Personal Moral Responsibility Research Articles

«Сказание о Мамаевом побоище»: религиозные символы в структуре исторического описания

Sources on the history of the Battle of Kulikovo have been studied in detail in Russian historiography. Much attention in the literature was paid to “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamaev.” Soviet-era scientists made significant contributions to his research. However, in the works of the 50-80s. XX century, dedicated to this work, the worldview of the medieval author was sometimes interpreted in a modern political science key. Turning to the analysis of the content of the historical source, the authors identified “religious and moralizing maxims” in its structure, which were qualified as a “form of political thought”, a manifestation of a political tendency. It was argued that the text expressed the “interests of the working masses” and served the cause of progress. D.S. Likhachev wrote about the need to study the worldview embodied in the source. A.M. Panchenko emphasized the influence of the “everyday” (worldview) layer, as the foundation that determined behavioral structures, moral prohibitions, on the event layer. The influence of the “everyday” layer on the “event” layer was also reflected in “The Tale of the Massacre of Mamayev,” but this relationship was not studied. Let us consider, based on the Cyprian edition of the work, comparing it with other editions, religious epistemes that reveal the medieval understanding of the meaning of the battle, as the ideal motive of the participants in the Battle of Kulikovo, which influenced its outcome. The author of the Cyprian edition of the “Tale” narrated the battle in the context of the worldview and literary etiquette of his time: faith, sacred actions, moral assessments, ideas about what should be. According to his views, the preparation and course of the Battle of Kulikovo took place within the framework of the providential area and internally motivated human actions. The creator of the “Tale” emphasized the religious “mechanism” of preparation for battle and combined the spiritual mood of the warriors with real military operations. He connected the events of the current day with the facts of sacred history, interpreted them in the spirit of sacred reality, perceived and described the victory in the battle as a “miracle” that happened in an atmosphere of religious faith. The idea of the importance of faith as a value for which the battle was fought was carried out in all editions of the monument. This was evidenced by Dmitry Ivanovich’s calls to the soldiers. This idea was professed by Metropolitan Cyprian. Religious symbols in the text of the “Tale” revealed the subjective logic of man, the meaning of personal moral responsibility on the path to victory. In life and in work, they performed the role of psychological and methodological attitudes appropriate to the time.

Artificial intelligence in clinical decision-making: Rethinking personal moral responsibility.

Artificially intelligent systems (AISs) are being created by software developing companies (SDCs) to influence clinical decision-making. Historically, clinicians have led healthcare decision-making, and the introduction of AISs makes SDCs novel actors in the clinical decision-making space. Although these AISs are intended to influence a clinician's decision-making, SDCs have been clear that clinicians are in fact the final decision-makers in clinical care, and that AISs can only inform their decisions. As such, the default position is that clinicians should hold responsibility for the outcomes of the use of AISs. This is not the case when an AIS has influenced a clinician's judgement and their subsequent decision. In this paper, we argue that this is an imbalanced and unjust position, and that careful thought needs to go into how personal moral responsibility for the use of AISs in clinical decision-making should be attributed. This paper employs and examines the difference between prospective and retrospective responsibility and considers foreseeability as key in determining how personal moral responsibility can be justly attributed. This leads us to the view that moral responsibility for the outcomes of using AISs in healthcare ought to be shared by the clinical users and SDCs.

Free will, moral responsibility and automatisms

Abstract Some determinist approaches to free will opine that the human brain is subordinate to physical laws not fully under our control. This results in a weakening of the concept of the personal autonomy and moral responsibility of humans. Were we to acknowledge this assumption, we might consider automatic machines unable to influence the thoughts and intentions from which our actions take root. The key issue lies in the fact that an individual does not consciously engage in particular actions (automatisms), which challenges the concept of free will in an individual’s complex behaviour. Despite this issue, not all automatisms that lack conscious will can be viewed as lacking free will. The paper examines whether classical philosophical concepts may weaken the strict determinist approach, which seeks to deny that individuals have free will due to the existence of automatic actions.

