Personal Context Research Articles

Mixed Cultural Visits or What COVID-19 Taught Us

When the majority of museums and other cultural institutions were shut down due to the pandemic, mixed museum visits became a hot issue. After the pandemic, mixed visits, in the opinion of many experts, would become the new norm for experiencing cultural content. Diverse types of mergers between online and onsite visits have already begun to be investigated by researchers, with the purpose of not only avoiding the spread of disease but also of enabling visits of people who were previously excluded, such as persons in remote geographic areas or people with mobility challenges. In fact, over the last three years, there have been rapid developments in mixed visits in cultural heritage sites. The current work takes into account a contextual model of museum learning to define potential use scenarios for visits from people of different cultural backgrounds and offers an evaluation of current practices. The new model that emerges, the contextual model of mixed visits, allows for the further study of the field, as it attempts to describe recent research efforts in four main contexts: mixed visits in the personal context, mixed visits in the socio-cultural context, mixed visits in the physical context, and temporality of mixed visits. Inductive analysis of a literature review allowed the extraction of relevant themes, examples from museums, as well as extraction of guidelines.

Future-mindedness on homeless and beggars undergoing rehabilitation

Homelessness and beggary are social problems, particularly for urban community. The Indonesian government has long used rehab centers to train vagrants and beggars to be fully functioning members of society. Future-mindedness is one of the life-attitudes that the homeless and beggars are to learn to adopt. Using the case study approach, this qualitative psychological research explores future-mindedness among vagrants and beggars undergoing rehab programs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with four participants and two of their significant others. The thematic analysis conducted on the interview data produced three key findings: a) the circumstances that had helped bring about beggary and vagrancy; b) the ways the beggars and vagrants learned to plan their lives; and c) the factors that enabled them to think about the future. This study concludes that employment, place of residence, and family life formed the center of these people’s future plans. Rehab programs—if they are to succeed—must take into account both the personal context and the social environment in which beggars and vagrants have lived their lives and are learning to re-think their futures.

H02 The Foundling-Chapel brawl 1804: Robert and Mary Willan, trial by social media

Abstract The social media of the late 18th and early 19th centuries was no less humorous, critical and potentially personally destructive than now, despite its form, distribution and time frame being quantitatively different. Cartoons and prints, broadsheets, leaflets and pamphlets were widely distributed by hand for sale cheaply, being passed on for maximal effect. Gillray, Rowlandson and the Cruikshanks were the masters of these media, but others were prolific and no less accomplished at targeting royalty, religions, politicians and individuals of particular merit, such as physicians. One such satirical caricaturist and pamphleteer was James Sayers (1748–1823), a favourite of Prime Minister William Pitt. In 1804, he wrote a verse satire, attacking Dr Robert Willan (1757–1812) and his wife Mary (1770–1844) after an incident in the Chapel at The Foundling Hospital (Nichols RH, Wray FA. History of the Foundling Hospital. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1935), where his sister Elizabeth was in dispute with them over the occupancy of a pew (pews were rented by the hospital governors on an annual basis). They were both subjected to a clever—not always subtle—diatribe for some 2 years about their personal and professional integrity, including their religion. Willan was described as a ‘learned leech’, with the implication that this successful physician was not just bleeding patients therapeutically, but also financially. His patients were ‘scabby’ and therefore detestable, and he was a lesser man because he was no longer a Quaker. For Mary, there were intimations about her temperament, her motives for marriage and her personal hygiene. The recently married couple had moved from 14 Bloomsbury Square to nearby number 10, with her two daughters by her previous marriage. There, their son Richard was born in 1802. Robert Willan withdrew from his work at the Carey Street Dispensary in 1803. Re-reading this rare publication by Sayers, which may seem a negative satire, inadvertently provides clues to the personal and social context of the Willan’s early married life.

