used to data collection. A somatization factor plus temperament and maladaptive spectra of personality were extracted using exploratory factor analysis. Several hierarchical linear and logistic regressions were used to test the predictive systems and spectra.ResultsAll personality systems jointly predict both somatization and SSRD with a slightly higher contribution for temperament systems. When the temperament and maladaptive spectra were compared, both spectra above each other significantly predicted both somatization (R2 = .407 versus .263) and SSRD (R2 = .280 versus .211). The temperament spectrum explained more variance beyond the maladaptive spectrum when predicting both the somatization factor (change in R2 = .156 versus .012) and SSRD (change in R2 = .079 versus .010).ConclusionAll temperament and maladaptive frameworks of personality are complementary to predicting both somatization and SSRD. However, the somatization is more related to the temperament than the maladaptive spectrum of personality.

The Role of Resilience in the Relationships between the Big Five Personality Traits and Life Satisfaction and Anxiety

The objective of this study was to examine the role resilience plays in the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and anxiety and life satisfaction. A total of 470 students from the University of Zagreb in Croatia participated in the study. The results are explained within the framework of McCrae and Costa's (1991) temperament and instrumental model of personality and well-being. A path analysis and a bootstrapping resampling method were performed. Higher levels of extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability were associated with higher levels of resilience, which was related to lower levels of anxiety and higher life satisfaction. It can be concluded that resilience is a full mediator between extraversion and conscientiousness on the one hand, and life satisfaction and anxiety on the other. In addition, resilience is a partial mediator between agreeableness and emotional stability, and also between life satisfaction and anxiety. The practical contribution of the study lies in understanding how to better support students’ mental health by targeting the protective factors of different personality traits. Keywords: personality, life satisfaction, anxiety, resilience, early adulthood

The effect of body weight and psychological characteristics on periodontal disease development.

The aim of the study was to examine the association between periodontal health in young patients with various body mass indexes and psychological traits such as temperament, level of anxiety, and autonomic nervous system tone.

Roles of survival situation and personality temperament in the relationship between life stress and depression of higher vocational college students

BackgroundHigher vocational college students face more life stress, which can easily result in depression and hinder their healthy growth. This study aimed to explore the roles of survival situation and personality temperament in the relationship between life stress and depression.MethodsA self-compiled "College Students' Life Stress and Mental Health Questionnaire" was used to survey 4800 students in a Chinese higher vocational college. The questionnaire consisted of five subscales: life stressors scale, stress response scale, depression scale, personality temperament types scale, and survival situations scale. The sample included 4705 students, of whom 3449 (73.30%) were males and 1256 (26.70%) were females, with 990 urban students (21.04%), 3715 rural students (78.96%). The age of the participants ranged from 17 to 33 years. The data were analyzed using SPSS v26, PROCESS v3.3, and AMOS v23.Results(1) The depression rate of higher vocational students was 18.10% (with a severe depression rate of 1.60%). Life stress could explain 43.80% of depressive episodes (p < 0.01), (2) Among survival situations, the depression degree and rate of students in adversity were the highest (M = 1.56, 24.10%), (3) Among temperament types, the depression degree and rate of melancholic students were the highest (M = 2.13, 36.05%), (4) Survival situation and personality temperament had significant moderating interaction effects on depression caused by life stress (p < 0.01), students in adversity and depressive temperament were more susceptible, (5) Survival situations moderated three paths of the "life stressors-stress response-depression" partial mediation model, and personality temperament types moderated "stress response-depression" path.ConclusionProsperity and sanguine temperament are protective factors of depression caused by life stress in higher vocational students. Dilemma, adversity and melancholic temperament are risk factors of depression caused by life stress in higher vocational students.

Taste the Fragrance of Tea with the Book in Hand

Chinese tea culture has a long-standing history, is rich in content, and contains the unique spiritual characteristics of the Chinese nation. Learning about and understanding Chinese tea culture is an important and effective way to understand contemporary Chinese culture and contemporary China. The book General Introduction to Chinese Tea Culture makes use of historical research methods, international perspectives, and the concept of combining theory and practice to comprehensively discuss the conceptual connotation, development history, thoughts and art, etiquette and customs, international exchanges, to summarize and generalize Chinese tea culture. It describes the core ideas and concepts of Chinese tea culture, and illustrates the methods and paths of tea art practice, the types and functions of tea, which provides readers with a concise understanding of Chinese tea culture by setting a solid foundation for them. The book can improve a reader’s personal temperament and taste in making friends.