Философияның медицина студенттерінің рухани ізденісін дамытудағы маңыздылығы

The main factors in the upbringing of a personality are education and educative work in the family and educational institutions, therefore, the correct organization of its processes in the formation of spirituality is of particular importance. When improving the special training of medical scientists, it is very important to radically change their humanitarian training, especially in all possible consequences of the results of research and practical activities, to increase in their minds the philosophical culture of thinking and personal moral responsibility. It is necessary to determine the significance of the science of philosophy for modern students – for future doctors studying modern medical sciences. In the presented work, we tried to prove the importance and significance of philosophical science for future doctors, since philosophy provides broad universal knowledge about the sociocultural reality surrounding us, helps a person to understand his place and role in the world. This article is written in order to determine the purpose, significance, impact and knowledge of the subject of philosophy for medical students. In the course of the definition, the experiments and studies carried out, the topics and works carried out in the subject of philosophy, as well as the thoughts of students related to a particular topic are shown. In general, in the course of writing the article, we tried to get answers to the questions of what role the subject of philosophy plays for medical students, whether it has its advantages in everyday personal and professional life, whether it has its pros and cons. The scientific and pedagogical foundations for the formation of the spirituality of the younger generation are the core of our research.

Stress-inducing Objects like Jack-in-the-box: Adults’ behavior and their reactions to Сhildren’s and other Adults’ reactions

We consider a special class of cultural objects like Jack-in-the-Box. They are scary for many children. Screamers from horror movies and computer video games are phenomena of the same type. We analyze Internet videos in which adults organize children’s encounters with Jack-in-the-Boxes and comments under the videos. Some adults are upset about the children’s fear and cry, but some others enjoy it. In the comments, one can read emotional polemics between those who write that the children’s fear is funny, and Jack-in-the-Boxes do not have negative effects and those who write that it is harmful for children and shameful for the adults doing it for fun and enjoyment. From rational-and-pragmatical point of view of the evolutionary approach, objects like Jack-in-the-Box can be considered stress-inducing means of preparation for the stress of encountering novelty and unpredictability. This does not remove personal moral responsibility from those who seek enjoyment in young children’s fear and cry, and those who organize conditions for them. In the future, an analysis of Jack-in-the-Boxes among other counter-exploratory objects punishing for their exploration and curiosity aimed at them can be of interest. The stress of encountering these objects can be increased by recognition of the premeditation of the provocative situation and the disloyalty or treachery of the person creating it.

What Factors Affect Farmers' Levels of Domestic Waste Sorting Behavior? A Case Study from Shaanxi Province, China.

Waste sorting is a key element for solving the current predicament of rural waste management. In the pilot areas of China, farmers’ domestic waste sorting behavior (DWSB) varies significantly, whereas there are few studies exploring the mechanism of its formation. To fill this research gap, this study constructs a research model of the internal logic of farmers’ waste sorting levels (i.e., no sorting; sorting recyclable waste; sorting recyclable and kitchen waste; and sorting recyclable, kitchen, harmful, and other waste) by considering circumstantial constraints (social norms in external factors) and psychological behavioral antecedents (personal norms and group identity in internal factors). Based on pilot survey data from farmers in Shaanxi Province, China, the results of the ordered logit model indicate that social norms and personal norms were the most significant predictors of the level of DWSB, while group identity was found to have no significant influence. Furthermore, the results of the grouping regression analysis showed that personal norms had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between social norms and farmers’ DWSB. Therefore, a more positive social atmosphere, better education, and personal environmental moral responsibility for domestic waste sorting should be established to enhance their levels of waste sorting behavior.

The City-Sin: Collective Responsibility for the Plague in Early Modern London

Abstract: The epidemic of bubonic plague that struck London in 1603 created its own culture of collectivity. Instead of seeking to place blame on others, the writers responding to the epidemic understood the disease to be divine punishment and a call to collective moral reform. Analyzing the plague pamphlets of Thomas Dekker, William Muggins, Thomas Middleton, and a Dutch refugee residing in London, Jacob Cool, this article argues that the focus on personal moral responsibility for the plague and the need for collective reform created an unexpected culture of collectivity in early modern London.

Reader as Accomplice: Narrative Ethics in Dostoevsky and Nabokov by Spektor Alexander (review)

