Personal Monthly Income Research Articles

Health system factors and caesarean sections in Kosovo: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo investigate the association of caesarean section rates with the health system characteristics in the public hospitals of Kosovo.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingFive largest public hospitals in Kosovo.Participants859 women with low-risk deliveries who...

Correlation between coping-adaptation level and self-consistency among molecular targeted therapy related rash patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer

Objective To explore the correlation between coping-adaptation level and self-consistency among molecular targeted therapy related rash patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to analyze the influencing factors of the coping-adaptation level. Methods From June 2014 to June 2017, we selected 108 rash and NSCLC patients with molecular targeted therapy in the Third People's Hospital of Zhengzhou. The coping-adaptation and self-consistency were evaluated with the Chinese Version of Coping-adaptation Processing Scale: Short Form (CV-CAPS: SF) and Self Consistency and Congruence Scale (SCCS) . Data was analyzed statistically with the SPSS 22.0. Results Among 108 molecular targeted therapy related rash patients with NSCLC, the scores of coping-adaptation as well as self-consistency were (38.94±6.14) and (130.00±15.50) . Pearson correlation analysis showed that coping-adaptation had a positive correlation with the self-flexibility (P<0.01) , and had negative correlations with disharmony between self and experience as well as self-stiffness (P<0.01) . There were statistical differences in the scores of coping-adaptation among molecular targeted therapy related rash and NSCLC patients with different sexes, ages, educational levels, vocation, personal monthly income, reimbursement rate of medical insurance and whether to live with their children (P<0.01) . Multiple linear regression showed the influencing factors of coping-adaptation included sexes, ages, educational levels, personal monthly income (P<0.01) . Conclusions Coping-adaptation and self-consistency of molecular targeted therapy related rash patients with NSCLC need improvement with correlations between them. Medical staff should take positive and effective measures to improve cognition of patients on treatment, so as to enhance their coping-adaptation levels and self-consistency. Key words: Molecular targeted therapy; Exanthema; Coping-adaptation; Self-consistency

Individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status in the prediction of liver transplantation among patients with liver disease: A population-based cohort study in Taiwan.

Given the fact that >80% of liver transplantations (LTs) were living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in Taiwan, we conducted this study to assess whether patients with lower socioeconomic status are subject to a lower chance of receiving hepatic transplantation.This was a cohort study including 197,082 liver disease patients admitted in 1997 to 2013, who were at higher risk of LT. Personal monthly income and median family income of living areas were used to indicate individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status, respectively. Cox proportional hazard model that considered death as a competing risk event was used to estimate subdistribution hazard ratio (sHR) of LT in association with socioeconomic status.Totally 2204 patients received LT during follow-up, representing a cumulative incidence of 1.12% and an incidence rate of 20.54 per 10 person-years. After adjusting for potential confounders, including age, sex, co-morbidity, location/urbanization level of residential areas, we found that patients with < median monthly income experienced significantly lower incidence of LT (aHR = 0.802, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.717-0.898), but those with >- median monthly income had significantly elevated incidence of LT (aHR = 1.679, 95% CI = 1.482-1.903), as compared to those who were not actively employed. Additionally, compared to areas with the lowest quartile of median family income, the highest quartile of median family income was also associated with significantly higher incidence rate of LT (aHR = 1.248, 95% CI = 1.055-1.478).Higher individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status were significantly associated with higher incidence of LT among patients with higher risk of LT.