Simon Gaunt (4 July 1959–4 December 2021)

Simon Gaunt (4 July 1959–4 December 2021) Sarah Kay Simon Gaunt's death at the age of only 62, of complications arising from the treatment of multiple myeloma, was as shocking as it was unexpected. Within days, as the sad news rapidly spread, all the institutions he had worked for published notices of his passing. His funeral was an occasion for much grief and since then, the many communities of which he was a vital member have struggled to come to terms with their loss: his college, King's College London; the medievalist community in the United Kingdom and beyond; the world of French Studies. Simon's capacity to unite the personal with the professional, which was born of personal temperament and fostered by social conviction, meant that everyone he had worked with felt they had lost a friend as much as a colleague or mentor. For readers of Tenso, Simon Gaunt was above all a leading scholar of medieval Occitan studies, and it is this aspect of his life and legacy that this necrology highlights. Simon graduated with highest honors in French from the University of Warwick in 1985. As an undergraduate, he had benefited from the teaching of distinguished Occitanist Linda Paterson, and he stayed at Warwick to work with her on the doctoral dissertation which subsequently became Troubadours and Irony. The title of this, his first book, inscribed it in a lineage of British Occitan studies that began with Leslie Topsfield's Troubadours and Love, continued through Paterson's Troubadours and Eloquence (originally a doctoral dissertation directed by Topsfield), and was concluded by Troubadours and Irony. Essentially the structure of all three is the same: a series of chapters, each addressed to an individual troubadour, weave their way between closely argued readings of selected songs, which are often re-edited and always illuminatingly retranslated in the process. Their procession from love to irony via eloquence pinpoints significant developments in troubadour studies between the 1970s and 1980s. Troubadours are carefully individualized, the literary artistry of their compositions explored, and their sophistication demonstrated. Effectively this put an end to the still prevalent dismissiveness of the likes of Jeanroy [End Page 269] and provided an important counterweight to the contemporary systematic formalism of Zumthor and Bec. Following his contribution to this epoch-making inflection of the field, Simon Gaunt was elected in 1986 to a postdoctoral fellowship at Downing College, Cambridge, and would remain at Cambridge in one capacity or another for the next 12 years. This was a transformative period intellectually, thanks in part to the number of talented students with whom he worked, and also to the group of stimulating young medievalists with whom he bonded, all of whom went on to distinguished careers. His next monograph broke completely with the formula of The Troubadours and. … Gender and Genre in Medieval French Literature is powered by a theoretical argument about how genres are ideological constructions that create and perpetuate power structures, notably those of gender. The book is mainly about French, although Occitan songs dominate the chapter on lyric. The best chapters, to my mind, are those on narrative genres, especially the fabliau and hagiography; the romance chapter has also been widely influential. The success of Gender and Genre established Simon as an international scholar of Medieval French. The project that cemented his international standing as an Occitanist was the collaborative edition of Marcabru undertaken with Linda Paterson and Ruth Harvey, which took a decade to produce and was published in 2000; only a year before, in 1999, another collaborative volume, co-edited (with myself), The Troubadours: An Introduction, appeared with Cambridge University Press. The Marcabru edition, a formidable achievement by any standards, built on the editorial innovations of Aurelio Roncaglia and Peter Ricketts to replace the confessedly interim edition by Dejeanne. The Gaunt–Harvey–Paterson text is now also publicly available (though without translation or notes) on the RIALTO site; no one would think of working seriously on Marcabru without it. (The 1990s, incidentally, saw the name "Marcabru" feature more than any other writer of France in the title of Cambridge PhD dissertations!) The Troubadours: An Introduction also proved to be a widely used handbook. Simon...

Distressed (Type D) personality is predicted by avoidance: evidence from a computer-based avatar task.