REVIEWS 339 What Deification in Russian Religious Thought ultimately points to, therefore, is not just the deification spectrum and narrative of late imperial Russia. It also gestures toward a decentred, open-ended contest over what is and what is not Russian Orthodox, an interpretative contest which captures historical actors, theologians, and scholars of Russian Orthodoxy, including the book’s author and this reviewer, in a hermeneutic circle to which we all belong and from which we cannot escape. Department of Religious Studies Patrick Lally Michelson Indiana University Spektor, Alexander. Reader as Accomplice: Narrative Ethics in Dostoevsky and Nabokov. Studies in Russian Literature and Theory. Northwestern University Press, Evanston, IL, 2020. xii + 243 pp. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $120.00: $39.95. Nabokov’s dislike of Dostoevskii is well-known. And yet, Nabokov’s and Dostoevskii’s ethics and metaphysics have much in common. In Reader as Accomplice: Narrative Ethics in Dostoevsky and Nabokov, Alexander Spektor makes a persuasive case that the deepest link that connects Nabokov to Dostoevskii is a shared commitment to personal freedom and moral responsibility, and that this first principle of their philosophy becomes visible when viewed through the lens of narrative ethics. But how to represent personal freedom and nurture moral responsibility in a domain where characters have no freedom (Nabokov called them ‘galley slaves’) and readers have so much of it that authors cannot count on them to respond predictably to moral guidance? If we begin at the point where Spektor’s book ends, we might conclude that freedom is illusory and moral responsibility a mirage. Inspired by the ‘dark’ materialsinBakhtin’swartimenotebooks,Spektorseesnarrativerepresentation as an instrument of power that always tilts towards violence. Though the rest of Spektor’s book is significantly less dispiriting, the compact between narrative and violence remains a theoretical given. The main trajectory of Spektor’s book shows how Dostoevskii’s and Nabokov’s aesthetics (understood as the formal inventiveness of their fictions) enacts an ethics (understood as the distribution of power). Readers’ moral sense is said to become activated when they become aware of the violence that narrative enacts upon the self and others. According to Spektor, Dostoevskii’s and Nabokov’s formal innovations are designed to overcome the tyranny and violence intrinsic to linguistic representation. Spektor’s main claim is that Bakhtin’s influential work on Dostoevskii that preceded his ‘dark’ writings from the 1940s provides us with SEER, 99, 2, APRIL 2021 340 the conceptual scaffolding for staging a non-coercive yet ethically charged encounter among the various stakeholders of fiction, which include characters, narrators, authors and — most significantly since Bakhtin did not concern himself with them — readers. The figure of the reader as ‘accomplice’ in the narrative allocation of power is the most original and important element of the book. To bring it off, Spektor offers a bracing reassessment of Bakhtin’s understanding of polyphony. Bakhtin used the term to describe what he saw as Dostoevskii’s resistance of the absolute power vested in the authorial voice. In Spektor’s reformulation of this Bakhtinian concept, Dostoevskii’s ‘dialogic imagination’ asserts itself most powerfully not in the author’s tolerance for his characters’ competing ideological positions, but in the struggle between speech and silence that he dramatizes in his fictions. Unlike discourse, which is always on the lookout to appropriate more power, silence becomes emblematic of the will’s freedom to perform moral actions. For Spektor, such self-sacrificing and compassionate acts are an integral part of Dostoevskii’s Christian faith and serve as a moral compass for his characters and readers in his post-Siberian work. By becoming aware of the coercive nature of discourse, Dostoevskii’s readers are incited to close off dialogue with the text and become moral actors in ‘real’ life (p. 42). As Spektor frequently reminds us, the analytical apparatus he establishes in his readings of ‘The Meek One’, The Idiot, The Real Life of Sebastian Knight and Bend Sinister can be fruitfully applied to other works by Dostoevskii and Nabokov. Still, it is surprising that Spektor does not apply it himself to the two texts that make complicity a central moral problematic and dramatize the perils of ‘bad’ reading with such compelling force...

The moral responsibility of governments and individuals in the context of the coronavirus pandemic.

Aim:Not only is the coronavirus pandemic about science and facts, it also raises a number of ethical questions. Some of the most important questions in this context are related to responsibility. First, what is a government’s primary responsibility? Second, how should both the government and individuals consider personal moral responsibility in this context?Method:This paper uses conceptual and normative analysis to address responsibility in the context of the pandemic. The paper also refers to reports published by the German Ethics Council, the Malaysian Bioethics Community and the Swedish National Council on Medical Ethics.Results:The primary responsibility of governments is to create a balance between individual values and rights, one hand, and the health of the population, on the other. There are good reasons to conceive of individual responsibility as a virtue, having to do with the development of crucial character traits and habits. The responsibility of governments is connected to individual responsibility through the values of trust and solidarity.Conclusions:Governments need to communicate clearly (a) how they balance conflicts between collective health and individual rights and values and (b) what the chosen strategy entails in terms of collective and individual responsibility. Success requires attention to ethical values from all involved. Individuals will need to develop new character traits to help manage this pandemic and to prevent new ones. Governments must facilitate the development of such character traits by building trust and solidarity with and among citizens.

