Personal Information Management Research Articles

IDify - Distributed Database System for Digital Identification

”IDify” Distributed database system for digital identification is a big data handling system to centralize the important services provided by the government to make the facilities efficient and reliable. It has integrated services such as digital authentication, E-Banking, Personal Information Management, and Government Surveys to provide users with a centralized and digitized platform to make their lives easier. In this system there is a distributed database platform to carry out all the data storing and data processing tasks to facilitate a large user count and to avoid the drawbacks of monolithic systems. The database system has been designed by integrating several modern database technologies to make the system efficient and coherent as the facilities provided by the system are extremely mission-critical. To make the system low latent on data ingestion and data reading tasks a special library is also implemented in collaboration with modern query processing engines. It is proposed to utilize the thread system of a processor to implement parallelism to enhance the performance of data read/write tasks. Apart from that a fault-tolerant framework has been implemented to free the system from any erroneous scenario taking place.

Personal cultural heritage management: a conceptual framework for constructing and curating cultural identities through personal collections

PurposeThis theoretical paper introduces a conceptual framework for Personal Cultural Heritage Management (PCHM), derived from prior research on migrants' information practices. It elaborates on the literature background and the development of the PCHM framework, highlighting the role of personal information management (PIM) and personal collections in the creation, access and utilization of cultural heritage information.Design/methodology/approachThe study describes and explains the construction of the PCHM framework as a structured and self-motivated approach to personal heritage and identity learning.FindingsFollowing the theoretical background and assumptions, along with the presentation of the key building blocks, the paper describes the key components of the framework, outlines their definitions and provides examples.Research limitations/implicationsTheoretically, PCHM extends the current literature by encapsulating processes and actions employed by individuals to manage personal collections for cultural identity purposes, thereby underscoring the critical role personal collections play in both preserving and communicating cultural heritage.Practical implicationsPCHM can guide the development of support systems and policies to enhance cultural continuity and integration, thus empowering individuals to navigate their cultural identities confidently.Originality/valueThe PCHM framework creates a unique intersection between PIM and cultural heritage, providing a new perspective for understanding the dynamic evolution and formation of cultural identity among migrants.

“Those blimmin Ts and Cs”: a mixed methods analysis of how people manage personal information, privacy, and impressions

ABSTRACT Interconnected and smart technologies complicate personal information management (PIM) because users delegate the storing, organizing, and retrieving of personal information to smart and mobile service providers. Meta-level PIM activities are required to maintain the privacy and security of personal information. This study provides insights into how users of location tracking, mobile apps, and smart home technologies perceive PIM and privacy. We turn to the privacy as contextual integrity (CI) and impression management (IM) literatures to explore informational norms and interpersonal dynamics in PIM. This study is based on a mixed methods design to analyze focus groups and interviews with 106 British and Dutch respondents. Combining unsupervised Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling and thematic analysis, we reveal discursive patterns in respondent accounts of technology use and provide an in-depth interpretation of these patterns. Our findings indicate that PIM practices are associated with the perceived appropriateness of information flows, anthropomorphic interpretations of technologies, and interpersonal surveillance. Thus, impressions are managed toward social actors as well as technology providers. We contribute to PIM research with a demonstration of how PIM in mobile, smart, and location-based technology use cannot be separated from contextual factors and strategies to manage impressions of habits and behaviors.

Applying Object Detection and Large Language Model to Establish a Smart Telemedicine Diagnosis System with Chatbot: A Case Study of Pressure Injuries Diagnosis System.

Background: The scarcity of medical resources and personnel has worsened due to COVID-19. Telemedicine faces challenges in assessing wounds without physical examination. Evaluating pressure injuries is time consuming, energy intensive, and inconsistent. Most of today's telemedicine platforms utilize graphical user interfaces with complex operational procedures and limited channels for information dissemination. The study aims to establish a smart telemedicine diagnosis system based on YOLOv7 and large language model. Methods: The YOLOv7 model is trained using a clinical data set, with data augmentation techniques employed to enhance the data set to identify six types of pressure injury images. The established system features a front-end interface that includes responsive web design and a chatbot with ChatGPT, and it is integrated with a database for personal information management. Results: This research provides a practical pressure injury staging classification model with an average F1 score of 0.9238. The system remotely provides real-time accurate diagnoses and prescriptions, guiding patients to seek various medical help levels based on symptom severity. Conclusions: This study establishes a smart telemedicine auxiliary diagnosis system based on the YOLOv7 model, which possesses capabilities for classification and real-time detection. During teleconsultations, it provides immediate and accurate diagnostic information and prescription recommendations and seeks various medical assistance based on the severity of symptoms. Through the setup of a chatbot with ChatGPT, different users can quickly achieve their respective objectives.

