Personal Considerations Research Articles

Transference Leadership For Heads Educational Management In AFIF Province And Its Relation With Job Satisfaction For Educational Supervisors

The study aimed to: - Identifying with the degree of The practice of heads educational management for type of transference leadership from the views of supervisors. - Acquaintance with the level of job satisfaction of educational supervisors in Afif Educational management. - Recognizing the statistical significance relation between the practice of heads educational management degrees' in Afif Educational management for the style of transference leadership and job satisfaction of educational Study Methodology: The researcher used the descriptive method (survey ) & descriptive method (Correlative) Study Population and Sample: The study population consists of all heads educational department and educational supervisor whether they are mails or females in Educational Management of AFIF. Study Tool: The researcher built tow questionnaires, the first questionnaire to measure using of the transference leadership and it consist of two parts one is personal information anther is phrases for measuring the practice of heads educational management degrees' in Afif Educational management from the points of view of educational supervisors , also it contain forth transference leadership diminutions( typical effective, mental- excitation, personal considerations, accusatory motivation) in (39) sentences. The second questionnaire to measure the level of educational supervisors' job satisfaction in (28) sentences. Moreover, the researcher used the fifth Grading scale to measure the responses of study sample. Study Results: the results of the study can firmed the following: - The overall average of total to the degree of transference leadership applying for Heads Department (4,10) , so this is the mean between fourth category which indicated to high degree. - The general average of the responses of the study sample at the axis of educational supervisors job satisfaction for in Educational management in AFIF that is mean (3,85 over 5) indicated to (high) degree of study tool. The results proved that there is connective, direct, strong relation & statistical function at (0,01) between the practice of heads educational management degrees' in Afif Educational management for the style of transference leadership and job satisfaction of educational. Also, the result show that connective the relation between general degree of the measure of transference leadership and general degree of the measure of job satisfaction is (0,56) , so it is positive direct relation. Study Recommendations: - Encouraging and training the Heads of educational management to be attention in knowing the weakness points about their work which is hinder the transference leadership practice. - Caring of training and qualifying staff who have primitive readiness for having transference leadership properties and characters. - Necessity of hold periodical specialist courses to create leaders and trine them about modern administrative styles that make job satisfaction for personnel.

Six domains of self-care: Attending to the whole person

ABSTRACTSelf-care has long been of concern to helping professionals at risk for burnout or vicarious traumatization. In this paper we argue that the need for self-care is broader than preventing these outcomes. Instead, it requires consideration of the whole person and mindful attention and intentional efforts to achieve two general aims: to guard against or manage stress and other negative states, and to maintain or enhance well-being and overall functioning. We propose and delineate six life domains—physical, professional, relational, emotional, psychological, and spiritual—that may require attention in each person’s self-care practice, and briefly summarize some empirical findings that support self-care practices within each. We observe that self-care practice in each domain is closely bound to practice and outcomes of other domains. Steps in developing an overall self-care plan, including both maintenance and emergency practices, are also outlined. Because we believe that self-care is not a one-size-fits-all pursuit, we contend that helping professionals would benefit from examining each area of their life, and defining for themselves what self-care means and how they plan to implement their own personal practice. Above all, self-care requires a commitment to one’s own well-being as a priority.

Cosmetics’ Safety: Gray Areas with Darker Inside

Cosmetic items contain a wide scope of chemicals to which we are exposed every day. All cosmetics were separated into 3 classifications: rinse-off items (shower gel, shampoo, toothpaste, liquid soap, private soap, shaving foam) leave-on items (body cream, face cream, hand cream, antiperspirant, sunscreen, post-shaving astringent) and make-up ones (lipstick, lip-balm, foundation, nail polish).The utilization of a significant number of these substances is permitted inside specific limits, because of their toxicity at higher concentrations. Other significant viewpoints ought to be considered as, for example, the likelihood of long-term effects. In the light of the continuous and close nature of the contact on skin and mucosa with these items, it is significant that they don't contain conceivably perilous substances. Additionally, the everyday use and continuous exposition of people to a wide scope of personal consideration items and to various types of chemicals, got from a few sources, may cause the alleged "cocktail effect" because of the synergistic interaction of various substances and, likewise, the "added substance effect" in light of the nearness of a similar ingredient in numerous items. Actually, every one of the ingredients utilized in cosmetic items meet certain regulatory prerequisites. Notwithstanding, the utilization of numerous substances is permitted inside specific limits, because of their toxicity at higher concentrations.

