Personal Demographic Characteristics Research Articles

Examining the relationship between demographic variables and perceived health literacy challenges in Tasmania, Australia.

Whilst there is a relationship between health literacy and health outcomes, the importance of social and personal demographic characteristics remains understudied., Identifying the factors responsible for creating health literacy challenges would help ensure that responses are tailored to individual or community needs. This survey included questions from five domains from the Health Literacy Questionnaire. Descriptive analyses and hierarchical regression were used to explore the relationship between the demographic characteristics and health literacy. Qualitative questions were subjected to thematic analysis, to identify the current barriers and proposed solutions. A total of 255 participants completed the survey. Demographic characteristics that significantly predicted lower Health Literacy Questionnaire scores were having one or more chronic health conditions and living in an area of more socioeconomic disadvantage. Participants found 'navigating the health care system' the most difficult of the five elements measured. A total of 276 individual barriers to health literacy were identified and 162 solutions proposed. This study provides an overview of our sample's health literacy and how their social demographic characteristics may predict their health literacy challenges. Findings from this study can be used to develop targeted interventions to respond to specific health literacy challenges identified within this population. SO WHAT?: Distinct from other research, whereby solutions are proposed by researchers, the participants in this study were encouraged to share their health literacy challenges and outline potential solutions to address these in their local context.

Burnout among the podiatry profession: A survey of podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Burnout and occupational stress have not yet been explored within the Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ) podiatry workforce despite research suggesting an increased risk among this population. This study aimed to: (i) determine the prevalence and severity of burnout risk and occupational stress among AoNZ podiatrists; (ii) determine the factors associated with burnout risk and occupational stress among AoNZ podiatrists; and (iii) examine the relationship between burnout risk and occupational stress. A cross-sectional online survey study was undertaken involving registered podiatrists practicing in AoNZ. Personal and professional demographic characteristics were captured. Participants also completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (assessing three domains of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment) and the Workplace Stress Scale as measures of burnout risk and occupational stress, respectively. Descriptive statistics, multiple regression analyses and correlation analyses were performed to address the research aims. Responses from 112 AoNZ podiatrists were included in the analyses. High levels of emotional exhaustion were identified in 43.8% of practitioners and were associated with physical activity status, sector of work, working in isolation and work hours (R2=0.304, F (8, N=110)=5.519, p<0.001). High levels of depersonalisation were seen in 13.4% of practitioners and were associated with patient caseload and work hours, (R2=0.183, F (4, N=108)=5.770, p<0.001). Low levels of personal accomplishment were observed in 8.9% of practitioners and associated with ethnicity, physical activity status and patient caseload, (R2=0.152, F (5, N=106)=3.577, p<0.005). A total of 27.7% of practitioners exhibited an overall moderate to high risk of developing burnout. Over a fifth of practitioners exhibited stress at severe or dangerous levels. Stress levels were significantly associated with physical activity status, sector of work and management responsibility, (R2=0.282, F (5, N=47)=3.218, p=0.15). A strong positive relationship was found between emotional exhaustion and stress (rho=0.59, p<0.001). The findings reflect a moderate to severe risk of developing burnout within the workforce, with high workloads and collegial isolation constituting the primary modifiable factors driving burnout development. To maintain retention and well-being within the workforce, mitigation strategies must be implemented to address this issue.

The use of antimicrobial dressings for the management of diabetic foot ulcers: A survey of podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are commonly contaminated with pathogenic organisms and precede most diabetes-related amputations. Antimicrobial dressings are used in the treatment of DFUs; however, recent guidelines do not support their use. There are no data describing the experience of antimicrobial dressing use among podiatrists in Aotearoa New Zealand (AoNZ). This study aimed to (i) determine which antimicrobial dressings podiatrists in AoNZ use for the management of diabetic foot ulcers; and (ii) determine what factors influence AoNZ podiatrists' use of antimicrobial dressing when managing DFUs. An anonymous cross-sectional web-based survey was undertaken. Participants were AoNZ registered podiatrists who managed DFUs in their practice. The survey included questions relating to personal and professional demographic characteristics and DFU management and dressing practices. Descriptive statistics were computed to address the research aims. Responses from 43 AoNZ podiatrists were included. Participants reported both cadexomer iodine and silver dressings were the most common antimicrobial dressings used, with honey dressings being the least frequently used. The most influential factors in choosing antimicrobial dressings when managing DFUs were the presence of current infection, ulcer exudate and ability to prevent future infection. The least influential factors in choosing antimicrobial dressings when managing DFUs were patient preferences, cost of dressings and comfort of dressing/pain on removal. AoNZ podiatrists managing DFUs primarily use antimicrobial dressings containing cadexomer iodine or silver as active ingredients, while lower-cost options, such as honey and povidone iodine are less often used. Current recommendations highlight the lack of evidence to support positive outcomes from any particular antimicrobial dressing over another and advocate that exudate control, comfort and cost be prioritised in decision-making. As cost has been an increasing burden to our healthcare funding, clinicians and organisations may consider this before purchasing and stocking expensive dressings.