MultiTLS: using multiple and diverse ciphers for stronger secure channels

Computer communication is at the foundation of how the modern world works, connecting people and machines over public infrastructure. For this reason, communication is exposed to attacks, either by passive listening, or by active interference in the communication. Security protocols like TLS (Transport Layer Security) play a crucial role in ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of the communication. However, like in all technologies, there may be flaws in the design, implementation, or cryptography of TLS that compromise the security of the communication channel. Remediation of such vulnerabilities takes time, leaving valuable services exposed to potential attacks. In this article, we present MultiTLS, a middleware based on cipher diversity and network tunneling that enables secure communication even when new vulnerabilities are discovered. MultiTLS creates a secure communication tunnel through the encapsulation of k TLS channels, where each one uses a different cipher suite. This approach allows the communication channel to remain protected, even when k−1 cipher suites become vulnerable, because of the remaining cipher suite. The diversity of cipher suites tolerates cryptography faults. We evaluated the implementation of MultiTLS and concluded that it is easy to use and to maintain up-to-date, since it does not require code changes to any of its dependencies. We also evaluated its performance in practical use cases and proved that it is viable an useful for various personal and corporate contexts using Internet communications.

Resilience practices among a broad spectrum of individuals with physical disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative photo elicitation study.

This community-based study explored resilience practices among people living with physical disabilities (i.e., stroke, spinal cord injury, and other physical disabilities) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this photo elicitation study, during 1:1 interviews, participants shared and described photos that reflected their pandemic-related experiences. Data were analyzed thematically to identify resilience-related practices. Our analysis revealed three themes: (1) reflecting on the importance of family, friends, and community (e.g., recalling past memories and strengthening existing connections); (2) engaging in social and recreational activities (e.g., experiencing the outdoors and gardening); and (3) reframing personal contexts and social environment (e.g., adjusting to new social norms and overcoming physical barriers to navigating safely during the pandemic). The resilience that participants identified encompassed not only individual strategies but also family and community supports. Resilience can be fostered through community initiatives that support more equitable responses to health emergencies for people with disabilities.

Shedding Light on the Hidden Curriculum: A Systematic Review of Ethics Education during General Surgery and Subspecialty Training

Ethics education in surgical residencies is often delivered in an informal and nonstructured manner as part of a "hidden curriculum", leading to few residencies routinely including it in their core curriculum. This systematic review aimed to summarize the delivery modes, curriculum, structure, and effectiveness of ethics educational interventions for surgical trainees. We performed a comprehensive database search including MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus and CENTRAL to search for articles describing the implementation of ethics educational interventions for general surgery or subspecialty trainees. A total of 14 studies were included. Only 2 centers performed targeted needs assessment. Curricula covered included informed consent, the doctor-patient relationship, breaking bad news, decision-making, end-of-life care, conflicts of interest, considering patients' personal contexts, and surgical research ethics. Modes of delivery varied across studies, including case-based learning, group discussions, didactic lectures, reading material, role-playing, simulated patients, and ethics morbidity and mortality (M&M) meetings. Evaluations were most commonly via surveys exploring knowledge and self-reported confidence, with only 3 studies measuring actual trainee performance using objective structured clinical examinations. In general, the educational interventions increased trainees' confidence/preparedness in handling ethical dilemmas. We recommend comprehensive local needs assessment to guide curricular development and designing specific learning objectives and measurable milestones to ensure evaluation. Educational interventions are best delivered in a graduated manner with the complexity of the topic mirroring residents' real-life clinical responsibilities and experiences. Teaching modalities should be tailored according to the nature of the curricular content being taught to make the learning experience more interactive and effective.

Challenges, coping and support during student placement abroad: A qualitative study

Background During placements abroad, healthcare students are confronted with different personal and professional challenges, related to participation in practice. This study investigates when and how students respond to such challenges, and which coping and support mechanisms students use to overcome these. Methods Twenty-five international students shared their experiences about physiotherapy placement in The Netherlands. Using a critical incident technique, we asked participants to recall events where participation was affected by an unforeseen situation, in or outside the clinic. Further, we explored students’ strategies of seeking support within their social network to overcome individual challenges. Two researchers applied thematic analysis to the interview data, following an iterative approach. Team discussions supported focused direction of data collection and analysis, before conceptualizing results. Results Participants described a wide range of challenges. The scope and impact level of challenges varied widely, including intercultural differences, language barriers and inappropriate behaviour in the workplace, students’ personal context and wellbeing. Mechanisms employed by students to overcome these challenges depended on the type of event (personal or professional), making purposeful use of their available network. Conclusion Students involve clinical staff, peers, family and friends during placement abroad, to make deliberate use of their support network to overcome challenges in participation, whereas the academic network remains distant. Findings may help reflect on the roles and responsibilities of academic staff and other professionals involved with placements abroad. Healthcare programmes should ensure support before, during and after placement is within students’ reach.

