Personality Profiles Research Articles

The Underlying Structure of Preventive Behaviors and Related Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Network Analysis.

Various strategies against COVID-19 have been adopted in different countries, with vaccination and mask-wearing being widely used as self-preventive interventions. However, the underlying structure of these behaviors and related factors remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the network structure of preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and their underlying factors, incorporating age and sex in the network. We used a multi-center sample of 20,863 adults who were vaccinated against COVID-19 in China between April 1, 2021, and June 1, 2021. Networks were estimated using unregularized partial correlation models. We also estimated the accuracy and stability of the network. The preventive behaviors related to network factors revealed that self-initiated vaccination was more connected with cognition factors, and mask-wearing was more connected with personal profiles. The two clusters were linked through information-seeking and political beliefs. Moreover, self-initiated vaccination was negatively connected with vaccine hesitancy and concerns about COVID-19 vaccines and positively connected with trust in the vaccines, pandemic-related altruism, political beliefs, and being married. Mask-wearing was negatively connected with being a professional/white collar worker and higher education level and positively connected with regular physical examination, self-rated health, migration, being married, and better family relationships. Incorporation of age and sex into the network revealed relevant associations between age and mask-wearing and age and self-initiated vaccination. The network was highly accurately estimated. The subset bootstrap showed that the order of node strength centrality, betweenness, and closeness were all stable. The correlation stability coefficient (CS-coefficient) also showed the stability of this estimate, with 0.75 for node strength, 0.75 for betweenness, and 0.67 for closeness. The internal structures of vaccination and mask-wearing behaviors were quite different, the latter of which were mainly affected by socioeconomic status and health-related behaviors and the former by knowledge about vaccines and political beliefs. Information-seeking and family relationships were the bridge factors connecting these two self-preventive behavior clusters, suggesting the direction of future efforts.

Integrating Artificial Intelligence with Human Psychology

This research paper delves into the intriguing intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and human psychology, exploring the multifaceted ways in which these domains converge and influence each other. The study encompasses various applications of AI technologies in understanding, simulating, and augmenting human psychological processes, aiming to shed light on the transformative potential and ethical considerations of such integration. The first section investigates the role of AI in emotion recognition, where machine learning algorithms discern human emotions through facial expressions, voice modulation, and physiological signals. Examining the applications in mental health, human-computer interaction, and sentiment analysis, this research assesses the impact on individual well-being and the broader societal implications. The second thematic area delves into personalized learning using AI, exploring how adaptive educational content can cater to diverse learning styles, preferences, and cognitive abilities. The study evaluates the effectiveness of personalized learning in enhancing student engagement and academic achievement, with implications for reshaping educational paradigms. The third focus of this research centers on the intersection of AI-driven chatbots and mental health support. Analyzing the development and deployment of AI chatbots in providing assistance for mental health issues, the study evaluates the efficacy of these tools in reducing stigma and improving accessibility to mental health resources. Ethical considerations constitute a significant aspect of this research, with an examination of the responsible use of AI in psychometrics, personality profiling, and predictive modeling. Privacy concerns, bias mitigation, and the ethical implications of employing AI in sensitive psychological domains are critically assessed. The paper also explores the collaborative potential of AI in creative endeavors, investigating how AI tools enhance human creativity in areas such as art, music, and writing. The psychological impact on creators and the implications for the future of creative industries are thoroughly examined. Throughout the research, the ethical implications of AI are a recurrent theme, as responsible deployment and consideration of biases in AI algorithms are paramount. The study concludes with a reflection on the evolving landscape of AI in conjunction with human psychology, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical guidelines, and ongoing research to navigate the intricate nuances of this dynamic relationship.

Predicting discriminative personality profile of haters from digital texts

The rate of malicious behavior in online social media is increasing daily. The increase in malignant social behaviors, especially those involving hate speech, makes it necessary to identify haters from digital texts as quickly and accurately as possible. Recently, many studies have been conducted to identify such behaviors; however, profiling the haters’ personality has not been paid sufficient attention. Retrieving the personality profiles of suspected haters from digital texts is one of the most effective ways to distinguish them from others. This study proposes a novel hatebase-aided personality recognition model that gives more successful results than plain recognition models and predicts the discriminative personality traits of online haters. The proposed model contains the combination of two effective sub-models; a deep neural network model, and a fine-tuned BERT model. While the deep neural network model trained with hate indicators provides an interpretable relation between personality and hate indicators, the fine-tuned BERT model provides relationships between text semantics and personality. Combining these sub-models, the proposed model gives hatebase-related personality recognition results. This study evaluates two popular personality models: the Big Five and the MBTI. According to experiments, compared with other users, online haters are less agreeable regarding the Big Five and fewer thinkers regarding the MBTI.