Determining the antecedents and consequences of the airline brand personality

Purpose: This study investigates air passengers’ perceptions of the brand personalities of airlines and explores the relationships between the brand personality and its antecedent factor, the country-of-origin of the airlines, and the consequent factor which is the purchase intentions to the corresponding airlines.Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a questionnaire survey containing air passengers’ trip characteristics and demographics and three main scales: country-of-origin, brand personality, and purchase intentions to collect the data of 490 respondents flying from Kaohsiung to Macao. The passengers are from three types of airlines: an international airline with a global network, a regional airline, and a low-cost carrier. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to investigate the differences in the perceptions of brand personalities of airlines and several models were developed to determine the antecedent and the consequent factors of airline brand personality.Findings: The air passengers’ perceptions regarding the brand personalities of different types of airlines were significantly different. The country-of-origin of airlines was proved as a significant factor for the brand personality. The brand personality also significantly influenced passengers’ loyalty to the corresponding airlines. Moreover, some demographic and trip characteristics such as personal monthly income, memberships in the airline’s frequent flyer program, and experiences with the airlines were also determined as the significant variables to impact passengers’ loyalties.Originality/value: The concept of brand personality has been explored by various researches but few related to airline management and identified as a key element to brand marketing. Particularly, low-cost carriers always implement different marketing strategies to create a distinctive position in their target customers’ mind and legacy airlines are also doing different things to retain their customers. Therefore, investigating passengers’ perceptions of airlines from the perspective of brand personality is also an important issue for airline management. Not only does this study prove the differences in passengers’ cognitions of brand personalities of a global network airline, a regional network airline, and a low-cost airline but conclude the determinants and influences of the brand personality.

Survey of HIV infection in men who have sex with men living for 5 years or less in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province

Objective: To assess the prevalence of HIV infection and related factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) living for ≤5 years in Wenzhou of Zhejiang province. Methods: MSM who were aged ≥16 years, had lived in Wenzhou for ≥3 months and had anal sex and/or oral sex with men in the last 12 months were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS) from February to October in 2015. The MSM recruited completed a questionnaire for the information collection on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behavior, awareness of HIV and related intervention, mental health status. Blood samples were collected from them for serological detection of HIV and syphilis antibodies. Software SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze HIV infection and related factors. Results: A total of 454 MSM were investigated, 108 of them (23.7%) were HIV positive. There were 267 MSM who lived in Wenzhou for ≤5 years, and 73 of them (27.3%) were HIV positive. Most of them were workers and commercial servants aged ≥25 years with personal monthly income <4 000 yuan and educational level of junior high school or below. According to multiple logistics regression analysis, age of 25-68 years old (OR=12.19, 95%CI: 2.29-65.02), heterosexual behavior in recent 6 months (OR=0.42, 95%CI: 0.18-0.96), believing it was possible to be infected with HIV (OR=0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.95), believing it was impossible to be infected with HIV (OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.01-0.35) and syphilis status (OR=3.32, 95%CI: 1.05-10.52) were the risk factors associated with HIV infection. Conclusion: Compared with MSM who lived in Wenzhou for >5 years, MSM who lived in Wenzhou for ≤5 years had higher HIV infection rate and higher prevalence of risk behavior. It is necessary to conduct targeted intervention among them.

A study on the relationship between quality care services and patient needs of large general hospital outpatient

Objective To investigate the construction of outpatient quality care services and the needs of patient for outpatient service, and to explore the relevance of the two projects. Methods A total of 152 cases of outpatient department registered nurse of Beijing Union Hospital and 281 cases of hospitalized patients on May, 2017 were selected, and then developed the Content Questionnaire on Quality Nursing Work of Outpatient Nurse and the Questionnaire on Outpatient Needs Status to carry out investigation. Results This kind of hospital patients with college or university in 216 cases (76.9%, 216/281), personal monthly income of 5.0-10.0 thousand accounted for 44.8%(126/281); outpatient nurses aged ≥46 in 83 cases (54.6%, 83/152), the working time≥20 years in 120 cases (78.9%, 120/152), college degree or above in 137 cases (90.1%, 137/152), 97 nurses(63.8%, 97/152) in charge. The clinic nursing work relates to the rate of above 85% for disease treatment and consultation, health education, guidance service, self-service system services, on-site inspection, consulting room environment, and the cost of nurses working hours and the most frequent content for the on-site inspection and diagnosis of diseases, counseling, health education, medical order service. The order of patients′ needs from high to low was disease and consultation, health education, guidance service, order service, on-site inspection, self-service system, registration service, waiting environment and consulting room environment. There was no correlation between the patient's needs and the rate of nursing, the length of work, and the frequency of work (P>0.05).There were significant differences in the demand for health education on each department (F=3.047, P 0.05). The outpatient quality care services had lower improved demand (≤ 26%), and the first six item that needed to improve are disease and medical consultation, self-service system, treatment order service, waiting environment, health education, guidance services. Conclusions In view of the characteristics of outpatient medical staff and patients in large general hospitals, we will improve the quality of outpatient service and meet the needs of patient outpatient service, which will help to deepen the medical reform and improve the quality of medical service. Key words: Outpatient quality care services; Patient needs