How do Portuguese young adults engage and use m-apps in daily life? An online questionnaire survey

The rise of the mobile era has brought ubiquity in media access, constant connection to other people and interconnectedness with devices as part of life. Considering mobile devices and mobile applications (m-apps) as an environment that allows multitasking, this article is interested in understanding the performance of popular m-apps in the daily lives of young adults in Portugal. It is also focused on how these apps relate to their personal contexts and experiences. To this end, an online questionnaire survey was conducted using a quantitative-extensive methodological strategy. The research involved applying a set of data collection questions to a representative sample of Portuguese young adults (N = 1500) aged 18-30. The results show that more than 90% of Portuguese young adults use m-apps every day, emphasising social media applications (daily use between 81,32% and 91,21%). It is also important to note that the use of m-apps dialogues with their personal contexts is substantially different from the perceived relevance of apps. Social and entertainment apps are more consumed and show an extension of the self that is not perceived to be as important as apps with social uses.

Pickled eggs: GenerativeAIas research assistant or co‐author?

Pickled eggs: Generative<scp>AI</scp>as research assistant or co‐author?

Managing Tasks across the Work–Life Boundary: Opportunities, Challenges, and Directions

Task management tools allow people to record, track, and manage task-related information across their work and personal contexts. As work contexts have shifted amid the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become important to understand how these tools are continuing or failing to support peoples’ work-related and personal needs. In this article, we examine and probe practices for managing task-related information across the work–life boundary. We report findings from an online survey deployed to 150 information workers during Summer 2019 (i.e., pre-pandemic) and 70 information workers at the same organization during Summer 2020 (i.e., mid-pandemic). Across both survey cohorts, we characterize these cross-boundary task management practices, exploring the central role that physical and digital tools play in managing task-related information that arises at inopportune times. We conclude with a discussion of the opportunities and challenges for future productivity tools that aid people in managing task-related information across their personal and work contexts.

Detecting SPIT Attacks in VoIP Networks Using Convolutional Autoencoders: A Deep Learning Approach

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology that enables voice communication to be transmitted over the Internet, transforming communication in both personal and business contexts by offering several benefits such as cost savings and integration with other communication systems. However, VoIP attacks are a growing concern for organizations that rely on this technology for communication. Spam over Internet Telephony (SPIT) is a type of VoIP attack that involves unwanted calls or messages, which can be both annoying and pose security risks to users. Detecting SPIT can be challenging since it is often delivered from anonymous VoIP accounts or spoofed phone numbers. This paper suggests an anomaly detection model that utilizes a deep convolutional autoencoder to identify SPIT attacks. The model is trained on a dataset of normal traffic and then encodes new traffic into a lower-dimensional latent representation. If the network traffic varies significantly from the encoded normal traffic, the model flags it as anomalous. Additionally, the model was tested on two datasets and achieved F1 scores of 99.32% and 99.56%. Furthermore, the proposed model was compared to several traditional anomaly detection approaches and it outperformed them on both datasets.

RUANG LINGKUP PERKEMBANGAN MORAL SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR

The development of children in the elementary age period must be guided and fostered, this development must continue to be jointly guarded by parents, teachers and the community. Based on this, it is necessary to know that the moral development of elementary school age children. This research is a qualitative research using literature study method. The data source used is a source of literature relating to the moral development of elementary school students. The data analysis is a descriptive analysis using the following methods: reducing data, analyzing data and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, the results of this study indicate that the moral development of elementary school-age children is influenced by internal and external factors. These factors can be in the form of environmental situations, individual or personality contexts, and social contexts or ways of interacting with the surrounding environment in society. This proves that it is necessary to have the role of parents or educators who understand the factors that influence children's moral development, so that they can guide children to be able to behave in good morals in the future.