Sources of Variance in Human Tear Proteomic Samples: Statistical Evaluation, Quality Control, Normalization, and Biological Insight.

Human tear fluid contains numerous compounds, which are present in highly variable amounts owing to the dynamic and multipurpose functions of tears. A better understanding of the level and sources of variance is essential for determining the functions of the different tear components and the limitations of tear samples as a potential biomarker source. In this study, a quantitative proteomic method was used to analyze variations in the tear protein profiles of healthy volunteers. High day-to-day and inter-eye personal variances were observed in the tear volumes, protein content, and composition of the tear samples. Several normalization and outlier exclusion approaches were evaluated to decrease variances. Despite the intrapersonal variances, statistically significant differences and cluster analysis revealed that proteome profile and immunoglobulin composition of tear fluid present personal characteristics. Using correlation analysis, we could identify several correlating protein clusters, mainly related to the source of the proteins. Our study is the first attempt to achieve more insight into the biochemical background of human tears by statistical evaluation of the experimentally observed dynamic behavior of the tear proteome. As a pilot study for determination of personal protein profiles of the tear fluids of individual patients, it contributes to the application of this noninvasively collectible body fluid in personal medicine.

Association of Poor Oral Health With Neuroimaging Markers of White Matter Injury in Middle-Aged Participants in the UK Biobank.

Poor oral health is a modifiable risk factor that is associated with clinically observed cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between oral and brain health is not well understood. We tested the hypothesis that poor oral health is associated with worse neuroimaging brain health profiles in middle-aged persons without stroke or dementia. We performed a 2-stage cross-sectional neuroimaging study using UK Biobank data. First, we tested for association between self-reported poor oral health and MRI neuroimaging markers of brain health. Second, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to test for association between genetically determined poor oral health and the same neuroimaging markers. Poor oral health was defined as the presence of dentures or loose teeth. As instruments for the MR analysis, we used 116 independent DNA sequence variants linked to increased composite risk of dentures or teeth that are decayed, missing, or filled. Neuroimaging markers of brain health included white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and aggregate measures of fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), 2 metrics indicative of white matter tract disintegrity obtained through diffusion tensor imaging across 48 brain regions. We included 40,175 persons (mean age 55 years, female sex 53%) enrolled from 2006 to 2010, who underwent a dedicated research brain MRI between 2014 and 2016. Among participants, 5,470 (14%) had poor oral health. Poor oral health was associated with a 9% increase in WMH volume (β = 0.09, SD = 0.014, p < 0.001), 10% change in aggregate FA score (β = 0.10, SD = 0.013, p < 0.001), and 5% change in aggregate MD score (β = 0.05, SD = 0.013, p < 0.001). Genetically determined poor oral health was associated with a 30% increase in WMH volume (β = 0.30, SD = 0.06, p < 0.001), 43% change in aggregate FA score (β = 0.43, SD = 0.06, p < 0.001), and 10% change in aggregate MD score (β = 0.10, SD = 0.03, p < 0.01). Among middle age Britons without stroke or dementia, poor oral health was associated with worse neuroimaging brain health profiles. Genetic analyses confirmed these associations, supporting a potentially causal association. Because the neuroimaging markers evaluated in this study precede and are established risk factors of stroke and dementia, our results suggest that oral health, an easily modifiable process, may be a promising target for very early interventions focused on improving brain health.