Estudiantes de árabe de origen marroquí en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid: conciencia e identidad lingüística

espanolPresentamos los resultados de un cuestionario llevado a cabo en la Facultad de Filosofia y Letras de la Universidad Autonoma de Madrid durante el curso academico 2017-2018. Participaron en el treinta y un estudiantes de origen marroqui, siendo la mayoria del Itinerario de Arabe del Grado en Estudios de Asia y Africa. Nuestra intencion es continuar este estudio y extenderlo a otros estudiantes de arabe del resto de universidades espanolas. El cuestionario consta de cuarenta y tres preguntas que han sido divididas en estos apartados: datos personales, aprendizaje, nivel de la lengua nativa, nivel de espanol y arabe clasico, uso cotidiano de las competencias linguisticas y consideraciones personales sobre las lenguas que utilizan EnglishIn thispaper,we present the results of a survey, conductedat the Faculty of Letters of the Universidad Autonomaof Madrid, duringtheacademic year 2017-2018. Thirty-onestudentsparticipated in thesurvey;all of them are of Moroccan origin and all majoring in Asian and African Studies, Arabic philology. We aim to continue working in this direction and offer this questionnaire to other students with Moroccan background, who study at other Spanish universities. The survey consists of forty-three questions and has the following sections: personal data, learning, native languagelevel, level of Spanish and classical Arabic, daily use of language skills and some personal considerations about the languages that they know

(INVITED) Optical spectroscopy of Dy3+ in crystalline hosts: General aspects, personal considerations and some news

This paper reports the author's point of view on the state of the art concerning the optical spectroscopy of Dy3+-containing materials, based on his personal experience and without claims of completeness, but with the intent to provide useful indications or at least elements for fruitful discussions to the people working on this subject. An overview of the absorption and emission properties of Dy3+-doped crystalline lattices is presented, based on the inspection of the available literature as well as on experimental measurements. Systematic behaviors have been related to the host composition in the frame of the Judd-Ofelt approach, and the development of criteria for predicting the luminescence characteristics of new materials is discussed. Some open problems have been pointed out, evidencing weaknesses of the theoretical model still waiting for solution. Suggestions for further experimental projects are finally proposed.

Criminal liability in case of infringement of the rules on occupational safety and health and the occurrence of accidents at work – subjects of the offenses

This paper presents some specific aspects regarding criminal liability in case of infringement of the rules on occupational safety and health (OSH) and the occurrence of work accidents, referring to the object and subject of the offense according to the provisions of articles 349 and 350 of Law no. 286/2009 and of Law no. 319/2006. There are determined the active and the passive subjects involved in the occurrence of events, as well as their duties and obligations in terms of safety and health at work. Personal considerations were formulated regarding the classification of the employed staff in the category of active subjects, but also regarding the need for urgent clarification of the situation of the day workers who perform activities under Law no. 52/2011 and who can be involved in work accidents with different degrees of seriousness produced within the company.