A Study of the Impact of Business Strategy on Customers Tourism Behaviors, Motivation, and Satisfaction -A Case Study of Hotels at Kenting, Taiwan

A study was conducted via questionnaire to explore the impact of business strategy of hotels at Kenting Area on customers’ tourism behaviors, motivations, and satisfaction. The results of the research were as follows: the most were tourists visit Kenting on holidays, the majority of the tourists were males, aged 21-30, students, general and vocational high schools, from the southern Taiwan, with personal monthly income of NT$20,001 - NT$40,000, the most were tourists visit this hotel for the first time as individual tourist. The features of tourists was went to Kenting to play and stay overnight, and the critical for the business management of hotels was aim to leading innovation and sustainable development, followed by the most important strategy for learning experienced activities, we recommend to have such package tour for the hotel marketing, to mainly focus on the professional manpower training of hotels, and the partnership of hotels were alliance strategy to create the profit maximization.

How Frequently do Women Invest? A Study of Women Investors of Punjab

“Man for the field and woman for the hearth: Man for the sword and for the needle she: Man with the head and woman with the heart: Man to command and woman to obey; All else confusion”. These lines highlight the fact that investing in India is still considered a male prerogative and women still lag behind when it comes to investing especially in the stock market. Academic literature also holds that the frequency of investing depends upon a number of factors and varies from one group of women investors to another. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to identify the frequency with which investments are made by women investors of Punjab and to explore if there is a significant difference in the frequency with which investments are made by women investors based on their demographics. For the purpose of the study, data were collected from primary sources using a pre tested, well-structured questionnaire. Descriptive Statistics as well as Cross Tabulation Analysis have been used in order to analyze the collected data. The results of the study brought out that the frequency of investing of the respondents varies with their age, marital status and their personal monthly income. Moreover, significant differences have also been observed in the frequency of investing of women stock and non-stock investors. This shows that the securities market offers greater favourable investment opportunities as compared to the capital markets. The paper suggests that women should invest in the securities market rather than the traditional investment avenues as it offers greater favorable opportunities for substantial profits. Moreover, women who intend to make investments at regular intervals should invest in Systematic Investment Plans. Besides this, the securities market should offer more and more lucrative opportunities to suit the needs of women investors belonging to the different age groups.

Low post-traumatic stress disorder rate in Chinese in Beijing, China.

There have been significantly fewer community-based, epidemiological studies focusing on PTSD and its socio-demographic correlates among the Chinese than Western populations. The multistage household cluster random sampling method was used to select participants from18 districts and counties in Beijing; a total of 16,032 participants were assessed; face-to-face interviews and data collection was conducted using the semi-structured clinical interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders-Patient Edition (SCID-I/P). The lifetime PTSD prevalence was 0.3%. Older age, low educational level, low personal monthly income, urban living, unemployment and being a farmer were all significantly associated with an increased risk of PTSD. Multivariate analysis showed that farmers and the unemployed were significantly associated with a higher risk for PTSD. The prevalence rates of PTSD in Beijing were low compared with that of Western countries. Farming occupation and unemployment were independent risk factors for PTSD.

Comparative Study on Health-Related Quality of Life of Farmers and Workers

ObjectiveTo estimate and compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) between Chinese farmers and workers and study the relationships between the sociodemographic factors and HRQOL of the 2 populations. MethodsWe conducted 2 cross-sectional surveys in Zhejiang Province in China by using multistage cluster sampling; we applied the EuroQOL 5-dimensions 3-level (EQ-5D-3L) self-report questionnaire to assess the HRQOL of farmers and workers through face-to-face interviews. The χ2 test, 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple linear regression models were used to compare the HRQOL between farmers and workers and identify the factors that influence HRQOL. ResultsWe included 3675 farmers and 2836 workers in the analysis. The HRQOL differed between the 2 populations. The most prevalent problems reported were Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression; workers reported significantly more Pain/Discomfort and Anxiety/Depression compared with farmers (P < 0.001). The mean EQ-5D index scores were 0.987 for farmers and 0.959 for workers (P < 0.001), and the EQ-VAS scores were 83.59 for farmers and 81.11 for workers (P < 0.001), indicating that farmers had better HRQOL compared with workers. Sex, age, marital status, education level, and personal monthly income were reported to influence the HRQOL of farmers, whereas marital status and education level were reported to influence that of workers. ConclusionsThe HRQOL of farmers was better than that of workers. To improve the HRQOL, it is important to pay more attention to mental health, especially in workers.