Multicultural personality profiles and nursing student attitudes towards refugee healthcare workers: A national, multi-institutional cross-sectional study

BackgroundMulticultural organizations in the era of globalization require intercultural leadership skills. Healthcare, as a sector serving diverse populations, necessitates culturally sensitive staff. Intercultural nurse education should start in undergraduate education. A tailored approach is needed, especially in the context of Poland's refugee crisis. ObjectiveTo investigate how a multicultural personality profile and specific intercultural perspectives affect the attitudes of nursing students towards Ukrainian refugee background healthcare professionals. DesignA nationwide cross-sectional multicentre online survey study was conducted. The questionnaire was distributed with the aid of the Lime Survey web platform. MethodsThe study utilized a Polish version of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire. The questionnaire also included demographics and questions assessing intercultural competence and attitudes towards refugee medical professionals. K-Means Cluster Analysis was used to classify different patterns of multicultural personality. P-value <0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant. ParticipantsThe study sample consisted of 1325 undergraduate nursing students from 39 nursing schools in Poland: 54.0% in first year, 28.7% in second year, and 17.3% in third year. Most respondents were female (N = 1229, 90%). ResultsUsing cluster analysis respondents were categorized into four groups based on their level of three analyzed multicultural personality traits: cultural empathy, social initiative, and open-mindedness (high, low, average or mixed level). Statistical analysis demonstrated that personality profiles significantly affected nursing students' attitudes towards refugee health professionals (p = 0.003). Additionally, students' willingness to engage in intercultural communication classes and their belief in the learnability of intercultural competence also impacted their attitudes (p < 0.001 for both). Further analysis revealed correlations between personality profiles, belief in competency acquisition, and willingness to enhance competencies. ConclusionThe design of intercultural competence education for undergraduate nursing students should be preceded by a mapping of the students' personality profile and a needs analysis in this regard, which may contribute to long-term effectiveness of such initiatives.

Boosting entrepreneurial competences beyond business and management–related disciplines. The case of engineering programs

PurposeThis study addresses the challenge of integrating entrepreneurial competences development into the traditionally structured engineering curriculum, recognizing its potential contribution to job creation. Specifically, this study proposes a course design that intersects project management and entrepreneurial disciplines, adopting a challenge-based learning approach.Design/methodology/approachConsidering a list of common features that entrepreneurs and engineers—in the role of project managers—should excel at, and building upon the principles of experiential learning, this study proposes and describes a course design that is expected to help engineering students develop entrepreneurial competences. Through a series of assessment instruments and descriptive statistics, the study evaluates its implementation in a pilot test applied in a Project Management course at a Spanish university.FindingsThe results demonstrate a significant improvement in students' entrepreneurial competences after completing the course. Noteworthy variations in receptiveness to skill development among different personality profiles are observed. Gender differences are minimal, with the exception of women exhibiting heightened self-perception in the autonomy dimension.Originality/valueThis study explores the common features shared by two often-disconnected disciplines, namely engineering and entrepreneurship. It suggests that integrating both perspectives through a challenge-based course design can enhance entrepreneurial competences among engineering students without compromising the specific knowledge gained from engineering programs. Engaging students in such pedagogical experiences not only fosters entrepreneurial competences but also contributes to their professional and personal growth.

Integration of Cell-Free DNA End Motifs and Fragment Lengths Can Identify Active Genes in Liquid Biopsies.

Multiple studies have shown that cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from cancer patients differ in both fragment length and fragment end motif (FEM) from healthy individuals, yet there is a lack of understanding of how the two factors combined are associated with cancer and gene transcription. In this study, we conducted cfDNA fragmentomics evaluations using plasma from lung cancer patients (n = 12) and healthy individuals (n = 7). A personal gene expression profile was established from plasma using H3K36me3 cell-free chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (cfChIP-seq). The genes with the highest expression displayed an enrichment of short cfDNA fragments (median = 19.99%, IQR: 16.94-27.13%, p < 0.0001) compared to the genes with low expression. Furthermore, distinct GC-rich FEMs were enriched after cfChIP. Combining the frequency of short cfDNA fragments with the presence of distinct FEMs resulted in an even further enrichment of the most expressed genes (median = 37.85%, IQR: 30.10-39.49%, p < 0.0001). An in vitro size selection of <150 bp cfDNA could isolate cfDNA representing active genes and the size-selection enrichment correlated with the cfChIP-seq enrichment (Spearman r range: 0.499-0.882, p < 0.0001). This study expands the knowledge regarding cfDNA fragmentomics and sheds new light on how gene activity is associated with both cfDNA fragment lengths and distinct FEMs.