Unlocking Bonaventure: The Collationes in Hexaëmeron as Interpretive Key

Unlocking Bonaventure:The Collationes in Hexaëmeron as Interpretive Key Junius Johnson JAY HAMMOND'S new translation of Bonaventure's Collationes in Hexaëmeron1 fills a critical gap in the availability of the Seraphic Doctor's works in English and forms the capstone of the Works of St. Bonaventure series by Franciscan Institute Publications. This text is arguably the most important of Bonaventure's works, and yet no English translation of it was in print prior to the publication of the current version. Hammond's translation is based on the text of the Opera omnia, but the hundreds of footnotes track, among other things, all the places where the competing edition of the Latin text, published by Marie Ferdinand Delorme in 1934 and surviving in only one manuscript, departs from the critical edition. The apparatus alone makes this translation a huge advance over its out-of-print predecessor by José de Vinck.2 This does not exhaust the importance of this new translation, however. In order to cause that importance to appear, it is necessary to look at several factors: (1) the importance of the text within the Bonaventurean corpus and Bonaventure scholarship, (2) the content of the text, (3) its relevance for [End Page 277] contemporary scholarly discussion, and (4) the merits of the translation itself. What follows is an attempt at a sketch that will at least convey the significance of this publication. I. The Importance of the Text The Hexaëmeron is a text whose genre is not easy to fix and whose style is striking and, for most readers, unfamiliar. Various factors contribute to this situation, and several of them are crystallizations of what is so peculiar to Bonaventure himself, namely, his ability to move easily from one genre to another and to synthesize disparate material in surprising ways. The particularities of the text combine to define its importance. First, it must be said that though this text ranges over a wide variety of topics, in most cases it does not represent Bonaventure's most complete discussion of these questions. For example, topics in philosophical theology are more fully addressed in both the Breviloquium and the commentary on Peter Lombard's Sentences, and the path to holiness is more clearly spelled out in the Threefold Way. And yet, the form of the discussions we get in the Hexaëmeron are of critical importance, for two reasons. The first is that, because they were composed in the last year of Bonaventure's life, they constitute his most mature reflection on these topics. Discussions in the Sentences commentary have to be compared to the positions Bonaventure takes here, and texts such as the Itinerarium mentis in Deum must be considered in light of passages in the Hexaëmeron where Bonaventure returns to the very parts of Dionysius the Areopagite with which the Itinerarium ends. Second, this text fulfills a unifying role within the Bonaventurean corpus, linking the work of his early years at the University of Paris with the spiritual treatises of his years as minister general of the Franciscans. It performs this task by means of its own genre and style, which resume something of the Scholastic manner of discourse, but in a mode that is changed by the intervening years. Consider, for example, conference 21, which belongs to the fourth vision (understanding elevated by contemplation). Here Bonaventure is [End Page 278] concerned with the celestial hierarchy, corresponding to the creation of the sun on the fourth day. He begins with a consideration of the Trinitarian persons, who may each be considered as they are or as they are related to the other persons. To each of these ways of thinking about the Trinitarian persons belongs an illumination: three illuminations as they are considered in themselves, and six as they are considered in relation to each other (the Father in the Son and in the Spirit, the Son in the Father and in the Spirit, the Spirit in the Father and in the Son). The six relational considerations are correlated to the six days of creation specifically through the divine speaking of "let it be; and there was made."3 Bonaventure will detail...

A National Survey of Attitudes of the Zionist Ultra-Orthodox Community in Israel to Organ Donation.

The Council of the Chief Rabbinate formally accepted neurologically declared death as an indication of death for all legal and religious purposes following changes made to practice parameters in order to comply with Jewish Law (halacha). This removed Jewish-legal barriers for organ donation. We surveyed the Zionist ultra-Orthodox community to identify the reasons for their continued reluctance to donate. A questionnaire was designed to assess personal, cultural, religious, and system-related considerations relating to organ donation. A telephone survey of persons identifying themselves with the Zionist ultra-Orthodox community was conducted to include 300 respondents (150 males and 150 females). The response rate was 5.5% (300 of 6799 approached). While most participants (79%) agreed that organ donation improved or saved lives, a minority (25%) expressed willingness to donate. The most important inhibiting factors were related to religion, namely, importance of being buried intact (84%) and donation being against halacha (46%). Most respondents (67%) would approach a religious figure for advice, and willingness to donate increased when informed that donation was permitted (68%) and supported (63%) by orthodox religious authorities. Finally, a minority (37%) perceived the allocation process to be fair and adequately supervised (36%). This study identified religious and system-related constraints as important inhibiting factors to donation, factors which were potentially modifiable. Since this community relies on their religious leaders for guidance, public support by authoritative and accepted religious leaders is required to reassure the community of the legitimacy and positive aspects of organ donation.

Penile Prosthesis Surgery in Italy: Personal Experiences, Complications and Considerations after 552 Cases

Penile Prosthesis Surgery in Italy: Personal Experiences, Complications and Considerations after 552 Cases

Granice dopuszczalnej krytyki pracodawcy

The content of the study is aimed at the analysis related to the determination of the admissible limit of criticism of the employer. Conducted considerations were based on the available literature of the subject as well as judicial decisions and personal considerations.

How LGBT+ Young People Use the Internet in Relation to Their Mental Health and Envisage the Use of e-Therapy: Exploratory Study.

BackgroundLesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth and other young people diverse in terms of their sexuality and gender (LGBT+) are at an elevated risk of mental health problems such as depression. Factors such as isolation and stigma mean that accessing mental health services can be particularly challenging for LGBT+ young people, and previous studies have highlighted that many prefer to access psychological support on the Web. Research from New Zealand has demonstrated promising effectiveness and acceptability for an LGBT+ focused, serious game–based, computerized cognitive behavioral therapy program, Rainbow Smart, Positive, Active, Realistic, X-factor thoughts (SPARX). However, there has been limited research conducted in the area of electronic therapy (e-therapy) for LGBT+ people.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore how and why LGBT+ young people use the internet to support their mental health. This study also sought to explore LGBT+ young people’s and professionals’ views about e-therapies, drawing on the example of Rainbow SPARX.MethodsA total of 3 focus groups and 5 semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 LGBT+ young people (aged 15-22 years) and 6 professionals (4 health and social care practitioners and 2 National Health Service commissioners) in England and Wales. A general inductive approach was used to analyze data.ResultsLGBT+ youth participants considered that the use of the internet was ubiquitous, and it was valuable for support and information. However, they also thought that internet use could be problematic, and they highlighted certain internet safety and personal security considerations. They drew on a range of gaming experiences and expectations to inform their feedback about Rainbow SPARX. Their responses focused on the need for this e-therapy program to be updated and refined. LGBT+ young people experienced challenges related to stigma and mistreatment, and they suggested that strategies addressing their common challenges should be included in e-therapy content. Professional study participants also emphasized the need to update and refine Rainbow SPARX. Moreover, professionals highlighted some of the issues associated with e-therapies needing to demonstrate effectiveness and challenges associated with health service commissioning processes.ConclusionsLGBT+ young people use the internet to obtain support and access information, including information related to their mental health. They are interested in LGBT-specific e-therapies; however, these must be in a contemporary format, engaging, and adequately acknowledge the experiences of LGBT+ young people.

Current and ceased users of sit stand workstations: a qualitative evaluation of ergonomics, safety and health factors within a workplace setting

BackgroundMany workplaces have implemented sit-stand workstations (SSW), which enable a worker to transition between sitting and standing as they perform their work activities. The factors which determine the initial adoption, sustainability or cessation of use for a SSW, remain largely unexamined. This study investigates the experiences of workers who had previously used or were currently using a SSW.MethodsThe study setting was within an Australian university. Participants who were current or past SSW users, as well as workplace key informants, were interviewed for the study. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed. Transcripts were coded by two researchers for concepts and themes regarding uptake and sustainability of SSW. Discussion and validation of themes was undertaken by the team of three researchers.ResultsA total of 24 interviews were conducted. Twenty-two interviews were with ceased and current users (16 current and six ceased users) and two interviews were with workplace key informants. Analysis of the interviews with current and ceased users identified three main themes: Personal considerations for use/sustainability; Posture; and Usability. Analysis of the interviews with key informants identified two themes: Considerations and concerns and Policies and procedures. Little information was provided to workers when first using a SSW. Workers who were able to adopt their working style to the new workstations were able to sustain ongoing use of a SSW. Key informants were concerned that employees believed using a SSW would provide a health benefit in its own right without an understanding of the possible risks that might be associated with use.ConclusionsSustainable usage of this type of SSW is achievable, however, it requires some element of adaptation at the individual worker level. Participants spoke about how the use of the SSW in a standing position was typically associated with the time of day, specific task selection and musculoskeletal comfort or fatigue factors. The provision of education to new SSW users with relevant supporting information by a subject matter expert should enable the worker to obtain a more holistic understanding of the safety and health risks and benefits embedded in the use of a SSW.

Self-Assessment of Attitudes of the Lithuanian and European Judo Coaches and Athletes Towards Spiritual and Moral Traits of Their Personality