The Cross‐Sectional Association between Eating Frequency and Body Composition among Adults in South China

ObjectiveTo explore whether eating frequency (EF) was associated with body composition in Chinese adults.MethodsA total of 1017 adults (53.8% men) aged 25–65 years were included from an on‐going prospective cohort study carried out in Southwest China since 2013. Dietary data were collected by validated 24‐h dietary recalls. EF was calculated with two different methods based on the energy intake (EI) and the eating time interval: all eating occasions providing at least 50 kcal (or 210 kJ) with a minimum time interval between occasion at least 15 min or 30 min. Each EF was divided into meal frequency (MF) and snack frequency (SF). Body height and weight were measured to calculate percentage of body fat (%BF), fat mass index (FMI) and fat‐free mass index (FFMI). Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the association between EF and body composition parameters.ResultsEF and SF were positively associated with %BF, FMI (p&lt;0.01) and negatively related to FFMI (p&lt;0.01) after adjustment for age, occupation, personal monthly income, smoking status, alcohol, physical activity, energy intake, protein intake, fat intake and carbohydrate intake. However, MF was not associated with %BF, FMI or FFMI.ConclusionOur results indicate that higher EF and SF were associated with higher body fatness and lower fat‐free body mass in Chinese adults.Support or Funding InformationFunding source: All phases of this study were supported by research grant from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.81472976).

Factors associated with interruption of tuberculosis treatment among patients in Nandi County, Kenya 2015.

IntroductionKenya is ranked 15th on the list of 22 high-tuberculosis (TB) burden countries with a case notification rate of 440 cases per 100,000 persons. Interruption of TB treatment is one of the major obstacles to effective TB treatment and control. Since 2009, emphasis has been on direct observation treatment short-course (DOTS) to ensure adherence. This study assessed the factors associated with interruption of treatment among patients on DOTS in Nandi County, Kenya.Methodswe reviewed medical records and interviewed randomly selected persons from the County TB register, among those initiated on TB treatment between 1st January 2013 and 30th June 2014. Data on socio-demographics, clinical characteristics, behavioral factors, family support, health system factors, income, and lifestyle and treatment interruption (i.e., therapy discontinuation ≥ 2 weeks) were collected. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to evaluate factors associated with TB interruption and performed multivariable logistic regression to examine independent risk factors.Resultsfrom a total of 1,287 records in the TB register, we randomly selected 280 patients for interview, out of whom 252 were traced. Of the 252 participants interviewed, 149 (59.1%) were males and the mean age was 40.0 (SD ± 15.3) years. Seventy-eight (31.0%) interrupted treatment. Treatment interruption was associated with personal monthly income ≤ 10,000 Kenya shillings ($100) (AOR 4.3, CI = 2.13-8.62) compared to income > 10,000 Kenya shillings, daily alcohol consumption of > 3 days per week (AOR 3.3, CI = 1.72-6.23) compared to consumption of ≤ 3 days per week and average waiting time at the health facility ≥ 1 hour (AOR 3.5 CI = 1.86-6.78) compared to waiting time < 1 hour.Conclusionwe suggest expanding DOTS services to increase the number of service points for patients. This will probably reduce the waiting time by distributing the work load across many facilities. Intensifying patient counseling and education prior to initiation of treatment could also be adopted to cover effects of alcohol use during treatment and teach patients to take up some income generating activities.