Using temperament and character dimensions (TCI) to analyze the personality profiles of adults and older adults with cancer managed in outpatient settings.

This study aimed to investigate profiles of personality evaluated by temperament and character dimensions (TCI) in 638 adult and older adult patients (CP) who had recently been diagnosed with breast, colon, lung, and other kinds of cancer (female and male subjects were assessed). Tests: Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Statistical analysis: cluster K-means analysis for personality traits. Two different personality profiles emerged: "Low self-determination and pessimism" (Profile 1) and "Self-determination and self-caring (medium)" (Profile 2). The following significant differences were observed in the TCI dimensions between the two profiles: Temperament-Novelty-Seeking (NS) (p < 0.001); Harm-Avoidance (HA) (p < 0.001); Reward-Dependence (RD) (p < 0.001); Persistence (PS) (p < 0.001); Character-Self-Directness (SD) (p < 0.001); Cooperativeness (C) (p > 0.001); Self-Transcendence (ST) (p < 0.001). No differences in the two profiles were found between adult and elderly patients. Profile 1 - "Low self-determination and pessimism": Patients with this profile present low resistance to frustration, poor search for novelty and solutions (NS), anxiety and pessimism (medium HA), high social attachment and dependence on the approval of others (medium-high RD), and low self-determination (PS) as temperament dimensions; and medium-low self-direction, low autonomy and ability to adapt (SD-medium-low), medium cooperativeness (C), and low self-transcendence (ST) as character dimensions. Profile 2 - "Self-determination and self-caring (medium)": Patients with this profile have resistance to frustration, ability to search for novelty and solutions (medium-NS), low anxiety and pessimism (HA), low social attachment and dependence on approval (medium-low-RD), and determination (medium-high PS) as dimensions of temperament; and autonomy and capacity for adaptation and self-direction (SD), capacity for cooperation (high-CO), and self-transcendence (medium-high-ST) as character dimensions. Personality screening allows a better understanding of the difficulties of the individual patient and the planning of targeted psychotherapeutic interventions that promote quality of life and good adaptation to the disease course.

Outcome of combined trabeculectomy with cataract surgery in patients on prostaglandin analogs and aqueous suppressants.

To compare the effect of prostaglandin analogs (PGA) against other glaucoma medications (non-PGA) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) outcomes of combined trabeculectomy with phacoemulsification, and the conjunctival cell profile in persons with primary open-angle (POAG) and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXFG). A prospective cohort study was conducted among 116 patients with POAG or PXFG on glaucoma medications for a minimum of 3 months undergoing glaucoma triple procedure. Patients were divided into two groups (PGA and non-PGA) based on preoperative exposure to PGA. IOP outcomes were assessed for up to 2 years. Conjunctival biopsy specimens were obtained at the time of surgery, and histopathological analysis was performed. Forty-two patients were in the PGA group, 67 were in the non-PGA group, and seven were lost to follow-up. The non-PGA group had lesser mean postoperative IOP and needed fewer postoperative medications compared to the PGA group in all visits up to 2 years. The non-PGA group had better complete success rate (50.7% vs. 14.3%, P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival estimates showed a significant difference in cumulative complete success rate between non-PGA (67%) and PGA (26%) by 24 months ( P < 0.001). The Cox proportional model showed the type of drug to be significantly associated with surgical failure. Histopathological analysis revealed that the PGA group had higher numbers for each type of inflammatory cell (except mast cells) compared to the non-PGA group. Patients on PGA are likely to have a higher postoperative IOP and may need more medications for IOP control after a glaucoma triple procedure.

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF PSYCHOSIS AND PERSONALITY PROFILE IN PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH ALCOHOL USE DISORDER