BackgroundOne personality type associated with poor health outcomes is distressed (Type D) personality which involves high levels of both social inhibition (SI) and negative affectivity (NA). Type D is also linked to psychopathologies such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety disorders, and depression. One mechanism through which personality temperament may result in these psychopathologies is avoidance. Recently, a computer-based measure designed to assess avoidant behaviors, in which the participant guides the behavior of an avatar interacting with strangers in social situations, has been found to be related to various forms of avoidance. In the current study, we extended this work with the avatar avoidance task to determine its relationship to distressed (Type D) personality. We hypothesized that Type D personality, along with SI, but not NA, would be positively related to avatar avoidance scores. We also hypothesized that avatar avoidance scores would be higher in Type D individuals than non-Type D individuals.MethodsA total of 302 undergraduates completed the Distressed Type D Personality Scale (DS-14), and a computer-based avatar avoidance task.ResultsType D and SI, and NA to a lesser degree, were positively correlated with avoidance scores on the avatar task. Furthermore, regression analyses revealed that Type D and SI scores were best predicted by a model including avoidance scores and education level while NA scores were best predicted by a model including avoidance scores. Standard cut-off scores on the DS-14 scale resulted in four groups (i.e., low SI and NA, high SI, high NA, and Type D) which significantly differed in avoidance scores. Specifically, Type D individuals had higher avoidance scores than the other three groups. Taken together these findings support a role for avoidance in Type D personality. The computer-based avatar avoidance task may be particularly relevant as an ecologically valid measure to identify avoidance in a virtual setting for use with individuals expressing Type D personality who may be unwilling or unable to accurately self-report or describe their own avoidant tendencies.

Association between personality profiles and symptomatology patterns based on TCI and MMPI-2-RF in a transdiagnostic psychiatric sample: A person-centered approach

BackgroundThe temperament and character dimensions of personality appear to be networking structures that interact nonlinearly. Previous studies have attempted to classify temperament and character subtypes using a person-centered approach but have been unable to explore the relationship between the combination of temperament and character and psychopathology patterns in a transdiagnostic sample. The purpose of this study was to examine how symptomatology patterns differ according to individuals' personality profiles, employing a psychobiological model in a transdiagnostic psychiatric sample. MethodsParticipants were 1881 patients who visited the psychiatry department of a major medical hospital in Seoul, Korea, and completed both the Temperament Character Inventory (TCI) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructed Form (MMPI-2-RF) as part of their psychological evaluation. We performed two separate latent profile analyses using four temperament and four character indicators of the TCI to identify personality profiles and nine restructured clinical scales of the MMPI-2-RF to identify symptom patterns. ResultsFive personality classes emerged: “vulnerable-maladaptive,” “stable-adaptive,” “average,” “inhibited-neurotic,” and “impulsive-irrational.” Moreover, six symptom classes emerged: “non-distressed,” “depressed,” “emotionally-distressed,” “average,” “dysfunctional thoughts,” and “confused.” The personality profiles comprising a combination of rigid temperament and immature character were related to patterns of more severe subjective pain and symptoms. However, profiles with less rigid temperament and less immature character exhibited more diverse symptom patterns. ConclusionsThis study examined the relationship between personality profiles and symptomatology patterns, suggesting that understanding patients' personality profiles may be helpful in predicting symptom manifestation and establishing treatment plans.

A-165 Selective Mutism in Pediatric Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome: A Case Study

Abstract Objective: Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome (OMS) is an extremely rare (1 per 5 million estimated incidence), subacute movement disorder characterized by myoclonus and/or ataxia, opsoclonus, and behavioral disturbance with or without neuroblastoma. Many pediatric patients will experience long-term cognitive, behavioral, and motor sequelae. This case study describes deficits associated with a rare course of OMS and will present a poly-etiologic hypothesis for the observed profile. Improved understanding of the phenotypic variance in atypical OMS may promote diagnostic clarity and subsequent intervention for a rare presentation that is scientifically underserved. Method: Patient presented with viral infection at 2 years of age that led to loss of motor and speech functioning and ultimately a diagnosis of OMS. Patient exhibited typical features of cerebellar mutism syndrome (mutism, emotional lability, motor impairment), with rapid recovery of gross motor skills. Patient’s mutism has persisted for several years despite immunomodulatory treatment and normal neuroimaging findings. Results: Neuropsychological results indicated below average performance across intellectual, language, motoric, and academic domains. Functional and adaptive impairments secondary to social anxiety and separation distress were also exhibited. Diagnostic criteria for Selective Mutism and Social Anxiety Disorder were met. Significant anxiety, post-event stress, attachment needs, altered speech/language development, and personal temperament are all probable contributors to her prolonged mutism. Conclusions: This case study examines OMS with prolonged mutism. Mutism, while not uncommon in some cerebellar disorders or post surgically, is not well documented in the OMS literature and may represent a rare outcome. These findings add to the phenotypic variability, developmental course, and profile of atypical cerebellar presentations.