Digital clinical empathy in a live chat: multiple findings from a formative qualitative study and usability tests

BackgroundClinical empathy is considered a crucial element in patient-centered care. The advent of digital technology in healthcare has introduced new dynamics to empathy which needs to be explored in the context of the technology, particularly within the context of written live chats. Given the growing prevalence of written live chats, this study aimed to explore and evaluate techniques of digital clinical empathy within a familial cancer-focused live chat, focusing on how health professionals can (a) understand, (b) communicate, and (c) act upon users’ perspectives and emotional states.MethodsThe study utilized a qualitative approach in two research phases. It examined the expected and implemented techniques and effectiveness of digital clinical empathy in a live chat service, involving semi-structured interviews with health professionals (n = 9), focus group discussions with potential users (n = 42), and two rounds of usability tests between health professionals (n = 9) and users (n = 18). Data were examined using qualitative content analysis.ResultsExpected techniques of digital clinical empathy, as articulated by both users and health professionals, involve reciprocal engagement, timely responses, genuine authenticity, and a balance between professionalism and informality, all while going beyond immediate queries to facilitate informed decision-making. Usability tests confirm these complexities and introduce new challenges, such as balancing timely, authentic responses with effective, personalized information management and carefully framed referrals.ConclusionsThe study reveals that the digital realm adds layers of complexity to the practice of clinical empathy. It underscores the importance of ongoing adaptation and suggests that future developments could benefit from a hybrid model that integrates the strengths of both AI and human health professionals to meet evolving user needs and maintain high-quality, empathetic healthcare interactions.

Design for Embedding the Value of Privacy in Personal Information Management Systems

Personal Information Management Systems (PIMS) aim to facilitate the sharing of personal information and protect privacy. Efforts to enhance privacy management, aligned with established privacy policies, have led to guidelines for integrating transparent notices and meaningful choices within these systems. Although discussions have revolved around the design of privacy-friendly systems that comply with legal requirements, there has been relatively limited philosophical discourse on incorporating the value of privacy into these systems. Exploring the connection between privacy and personal autonomy illuminates the instrumental value of privacy in enabling individuals to live their lives autonomously, highlighting the importance of intentionally embedding the value of privacy into these systems. To translate the value of privacy into concrete design requirements, this study constructs a values hierarchy consisting of values, norms, and design requirements. After analyzing the relationships between privacy and autonomy and identifying norms, the design requirements translated from the norms associated with the components of personal autonomy are specified at the lowest layer. These requirements include a design to prevent unauthorized access and dark patterns and to provide effective and efficient notices and choices. The findings contribute to expanding the requirements for designing the aspect of privacy as a legal requirement to incorporate the value of privacy into systems.

Post-mortem information management: exploring contextual factors in appropriate personal data access after death

ABSTRACT With the increasing size and complexity of personal information and data landscapes, there is a need for guidance and support in the appropriate management of a deceased person’s postmortem privacy and digital legacy. However, most people engage poorly with existing mechanisms for specifying and planning for access and suitable usage of their own data. We report on two studies exploring the ways in which contextual factors such as the accessor and the data type may affect the appropriateness of personal data flows differently during life and after death. Our findings indicate that suitable data access after death is highly individual and contextual, with differences in appropriateness between during-life and after-death data flows significantly affected by the accessor and the data type in question. We identify that ambiguous accessor motivation, failure to communicate intent, changing temporal context and latent data values further complicate the act of digital legacy planning. Our findings also provide further evidence for the existence of a postmortem privacy paradox in which reported user behaviors do not reflect intent. With this in mind, we offer design recommendations for the integration of digital legacy planning functionality within Personal Information Management (PIM) and Group Information Management (GIM) systems.

Institutional Review Board Considerations for Clinical Trials.

To protect subjects who participate in human research, Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) play an important role in reviewing research and determining the validity of a study by comprehensively examining it for ethical issues, including invasiveness and management of personal information. They conduct regular and independent reviews to protect the health, rights, and welfare of research subjects. When we as researchers conduct clinical research, we must obtain IRB approval and submit our research for investigation of ethical issues before we begin.

