Personal Names Research Articles

Types of Intratextual Glosses in the Charter of Military, Cannon and Other Matters Relating to Military Science

Purpose. The aim of the article is to describe intratextual glosses in the Charter of Military, Cannon and Other Matters Relating to Military Science, the reasons for and ways of introducing them into the text.Results. Three sources of gloss were identified: the author of Kriegsbuch L. Fronsperger, the translators (A. Radishevsky, M. Yuryev and I. Fomin) and the publishers of the text. The glosses in the German text were formed using the conjunctions oder (in the Russian translation it corresponds to the conjunctions syrech and ili), das ist (in the Russian syrech and to yest’) and mainly served to explain the borrowed vocabulary from the Latin, in isolated cases from the Italian and the Greek. The publishers' glosses are a few bracketed inclusions, inside which an explanation is given for some obsolete nominations or variants of words. Approximately 50 glosses entered by translators explain spatial measurements, chemicals and materials, names of persons by occupation or duties, military affairs. Syntactically, they are more often formed using the conjunctions syrech and to yest’, rarely the conjunction ili.Conclusion. Fronsperger’s rare glosses were oriented to the German reader of the second half of the 16th century, who was well acquainted with military and scientific terminology, numerous translators' glosses – to the Russian reader of the early 17th century, who was not familiar with European scientific texts of the New Age, publishers' glosses – to the reader of the second half of the 18th century, who no longer knew some Russian words of the 17th century.

Lapscheure, etymologisch verscheurd. Een overzicht van de opvattingen, nieuwe gegevens en een voorstel tot verzoenende oplossing

The etymology of the West Flemish place name Lapscheure remains uncertain and contentious. The dispute involves both elements of the name. Gysseling (1960) interprets the second part, -scheure, as the local phonetic form of 'schuur' (barn), while Mansion (1935) and Tavernier-Vereecken (1954, 1968) suggest it means 'schoor/schor/schorre' (shore/marsh). The oldest records, such as "lappescura" (1019-30), use <u>, with later records showing <eu/ue>, indicating a Middle West Flemish pronunciation of [ø]. Tavernier-Vereecken's attempt to categorize 'schoor/schorre' within a group of ingvaeonisms (like veugel, weunen, bleuzen) lacks support in contemporary West Flemish. Conversely, unambiguous 'schuur' place names, such as the French-Flemish Ruischeure (Fr. Renescure) and Buisscheure (Fr. Buysscheure), suggest a more straightforward interpretation of 'schuur'. Mansion and Tavernier-Vereecken propose that Lapscheure derives from a personal name, such as Lappa or Lappo. Initially, Gysseling, however, considered the name could mean a repaired barn, later suggesting an Indo-European root *lap (‘bright, beautiful’), which gained little traction. The notion of a repaired barn appeared earlier in Tanghe's 1857 "Beschryving van Lapscheure". The noun lap (‘patch’) dates back to the 10th-century Old Dutch Wachtendonk Psalms and exists in all Germanic languages except Gothic. The verb lappen (‘to mend’) first appeared in 1285 (Dordrecht), possibly originating as a Northwest Germanic/Ingvaeonic term. However, naming a prominent barn this way is doubtful, whereas a personal name remains more plausible. The earliest form, with the expressive geminate -pp-, suggests Lappo as a diminutive of the frequent medieval name Landberht/Landbrecht, evolving through forms like Landbo, Lambo, Lampo, and Lampe to Lappe. This analysis aligns with similar transformations seen in medieval names, as discussed by Debrabandere (1980).

INTEGRATION OF NAMES INTO TEXT IN LÁSZLÓ VÉGEL’S NOVEL TRILOGY

The study examines literary naming, the use of geographical and personal names , and their characteristic vehemency in László Végel’s three-volume series of novels (Neoplanta, avagy az Ígéret Földje (Neoplanta, or the Promise Land), Bűnhődés (Atonement) and Balkáni szépség, avagy Slemil fattyúja (Balkan Beauty or the Bastard of Slemil)). In his urban novel and its sequences, Végel places the action in a multi-ethnic, multi-confessional city, and tells its story from the perspective of the people living there, through their life stories. With the onomastic corpus of the texts, he creates the socio-national background, points out the connection between politics and naming, and the problem of the relationship between identity and personal name. The set of names of the novels originate from a network of real and fictitious names: the streets and institution names to be found at the novel’s scene that have changed throughout history several times, as well as the place- and era-creating character of the real names of historical figures embedded into the text, denotative and connotative meanings attached to the fictitious names (personal, interlocutor and metaphorical names), associations, intertextual aspects provide the opportunity for a new interpretation of the novel.

