Personal Repositories Research Articles

A narrative review of metabolomics in the era of "-omics": integration into clinical practice for inborn errors of metabolism.

Traditional targeted metabolomic investigations identify a pre-defined list of analytes in samples and have been widely used for decades in the diagnosis and monitoring of inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Recent technological advances have resulted in the development and maturation of untargeted metabolomics: a holistic, unbiased, analytical approach to detecting metabolic disturbances in human disease. We aim to provide a summary of untargeted metabolomics [focusing on tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS)] and its application in the field of IEMs. Data for this review was identified through a literature search using PubMed, Google Scholar, and personal repositories of articles collected by the authors. Findings are presented within several sections describing the metabolome, the current use of targeted metabolomics in the diagnostic pathway of patients with IEMs, the more recent integration of untargeted metabolomics into clinical care, and the limitations of this newly employed analytical technique. Untargeted metabolomic investigations are increasingly utilized in screening for rare disorders, improving understanding of cellular and subcellular physiology, discovering novel biomarkers, monitoring therapy, and functionally validating genomic variants. Although the untargeted metabolomic approach has some limitations, this "next generation metabolic screening" platform is becoming increasingly affordable and accessible. When used in conjunction with genomics and the other promising "-omic" technologies, untargeted metabolomics has the potential to revolutionize the diagnostics of IEMs (and other rare disorders), improving both clinical and health economic outcomes.

Towards a training data model for artificial intelligence in earth observation

Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning (AI/ML), in particular Deep Learning (DL), is reorienting and transforming Earth Observation (EO). A consistent data model for delivery of training data will support the FAIR data principles (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) and enable Web-based use of training data in a spatial data infrastructure (SDI). Existing training datasets, including open source benchmark datasets, are usually packaged into public or personal repositories and lack discoverability and accessibility. Moreover, there is no unified method to describe the training data. Here we propose a training data model for AI in EO to allow documentation, storage, and sharing of geospatial training data in a distributed infrastructure. We present design rationales, information models, and an encoding method. Several scenarios illustrate the intended uses and benefits for EO DL applications in an open Web environment. The relationship with Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards is also discussed, as is the impact on an AI-ready SDI.

Challenges in pediatric post-sepsis care in resource limited settings: a narrative review.

ObjectiveThe objective of this narrative review is to outline the current epidemiology and interventional research within the context of sepsis recovery, and to provide a summary of key priorities for future work in this area.BackgroundMorbidity and mortality secondary to sepsis disproportionately affects children, especially those in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where over 85% of global cases and deaths occur. These regions are plagued by poorly resilient health systems, widespread socio-economic deprivation and unique vulnerabilities such as malnutrition. Reducing the overall burden of sepsis will require a multi-pronged strategy that addresses all three important periods along the sepsis care continuum - pre-facility, facility and post-facility. Of these aspects, post-facility issues have been largely neglected in research, practice and policy, and are thus the focus of this review.MethodsRelevant data for this review was identified through a literature search using PubMed, through a review of the citations of select systematic reviews and from the personal repositories of articles collected by the authors. Data is presented within three sections. The first two sections on the short and long-term outcomes among sepsis survivors each outline the epidemiology as well as review relevant interventional research done. Where clear gaps exist, these are stated. The third section focuses on priorities for future research. This section highlights the importance of data (and data systems) and of innovative interventional approaches, as key areas to improve research of post-sepsis outcomes in children.ConclusionsDuring the initial post-facility period, mortality is high with as many children dying during this period as during the acute period of hospitalization, mostly due to recurrent illness (including infections) which are associated with malnutrition and severe acute disease. Long-term outcomes, often labelled as post-sepsis syndrome (PSS), are characterized by a lag in developmental milestones and suboptimal quality of life (QoL). While long-term outcomes have not been well characterized in resource limited settings, they are well described in high-income countries (HICs), and likely are important contributors to long-term morbidity in resource limited settings. The paucity of interventional research to improve post-discharge outcomes (short- or long-term) is a clear gap in addressing its burden. A focus on the development of improved data systems for collecting routine data, standardized definitions and terminology and a health-systems approach in research need to be prioritized during any efforts to improve outcomes during the post-sepsis phase.