Kajian Literatur Manajemen Privasi dalam Konteks Hubungan Keluarga di Facebook

The rapid development of technology makes social media an important part of the communication process. Facebook as one of the most popular social media and has many users encourages the emergence of privacy disturbances. As the number of families using Facebook increases, the risk of privacy disclosure also becomes more open in the public sphere. The management of personal data and information on social media has triggered privacy disturbances. The research team used a qualitative methodology with a literature review method to examine privacy management using the theory of Communication Privacy Management (CPM) in the family context on Facebook Social Media. The results of the study show that as owners of individual information, they apply privacy controls through privacy rules and restrictions as a way to decide what to disclose and hide on Facebook. Privacy disclosure decisions are influenced by the quality of family relationships and topics of discussion. Individuals will apply personal boundaries to information related to sex and HIV disease. Privacy controls carried out by individuals in the context of family relationships on Facebook are carried out to avoid turbulence.

Balancing Human Rights and the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Border Security in Africa

In a continent marked by its historical pursuit of secure borders, Africa now stands at a pivotal juncture, transitioning from traditional physical barriers to harnessing the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies. This transformation signifies the continent’s unwavering commitment to efficiency and innovation, yet it unveils a formidable challenge – striking a harmonious balance between the imperative of security and safeguarding of fundamental human rights and freedoms. The integration of AI in border security, with its utilization of biometric data, facial recognition, iris scanning, and more, has given rise to a host of intricate concerns, including ethical considerations such as transparency and accountability. Privacy emerges as a paramount issue as the data reservoirs amassed at border crossings raise questions about storage, accessibility, and potential misuse. The complexities of personal information management take centre stage, necessitating scrutiny over data handling, security, and safeguards against abuse. Through an examination of historical trends and a detailed analysis of past and present border security practices in Africa, this paper reviews the evolution of strategies and challenges in Africa’s border security. This investigation spotlights the continent’s adoption of AI as a cornerstone in safeguarding its borders. However, it underscores that while advancements are evident, a delicate equilibrium must be achieved. This paper argues that achieving a harmonious balance between bolstering security measures and safeguarding individual rights and freedoms, all within the framework of ethical principles is an attainable endeavor.

Information seeking and personal information management behaviors as scaffolding during life transitions: the case of early-career researchers

PurposeThe study investigates the information-related challenges as well as the practices adopted by early-career researchers during transitions between roles and institutions. Its primary goal is to delve into how information behaviors serve as scaffolding during significant life shifts. Moreover, the research aims to provide actionable insights based on this scaffolding concept for individuals navigating transitions.Design/methodology/approachThis preliminary and exploratory study took a phenomenological approach to examine the role of information seeking and personal information management (PIM) behaviors during life transitions. In-depth semi-structured interviews were held with 15 early-career researchers from various disciplines, who were about to finish their PhDs or had recently graduated.FindingsBy employing information seeking and PIM practices, participants were able to address three main information challenges that arose during the transition process: the timing of information behavior, the nature of information and the social components of the transition. The use of networked and independent information seeking/validation practices enabled to establish a sustainable network of transition-related information, reducing uncertainty. PIM practices helped planning the transition, maintaining information over the long-term and gaining control over personal information.Originality/valueThis study underscores the significance of information behaviors, encompassing both information seeking and PIM, as scaffolding mechanisms during crucial life transitions. It offers essential insights that can guide the creation of impactful interventions and resources. Additionally, the research illuminates the pressing demand for more in-depth exploration in this domain.

A Guided Tour Study of the Untidy but Inspirational PIM of Visual Artists

ABSTRACTWhile all individuals deal with increasingly large amounts of digital information in their everyday lives and professionally, prior works suggest visual artists have unique information management practices and challenges. This study therefore examined the personal information management (PIM) practices and challenges of six practising visual artists using guided tours and short interviews. It was found that the visual artists had some unique practices connected to their strong emphasis on serendipity, inspiration, and visual dimensions of information. Like non‐artists, the participants faced challenges across all phases of PIM, chiefly an excess of information and fragmented organisation, and they found it especially hard to assess how personal and valuable their information could be. After characterising this rarely discussed PIM demographic, we draw on the findings to provide concrete recommendations for artists doing PIM, for information and cultural heritage institutions, and for designers of PIM software.