Exploring&amp;nbsp; the Awareness of Mammographic Screening for Breast Cancer and Identifying Barriers to Refrain from Screening:&amp;nbsp; Mini Review of the Literature

One of the most important factors to be addressed regarding breast cancer (BC) mortality and morbidity is the identification of BC at a late stage due to a lack of awareness of early detection methods of BC. Mammography can be emphasized as a foremost vital facet in the early detection of breast cancer as a screening tool. A mini review of the literature was performed to explore the concepts of awareness of screening mammography for breast cancer under three main aspects. There, the knowledge, attitude, and practice of women in mammographic screening were focused meanwhile identifying the common barriers for women to refrain from undergoing mammographic screening for breast cancer. The studies included various categories of participants especially subcategorized under their personal history or demographic characteristics. Therefore, the correlation of these factors with their awareness level has also been focused. Further, the barriers to screening mammography encountered by women were included. Therefore, this mini-review highlights the different levels of awareness of mammographic screening among females and the common reasons for avoiding screening. It concludes the benefit of bringing the knowledge of females to a considerably positive juncture by utilizing escalating awareness programs, hence minimizing the common causes of refraining from screening mammography.

A Scoping Review on Determinants of Active Ageing in Southeast Asian Region

Many developing countries face a rapidly ageing population requiring sufficient preparation to integrate various services for enhancing healthy active ageing. However, there is a lack of evidence on the comprehensive framework of active ageing and its overall determinants, especially in the Southeast Asia region. The current review sought to understand the main determinants of active ageing to predict the indicators of active ageing in the Southeast Asia region. A scoping review is conducted by reviewing English language literature published between 2002 and 2022 in three electronic databases, including Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed, using MeSH terms, keywords, and inclusion and exclusion criteria. The review found a wide range of variables related to five determinants of healthy ageing in Southeast Asia. Participation in social, physical, learning, and labour activities is the most frequent and popular determinant of active ageing in Southeast Asia. Followed by health (health services and health status), perceived environment (neighbourhoods and housing), security (financial security, social status, and independency), behavioural (spirituality and lifestyle), and personal demographic characteristics, respectively. Overall, this scoping review contributed to the identification of comprehensive indicators ofactive ageing in Southeast Asia, including Malaysia.

Variation in radial head fracture treatment recommendations in terrible triad injuries is not influenced by viewing two-dimensional computed tomography.

We analyzed association between viewing two-dimensional computed tomography (2D CT) images in addition to radiographs with radial head treatment recommendations after accounting for patient and surgeon factors in a survey-based experiment. One hundred and fifty-four surgeons reviewed 15 patient scenarios with terrible triad fracture dislocations of the elbow. Surgeons were randomized to view either radiographs only or radiographs and 2D CT images. The scenarios randomized patient age, hand dominance, and occupation. For each scenario, surgeons were asked if they would recommend fixation or arthroplasty of the radial head. Multi-level logistic regression analysis identified variables associated with radial head treatment recommendations. Reviewing 2D CT images in addition to radiographs had no statistical association with treatment recommendations. A higher likelihood of recommending prosthetic arthroplasty was associated with older patient age, patient occupation not requiring manual labor, surgeon practice location in the United States, practicing for five years or less, and the subspecialties "trauma" and "shoulder and elbow." The results of this study suggest that in terrible triad injuries, the imaging appearance of radial head fractures has no measurable influence on treatment recommendations. Personal surgeon factors and patient demographic characteristics may have a larger role in surgical decision making. Level of evidence: Level III, therapeutic case-control study.