Этико-психологические основания социоприродного взаимодействия

Introduction: This article focuses on identifying moral foundations influencing the development of new views on the interaction between nature and society. Particular attention is paid to the historical aspect in the identification of human moral reflections and human interaction with the natural world, demonstrating the connections between natural sciences, humanities and the moral aspect of human consciousness. Different Russian and international schools of thought on the interaction between society and nature have been considered, including those identifying moral foundations driving the assessment of the interaction between nature and society: dispositional and orientational approach, the value and positional approach, and moral and notional approach. The relevance of the study of the place and role of moral assessment of environmental problems in young people is underscored. Materials and methods: We present the results of an empirical study into the interaction between environmental positions, moral outlook and ethical foundations in students. The study used novel psychological assessment tools: personal moral and ethical responsibility assessment tool, EcO-30 environmental positions assessment tool and moral foundations survey. Results of the study: The obtained empirical data was used to build correlational and regressive statistical models. It has been observed that women’s choices are influenced by the moral foundation of “care” more often than men’s. Men demonstrate lower levels of environmental internality, biocentrism and general interest in environmental issues. In study participants reflection on moral and ethical situations is linked to biocentrism, while altruistic emotions are linked to both biocentrism and one’s interest in environmental issues. The regression model we built demonstrates the important role that reflection on global environmental issues plays in one’s moral and ethical sphere. It has been observed that increased existential responsibility is linked to lower interest in global environmental issues. Men demonstrate much lower rate of interest in global environmental issues. Conclusion: The data obtained makes it possible to interpret the psychological effects of the interaction between the personal values we studied and has predictive value. We observe that the ethical foundations for assessing one’s notions of the interaction between nature and society can be found at the interface between their personal moral characteristics and the structural elements of the environmental outlook.

Викладання філософії як її актуалізація

The present times are full of various challenges, as it always used to be. Having in mind the rapid development of science and technology, we inevitably find ourselves under their influence. Thus, technology not only makes our life easier, but is also capable of shaping human perception in new obstacles. It can influence our choices and responsibility beyond them. Such a dynamic rate of producing new ideas and technology does not allow a proper and forehanded evaluation of their response in our near future. Since philosophers work with relatively constant terms, they have to be in the avant-gardé of a conceptual analysis and problem-shaping of the challenges facing modern people. In such circumstances, lecturing philosophy should hold a prominent position. The sphere of morals and ethical evaluations forms value basis for human self-cognition and performs as a stimulus to a more responsibly deliberated life. In this situation, a philosopher finds himself in a crucial role as a person, who provides this knowledge. The use of philosophical means has to start with the analysis of those, who are in charge of their usage. In order to remain frank with the audience and himself, a philosopher should start lecturing from himself, his self-cognition, as well as from a clear deliberation of his personal moral guidelines and personal responsibility. The situation, in which a philosopher shapes his personal ideas, formulates concepts, analyses, and provides arguments without proper elaboration of their premises and basic principles, raises concerns. Within the scope of this article we attempt to designate the term “philosopher” and philosopher’s position in the modern world. In order to articulate this term properly, we suggest a distinction in terminology between “philosophers of aim” and “philosophers of purpose”, which serves as a marker to estimate philosophic activities in their full scope. In my opinion, any philosophic activities, in their basis, perform as a practice of essential responsibility. The abovementioned definitions provide us with an ability to notice a distinction between philosophers and pseudo-philosophers, as well to evaluate the importance of the ones and the perniciousness of the others.

Non-normative use of reflexivity in social work with families in the Czech Republic

Abstract Discourse on the normative use of reflexivity predominates in the professional literature. Expert articles on the topic of non-normative use of reflexivity, which is based on the presumption that social workers do not use reflexivity to improve their work quality, but rather its functions for themselves to fulfil specific purposes, is missing, with some exceptions in the literature. The presented article therefore aims to understand the use of reflexivity in the practice of social work with families in its non-normative concept and to determine the implications for social work. Using the abduction method (in which Schechtman’s narrative identity theory was applied to data analysis), the following four categories of the use of reflexivity in a non-normative way were saturated with data obtained from initial interviews, field observations and subsequent reflection of field observations with social workers: personal interest, survival, moral responsibility and compensation. The non-normative concept of reflexivity is further discussed in the context of specific implications for education and practice of social work.