SOCIOONOMASTIC-SOCIOPRAGMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE PLACE-NAME DATABASE OF FRIGYES PESTY IN NÓGRÁD COUNTY

One of the aims of the Hungarian National Toponym Registry Program is to publish the toponyms of Frigyes Pesty’s database. In the programme, I undertook to describe the corpus of the place-name corpus of Nógrád County. In my study, I present a socioonomastic-sociopragmatic analysis of the Nógrád County material of Frigyes Pesty’s place-name database. This database is an extremely valuable collection from the point of view of onomastics, language history, ethnography, local history, historical geography, etc. It contains a corpus of synchronic place names collected in a relatively short period, which has since become a body of names of historical value. While describing the settlements of Nógrád County, I came across numerous entries of villages whose texts are perfectly suitable for socioonomastic-sociopragmatic studies. My research is therefore socioonomastic: I aim to present the linguistic interference phenomena and the characteristics of the name contactology of the Hungarian and Slovak ethnic groups living together in Nógrád county. As a result of the Hungarian–Slovak bilingual environment and the linguistic interaction, contact phenomena appear in the material of geographical names and personal names. In the boundary descriptions of a municipality, Hungarian and Slovak names of areas fluctuate, and names often appear in both languages. In addition to socioonomastic studies, the material of the place-name directory is also suitable for sociopragmatic studies: there are numerous data on the naming, designation, and addressing of women, so I also deal with this topic in the study.

A tulajdonnevek műfajépítő szerepe a Sorsod Borsod című regionális krimiben

The paper aims to show the role of proper names in defining the novel Sorsod Borsod [‘Borsod is Your Fate’] as a regional crime novel. A further objective is to demonstrate how proper names are used to connect the text of this literary work to the elements of reality and to examine the role played by the reader’s competence in naming practices when distinguishing between fictional and real-life names. The paper provides a brief overview of the source text, outlining the genre-specific characteristics of regional crime fiction. It presents the framework in which the proper names of the novel are analysed. Then, it examines the relationship between the fictional names and the genre-specific characteristics of the novel (representations of topographical features, stereotypes, local spaces and persons). The comprehensive analysis of names encompasses place names, institutional names, personal names, animal names, and other types of names of the region depicted in this crime fiction. The paper examines the presence of ethno-stereotypes in personal names and suggests that proper names may serve as regional labels. The analysis concludes that the novel is dominated by fictional place names that link the textual world to the real world. Moreover, a significant proportion of the surnames in the novel are fictional names reflecting the settlement names of the real-world region. The author has clearly made an effort to follow real-world name patterns in all types of names. The paper states that proper names in this work play an important role in building up the genre of the regional crime novel, as they contribute to the representation of regional particularities rather than to the plot, period or characterisation in the novel.

Usage Sphere and Lexico-Stylistic Features of Anthroponomastics

The article elaborates usage sphere and lexico-stylistic features of anthroponomastics. When the person names combine with toponyms, there appears a new term called “anthroponomastics”. The article revealed that anthroponomastics mainly cover the names of villages, settlements, cities, streets or avenues, restaurants or cafes, markets or shops public buildings such as schools, universities, colleges, stations, museums, metro stations, hospitals, mosques, churches, etc. Public buildings are usually named after historical figures, poets, writers, musicians, academicians or scholars, presidents while shops or markets, cafes or restaurants are named after ordinary people depending on the willing and desire of citizens. The study underlines that there is a minute distinction between anthroponomastics and personification. In personification, human character and quality are transferred onto an inanimate object while only name is transferred onto place names in anthroponomastics. Besides, novel terms such as zooponomastics, vegeponomastics, aviaponomastics have also been compared with anthroponomastics in the article.

Frequency Conditions in the Description of Historical Phonological Dialectal Differences

Abstract The primary and direct source material for describing phonological dialectal differences is represented by linguistic data found in charters. The source value of the data in particular charters for historical linguistics, however, may vary greatly. This is especially true for the earliest attested era, the early Old Hungarian period, which lasted from 895 to 1350. My study deals with the usability of linguistic records of the early Old Hungarian period. In this period the data found in charters are mainly proper names: place names and personal names, accordingly my examples are also of this category.