Objectives: The objectives of the study are (1) to study personality profile in patients diagnosed with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and (2) to study incidence of psychosis in patients with AUD. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the department of psychiatry of a tertiary care medical college. 70 patients presenting with a history of alcohol intake underwent diagnosis according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria for AUD were enrolled in the study on the basis of pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Post a 2-week detoxification period, psychiatric symptoms encompassing depression, anxiety, hallucinations, and unusual behavior were assessed using the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), while personality profiles were evaluated with the NEO Personality Inventory-3. Alcohol dependence levels were measured using the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire. Results: There were 60 (85.71%) males and 10 (14.29%) females. There was a significant male preponderance in studied cases with M:F ratio of 1:0.16. Highest number of patients, i.e., 63 (90%) patients were married, followed by 4 (5.71%) patients were unmarried and 3 (4.29%) patients were divorced. Among 70 studied cases, 5 (7.14%) patients were found to have some or the other degree of psychotic symptoms. There was a significant correlation between being unskilled worker and having low literacy or low income and AUD (p&lt;0.05). There was no statistically significant association between severity of AUD and education (p=0.70), occupation (p=0.94), income (p=0.84), and family history of alcohol consumption (p=0.58). Participants have mild severity shown low to average score on neuroticism, average scores on extraversion, very low to low scores on openness, high to very high scores on agreeableness, and high to very high scores on conscientiousness. Conclusion: We found a significant correlation of AUD with increasing age, male gender, early alcohol initiation, and prolonged dependence. Lower education and unskilled occupations were also linked to AUD. Personality trait analysis revealed distinct patterns based on the severity of physical dependency.

Evaluating the Effect of Outfit on Personality Perception in Virtual Characters

Designing virtual characters that are capable of reflecting a sense of personality is a key goal in research and applications in virtual reality and computer graphics. More and more research efforts are dedicated to investigating approaches to construct a diverse, equitable, and inclusive metaverse by infusing expressive personalities and styles into virtual avatars. While most previous work focused on exploring variations in virtual characters’ dynamic behaviors, characters’ visual appearance plays a crucial role in affecting their perceived personalities. This paper presents a series of experiments evaluating the effect of virtual characters’ outfits on their perceived personality. Based on the related psychology research conducted in the real world, we determined a set of outfit factors likely to reflect personality in virtual characters: color, design, and type. As a framework for our study, we used the “Big Five” personality model for evaluating personality traits. To test our hypothesis, we conducted three perceptual experiments to evaluate the outfit parameters’ contributions to the characters’ personality. In our first experiment, we studied the color factor by varying color hue, saturation, and value; in the second experiment, we evaluated the impact of different neckline, waistline, and sleeve designs; and in our third experiment, we examined the personality perception of five outfit types: professional, casual, fashionable, outdoor, and indoor. Significant results offer guidance to avatar designers on how to create virtual characters with specific personality profiles. We further conducted a verification test to extend the application of our findings to animated virtual characters in augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) settings. Results confirmed that our findings can be broadly applied to both static and animated virtual characters in VR and AR environments that are commonly used in games, entertainment, and social networking scenarios.

A formalized shared decision-making process with individualized decision aids for older patients referred for cardiac surgery.

Comprehension of risks, benefits and alternative treatment options is poor among patients referred for cardiac surgery interventions. We sought to explore the impact of a formalized shared decision-making (SDM) process on patient comprehension and decisional quality among older patients referred for cardiac surgery. We developed and evaluated a paper-based decision aid for cardiac surgery within the context of a prospective SDM design. Surgeons were trained in SDM through a Web-based program. We acted as decisional coaches, going through the decision aids with the patients and their families, and remaining available for consultation. Patients (aged ≥ 65 yr) undergoing isolated valve, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or CABG and valve surgery were eligible. Participants in the non-SDM phase followed standard care. Participants in the SDM group received a decision aid following cardiac catheterization, populated with individualized risk assessment, personal profile and comorbidity status. Both groups were assessed before surgery on comprehension, decisional conflict, decisional quality, anxiety and depression. We included 98 patients in the SDM group and 97 in the non-SDM group. Patients who received decision aids through a formalized SDM approach scored higher in comprehension (median 15.0, interquartile range [IQR] 12.0-18.0) than those who did not (median 9.0, IQR 7.0-12.0, p < 0.001). Decisional quality was greater in the SDM group (median 82.0, IQR 73.0-91.0) than in the non-SDM group (median 76.0, IQR 62.0-82.0, p < 0.05). Decisional conflict scores were lower in the SDM group (mean 1.76, standard deviation [SD] 1.14) than in the non-SDM group (mean 5.26, SD 1.02, p < 0.05). Anxiety and depression scores showed no significant difference between groups. Institution of a formalized SDM process including individualized decision aids improved comprehension of risks, benefits and alternatives to cardiac surgery, as well as decisional quality, and did not result in increased levels of anxiety.