Food Insecurity in HIV-Hepatitis C Virus Co-infected Individuals in Canada: The Importance of Co-morbidities

While research has begun addressing food insecurity (FI) in HIV-positive populations, knowledge regarding FI among individuals living with HIV-hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is limited. This exploratory study examines sociodemographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, and clinical factors associated with FI in a cohort of HIV-HCV co-infected individuals in Canada. We analyzed longitudinal data from the Food Security and HIV-HCV Co-infection Study of the Canadian Co-infection Cohort collected between November 2012-June 2014 at 15 health centres. FI was measured using the Household Food Security Survey Module and classified using Health Canada criteria. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess factors associated with FI. Among 525 participants, 59 % experienced FI at their first study visit (baseline). Protective factors associated with FI (p < 0.05) included: enrolment at a Quebec study site (aOR: 0.42, 95 % CI: 0.27, 0.67), employment (aOR: 0.55, 95 % CI: 0.35, 0.87), and average personal monthly income (aOR per $100 CAD increase: 0.98, 95 % CI: 0.97, 0.99). Risk factors for FI included: recent injection drug use (aOR: 1.98, 95 % CI: 1.33, 2.96), trading away food (aOR: 5.23, 95 % CI: 2.53, 10.81), and recent experiences of depressive symptoms (aOR: 2.11, 95 % CI: 1.48, 3.01). FI is common in this co-infected population. Engagement of co-infected individuals in substance use treatments, harm reduction programs, and mental health services may mitigate FI in this vulnerable subset of the HIV-positive population.

Research on Consumers’ Use Willingness and Opinions of Electric Vehicle Sharing: An Empirical Study in Shanghai

An empirical study in Shanghai was performed to explore consumers’ use willingness and opinions on electric vehicle sharing (EVS) to help operators effectively operate and expand the new business model. Through the multinomial logistic regression developed for different groups, the results show that the factors of the main trip mode in daily use, monthly transportation expenditure, driving range of electric vehicles, gender, age, marital status and occupation have significant influences on consumers’ use willingness. In short, the population characteristics of people choosing to use EVS are male, aged between 18 and 30 and usually taking the subway and bus as the daily transportation modes. Otherwise, the factors of the acceptable highest price of EVS, occupation and personal monthly income have significant impacts on the use willingness of people who keep a neutral stance. These people pay more attention to convenience and the economy of EVS. These results reveal that a reasonable price, accurate positioning of target groups, convenient site layout and usage are required for operators to successfully launch a new transportation mode of EVS.

Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Influencing Public Attitudes Toward a Presumed Consent System for Organ Donation Without and With a Priority Allocation Scheme

The influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on the public's attitude towards a presumed consent system (PCS) of organ donation was estimated in 2 scenarios: without and with a priority allocation scheme (PAS). Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 775 respondents. Using multiple logistic regressions, respondents’ objections to donating organs in both scenarios were estimated. In total, 63.9% of respondents would object to donating under a PCS, whereas 54.6% would object under a PCS with a PAS. Respondents with pretertiary education were more likely to object than were respondents with tertiary education, in both the first (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.615) and second (AOR = 1.728) scenarios. Young respondents were less likely to object than were middle-aged respondents, in both the first (AOR = 0.648) and second (AOR = 0.572) scenarios. Respondents with mid-ranged personal monthly income were more likely to object than were respondents with low income, in both the first (AOR = 1.994) and second (AOR = 1.519) scenarios. It does not seem that Malaysia is ready to implement a PCS. The educational level, age, and income of the broader public should be considered if a PCS, without or with a PAS, is planned for implementation in Malaysia.

Living standard is related to microregional differences in stroke characteristics in Central Europe: the Budapest Districts 8-12 Project.

To test whether str oke features relate to living standard within one city by comparing 2 districts. District-8 (D-8) ranks the last, whereas District-12 (D-12) is the second regarding personal monthly income of the 23 districts of Budapest, Hungary. Stroke cases hospitalized in 2007 were identified by the database of the National Health Insurance Fund and postal codes for living address. Case certification was performed by personal visits to the general practitioners. Demographic data, risk factors and survival status in 2010 were analyzed using the anonymized database. Three-year case fatality was 36.6% in D-8 and 31.5% in D-12 (p=0.24). Of the fatal cases, men were more than 12years younger in D-8 than in D-12 (69.2±13.3 vs. 82.4±9.2years, p<0.001). Men died younger than women in D-8 (69.2±13.3 vs. 75.2±12.4; p=0.036), but not in D-12 (82.4±9.2 vs. 81.9±7.3, p=0.8). Non-treated hypertension, alcohol dependence, and smoking were significantly more prevalent in the poor district (p<0.01 for all). In national stroke programs of former Eastern Block countries, primary prevention should focus especially on male populations of less wealthy regions.