Wedding Dresses and Wanted Criminals: Pinterest.com as an Infrastructure for Repository Building

We present findings from a qualitative study of activity on Pinterest.com, in which we investigated professional and personal uses of the site using interview data and observations of online activity. We find that Pinterest serves as an infrastructure for repository building that supports a wide range of activities including: discovery, collecting, collaborating, and publishing. We discuss these concepts using the language of “boundary objects” from the sociology of science. We suggest that scale is a critical dimension of boundary objects for understanding how people make sense of Pinterest and their diverse goals for using it. Profession- als often attempt to use Pinterest to create repositories that scale to groups, organizations and societies and interface with multiple social worlds whereas personal repositories often have highly localized meanings. Our approach builds on quantitative descriptions of Pinterest to understand how the site fits into a growing ecology of social network sites.

“MumCare”: An Artificial Intelligence Based Assistant

Bringing a new life to the world is a wonder to every mother. Experience faced by pregnant mothers vary from one pregnancy to another pregnancy. There is a vast amount of information available on the Internet and printed materials. Yet, this knowledge is too complex or lengthy and very few applications provide customized information to pregnant mothers. In a time where smart phones have become a necessity in our life, a mobile app is one of the easiest ways to obtain prenatal information. Hence, we have developed a mobile application to help pregnant mothers. This application includes an artificial intelligence (AI) based chatbot. AI chat bot communicates and guides the mother in a way that creates the illusion as if they are talking to their unborn child. The Spiral Model was used as the development methodology and the application was developed in an environment of continuous integration and deployment with GIT personal repository. This application was implemented using React Native and the Node.js. Chat bot was created with Dialogflow agent and integrated with the firebase through the Google cloud functions. Some existing applications were studied to identify the features and limitations of current pregnancy care mobile applications. This solution is realistic and successful and it has an upgradable model of growth. The rapid development of the Internet and mobile devices in the world has changed people's lifestyles. This mobile app will be helpful for pregnant mothers living in rural as well as in metropolitan areas alike and can enhance education and health.

User Interaction with Online Information Resources: An Informetrics Approach

This research strived to investigate and provide answer to these questions: how researchers interact with online information resources when they search for information to meet their information needs. The research also intended to address the issues and problems involved in information retrieval to provide an appropriate solution to their challenges. We have conducted a qualitative approach to the investigation. We carried out interview to collect data. In this way, we chose and interviewed the 15 most informed scholars who normally interact with information and resources. Results indicated that the use of web-based information resources is dominants among researchers. Researchers were more likely to get the resources they needed from social networks. Consulting the databases and scientific social networks such as Google Scholar was common. Among the online information resources, the use of academic journals, specialized and public libraries website and online resources and personal repositories has been among highly commended resources. Among the challenges that researchers have had in using information sources was that some of resource titles did not reveal information within them. Researchers were to search for hours and days to find the information seekers and users. Lack of standarized format for searching information in search engines for databases lead researchers to misinformation, and most of interviewees complained about this matter. Results also showed that researchers categorize the retrieved information into four components: 1. Explicit useful information 2. Hidden useful information 3. Explicit inappropriate information 4. Explicit Disturbing information Findings advice information systems policy makers to adjust their propositions on the information behavior of the new generation researchers and online residents and revise their indexing and collection development guidelines.

Shared files: The retrieval perspective

People who are collaborating can share files in two main ways: performing Group Information Management (GIM) using a common repository or performing Personal Information Management (PIM) by distributing files as e‐mail attachments and storing them in personal repositories. There is a trend toward using common repositories with many organizations encouraging workers to use GIM to avoid duplication of files and management. So far, PIM and GIM have been studied by different research communities, so their effectiveness for file retrieval has not yet been systematically compared. We compared PIM and GIM in a large‐scale elicited personal information retrieval study. We asked 275 users to retrieve 860 of their own shared files, testing the effect of sharing method on success and efficiency of retrieval. Participants preferred PIM over GIM. More important, PIM retrieval was more successful: Participants using GIM failed to find 22% of their files compared with 13% failures using PIM. This may be because active organization aids retrieval: When using personally created folders, the failure percentage was 65% lower than when using default folders (e.g., My Documents), and more than 5 times lower than when using folders created by others for GIM. Theoretical reasons for this are discussed.

MBLabDB: a social database for molecular biodiversity data

MBLabDB: a social database for molecular biodiversity data

DigitalOcean: building a platform for scientific collaboration and social and media sharing on the Drupal content management system

The DigitalOcean (DO) Project is designed to bring essential Web 2.0 capabilities to an open-source software platform built for scientific collaboration and publishing. The DO platform is being built using the Drupal content management system (CMS). The following are some of the core features of the proposed platform: social networking, media/data sharing/publishing, and collaboration spaces for scientific virtual organizations (VO); active support for VO governance and reputation systems for members and objects; Creative Commons licensing, support for preprint archives and micro-articles, and; professional user-profiles that can be saved as well formatted biosketches. The DO platform serves as a collaboration environment for active research teams, a personal repository for individual researchers, an aggregation/filter for science information, and a scientific publishing tool. This article will outline the history and goals of the DO Project, the core technology concerns and solutions, and the opportunities that this new platform will bring to scientists across the planet.