Exploring Information Seeking and PIM Practices of Early‐Career Researchers: Insights into Navigating Academic Transitions

ABSTRACTThis study represents the initial phase of a broader investigation into the significance of information seeking and personal information management (PIM) practices during life transitions. It focuses on early‐career researchers who experience multiple academic transitions and aims to identify the information practices they use and their role in promoting successful life transitions. To achieve this goal, in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were held with 15 early‐career researchers who recently completed their PhDs or graduated. Findings suggest that the participants relied on iterative cycles of various information seeking and validation practices to transition between positions and academic institutions, which improved their knowledge about the transition and reduced uncertainty. Once a network of transition‐related information was established, participants began utilizing PIM practices to organize their information and plan for the transition, thereby enhancing their sense of control over their information and maintaining it over the long term in an unstable environment. The study underscores the importance of information practices during life transitions and recommends interventions such as institutional support and information skills training programs to assist early‐career researchers in challenging transitions. The subsequent study will build upon these findings to further examine the role of information behavior in facilitating life transitions.

Conversations on the Invisibility of PIM, Approaching Themes, and New Avenues of Research

ABSTRACTThis short paper reflects on previous personal information management (PIM) research using the theme of “invisible PIM.” Three scholars gathered to reflect on how this theme is relevant to their research. After comparing reflections, the following threads of invisibility are highlighted as holding potential for future exploration: the role that PIM can play in reinforcing invisibility, the concept of maintaining information over time as being more likely to be labeled as invisible labor, and a focus on non‐work experiences of sample populations. This work in progress concludes with suggestions of how reflecting on themes versus following PIM activities (a departure from previous practices for these researchers) was a useful activity to think about a future PIM research agenda.

Life and Times of Personal Information Management: Memento, Memory, or Memento Mori?

ABSTRACTThis panel/round‐table discussion will explore contemporary challenges within our everyday personal information management practices when it comes to how we select, store, and prepare our life histories for ourselves and others. With all the affordances and access provided by digital technologies, we collect information across a variety of platforms, modes, and mediums, be they documents, text files, images, or audio. Not all of this information is meaningful to us in the long‐term, but nevertheless, some of our most valuable information does get entangled in this chaos. Issues discussed include maintaining, organizing, and accessing our information, not to mention how others access what we want to pass on to them. Challenges include technological obsolescence, privacy concerns, cultural and generational changes, family dynamics, and even memory loss as we age. We will also explore solutions and propose an ‘idea box’ for how we can prepare for the future of our personal information, such as creating and implementing information legacy plans, digitization, storage, and access permissions.

AHP를 이용한 AI 스마트하우징 민원 방지 요소 중요도 도출 연구

As interest in the 4th industrial revolution technology increases, the smart housing market where AI-based smart technology is grafted into cities is gradually growing. However, technological development is still being made centered on suppliers rather than users. Therefore, in this study, civil complaints that occurred while using the literature search and smart housing service were collected to analyze civil complaint elements, and the importance of civil complaint elements was derived through AHP. Through this, we tried to create a user-friendly base by preventing civil complaints about smart housing, which will become common in the future. 
 As a result of analyzing the importance of the first layer, the order of service access (0.2880) > operational support (0.2553) > physical environment establishment (0.2447) > cost expenditure (0.2120) appeared in the order. This means that in AI smart housing, the software part, such as smart housing technology such as IoT and service use, is the most important, followed by the humanware part, such as operation and related information management, and the hardware part, such as installing smart devices and facilities. Can be seen as. As a result of analyzing the 2nd layer importance, the top 5 factors were personal information management (0.1123) > difficulty in using service (0.0945) > poor construction (0.0750) > lack of completeness of service (0.0722) > incompatibility (0.0678). It shows that it is important to ensure that users do not feel that their personal information is being exposed or that they are being monitored, and that they should plan for convenient use of integrated controllers and apps. In addition, it shows that the construction of smart devices and facilities without defects and the completeness of partnership/individual services mounted on the smart housing platform are important, and it is necessary to select devices with good compatibility when building a physical environment.

Hybrid deep learning based intrusion detection system using Modified Chicken Swarm Optimization algorithm