How Personal, Experiential, and Contextual Factors Mediate EFL Teachers’ Conceptions of Assessment: A Narrative Study

Abstract While prior research suggests that teachers’ conceptions of assessment (CoA) are influenced by their personal characteristics, experiences, and specific sociocultural contexts, how these factors influence teachers’ CoA is still underexplored. This narrative study explores what teachers’ CoA are, as well as how influential factors mediate their CoA by drawing on data from narrative frames with 48 high school EFL teachers in China. Findings reveal that teachers commonly endorsed the improvement-oriented purpose of assessment. A range of factors is found to have exerted influences to different degrees on these conceptions, including personal factors (i.e., teachers’ agency in assessment), experiential factors [i.e., (anti-)apprenticeship of observation about assessment], and contextual factors (i.e., exam-oriented culture). These findings are discussed in terms of how teachers negotiate the improvement- and accountability-oriented purposes of assessment, as well as how teachers’ CoA are shaped by teacher agency, emotional experiences as assessees, and the exam-oriented culture. This paper concludes with implications for research on teachers’ CoA and policy, practice, and professional development of teacher assessment literacy.

Shadow of Personal Fear? The Role of Personal and Altruistic Fear of Cyberharassment

Fear of crime is a social problem that outpaces crime itself, particularly when fear is expressed altruistically for others. Despite this, few studies consider whether the correlates of fear are expressed differently across personal and altruistic contexts, and whether the correlates of these fears for cyberharassment differ across genders—a potentially gendered crime. Using data from two samples collected via randomized vignette design on Amazon’s MTurk (439; 419), logistic regression findings indicate that determinants of personal and altruistic fear of cyberharassment differ, and that altruistic fear is rooted in women’s personal fears. Findings indicate that altruistic fears of cyberharassment may stem from a “shadow of personal fear,” and indicate the need for further research examining this association across contexts.

Meaning making and relatedness: exploring critical data literacies on social media

PurposeThe goal of this study is to explore how content creators engage in critical data literacies on TikTok, a social media site that encourages the creation and dissemination of user-created, short-form videos. Critical data literacies encompass the ability to reason with, critique, control, and repurpose data for creative uses. Existing work on critical data literacies on social media has focused on understanding of personal data, critique of data use, and strategies to protect privacy. This work focuses on how TikTok content creators repurpose data to construct their own narratives.Design/methodology/approachThrough hashtag search, the authors created a corpus of 410 TikTok videos focused on discussing environmental and climate action, and qualitatively coded the videos for data literacies practices and video features (audio, footage, background images) that may support these practices.FindingsContent creators engaged in multiple practices to attach meanings to data and situate environmental and climate action discourse in lived experiences. While there were instances of no data practices, we found cases where creators compiled different data sources, situated data in personal and local contexts, and positioned their experiences as data points to supplement or counter other statistics. Creators further leveraged the platform’s technical features, particularly the ability to add original audio and background images, to add narratives to the collective discourse.Originality/valueThis study presents a unique focus on examining critical data literacies on social media. Findings highlight how content creators repurpose data and integrate personal experiences. They illustrate platform features to support data practices and inform the design of learning environments.

Sharing in the echo chamber

Social media platforms have had a tangible effect on how users share information and their digital literacy skills. Infographics are often shared on Instagram, but they harbour the potential for misinformation. Users do not always research posts before sharing, and the social nature of the site influences user behaviour. Current digital literacy theories highlight the need to integrate digital technologies into traditional information literacy theories, because technologies are increasingly central to everyday life and information consumption. In this article, I investigated digital literacy from a user perspective, examining how users’ digital literacy skills interact with their sharing of infographics. I also examined how infographics are used for activism, and the social and visual affordances of Instagram, which helped to dictate the users’ relationship with digital literacy. I conducted a qualitative study consisting of interviews with six participants. Participants were asked about their Instagram behaviour, infographic selection, and how they judge the reliability of an infographic before sharing. Participant responses were analysed using a grounded theory approach. Responses revealed that users are familiar with traditional concepts of information literacy, such as referencing sources, but often prioritise other areas, such as the social and personal contexts of an infographic when deciding what to share. Users also dialogue with online followers using visual imagery and activism. These sharing practices are contextualised within Instagram affordances and the behaviours the platform enables and constrains. The study is novel in examining digital literacy as enacted through Instagram, specifically the use of infographics, while also foregrounding the user perspective. The results emphasise the need to consider user perspectives in digital literacy whether conducting research or teaching.