Kdy není teologická etika teologická: problémy v české tradici morální teologie

The article questions real theological character of some streams of the older Czech moral theological thought which ended in 1948 (beginning of the communist regime) and after 1989 has never been quoted or mentioned. It was a rationalistic neo-scholastic period of abstract philosophical theology. The blind alleys of theology can be traced in such areas as: the Scripture and philosophical speculation; “good” deed being good only as resulting in one’s eternal happiness; personal spiritual life and universally binding mo- ral norms; moral norms and the church and state law; natural ethics; depen- dence of theology on the political situation; universal validity and particular character of catholic moral theology; moral and religious norms of acting; moral responsibility to one’s conscience and ethical responsibility to a hete- ronomous authority. As examples of a really theological moral theology the work of Thomas Aquinas and Franz Bockle are presented. Their rationally constructed theology may be opposed by legal or disciplinary measures, religious manipulation, direct arguing by the will of God, or blind obedience. Nevertheless, personal moral responsibility remains undisputed. It is necessary to free oneself from some thought patterns and false traditions to uphold responsibility to the tradition of faith and real theology.

FREE YOUR MIND: BUDDHISM, CAUSALITY, AND THE FREE WILL PROBLEM

AbstractThe problem of free will is associated with a specific and significant kind of control over our actions, which is understood primarily in the sense that we have the freedom to do otherwise or the capacity for self‐determination. Is Buddhism compatible with such a conception of free will? The aim of this article is to address three critical issues concerning the free will problem: (1) what role should accounts of physical and neurobiological processes play in discussions of free will? (2) Is a conception of mental autonomy grounded in practices of meditative cultivation compatible with the three cardinal Buddhist doctrines of momentariness, dependent arising, and no‐self? (3) Are there enough resources in Buddhism, given its antisubstantialist metaphysics, to account for personal agency, self‐control, and moral responsibility?

PROGRAM LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KONSELING PRIBADI SOSIAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN DAYA JUANG SISWA

Educational institution is an institution of the brain industry. Therefore, education is a vehicle for mental exercise. With education will be able to sharpen the brain to form human beings quality. Qualified people are intelligent human beings comprehensive and competitive savvy are reflected in personal moral, creative, and productive and full responsibility in living our daily lives. But the spotlight and complaints against educational institutions still occur, various perceived problems among students learn the lower interest. Students tend to subjects who tested nationally (National Examination), the methods used by teachers in teaching the more commonly used methods of lecture and question and answer, sometimes the discussion so that the lessons seem monotonous and less innovative, subjects received more students cederung nature doctrine in the form of memorization alone and rarely developed in the context of everyday life so that lessons just more leads to mastery of concepts and tend to train cognitive abilities-intellectual, not a lot of touching the realm of other intelligence in accordance with the potential of the students. The other problem is the tendency of the still rampant behavior is not commendable at this time in various forms, for example, students commit suicide because they do not pass the exam, involved in drugs, fighting between students, the behavior of cheating, careless, style punky, smoking, going out, and so become a reason for choosing this topic as study materials. The problem is what strengthens the belief writers to examine and assess the importance of the development of multiple intelligence through integrative learning-based game in an attempt to develop students' potential intelligence to realize a comprehensive and intelligent smart students competitive. This paper formulated into some discussion that begins with an introduction that lists reasons for the importance of this issue is discussed, and then forwarded to the review of the concept of multiple intelligence. Followed by a study on the definition, purpose and benefits of the games, the development of multiple intelligence through integrative learning-based games and ending with examples of games in integrative learning process.

Kremlin on Fire:18th Century Russia Through the Tongues of Flame

Current research is an exploratory study investigating actions, socio-historical context and characters of bureaucrats in an emergency situation of Trinity Fire in Moscow of 1737. Microhistory approach is applied to analysis of primary sources: the interrogation reports produced by investigators over three years period following the disaster. These dry formal documents act as windows into lives, beliefs and lies of the bureaucrats and by proxy muscovite society of the times of Anna Ivanovna as a whole. The resulting analysis then not only investigates formal procedures and duties related to firefighting and civil service of the time, but provides commentary on how civil servants of various social standing positioned themselves with regards to religion, state and personal moral responsibility.