Predictive factors of first-time failure on the American Board of Colorectal Surgery certifying and qualifying examinations

Objective To discover if first-attempt failure of the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery (ABCRS) board examination is associated with surgical training or personal demographic characteristics. Methods Current colon and rectal surgery program directors in the United States were contacted via email. Deidentified records of trainees from 2011 to 2019 were requested. Analysis was performed to identify associations between individual risk factors and failure on the ABCRS board examination on the first attempt. Results Seven programs contributed data, totaling 67 trainees. The overall first-time pass rate was 88% (n = 59). Several variables demonstrated potential for association, including Colon and Rectal Surgery In-Training Examination (CARSITE) percentile (74.5 vs 68.0, P = 0.09), number of major cases in colorectal residency (245.0 vs 219.2, P = 0.16), >5 publications during colorectal residency (75.0% vs 25.0%, P = 0.19), and first-time passage of the American Board of Surgery certifying examination (92.5% vs 7.5%, P = 0.18). Conclusion The ABCRS board examination is a high-stakes test, and training program factors may be predictive of failure. Although several factors showed potential for association, none reached statistical significance. Our hope is that by increasing our data set, we will identify statistically significant associations that can potentially benefit future trainees in colon and rectal surgery.

Omnichannel retailing with brand engagement, trust and loyalty in banking: the moderating role of personal innovativeness

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of integration quality, perceived fluency and assurance quality on brand engagement and trust, and their impacts on brand loyalty in the omnichannel banking setting. It further explores the critical role of personal innovativeness and demographic characteristics as moderating variables for the propositions in the research model.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of 1,547 respondents was carried out with bank customers located in the three largest cities of Vietnam, who have already used at least two various transactional channels in the past. The results were analyzed by the partial least square-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique.FindingsThe findings denote that integration quality, perceived fluency and assurance quality significantly influence brand trust. Whereas, brand engagement is only affected by integration quality and perceived fluency. Further, brand engagement and trust are substantiated as critical drivers of brand loyalty in omnichannel banking. Customers with high personal innovativeness produce fewer effects of omnichannel properties on brand engagement and trust than other ones. The research context is found to be a significant moderator for the effect of perceived fluency on brand engagement.Practical implicationsThis study offers several recommendations for bank managers to develop a successful omnichannel strategy that could enhance brand engagement and trust by improving integration quality, maintaining fluency across various channels and assuring security during the transactional process. It suggests various policies to improve the effectiveness of the omnichannel model towards the clients with high innovativeness.Originality/valueThis research extends the social exchange theory (SET) theory by examining the effects of omnichannel properties on brand engagement, trust and loyalty in the banking sector. The moderating role of personal innovativeness and research context is also explored.

Dignity and Related Factors in Patients with Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dignity is a basic human right that is related to psychological distress factors in patients with cancer such as depression and demoralization. Hence, the dignity issue is of great importance to healthcare professionals. The present study aimed to advise healthcare professionals regarding the related distress factors of dignity in patients with cancer by investigating its relationship with patients' demographics, disease characteristics, and psychological distress. This was a cross-sectional study design. A convenience sample of 267 patients with cancer from a medical center was recruited into this study. Each patient completed demographics and disease characteristics questionnaires, the Patient Dignity Inventory Mandarin Version, the Demoralization Scale Mandarin Version (DS-MV), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 software. Dignity was significantly correlated with age, demoralization, and depression. Cancer patients aged 65 or above were more likely to have a lower sense of dignity. In the present study, the sensitivity and specificity of the Patient Dignity Inventory Mandarin Version for demoralization (DS-MV≥30) were 84.8% and 79.1% and for depression (PHQ-9≥10) were 73.8% and 70.9% in patients with cancer with an aggregate score of 35 or above. Dignity is significantly correlated with personal demographic characteristics and psychological distress in patients with cancer. The results provide reference data for healthcare professionals to understand and enable dignity in patients with cancer and aid in the development of methods that promote their dignity.

Overview of Navy Medicine's Limited Duty Patient Population.