Sleep ‘self help’ books: autobiographical evaluations and personal entanglements with reading professional advice books on young children’s sleep. An exploration of the journey through early parenting and managing sleep through two mothers-as-researchers perspectives.

This article reports on two researchers’ experiences of navigating children’s night-time sleep, in relation to reading best-selling parenting books, published by professionals in the UK in the last 20 years. We felt we were ‘getting it wrong’ where we so badly wanted to ‘get it right’ for our children, because they did not sleep like the books described: silent, solitary, separate and for 12 uninterrupted night-time hours. It was also not possible to ‘read’ the advice without owning our own positionality: in particular our classed, professional identities. Perhaps this is always the case in research, and we should ‘treat our bias as a resource’ as seminal life history work urges. We found we could not but take the advice personally, which tended to focus on behaviour-orientated strategies within the routines and rituals around night-time sleep. We harness an under-studied approach within Early Childhood research, Reader-Response theory, which argues reading is a transaction; the reader brings personal context to the text at the same time as gleaning information from it. Seeing reading as a transaction helps us understand how our identities feed into our reading: our readings shape, but also are shaped by our contexts.

The Role of Information Technology in Z Generation Behavior Change in Dealing with Conflict

Developments in information technology such as the Internet, social media, and mobile devices have provided broad and immediate access to information and social interaction. However, the impact of information technology on the behavior of the Z Generation in dealing with the conflict still needs to be studied in depth. This study aims to explore the role of information technology in changing the behavior of the Z Generation in dealing with conflict. The Z Generation, which consists of individuals born between 1995 and 2010, grows and develops amidst the rapid advances in information technology. This study will use a qualitative approach by collecting data through in-depth interviews and participatory observation. Research participants will consist of Z Generation individuals who actively use information technology in their daily lives. This study will analyze the role of information technology in changing the behavior of the Z Generation in dealing with conflict, both in personal, social, and environmental contexts. Factors such as fast access to information, the influence of social media, and the ability to communicate virtually will be explored in relation to changes in the behavior of the Z Generation. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide better insight into how information technology influences the way Z Generation deals with conflict, as well as the implications of the change in behavior. The results of this research are expected to contribute to our understanding of how information technology can be used effectively in supporting the social and personal development of the Z Generation in dealing with conflicts in the digital era.

Acknowledging Inspirations in a Lifetime of Shifting and Pivoting Standpoints to Construct the Past

In this Perspective article, I am able to draw the various strands of my intellectual thinking and practice in archaeology and European prehistory into a complex narrative of changing themes. In this narrative, I draw attention to the inspirational triggers of these transformations to be found in works and words of colleagues and events within and outside my immediate discipline. A group of events between 1988 and 1993 disrupted (in a good way) the trajectory of my professional life and provided a convenient anchor around which my themes pivoted and regrouped with very different standpoints. But some trends in my way of working remained constant and contributed, I hope, to a career of cumulative knowledge. Along the way, I show the significance, in terms of my personal intellectual context as well as archaeological practice in general, of my published works as well as more obscure and some unpublished works that are cited here for the first time.

A cross-sectional study to assess the quality of life among cancer patients in a tertiary care hospital in a metropolitan city

Background: Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Quality of life measures have now become a vital part of health outcome appraisal and an effective way of capturing the personal and social context of patients. The diagnosis of cancer brings many challenges, with a major concern being maintaining the highest quality of life possible during and after the experience. The objectives of the study were to assess the health-related quality of life among cancer patients and also to study the effects of type of cancer and treatment received after one month on their quality of life. Methods: It was a descriptive, cross sectional and hospital-based study. Total duration of study was 6 months (August 2019-February2020), conducted in Oncology department of a Tertiary care hospital. A total of 90 cancer patients were selected as study subjects and interviewed by a validated SF-36 questionnaire. Results: A total of 90 cancer patients were included in the study, of which 18 were males and 72 were females and majority were in the age range of 40-60 years. 75% of cancer patients were living a below average quality of life. The study population had different types of cancers. Among females 50% patients were suffering from CA Breast and remaining patients were suffering from different types of cancer. Conclusions: Most of the patients who came to the oncology department of tertiary care hospital during our period of study had low quality of life.