The aim of the research was to identify the self-assessment of the attitudes of the judo coaches and athletes possessing different levels of mastership towards their own spiritual traits and moral behaviour. The research was based on the assumption that different levels of sport mastership as well as age might influence the self-assessment of the personal attitudes of the judo sportsmen and coaches to their own spiritual traits and moral behaviour. The research volume and organization. Following the aforementioned assumption, the four groups of the respondents were chosen: members of the Lithuanian National Youth Team of Judo (n = 20), their mean age was 17.2 ± 1.25 years; the youth elite of European judo, i.e. champions and prizewinners (n = 20), their mean age was 17.5 ± 1.6 years; Lithuanian judo coaches (n = 20), their mean age was 38.7 ± 2.8 years; and coaches of the champions and other prizewinners of contests (n = 20), their mean age was 40.5 ± 3.6 years. The main method of research was an anonymous interview in writing. A questionnaire with closed questions aiming to analyze the self-assessment of the attitudes of the Lithuanian and European judo coaches and athletes towards their own spiritual traits and moral behaviour was worked out on the basis of the semiotic models offered by J. Dailidienė (1997). The questionnaire appendices provided a clear conceptual definition of each trait (the concepts were explained on the basis of L. Jovaiša (1993 a, b) “Dictionary of Pedagogic Terms” and “Principles of Education” (1993)). The respondents were asked to mark their personal consideration of all the traits that were characteristic of them. By following Dalidienė’s suggestion, they were grouped into two blocks: the ones related with morality and the ones related with spirituality. Mathematical statistics. The data were analyzed by employing the statistic data analysis software SPSS 13.0 applying the method of descriptive statistics. The reliability of the difference between the groups was estimated on the basis of the chi square criterion. When its value was p < 0.05, the differences were regarded as statistically significant. The majority of the Lithuanian and European judo coaches and athletes included diligence (85—100%) and persistency (60—90%) into their Self-image. Lithuanian judo coaches (p < 0.05) distinguished courageousness as their common trait, whereas the European judo coaches (p < 0.05) distinguished dutifulness and fellow-feeling; a significant part of the European judo elite athletes (p < 0.05) emphasized friendliness and attentiveness.Keywords: self-assessment of judo coaches and judo athletes, spiritual features, moral features.

Social Media Advertising Trends in Tourism

Advertising in our days is moving to the social media since consumers are spending more and more time on such platforms that offer very customized information for each user. Facebook, for example, is trying to bring each person the most meaningful content, which means the advertising is ultra-customized based on the user activity and preferences, but this kind of personalisation can easily have an unpleasant side effect. The advertising for touristic destinations can become very complex by using fine-tuned campaigns triggered by user consumption patterns revealed in the digital world. By adding a button like “buy now”, the social media apps can easily integrate important e-commerce features, so the advertising of today is not only about presenting the content but also about instantly buying products and services. This paper highlights the way in which advertising messages emerging social media can quickly have a greatly improved success rate. Research methodology took as its starting point the findings of scientific studies published in the literature, the obtained results being interpreted from the perspective of the authors' personal considerations on the topic of the paper. The conclusions highlight the main trends related to increasing the success rate of advertisements in tourism by using social media and by choosing the most appropriate platforms, advertising methods and buying tools such as augmented and/or virtual reality that allow to experiment in advance a travel package, placing of advertising messages on the platforms with the greatest impact and including the direct purchase options inside the add, so that viewing the message can be immediately followed by the acquisition of the promoted services.

The role of social and cognitive variables in adolescent risk-taking

Participants were 491 high schools students in the Midwest USA. Questionnaires included risk behaviors, risk judgments, feelings of invulnerability, consideration of consequences, and perceptions of their best friend’s risk behaviors and consideration of consequences. Perceived best friends’ and personal consideration of negative consequences positively correlated with risk-behaviors for one subgroup. Cognitive variables partially mediated the relations between best friends’ risk taking/consideration of consequences and personal risk-taking for a subgroup. Consideration of personal consequences contributed the greatest amount of variance, with risk judgments and feelings of invulnerability accounting for less variance. Both social and cognitive factors played a role in risk-taking.

Specialist training aspirations of junior doctors in Sierra Leone: a qualitative follow-up study