Distributed knowledge sharing for collaborative product development

Product development is a knowledge-intensive activity in manufacturing enterprises. This paper analyses various forms of knowledge resources in the product development process and studies the representation scheme for them. Then a novel distributed knowledge sharing model is proposed for spreading and sharing knowledge among engineers in collaborative product development teams. In a collaborative team, engineers usually come from diverse disciplines; their demands for knowledge are also different from each other. The proposed knowledge sharing model could deliver the proper knowledge to the engineers who may need them. Moreover, our model is based on the engineers’ personal knowledge repositories rather than the centralised team knowledge repository in the collaborative team. The proposed model could bring out an efficient and proactive way for knowledge sharing among engineers in the product development process. The efficiency and usability of the proposed model are validated by experiments referring to the knowledge sharing in a real-world collaborative team of a manufacturing enterprise.

The Legacy Plan

After a long career, you're ready to close the lab and give away a lifetime's worth of specimens. Who will take them?

HARMONIZATION BETWEEN PERSONAL AND SHARED MEMORIES

This paper discusses harmonization issues between the management of resources stored locally by users in personal repositories and the management of resources shared by a community which they belong to. The solution consists in maintaining the same kind of indexing. We discuss some requirements that the motivation implies and we present some choices that have been done for engineering the system that allows to manage different types of resources and that allows to describe them with ontological elements. This paper focuses on a knowledge-based representation of resources that supports the service that the community can bring to its members. We develop our approach of semantic indexing. Some constraints due to the nature of a distributed index are also presented. Peer to peer based communities rely on a decentralized system. The paper also presents the system engineering of a prototype that gives access to the resources. It explains how the architecture is structured and the role of its layers. The Web design of the front-end guarantees an anywhere and anytime access to the resources. The system supports an easy scalability thanks to its underlying architecture based on web services.

Design a cloud storage platform for pervasive computing environments

An increasing number of personal electronic handheld devices (e.g., SmartPhone, netbook, MID and etc.), which make up the personal pervasive computing environments, are playing an important role in our daily lives. Data storage and sharing is difficult for these devices due to the data inflation and the natural limitations of mobile devices, such as the limited storage space and the limited computing capability. Since the emerging cloud storage solutions can provide reliable and unlimited storage, they satisfy to the requirement of pervasive computing very well. Thus we designed a new cloud storage platform which includes a series of shadow storage services to address these new data management challenges in pervasive computing environments, which called as "SmartBox". In SmartBox, each device is associated its shadow storage with a unique account, and the shadow storage acts as backup center as well as personal repository when the device is connected. To facilitate file navigation, all datasets in shadow storage are organized based on file attributes which support the users to seek files by semantic queries. We implemented a prototype of SmartBox focusing on pervasive environments being made up of Internet accessible devices. Experimental results with the deployments confirm the efficacy of shadow storage services in SmartBox.

Symposium 5: Exploiting Online Networks and Shared Repositories to Support the Professional Development of Distance Tutors: Introducing the PROWE Project

In recent years, considerable effort and resource has been invested into the professional development of academic staff through the use of workshops, courses, resources or Faculty mentors. But while such provision may be effective for campus based staff, we know that part-time or off-campus staff can be professionally very isolated, and they welcome the rare opportunities to exchange thoughts and experiences with their peers. Of course, the kind of professional development which is appropriate will depend on the roles and remit of part time staff, and the institutional environment. The Personal Repositories Online Wiki Environment project, PROWE for short, aims to investigate the use of informal repositories within Wikis and Weblogs by part-time tutors on distance education programmes in the two partner institutions, The Open University (UK) and University of Leicester (UoL). We will be investigating the use of Wikis and blogs for sharing and storing resources in the context of their own professional development needs. Informal repositories such as Wiki and Weblogs offer the lighter touch approach (no moderation, for example) and therefore, less staff resource intensive options to engage part-time remote tutors in interacting with other forms of repositories whilst analysing, synthesizing and producing new forms of knowledge. The project is funded for two years by the JISC Digital Repositories Programme and started in June 2005. The papers in this seminar describe the roles and remits of part time tutors who work at the Open University (UK) and the University of Leicester and then focus on the potential of informal online networks and digital repositories for staff development, as an introduction to the Jisc funded PROWE project.