Personality Profile, Self-Efficacy, and Teaching Performance of Junior High School Teachers

Teachers’ performance is crucial for the achievement of educational success, and as a result, numerous empirical studies have been conducted to explore various factors influencing teachers' teaching performance. However, focusing on teachers' personality and self-efficacy could be a valuable effort in identifying factors that impact their performance in pursuing educational goals. This study aimed to determine the personality profile, level of self-efficacy, and teaching performance of junior high school teachers (JHS). A descriptive research design was employed with 111 respondents who answered the questionnaires. Results showed that, when grouped and compared according to age, sex, and length of service, there was no significant difference between the personality profile and the level of self-efficacy of JHS teachers except for the Agreeableness personality trait when grouped and compared according to sex. Similarly, there is no significant difference between the level of teaching performance when grouped and compared according to age and length of service, except for the variable of sex. Conversely, using the ChiSquare Test of Independence tool, the result depicted no significant correlation between the personality profile of JHS teachers and the level of teaching performance. Also, with the utilization of the Spearman Rank Coefficient Correlation, the level of self-efficacy and the level of teaching performance have not been found to be significantly correlated.

Конфігурації особистого, публічного та професійного в персональних профілях користувачів фейсбуку: контент-аналіз

Background. Social media have become powerful platforms for self-representation and self-presentation. Researchers note that social networks blur the conventional boundaries between personal and public issues and spheres of life. Empirical analysis of personal profiles will help understand what issues (personal, public, or professional) and in what configurations users post on their social networks. The study aims to analyze the posts' meta-themes, types, and general patterns of configurations in 15 personal profiles of the Ukrainian Facebook space. Methods. Content analysis of 50 consecutive posts from 15 profiles of users of different ages, professions, and publicity was applied. Posts have been categorized by meta-themes (personal, professional, public) and types defined in the process of analysis (including dissemination of information about one's project, posts for memorable dates, diary accounting, diary reflection, meme, quote, opinion writing, etc). Results. Differences between the strategies of personal profile usage by public and non-public individuals were found. In particular, non-public users more often focus on personal topics, while public ones focus on professional ones. Popular types of posts were identified, such as diary accounting, diary reflecting, mapping of one's network, and project announcements. It was found that promoting one's own projects, journalism, and essay writing, as well as crowdfunding campaigns, are more common among public figures, while diary reflection, sharing photos, and memes are more prevalent among non-public users. Personal profiles in social networks perform a number of functions, such as being counterparts of live communication and self-presentation, spaces for opinion leadership, and involvement in collective events. Despite the proven diversity of profile management, each user demonstrates integrity and consistency in their approach. Conclusions. Unlike institutions and spaces of modernity, contemporary social networks combine different spheres of life (personal, professional, and public) in one space – in a single personal profile and even a single post. This creates both new opportunities for self-(re)presentation and challenges. Further empirical research involving qualitative methods is relevant for a deeper understanding motivation of users and their perception of the profiles.

Cognitive Constructs and Personality Profiles in Youth with Deliberate Self-Harm Behaviours: A Scoping Review

This scoping review explored the relationship between cognitive constructs and personality profiles in deliberate selfharm among youth, with the objective of proposing preventive and intervention strategies based on the findings. The review analysed the correlation between cognitive constructs and Deliberate Self-Harm behaviors in youth with diverse personality profiles. It investigated the role of cognitive distortions, emotional regulation, reasoning, and executive functioning in youth engaged in deliberate self-harm. A comprehensive search using the Scopus database yielded 72 relevant articles for analysis. The prevalence rates of deliberate self-harm among youth range from 7.5% to 46.5%, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Promising approaches include cognitive restructuring, mindfulnessbased therapies, and interventions focusing on challenging cognitive distortions to promote adaptive thinking patterns. Training interventions addressing executive functioning skills can effectively target impulsive and risky behaviors. Personality traits such as neuroticism, sensation seeking, borderline personality disorder, and perfectionism require interventions focused on emotional resilience, coping strategies, risk assessment, self-control, and impulse management

Роль правового регулирования в формировании социально-психологического профиля потребителей в условиях санкций