BackgroundSierra Leone is pursuing multiple initiatives to establish in-country postgraduate medical education (PGME), as part of national efforts to strengthen the health workforce. This paper explored the career preferences of junior doctors in Sierra Leone; and the potential benefits and challenges with regards to the development of PGME locally.MethodsJunior doctors (n = 15) who had graduated from the only medical school in Sierra Leone were purposively sampled based on maximum variation (e.g. men/women, years of graduation). In-depth interviews were conducted in October 2013, and digital diaries and two follow-up interviews were used to explore their evolving career aspirations until November 2016. Additionally, 16 semi-structured interviews with key informants were held to gather perspectives on the development of PGME locally. Results were thematically analysed.ResultsAll junior doctors interviewed intended to pursue PGME with the majority wanting primarily a clinical career. Half were interested in also gaining a public health qualification. Major factors influencing career preferences included: prior exposure, practical (anticipated job content), personal considerations (individual interests), financial provision, and contextual (aspirations to help address certain health needs). Majority of doctors considered West Africa but East and South Africa were also location options for clinical PGME. Several preferred to leave the African continent to pursue PGME. Factors influencing decision-making on location were: financial (scholarships), practical (availability of preferred specialty), reputation (positive and negative), and social (children). Key informants viewed the potential benefits of expanding PGME in Sierra Leone as: cost-effectiveness (compared to overseas specialist training), maintaining service delivery during training years, decreasing loss of doctors (some decide not to return after gaining their specialist degree abroad), and enhancing quality control and academic culture of the local medical school. Major perceived challenges were capacity constraints, especially the dearth of specialists required to achieve training programme accreditation.ConclusionsThis study has provided an insight into the career preferences of junior doctors in Sierra Leone. It is timely as there is increasing political and professional momentum to expand PGME locally. Findings may guide those involved in this PGME expansion in terms of how possibly to influence junior doctors in their career decision-making.

"Will You Remember Me?": Talking with Adolescents About Death and Dying.

This article describes the preparation, rationale, and benefits of talking with adolescents who have life-threatening or life-limiting illness about advance care planning (ACP) and end-of-life concerns in a developmentally sensitive manner. The first step is to ensure that a health care provider is ready to work with adolescents in ACP discussions by taking a self-inventory, learning communication skills, and understanding individual barriers. The authors then outline how to assess patient and family readiness, including developmental, cultural, personal, and psychosocial considerations. Evidence-based techniques for respectfully and productively engaging adolescents in ACP conversations are discussed.

On Sharing Intentions, and Personal and Interdependent Privacy Considerations for Genetic Data: A Vignette Study.

Genetics and genetic data have been the subject of recent scholarly work, with significant attention paid towards understanding consent practices for the acquisition and usage of genetic data as well as genetic data security. Attitudes and perceptions concerning the trustworthiness of governmental institutions receiving test-taker data have been explored, with varied findings, but no robust models or deterministic relationships have been established that account for these differences. These results also do not explore in detail the perceptions regarding other types of organizations (e.g., private corporations). Further, considerations of privacy interdependence arising from blood relative relationships have been absent from the conversation regarding the sharing of genetic data. This paper reports the results from a factorial vignette survey study in which we investigate how variables of ethnicity, age, genetic markers, and association of data with the individual's name affect the likelihood of sharing data with different types of organizations. We also investigate elements of personal and interdependent privacy concerns. We document the significant role these factors have in the decision to share or not share genetic data. We support our findings with a series of regression analyses.

Planning considerations for persons with access and functional needs in a disaster-Part 2: Evacuation and sheltering.

Although disasters can affect anyone in a given community or region, those with access and functional needs have the highest rates of morbidity and mortality during an emergency or disaster. There are many unique and complex issues that should be considered when dealing with these individuals in a disaster situation. Who are these individuals, what specific issues should be addressed, and what recommendations can be made in order to address their unique needs? How can we include them as part of the all-hazard, comprehensive approach to disaster management? The first part of this three-part series identifies who is included in this population and what are the legal considerations that arise in caring for not only this unique group but also all of the members of the community in a disaster. The second part considers evacuation, sheltering, sheltering in place, communication, medical needs, independence, supervision, and transportation (CMIST) with a focus on mental health. The third part deals with the medical aspect of CMIST and with recommendations that may aid disaster responders and planners in caring for these high-risk individuals in a disaster.

Planning considerations for persons with access and functional needs in a disaster-Part 3: Medical CMIST and recommendations.

Although disasters can affect anyone in a given community or region, those with access and functional needs have the highest rates of morbidity and mortality during an emergency or disaster. There are many unique and complex issues that should be considered when dealing with these individuals in a disaster situation. Who are these individuals, what specific issues should be addressed when considering these members of the population, and what recommendations can be made in order to address their unique needs? How can we include them as part of the all-hazard, comprehensive approach to disaster management? The first part of this three-part series identifies who is included in this population and what are the legal considerations that arise in caring for not only this unique group but also all of the members of the community in a disaster. The second part considers evacuation, sheltering, sheltering in place, communication, medical needs, independence, supervision, and transportation (CMIST) with a focus on mental health. The third part deals with the medical aspect of CMIST and with recommendations that may aid disaster responders and planners in caring for these high-risk individuals in a disaster.