U.S. Navy Medicine's temporary limited duty (LIMDU) program is the primary vehicle for managing the medical care and subsequent career outcomes of the ill and injured active component (AC) Sailors and Marines to ensure a medically ready force. Before the LIMDU Sailor and Marine Readiness Tracker System (SMART) came online, it was very difficult to examine LIMDU program administration metrics, patients' experiences during LIMDU, and their subsequent health and career outcomes. This study examined the LIMDU patient population's demographic, military career, and LIMDU-specific characteristics; identified characteristics that differed significantly by military service; and evaluated potentially modifiable factors associated with patient outcomes. A comprehensive SMART extract was used to identify all AC Sailors and Marines in active LIMDU status between October 1, 2016, and September 30, 2019. The SMART extract was merged with comprehensive administrative military personnel data by patient identifiers to create a longitudinal dataset and to conduct descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analyses for this study. The sample included 26,591 AC Sailors and Marines with complete SMART and military personnel records who ended LIMDU on or before September 30, 2019. During the study's 3-year period, Navy Medicine's rate of initial LIMDU entry by AC personnel increased each year from 2,041 in FY2017 to 2,424 in FY2019 per 100,000 personnel. At the time of initial entry, most LIMDU patients were male (76%), E4-E6 paygrades (54%), and had a single diagnosis recorded in their SMART records (66%). Pain patients (23%) constituted the largest diagnostic group, followed closely by musculoskeletal patients (23%), and then mental and behavioral health patients (20%). Variables that might reflect administration practices of the program did not differ significantly by service, suggesting good internal standardization of LIMDU administration across Navy Medicine. However, bivariate and multivariate analyses identified significant differences by service for almost all personal demographic, LIMDU-specific, and post-LIMDU military career sample characteristics measured at the last LIMDU close date or later. Study results suggested that the Navy and Marine Corps referred Sailors and Marines to start LIMDU for different medical reasons; to receive care from different military treatment facilities; to close LIMDU with different final actions; and to experience different post-LIMDU career outcomes. Navy Medicine's SMART data is an important new resource for LIMDU program evaluation and population-level patient research, despite the data limitations and concerns identified and addressed by this study. The study results provide a baseline empirical understanding about the LIMDU patient population. Further research is necessary to interrogate the validity of these results over a longer period and to initiate other lines of inquiry. While the construction of the larger project's LIMDU patient population longitudinal dataset required a significant initial investment, future dividends from ongoing work are anticipated. Results derived from verified SMART data will benefit Navy Medicine, operational commands, and LIMDU patients alike by informing continuing efforts to improve patient health and career outcomes, identify and implement best clinical and administrative practices, and optimize force readiness.

Fellows in Training Wellness in Allergy and Immunology: AAAAI Workgroup Report

Physician health and wellness can be negatively affected by burnout, which in turn can lead to multiple potential professional and personal issues. Burnout issues can start in medical school and progress during residency and fellowship, and throughout a physician's career. A previous survey of allergists and immunologists reported a burnout rate of 35%. However, there are currently few data regarding health and wellness specifically for fellows-in-training (FIT) in allergy and immunology. This workgroup report was developed to assess health and wellness among FIT in our specialty. The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology electronically distributed an anonymous questionnaire using the validated mini-Z survey to a total of 388 allergy and immunology FIT. In addition to the mini-Z items, the survey queried personal and professional demographic characteristics and included open-ended wellness questions. A total of 82 FIT completed the survey, yielding a 24% response rate. The burnout rate was 39%, which is lower than the national average among US physicians. Overall job satisfaction was 82%, and 72% reported satisfactory or better control over workload. Our results identify FIT-specific concerns in our specialty that can be used to develop tailored interventions to improve wellness and minimize burnout among this group. However, future surveys are needed to continue to address allergy and immunology FIT-specific wellness challenges.

Factors associated with job commitment among Chinese police cadets: a longitudinal study

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore factors correlated with police cadets' perceived commitment to the police profession – whether or not personal attitudes and demographic characteristics can make a difference.Design/methodology/approachThe study used two-year longitudinal data collected from a population of 207 Chinese police cadets. Survey research based on pre-designed instruments was employed to collect the data.FindingsThe results from panel data analysis found that personal interest in adolescence and attitudes toward styles of policing were significant predictors. Specifically, attitudes toward community policing were positively related to the cadets' commitment to the police profession.Originality/valuePolice occupational commitment is essential since the commitment is closely linked to voluntary retention and organizational effectiveness. However, limited empirical research has been available regarding the factors associated with officers' identification and commitment to the occupation. This study provides insight into police officer training and recruitment and offers suggestions for future research.