Moral Philosophy and Ethics: The Demarcation Line

The paper proposes an idea that moral philosophy and ethical theory are congruent with each other in their subject, but differ in their methods: the first one grasps a human act from the inside in its primary moral genesis, while the second one studies morality in its outward objectified forms. The author bases this view on his own interpretation of Mikhail Bakhtin’s moral philosophy, presented in his early works «Toward a Philosophy of the Act and Author» and «Author and Hero in Aesthetic Activity». The opposite sides of an act, which is rooted in a living individual with one side and in culture with another one, acquire the inner character and entirety through personal moral responsibility

The normalization of sport for older people?

ABSTRACTOpportunities for older adults in Western countries, particularly women, to participate in physically demanding, competitive sports have increased since the 1960s. Now, coinciding with the neoliberal shift in social policy, older adults live at a time when physical activity is highly encouraged through ‘healthy or active ageing’ discourses in media, policy policies and the sport/exercise sciences. This study sought to understand how 63 Masters athletes (aged 60 and over) explain their participation in sport and, in particular, the extent to which they use neoliberal language of personal moral responsibility and economic efficiency to explain their own participation and the non-participation of older adults in sport. While degrees of moral talk were evident in the older athlete responses, in almost all cases, non-participation in sport was seen as irrational and in need of explanation. Overall, our findings suggest that older people’s participation in sport has been, or at least is in the process of being, normalized among participants in Masters sport. We discuss how this changing idea about sport and ageing might reshape social policy, as well as social relationships, between older people and the state and between different groups of older people.

PENGEMBANGAN MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCE MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN INTEGRATIF BERBASIS GAMES (Model Integrasi Bimbingan dalam Proses Pembelajaran sebagai Upaya Mengembangkan Berbagai Potensi Kecerdasan Siswa)

Educational institution is an institution of the brain industry. Therefore, education is a vehicle for mental exercise. With education will be able to sharpen the brain to form human beings quality. Qualified people are intelligent human beings comprehensive and competitive savvy are reflected in personal moral, creative, and productive and full responsibility in living our daily lives. But the spotlight and complaints against educational institutions still occur, various perceived problems among students learn the lower interest. Students tend to subjects who tested nationally (National Examination), the methods used by teachers in teaching the more commonly used methods of lecture and question and answer, sometimes the discussion so that the lessons seem monotonous and less innovative, subjects received more students cederung nature doctrine in the form of memorization alone and rarely developed in the context of everyday life so that lessons just more leads to mastery of concepts and tend to train cognitive abilities-intellectual, not a lot of touching the realm of other intelligence in accordance with the potential of the students. The other problem is the tendency of the still rampant behavior is not commendable at this time in various forms, for example, students commit suicide because they do not pass the exam, involved in drugs, fighting between students, the behavior of cheating, careless, style punky, smoking, going out, and so become a reason for choosing this topic as study materials. The problem is what strengthens the belief writers to examine and assess the importance of the development of multiple intelligence through integrative learning-based game in an attempt to develop students' potential intelligence to realize a comprehensive and intelligent smart students competitive.
 This paper formulated into some discussion that begins with an introduction that lists reasons for the importance of this issue is discussed, and then forwarded to the review of the concept of multiple intelligence. Followed by a study on the definition, purpose and benefits of the games, the development of multiple intelligence through integrative learning-based games and ending with examples of games in integrative learning process.

Climate Change, No‐Harm Principle, and Moral Responsibility of Individual Emitters

AbstractThe article defends the no‐harm principle as an intuitively plausible and a common‐sense way to justify individual emitters’ duties to take more radical steps in the fight against climate change. The appearance of climate change as requiring large‐scale collective action should not lead us astray with respect to the fundamental moral nature of the problem: individual emitters who knowingly sustain and foster the carbon intensive ways of acting also bear personal moral responsibility for the foreseeable climate‐related harm and acquire in line with the no‐harm principle a direct personal duty to contribute to the efforts of preventing the harm. The article examines more closely the so‐called collectivistic approach, according to which emitters’ responsibilities are primarily collective, and argues that without individualistic grounds of emitters’ personal moral responsibility for the harm the collectivistic approach fails to provide unstructured emitters with sufficient reason to act together and fulfil their correlative duty of effective harm prevention. The article argues that since an emitter's personal moral responsibility warrants others to expect her personal engagement in the efforts of effective harm prevention and can justify blame if she fails, identifications of personal responsibility may also significantly increase unstructured emitters’ collective capability of remedying the climate crisis.