Symposium 5: PROWE (Personal Repositories Online Wiki Environment) - a First Look

New online, accessible and cost-effective networking tools, such as wikis and blogs, encourage the open exchange of ideas – and usually without the need to impose heavy moderation. They also offer the possibility of collaborative authoring and other shared endeavours such as informal repository development that may contribute to building and sustaining a community of practice. Part-time distance education tutors often lack the opportunity to participate in collaborative activity and community building interaction. The PROWE project seeks to explore the potential of these new tools to foster community and realise part-time tutor professional development.

Personal image repositories as externalized memory spaces

Photographs are snapshots of personal memories and image information is an indispensable medium for knowledge dissemination. In recent years, the widespread use of the Web and the rapidly dropping ...

A distributed visualization environment as GUI for a virtual hospital

The PREPaRe system (Personal Repository for Electronic Patient Records) is a patient-oriented Internet-based distributed information system that is able to store, combine, process and visualize all types of medical data that are part of a “personal electronic medical record”. It will provide interested patients with the possibility to review their own medical data at home, at a special service center or at the physician's office. Furthermore, it will be used as a communication platform between non-medical and medical users. This paper focuses on the architecture and implementation of the distributed virtual reality environment. Required communication types are analyzed and current protocols and application interfaces of several implementations are evaluated. A prototype system including platform independent server and viewer application clients for standard web browsers is presented.

HIERARCHICAL TESTABILITY ASSISTED INTELLIGENT SIMULATION

The PREPaRe system (Personal Repository for ElectronicPatient Records) is a patient-oriented internet-based information system that is able to store, combine, process andvisualize all types of medical data that are part of a ”personal electronic medical record”.

Commentary by Ed Walker on Littlejohn, A. (2003) Reusing Online Resources, Chapter 11: Digital Libraries and Repositories, by Charles Duncan and Cuna Ekmekioglu

<div class="abstract_container"> <strong>Abstract:</strong> Duncan and Ekmekcioglu begin their chapter with the ritual observation that learning resources (i.e., library assets) are becoming ever easier to reproduce and distribute... After making only brief comments about better infrastructure for databases and inter-repository communication and the persistent value of custodianship, cataloguing and retrievability, they conclude succinctly that there will always be big, little, and personal repositories of mixed types of assets, as well as a need to federate them. They then move on to the more valuable and provocative discussion of how users of libraries and librarians themselves are better enabling their time honored symbiosis by exploiting computer and networking technology ...the mutual services that comprise the dialogs between librarians and their customers can now be performed quickly and cheaply at a distance. As a result, this performance can now involve more intricate, more frequent, and more direct interaction between provider and user. Some parts of it can even be automated, and some roles can be shared or transferred from provider to user and vice-versa. The resulting changes are more in the delivery of service than in the nature of the service, and in the style of user-provider interaction than in the intent or substance of that interaction. Following this theme, Duncan and Ekmekcioglu rightly organize the body of their chapter around the roles of librarians and users, the interface that library systems provide to other systems, and the integration of those roles and interfaces. </div> <p class="editors_container"> <strong>Editors:</strong> Allison Littlejohn and Simon Buckingham Shum.

個人の推薦に基づく個人間情報共有モデル

In this paper, we propose an inter-personal information sharing model among individuals based on personalized recommendations. In the proposed model, we define an information resource as shared between people when both of them consider it important --- not merely when they both possess it. In other words, the model defines the importance of information resources based on personalized recommendations from identifiable acquaintances. The proposed method is based on a collaborative filtering system that focuses on evaluations from identifiable acquaintances. It utilizes both user evaluations for documents and their contents. In other words, each user profile is represented as a matrix of credibility to the other users' evaluations on each domain of interests. We extended the content-based collaborative filtering method to distinguish other users to whom the documents should be recommended. We also applied a concept-based vector space model to represent the domain of interests instead of the previous method which represented them by a term-based vector space model. We introduce a personalized concept-base compiled from each user's information repository to improve the information retrieval in the user's environment. Furthermore, the concept-spaces change from user to user since they reflect the personalities of the users. Because of different concept-spaces, the similarity between a document and a user's interest varies for each user. As a result, a user receives recommendations from other users who have different view points, achieving inter-personal information sharing based on personalized recommendations. This paper also describes an experimental simulation of our information sharing model. In our laboratory, five participants accumulated a personal repository of e-mails and web pages from which they built their own concept-base. Then we estimated the user profiles according to personalized concept-bases and sets of documents which others evaluated. We simulated inter-personal recommendation based on the user profiles and evaluated the performance of the recommendation method by comparing the recommended documents to the result of the content-based collaborative filtering.