Exploring the Capabilities of ChatGPT in Ancient Chinese Translation and Person Name Recognition

Abstract This study examines the potential of ChatGPT, notable for its skill in standard modern languages, in the context of ancient Chinese. We focus on two fundamental tasks: translating ancient Chinese into modern Chinese and identifying ancient Chinese names. We conduct experiments on Shi Shuo Xin Yu, which is a collection of anecdotes, short conversations, and pithy observations on personalities who lived in China between about 150 and 420 A.D. We also include other methods, like Baidu Yiyan (ERNIE-Bot) for ancient-to-modern translation, and SIKU-RoBERTa for ancient Chinese name recognition. The results reveal that ChatGPT’s performance in ancient Chinese remains in need of enhancement, but it excels in the task of ancient-to-modern translation with the provision of a few context sentences. For the ancient Chinese name recognition, ChatGPT can outperform SIKU-RoBERTa model in terms of precision, but suffers from low recall.

Madrid’s linguistic landscape: languages and cultural allusions in the Vista Alegre neighbourhood

ABSTRACT The linguistic landscape of Vista Alegre, a multicultural migrant neighbourhood in Madrid, was analysed to explore the interplay between language use, public spaces, and societal dynamics. By examining 137 non-official signs geolocated in linguistic cartography, the study aimed to identify the languages employed and the strategies of certain communities to make themselves visible. Spanish emerged as the predominant language, followed by English, while Chinese, Romanian, Arabic, and Italian collectively accounted for less than 10% of the sample, indicating a broad linguistic diversity not directly correlated with the resident population's linguistic composition. Regarding strategies, nearly half of the signs displayed semiotic strategies such as personal and family names, geographic references, and flags. Notably, nationalities such as Chinese and Romanian do not leverage the linguistic landscape for identity expression, in contrast to Honduran, Colombian, Ecuadorian, and Venezuelan communities, which use it to render themselves visible. The term ‘Latino’ is prominently presented to foster a collective identity among various nationalities. This linguistic landscape analysis underscores that in the ethnolinguistic vitality of Vista Alegre, national visibility is made apparent through the choice of language along with cultural and geographical references that will help negotiate identities.

Cherchez la femme: Ancient Israelite Women’s Religion in Light of their Personal Names

In order to add new insights to recent research on women’s religion in ancient Israel, we investigated women’s names that appear in two categories of evidence: names on excavated Iron Age II epigraphic artifacts and names mentioned in First Temple narratives in the Bible. The two groups of names were quantitatively analyzed according to their theophoric content, chronology, and political affiliation. We found only five women’s names on the epigraphic artifacts, all on seals or seal impressions from Jerusalem, reflecting the limited participation of women in the official public sphere. The 40 names of women mentioned in the Bible reveal that while most women’s names do not have a specific form to distinguish them from men’s names, as a group they are different: non-theophoric or non-hypocoristic-theophoric names dominate women’s names, while theophoric, mainly Yahwistic names dominate men’s names. In addition, the prevalence of non-theophoric or non-hypocoristic-theophoric women’s names increases throughout the First Temple period, while among men, the frequency of such names decreases, and the frequency of theophoric, Yahwistic names increases. These results may be interpreted as indicating that while men mostly participated in the cult of the Israelite national god, YHWH, women performed ritual activities related mainly to gods other than YHWH.

This Is the Sacrifice: Language, Ideology and Religious Identity Performance in Erei Personal Names

This paper examines personal names derived from traditional religious beliefs and practices among the Erei people in Biase Local Government Area of Cross River State in South-South, Nigeria while utilising insights from the multidisciplinary inferences of socio-onomastic theory to account for the cultural, social and situational contexts that create the religious content of the names. Data were obtained by means of participant observation and semi-structured interviews during six months of fieldwork involving 40 participants who were the name-givers, name-bearers and name-users. Our findings highlight the socio-onomastic tradition of Erei people in which personal names are bestowed through a conscious application of symbolic linguistic resources to express and perform ideologies and identities that are rooted in the traditional religion’s foundations and sociocultural practices that represent Erei people’s indigenous beliefs system and spiritual worldview. Focused on the ideals of African traditional religion, religious identities are constructed through the use of personal names related to idol worship, the mysteries of death, reincarnation and commemoration, cultural festivals and performances, symbolic objects, familial rankings and other aspects derived from their environment that also bear traditional religious significance. And because this set of personal names is now predominant among the ageing population and is losing contemporaneity due to an increasing subpopulation with a new (Christian) beliefs system, this study serves to preserve a transiting and endangered Erei socio-onomastic practice that represents the people’s traditional cosmology.