Determinant factors in entrepreneurial intention among Social Work degree students: the moderating effect of entrepreneurship education

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the factors that determine the entrepreneurial intention (EI) among Social Work degree students. This study considers the direct influence of personal traits, demographic characteristics, informal education and entrepreneurship education (EE) and, in addition, the possible moderating effect of EE on the other factors.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 139 undergraduate students registered in the Social Work degree offered by the University of Zaragoza (Spain) is analyzed, by using a longitudinal system based on questionnaires that were passed at two different times – before and after receiving the EE. Logistic regression models are built and estimated according to the explicative variables.FindingsThe results indicate that demographic factors, personality traits, professional experience and EE are significant factors in fostering social entrepreneurship among Social Work students. Additionally, EE has a moderating effect on the other variables, but only partially and not always positive.Practical implicationsThe entrepreneurial initiative of social workers can make a very valuable contribution through the start-up of social enterprises. The findings suggest the convenience of promoting EE in the Social Work degree, with teaching contents and methodologies adapted to social entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the interaction of educational methodologies with the other determinants does not always have a positive impact on EI.Originality/valueThis paper investigates EI in the context of undergraduate Social Work students, and this is a novel methodological approach. In addition to the analysis of the direct influence of the determinants of EI, we add the possible moderating effect of EE on the influence of the other explanatory variables.

An empirical study on Personal Factors of Employee Engagement in BPO Industry

Purpose: The paper explores Personal Factors as one of the factors of Employee Engagement of the employees. Employee's Personal factors comprises the intrinsic motivation of employees. It implies that employees are satisfied on the job. Methodology: A survey of 350 employees was conducted across 5 NASSCOM listed BPO companies. The itemized scale used in study consisted of 5 items. To understand the relationship, chi-square analysis is performed. Findings: The results indicated that there is positive association between Personal factors and Demographic characteristics of employees. Research implications In this study, the researcher will attempt to bridge the gap between theory and practice in terms of Employee engagement. The dimensions related to the Personal factor identified will form the base for further investigation in BPO Industry. Practical implications: The study will also add to the body of knowledge on Employee engagement, allowing future researchers to investigate a more comprehensive view of Employee engagement. Social implications: The study will prove to be beneficial with a Industry plagued with retention and turnover issues. Originality/Value: The study is focused towards evaluating Personal factors in terms of Employee engagement. Therefore, act as a management fad towards fixing the issues related with employees in the Industries.

Translational science: a survey of US biomedical researchers' perspectives and practices.

This national survey aimed to identify how biomedical researchers using vertebrate animals viewed issues of significance for translational science, including oversight and public engagement, and to analyze how researcher characteristics and animal model choice correlate with those views. Responses from 1,187 researchers showed awareness of, and concerns about, problems of translation, reproducibility and rigor. Surveyed scientists were nevertheless optimistic about the value of animal studies, were favorable about research oversight and reported openness with non-scientists in discussing their animal work. Differences in survey responses among researchers also point to diverse perspectives within the animal research community on these matters. Most significant was variability associated with the primary type of animal that surveyed scientists used in their work. Other significant divergence in opinion appeared on the basis of professional role factors, including the type of degree held, workplace setting, type of funding, experience on an institutional animal care and use committee and personal demographic characteristics of age and gender.

EVALUATION OF AWARENESS AND CONCERN LEVELS ABOUT COVID-19 PANDEMIC OF PATIENTS WHO ADMIT TO THE FACULTY OF DENTISTRY

In this research, it was aimed to evaluate the awareness and concerns of patients applying to the faculty of dentistry about the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine their thoughts and concerns about dental treatment during the pandemic period. The questionnaire included questions about personal demographic characteristics, concern, awareness and knowledge level related to COVID-19 disease, and also questioned their need for oral and dental health services and to what extent these needs were met. This cross-sectional survey was conducted on 517 patients. Of the patients, 44.9% knew both the symptoms of COVID-19 and prevention methods of COVID-19. The level of knowledge was higher in; females (64.7%) than males (35.3%), university graduates (57.3%) than middle and high school graduates. Those who were concerned about getting coronavirus had a significantly higher rate of hesitation about coming to dental treatment during this period compared to those who were not concerned (p&amp;lt;0.05). The majority of patients believed that the healthcare facility could prevent coronavirus transmission and 80.5% thought they could be infected from other patients in the waiting room. This study provides us important information about access to safe oral dental health services and the awareness and concern of dental patients.