The subject of the study is the formation of a socio-psychological profile of consumers. The purpose of the work is to establish the role of legal regulation in creating a socio–psychological profile of consumers under sanctions. The research uses methods of modeling, comparison, formal logic, extrapolation, which allowed for a thorough analysis of scientific and legal sources of literature, to identify the features of forming a consumer profile under sanctions. The article examines the essence of the concept of "socio-psychological personality profile", identifies the factors that have the strongest influence on consumer behavior. It is determined that in Russian science, the issues of forming a socio-psychological profile of a consumer's personality are not given due attention. The main parameters necessary for the formation of a socio-psychological profile of consumers are given. The difference in the understanding of the terms "socio-psychological profile" and "socio-psychological portrait" is substantiated. The process of forming a socio-psychological profile of consumers' personality is considered in detail. It has been established that the greatest role in determining consumer behavior is played by such factors as quality, cost, availability of goods/services, financial capabilities of consumers themselves, their expectations and preferences. The measures taken by the state to support consumers and businesses in the face of sanctions are analyzed, and the foreign experience of countering sanctions is considered. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that it is necessary to ensure security in the formation of a socio-psychological profile of consumers, including respect for the confidentiality of personal data in the formation of a socio-psychological profile of Russian consumers.

Student adaptation to distance learning: An analysis of the effectiveness, benefits and risks of distance education from the perspective of university students

The research study provides an analysis of the effectiveness of distance education from the perspective of university students and contributes to the reflection of the current trend of introducing combined studies in higher education. The research was carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic, when most of the higher education was primarily shifted to distance learning. The aim was to identify factors influencing students' adaptation to this “new” learning model. The findings of the mixed (qualitative and quantitative) investigation, in which students commented on two open-ended questions focusing on the positive and negative effects of distance learning via an online survey form, were processed using content categorical analysis. The frequencies of responses by category were then evaluated using binary logistic regression based on odds ratios. Ordinal and cardinal data were assessed using both descriptive and inductive statistical analysis.The results showed that, in addition to teaching methods and content, the adaptation of the students themselves to distance education plays an important role and that there are significant differences in this adaptation among students depending on gender, type of study programme and their learning preferences. We also found that contact with teachers remains a key element of student success, and that maintaining communication with teachers is essential for setting an adequate pace of learning and for minimizing student frustration. We identified key factors of adaptation that influence student success in distance education, such as personality profile, motivation, study skills, and self-study competences. An important outcome of this study was the finding that it is necessary to specify educational contents that can be taught at a distance and those that require only face-to-face instruction. This appears to be a key prerequisite for the effective implementation of distance education in universities. The study also points to the need to evaluate the effectiveness of different teaching methods for learning in terms of their impact on student success in distance education mode. Based on the results obtained, we consider it necessary for universities to invest sufficiently not only in technical equipment and in training teachers in the use of available technologies, but also in strengthening the pedagogical and psychological competences of all teachers.

First person profile: Patrick J. Loehrer, MD: Dr Loehrer's lifelong passion for bringing high-quality oncology care to underresourced communities has taken on global dimensions.

This news section offers Cancer readers timely information on events, public policy analysis, topical issues, and personalities. In this issue, Patrick J. Loehrer, MD, has had a lifelong passion for bringing high‐quality oncology care to underresourced local and global communities. In addition, good oral health is linked to better overall survival for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and researchers have found a novel biomarker that has improved diagnostic accuracy for nasopharyngeal cancer.

A precision-mapping approach to physical exercise interventions targeting cognitive function.

Physical exercise confers numerous benefits to brain structure, function and cognition, however, considerable individual variability exists in these effects. Emerging paradigms focused on intraindividual dynamics provide novel opportunities to map and leverage individualized neural architectures underlying exercise-cognition relationships. Progress at the intersection of psychometrics, structural and functional neuroimaging, electrophysiology, and genetics can be integrated to elucidate each individual's potential for improvement, as well as the specific abilities that are most likely to benefit from exercise regimens. These personalized profiles can then guide targeted exercise programs tailored to effectively modulate the pathways identified as most promising for that individual. Such mapping-guided exercise interventions tailored to a person's neurocognitive profile allows optimizing cognitive improvements compared to results elicited by generic regimens. While still in its infancy, precision interventions represent an innovative future direction to advance exercise in support of brain health, toward potent, truly personalized cognitive enhancement.