THE MYTH OF ‘ABŪ LAHAB’ IN Q.S. AL-MASAD [111]: 1

The Qur’anic story of “Abū Lahab” is often misunderstood by some who assume that the story is factual-exclusive. This article is designed to examine how the concept of Abū Lahab is understood in Qur’anic terms, and how it is embodied in today’s context. This research uses a library research method with a descriptive-analytical pattern, through Roland Barthes’ semiotic approach as a theoretical basis. Barthes argues that the language system can be understood through two steps of semiotic reading, the first is what he calls the linguistic system (language-object), and the second is the mythical system (metalanguage). To arrive at the mythical system, it is necessary to extract meaning through the signifier system, which consists of three elements: the signifier element, the signified element, and the sign element in the second layer of the semiotic system. Through Roland Barthes’ semiotic reading, the concept of Abū Lahab that is understood to be exclusively addressed to ‘Abd al-‘Uzzā is a myth. Abū Lahab is not a personal name, but a general and universal title. ‘Abd al-‘Uzzā is only one historical representation of the figure of Abū Lahab. From Barthes’ semiotics, Abū Lahab is more accurately understood as ‘anyone who opposes the truth and is intolerant (radical) towards other groups, not hesitating to carry out offensive resistance to them if it is not in line with their personal or group ideology or political interests’. Thus, in the modern context, anyone can potentially become “Abū Lahab” as the khiṭab of Q.S. Al-Masad if they share these characteristics.

THE TOPONYMY OF THE VILLAGE OF PADESH, BLAGOEVGRAD AREA – SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATION AND STRUCTURAL SPECIFICS

The present text describes the toponymy of the village of Padesh, Blagoevgrad area. It represents a semantic classification of the place names and observes their structural specifics. The text also mentions some word-formation and morphological peculiarities. More than 210 microtoponyms and oykonyms are classified in three main groups. The first group analyses toponyms derived from geographical characteristics or from some other specifics of the place. The group contains 98 names and the analysis shows that 47 of them include geographical terms. The second group observes toponyms reflected by cultural history of Padesh - names related to the village agriculture and forestry, religious concepts and settlement structure. The most of the toponyms are classified as a possessives in the third group. The least of them are formed by а personal name, а nickname or by an adjective. The other ones are names for ownership, derived by proper names and some specific suffixes such as -ица and -ец. The most of the toponyms in that group come from resident/ family names or have as a constituent a possessive adjective. All the names are analyzed as simple toponyms, complex toponyms and compounds. The text finds that the toponymy of the village of Padesh contains mostly simple place names, less often the toponyms formed by an adjective and a noun and just two of the place names are compounds.

Þorsteinn och Sigurðr: En undersökning av norskt och isländskt personnamnskick i islänningatåtarna

This article explores the personal names given to Icelandic and Norwegian individuals in 23 of the Old Norse literary íslendingaþættir. The aim is to establish if differences, novations and relics in personal names are visible in literary sources. The findings of the analysis of the personal names in the íslendingaþættir are supplemented with results of previous research and non-literary sources. The personal names of Icelandic and Norwegian individuals found in 23 íslendingaþættir exhibit, despite the limited source material, noticeable differences.

Fri rørsle for namn?

Combining autoethnographic methods with close observation of the use of personal names in identity documents, this article considers affective dimensions of personal names. Focusing especially on psychological aspects behind a decision made by the author at a young age to change his first name, the article suggests that Carl Rogers’ concept of conditions of worth offers insights into personal naming practices, while the notion of incongruence provides a useful framework for understanding some typical reasons for changing a name. The author proposes onomastic dysphoria as a term to encapsulate the extreme mismatch that an individual may experience between their own name and their self-concept. Analysing the bureaucratic implications of the name change and a subsequent naturalisation application, the article makes a case for free movement of names at an international level.

Naming Jesus in Matthew 28

The Easter narrative of Matthew 28, unlike those of Luke 24 and John 20 and 21, does not refer to the Risen One as ‘Lord’. Unlike Luke 24, it does not call him ‘Son of Man’. While once naming him as Son (in a baptismal formula), Matthew 28 five times calls him ‘Jesus’. This is the personal name which the evangelist explained in his opening chapter, the name which held together the teaching, healing, and other activity of Jesus’ ministry, and which unified the final Easter chapter. Up to Chapter 27, Matthew has cited the Scriptures to illuminate the ministry of Jesus. Now the Scriptures fall silent; the risen Jesus speaks for himself, the divine Emmanuel (Matt 1:23) who accompanies the Church on her universal mission. He will be ‘with’ his community until the end of history (Matt 28:20).