Self-rated health and self-confidence among Iranian medical students, a survey in Tehran University of medical sciences

ABSTRACT Self-confidence is an attribute of the individual that enables one to have a positive or realistic view of themselves or the situations in which they exist. Investigations have shown that people with high self-confidence may have better general health. Based on our knowledge, no study has been conducted on the relationship between self-confidence and students’ health status so far in Iran. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between Self-rated health and self-confidence among students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional study was performed on 600 students of different faculties at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. To measure self-confidence, the validated personal evaluation inventory (PEI) questionnaire and demographic characteristics questionnaire, suitable for Iranian medical students was used. To measure students’ Self-rated health as a dependent variable of the study, a standard question was used. Statistical analysis was performed using multivariable logistic regression. Of the 600 students who participated in the study, 322 (53.67%) were female and 278 (46.33%) were male. The overall mean score of students’ self-confidence was 66.71% (standard deviation = 10.42). In terms of Self-rated health, most participants reported good status (69.54% in females and 65.51% in males). The results showed the probability of having good health was associated with the rising of mean scores of self-confidence. It is recommended to educational policymakers to consider general and mental health and personal relationships as factors related to self-confidence and perform the necessary interventions needed to increase the level of self-confidence among students.

Effects of tour guides’ self-efficacy levels and autonomy perceptions on their job crafting behaviours

The main purpose of the study is to determine the effects of tour guides’ self-efficacy levels and their autonomy perception levels on their job crafting behaviours. It is also aimed to determine their job crafting, self-efficacy, and autonomy perception levels. Besides, comparing guides’ job crafting behaviours in terms of their personal properties and demographic characteristics is also conducted within the framework of the study. Data were collected from 203 tour guides via survey method. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that self- efficacy and autonomy perceptions of tour guides had an effect on their job crafting behaviours. Besides, job crafting, self-efficacy, and autonomy levels of tour guides were high. Lastly, there were significant differences in job crafting behaviours of tour guides in terms of their ages, license types, experiences, and active days at work in a year.

Financial advice: Who Exactly Follows It?

Using data from about 290,000 household investment accounts, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the role of personal economic and demographic characteristics in determining the tendency to utilize financial advice. Our findings indicate that investors' sophistication level, captured using several proxies, is negatively correlated with the decision to follow the financial advice received. In addition, we find that individual differences such as age, gender and family status are strongly associated with the tendency to use the advice. The findings are robust under different distributions of the data. Finally, we also test how macroeconomic uncertainty affects the tendency to utilize financial advice. Our results demonstrate that higher levels of financial uncertainty are associated with less use of financial advice.

Knowledge, attitude and Behavior of the Moroccan Population During Covid-19

Background: Since December 2019 the world has experienced a significant spread of the Covid-19pandemic. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) onthe mental health of the population.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Morocco and was administered to a sample of702 respondents. The subject was assessed using a questionnaire containing the following information:Personal demographic characteristics, knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 outbreak, Attitude towardsCOVID-19 outbreak, Behavioral change in relation to COVID-19 outbreak, Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-4) screening questions for anxiety and depression, and finally a questionnaire related to people at riskof psychological harm from social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection began threeweeks after confinement began and lasted for five weeks, from April 10 to 08 Mai.Results: 702 participants responded to the survey. The descriptive analysis of the database showed thatthe majority of respondents were male (69.3%), aged 20 to 30 years (46.15%), with university diploma(61.25%) and employed (63.53%).Knowledge differed considerablyby level of education; however, Attitudediffered significantly according to gender and educational level. Correlations between the knowledge,attitude, behavioral behavioural, PHQ-4 and the psychological harm score shows that the variables “attitude,behavioural and Psychological harm” are significantly correlated with the PHQ-4 score, the higher the latterare the greater the last is high.In addition, the “Knowledge” variable is also significantly correlated. Thegreater the knowledge, the smaller the PHQ-4 score.Conclusion: The covid-19 pandemic is a public health problem