Web Systems which are the backbone of information resources, communications, and personal information management, attackers might take advantage of their vulnerability and beguile them to get access to sensitive data or the web servers and apps in full. Wider usage of the Internet and its features have come a long ago, with both advantages and disadvantages. The security and its side effects have been discussed by researchers in various aspects of the network. HTTP, one of the most widely used network protocols, has paid a huge price due to various intrusions like SQL injections, code injections, and cross-site scripting (XSS). To handle these intrusions, various intrusion detection algorithms have been proposed and addressed in the literature. The accuracy and timeliness of these detections has been an issue due to false positives and the amount of information that ought to be processed and delivered within a short span of time. In recent times the classic classifiers have become outdated and detecting abnormal traffic in a web system has become a hassle. In this research, we propose handling intrusion detection over a Web System using hybrid Deep Learning (HDL) based classification and robust feature extraction using a modified chicken swarm optimization algorithm (MCSO). This approach also incorporates the idea of deep learning, which makes it possible to have a peer-to-peer learning system for aberrant patterns with a fewer number of characteristics, hence reducing the amount of time needed to complete the work. In order to distinguish or classify data that the web system has to deal with, a hybrid computational intelligence-based classifier algorithm is used. The combination of the hybrid classifier is fuzzy neural network with Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) which is basically used to classify the attacks and distinguish between normal and anomalous data. The use of helps in understanding the nature of intrusions over time, which is constant and predictable, On the other hand, with the assistance of deep learning and a method called feature extraction, which pulls important information from noisy data, we can do this. Lastly, the findings of the experiments show that this technique has an excellent detection performance, with an accuracy rate that is more than 98.7%.

Secure and Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme Using Decentralized Identifier in Metaverse Environment

The metaverse provides a virtual world with many social activities that parallel the real world. As the metaverse attracts more attention, the importance of security and privacy preservation is increasing significantly. In the metaverse, users have the capability to create various avatars, which can be exploited to deceive or threaten others, leading to internal security issues. Additionally, users attempting to access the metaverse are susceptible to various external security threats since they communicate with service providers through public channels. To address these challenges, we propose an authentication scheme using blockchain, a decentralized identifier, and a verifiable credential to enable metaverse users to perform secure identity verification and authentication without disclosing sensitive information to service providers. Furthermore, the proposed approach mitigates privacy concerns associated with the management of personal information by enabling users to prove the necessary identity information independently without relying on service providers. We demonstrate that the proposed scheme is resistant to malicious security attacks and provides privacy preservation by performing security analyses, such as AVISPA simulation, BAN logic, and the real-or-random (ROR) model. We also show that the performance of our proposed scheme is better suited for the metaverse environment by providing greater security and efficiency when compared to competing schemes.

What is a File on a Phone? Personal Information Management Practices Amongst WhatsApp Users

The file, as a means of sharing structured information across time and place, has spanned centuries of ICTs. Despite much CSCW research on file management practices in organizational desktop computing settings, little research has examined how files are managed and shared using mobile devices. Our research asks, how do mobile phones and mobile applications impact the personal information management (PIM) practices involving files for young adults? In this interview and task observation study, we examined the file management practices of mobile phone users (N=25), both Android and iOS owners who use the superapp WhatsApp. Superapps like WeChat and WhatsApp are increasingly characterized as technology of life for the majority world, particularly among mobile-first users. We find that many grammars of action related to managing digital files in personal computing and email contexts persist, but participants' sharing practices are influenced by media ideologies of friends, family, colleagues; and that their file management practices are shaped by the affordances of WhatsApp, as well as mobile operating systems and device hardware constraints. These results will be useful to researchers examining collective PIM practices; mobile communication practices between users and businesses via messaging apps; and theories of personal information practices related to the sharing and storage of digital files among mobile-first cohorts who increasingly share and access information via platforms and mobile applications.

Machine Learning Applications in Sarcopenia Detection and Management: A Comprehensive Survey.

This extensive review examines sarcopenia, a condition characterized by a loss of muscle mass, stamina, and physical performance, with a particular emphasis on its detection and management using contemporary technologies. It highlights the lack of global agreement or standardization regarding the definition of sarcopenia and the various techniques used to measure muscle mass, stamina, and physical performance. The distinctive criteria employed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGSOP) for diagnosing sarcopenia are examined, emphasizing potential obstacles in comparing research results across studies. The paper delves into the use of machine learning techniques in sarcopenia detection and diagnosis, noting challenges such as data accessibility, data imbalance, and feature selection. It suggests that wearable devices, like activity trackers and smartwatches, could offer valuable insights into sarcopenia progression and aid individuals in monitoring and managing their condition. Additionally, the paper investigates the potential of blockchain technology and edge computing in healthcare data storage, discussing models and systems that leverage these technologies to secure patient data privacy and enhance personal health information management. However, it acknowledges the limitations of these models and systems, including inefficiencies in handling large volumes of medical data and the lack of dynamic selection capability. In conclusion, the paper provides a comprehensive summary of current sarcopenia research, emphasizing the potential of modern technologies in enhancing the detection and management of the condition while also highlighting the need for further research to address challenges in standardization, data management, and effective technology use.