Study on health behavior ability and influencing factors among discharged acute pancreatitis patients

Objective To conduct the research on the health behavior ability of discharged acute pancreatitis (AP) patients, and analyze the relevant influencing factors. Methods Totals of 193 first-episode discharged AP in a third-grade class-A hospital were investigated with the General Information Evaluation Scale, Self-rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale (SRAHP), Health Awareness Scale, Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS). Results Among discharged AP patients, the average score of healthy behavior ability was (64.09±15.25). Among the four dimensions, sports ranked the highest, followed by psychological adjustment and nutrition, while health responsibility ranked the lowest. Seventy patients (36.27%) had great healthy behavior ability, 118 patients (61.14%) had moderate healthy behavior ability, and 5 patients (2.59%) had bad healthy behavior ability. The average scores of health awareness and depression were (7.19±3.12) and (49.86±8.04). The single factor analysis showed that the influencing factors of healthy behavior ability of discharged AP patients were education, occupation, personal monthly income, expense of medical care, life style, social support, depression degree and health awareness (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between healthy behavior ability and health awareness, life style, expense of medical care and social support (β=0.99, 1.00, 0.56, 1.01, respectively; P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between healthy behavior ability and depression degree (β=-0.68, P<0.05). Conclusions The health behavior ability of discharged AP patients needs to be improved. Nurses should pay attention to build and strengthen patients′ health awareness, change unhealthy life style, enhance social support and keep them in good mood when they design and implement nursing interventions, there by to improve the patients′ healthy behaviors ability and reduce recurrence. Key words: Acute pancreatitis; Healthy behaviors; Discharged patients

The correlation between socioeconomic status and health self-management in the elderly

PurposeTo determine the correlation between socioeconomic status and health self-management in the elderly and to provide a scientific basis for the promotion of healthy ageing. MethodsWe recruited 6173 people aged ≥60 years from three regions in Hebei Province using the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. The participants were surveyed using questionnaires. ResultsThe health self-management behaviours of elderly people differed with the area of residence, education level, and personal monthly income. An ordered probit model showed that behaviours were better in elderly people who lived in urban areas, who were educated to college level or higher, and with higher monthly incomes (p < 0.05). ConclusionSocioeconomic status plays a decisive role in health self-management in the elderly. We suggest appropriate measures for promoting health self-management among the elderly.

Reduced affordability of cigarettes and socio-economic inequalities in smoking continuation in Stakhanov, Ukraine, 2009.

The recent tobacco excise tax increase and economic crisis reduced cigarette affordability in Ukraine dramatically. Using survey data from Stakhanov (n = 1691), eastern Ukraine, we employed logistic regression analysis to examine whether socio-economic status was associated with the continuation of smoking in this environment in 2009. Low education (in women) and ownership of household assets (in men) were negatively associated with smoking continuation, whereas a positive association was found for personal monthly income. Our findings suggest that in a low-income setting where efficient cessation services are absent, reduced cigarette affordability may have only a limited effect in cutting down smoking.

Business Air Travelers Willingness to Pay for In-flight Wireless Internet Service: An Exploratory Study

This study investigated business air travelers' willingness to pay (WTP) for in-flight wire-less Internet service (WIS) and when WTP is positive or conditional, the payment amount. We used the contingent valuation method to elicit the WTP from Taiwanese business air passengers and employed an independent two-equation model to determine the potential factors. Raw data analysis indicated that 40% of the respondents were willing to pay for in-flight WIS. Among the respondents who were willing to pay, the maximal and minimal stated WTP for unlimited use of in-flight WIS were US$48 and US$6, respectively. The conditional mean WTP was approximately US$13. The estimated model also suggested that several variables determined the probability of a positive WTP: personal monthly income, spending greater than one hour on WIS at the airport, perceptions regarding the necessity of onboard WIS, and flight length.