Locus of control, personality temperaments, and coping strategies of marine transportation students

The globalization of the shipping industry necessitates improving maritime students' ability to operate under pressure. This descriptive-comparative-correlational study aims to determine 239 marine students' locus of control, personality temperaments, and stress-coping strategies. It examines correlations among the aforementioned variables, and differences in coping in terms of year level, family structure, religion, locus of control (LOC) and temperament. The findings indicate that there is a plenitude of externals and phlegmatics among maritime students. They used coping strategies moderately across all three coping categories, namely avoidance, emotion-oriented, and task-oriented approaches, which is most preferred. Family structure, religion, and LOC do not affect their coping abilities. Choleric students coped better than sanguine and melancholic students; second-year students coped better than first-year students. Moreover, there is a link between temperament and coping, but not between temperament and LOC, nor between LOC and coping. As for externals, students would tend to believe that life circumstances or outcomes in school or elsewhere are influenced by external forces. As restrained, and sensitive phlegmatics, suppressing feelings of stress leads to more susceptibility to physical and mental stress, requiring effective coping techniques. Thus, recognizing and understanding their locus of control and temperaments will help them cope with stress more successfully.

ТРЕХМЕРНОЕ БАЗИСНОЕ ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И ИЗМЕРЕНИЕ АКЦЕНТУАЦИЙ ЛИЧНОСТИ

In the article, a three-dimensional basic typological model of personality accentuations is constructed, an appropriate author's basic test measuring accentuations is proposed, and its subsequent optimization is carried out. A basis is a set of elements that is characterized by completeness, orderliness and measurability. In the «basis» there is a single generalized dichotomy «external — internal», which in our article is projected on a separate personal dichotomy «social — individual». In «measurability» there are the following three basic characteristics: 1) a measure of information representation (image, word, number); 2) projection of information transformation (image into word, image into number, word into number). The last conversion (words to numbers) will be used here. 3) the assessment of the level of information measurement (low, medium, high, very high) will also be used by us. «Measurability» makes it possible to create basic multidimensional techniques (in our case, the creation of a basic three-dimensional test). The article shows the correspondence of the types of personality accentuations according to MMPI, with the professional typology of personality according to D. Holland and the new author's three-dimensional typology of personality temperament. The correspondence of the characteristics of the three typologies was carried out on the basis of the use of the principle of semantic proximity. A «typological isomorph» of three personality typologies was established. The reference semantic typological professional basis of personality according to D. Holland, consisting of six types («artistic», «conventional», «social», «realistic», «enterprising», «intellectual») was put on the basis of using the principle of semantic proximity to the six basic types of personality accentuations according to MMPI («hysterical», «psychopathic», «hypomanic», «depressive», «paranoid», «schizoid»). Correlations of the corresponding types from these typologies were found. In the future, a new author's basic test for measuring the types of personality accentuations by MMPI was developed, containing 24 diagnostic judgments. The constructive and criteria validity of the new test was established.

Creative dimensions of dniprovs's underground artists: Volodymyr Bublyk and Anatoly Sologub

The purpose of the article is to analyze the creative layer of the little-known Dnipro underground representatives in Ukrainian art criticism Volodymyr Bublyk (1950–2007) and Anatolii Solohub (1953–2014). As the methodology of scientific research was used an art history analysis based on the complex systematization, comparison, and generalization. The scientific novelty is in the introduction into scientific circulation of a significant part of the graphic heritage of Volodymyr Bublyk and Anatolii Solohub in the Dnipro region underground context of the 1980 s – 2000 s. Conclusions. An analysis of Volodymyr Bublyk and Anatolii Solohub’s work reveals a number of important aspects for characterizing the Dnipro “art of resistance”. The latter was formed in the conditions of a “closed” city, the impossibility of official exhibiting due to an alienated attitude towards the dominant ideology in the artistic process of that time. For many artists, these factors often became the cause of the existential catastrophe of every creative person. With contemporaries-brothers Volodymyr Loboda (1943), Serhii Aliev-Kovyka (1956), Oleksandr Nemiatyi (1954), the above-mentioned masters were related by the chosen format of radicalism, which was truly underground. However, the methods of creative communication of each person differed depending on the acquired life experience, the available body of knowledge, and personal temperament. The paintings of Volodymyr Bubluk combine the expression of images in a coloristic system that goes back to the aesthetics of the Fauves. A similar stylistic model of the master's painting can be delineated by the category of intuitive expressionism. The works of Anatolii Solohub are closely related to the folk tradition in their subject matter. The inner tension of his compositions, combined with unrestrained dynamics, strives for visual communication with the viewer. Key words: Dnipro underground, plein air, painting, graphics, sculpture, folk painting, art society "Steppe".

Genetic Dissection of Temperament Personality Traits in Italian Isolates.