Neural correlates of thought–action fusion and their associations with rumination in patients with major depressive disorder

Thought-action fusion (TAF) is the metacognitive belief that the power of thoughts can have real-life consequences, often inducing unpleasant inner experiences and recruiting coping strategies such as rumination. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the neural correlates of TAF and their associations with rumination in depression. A total of 37 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and 37 healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging with a TAF induction task and psychological assessments. In the TAF induction task, participants were asked to read the name of a close person (CP) or neutral person (NP) in association with negative (Neg) TAF and neutral (Neu) control statements. In this study, our TAF induction task activated brain regions, including the salient and default-mode networks, in the MDD and HC groups. However, along with higher likelihood TAF and rumination, behavioral data showed less negative feelings and longer reaction times under the NegCP condition in the MDD group compared with the HC group. Furthermore, in the MDD group, significantly higher activation in the bilateral caudate nuclei, left inferior frontal gyrus/anterior insula, putamen, and inferior parietal lobule under the NegCP condition was positively correlated with TAF and reflection. These findings suggest that during the TAF task, patients with MDD may activate different brain areas associated with the maintenance of high stimulus saliency and habit formation, which are important neural correlates linking TAF and rumination in depression.

Age and Gender-based Sociolinguistic Differences in Naming Patterns among Bedouin Communities in Jordan

Objectives: This study aimed to examine and reveal the sociolinguistic implications of personal male names used in the Jordanian Bedouin community as incarnated in the Bani Saker tribe. The study also aimed to trace the changes that occurred to naming patterns in three successive generations: sons, fathers and grandfathers. Male-naming of Jordan represented by the Bani Sakhar tribe. It aims at revealing the sociolinguistic implications of the names and differences in naming patterns throughout three successive generations (sons, fathers, and grandfathers). Based on a previous study conducted by the researcher on female names, this study also attempts to highlight the gender- specific differences in naming among this community. Method: The researcher carried out an in-depth analysis of 300 full names of school male students obtained from 20 male schools affiliated with Al- Muwaqqar Directorate of Education. This sample was selected by drawing 15 names from each school. Then, the names were divided into 3 categories (sons, fathers, and grandfathers) and grouped into several classifications according to their sociolinguistic implications. Results: The study results showed that the names given to males through the three generations underwent some changes on the level of their sociolinguistic implications as well the level of the motive behind their selection of names. It also showed that naming in each generation had different backgrounds; that naming among this tribe has experienced some shift away from traditional Bedouin names in favor of modern names. For example, 34.7% of the grandfathers' names constituted Bedouin-exclusive names compared to 9.6% and only 2% of the fathers and sons’ names, respectively. As for the gender specific differences, results revealed some commonalities regarding certain aspects as well as significant differences in other aspects. The Bedouin exclusive names, for example, accounted for 69% of the grandmothers’ names compared to 34.6% of the grandfathers’ category. Conclusions: The study highlights the strong affinity between the lifestyle change of Bedouin communities and the naming patterns in those communities. It also suggests that gender plays a considerable role in naming conventions.

Englishism in the Renditions of Hausa Personal Names in the Cyberspace: Emerging Evidence from Facebook

Englishism in the Renditions of Hausa Personal Names in the Cyberspace: Emerging Evidence from Facebook

Античные топонимы Киликийской равнины греко-латинского происхождения

The ancient toponymy of the Cilician Plain (Asia Minor) has a heterogeneous character, a significant part of the geographical names are of substrate origin, which reflects the rich ethnopolitical history of this region. During the Hellenistic era many Greek place names were replaced. The second wave of renaming began after the Roman conquest of Cilicia. Geographical names of ancient Greek and Latin origin were selected and analyzed among the toponyms of the Cilician Plains for morphological structure and lexico-semantic features. Much attention is paid to the problems of etymologization of toponyms, the definition of the basic principles of naming geographical objects and the patterns of renaming. The classification of Cilician toponyms according to chronology is proposed, which identifies the word-formation models of toponyms peculiar to each epoch: appellatives, substantive adjectives, derivatives of personal names, two-part toponyms (compounds and juxtaposed compounds).