Human personality (i.e., temperament and character) is a complex trait related to mental health, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Despite the efforts performed during the past decades, its genetic background is only just beginning to be identified. With the aim of dissecting the genetic basis of temperament, we performed a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) on Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Inventory in 587 individuals belonging to different Italian genetic isolates. Data analysis led to the identification of four new genes associated with different temperament scales, such as Novelty Seeking (NS), Harm Avoidance (HA), and Reward Dependence (RD). In detail, we identified suggestive and significant associations between: MAGI2 (highest p-value = 9.14 × 10−8), a gene already associated with schizophrenia and depressive disorder, and the NS–Extravagance scale; CALCB (highest p-value = 4.34 × 10−6), a gene likely involved in the behavioral evolution from wild wolf to domestic dog, and the NS–Disorderliness scale; BTBD3 (highest p-value = 2.152 × 10−8), a gene already linked to obsessive–compulsive disorder, and the HA–Fatigability scale; PRKN (highest p-value = 8.27 × 10−9), a gene described for early onset Parkinson’s disease, and the RD scale. Our work provides new relevant insights into the genetics of temperament, helping to elucidate the molecular basis of psychiatric disorders.

P.0487 The impact of psychopathy, temperament and character dimensions of personality on crimınal recidivism in patients with schizophrenia

P.0487 The impact of psychopathy, temperament and character dimensions of personality on crimınal recidivism in patients with schizophrenia

Predisposing factors of childhood dysphonia in primary school children

BackgroundAlthough dysphonia is a common symptom in children, there is lack of mass screening studies to cover its prevalence rate in the Egyptian Alexandrian schools. The aim of the work was to screen Alexandrian school-age children for dysphonia in order to determine the prevalence and to detect its possible predisposing factors. The study was carried out on 1913 school children (4th-6th grade), age range of 9-13 years and presenting the seven Alexandrian Educational districts. All patients were screened for the presence of dysphonia. The grade of dysphonia was assessed by a phoniatrician using perceptual auditory evaluation. Determination of possible predisposing factors was done through the application of a questionnaire. Only 317 students responded to the questionnaire.ResultsThere was a significant difference between dysphonic and non-dysphonic as regards gender, and school grade. Having a smoking family member and conducting activities requiring high vocal demands were recorded with the highest percentage among dysphonic children.ConclusionThe Study revealed a prevalence rate of childhood Dysphonia of 12.4%. The presence of chest problems, prolonged loud cry, temperament personality and passive smoking predisposed to dysphonia in primary school students.

Leading typological characteristics of temperament and psychodynamic features of personality in men with various forms of eczema

Annotation. The problem of causation in the formation of eczema in terms of psychosomatic relationship is currently relevant and virtually unresolved. The application of the complex principle of research determines a multifaceted assessment of the psychological state of the personality of patients with eczema and the possibility of its optimal correction. The aim of the study was to study the differences between the indicators of the leading typological characteristics of temperament and psychodynamic features of personality between healthy and/or eczema patients depending on the severity of dermatosis. Men aged 22 to 35 years, with a diagnosis of true and microbial eczema, were evaluated for the leading typological characteristics of temperament according to the Eysenck questionnaire and psychodynamic personality traits according to the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire. As a control from the data bank of the research center of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya indicators of the level of subjective control of 82 practically healthy men of the same age group were selected. Statistical processing of the results was performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5” using non-parametric evaluation methods. In general, it was found that among patients with eczema 5.6 % are introverts, potential introverts – 12.3 %, ambiverts – 44.6 %, potential extroverts – 29.0 % and extroverts – 8.5 %. Compared with healthy individuals, the percentage of patients with various forms and severity of eczema is higher due to subjects with low (all groups of patients) and potentially low levels of neuroticism (true eczema of mild course), low situational (true eczema of mild course eczema and microbial eczema of severe course) and personal (truth of severe eczema) anxiety, and lover – due to patients with potentially high levels of neuroticism (truth of severe eczema), moderate (severe microbial eczema) and high (truth of eczema mild) level and situation level of personal anxiety (the truth of mild eczema). Patients with severe disease are characterized by a higher level of neuroticism (true eczema) and a higher level of personal anxiety (microbial eczema) compared to patients with mild disease. Patients with severe microbial eczema have a higher level of situational anxiety compared to patients with true eczema of similar severity. Thus, psychodiagnostics, which is based solely on patients' self-description of their behavior, emotional and volitional state, leads to inconsistency, subjectivity, uninformativeness of the results of the study and does not reveal the dynamics of the disease or treatment features.