AbstractObjectiveThe SLC11A1 (formerly called NRAMP1) gene is important in natural resistance to a variety of intracellular infections mediated by macrophages and has been proposed as a candidate gene for autoimmune disease susceptibility. The aim of this study was to examine susceptibility in Finnish patients with persistent oligoarticular and polyarticular rheumatoid factor (RF)–negative juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) due to the presence of the SLC11A1 locus on chromosome 2.MethodsA total of 234 Finnish JIA nuclear families and 639 elderly Finnish controls without a history of JIA were evaluated for association with JIA at 3 intragenic single‐nucleotide polymorphisms: an intragenic insertion/deletion, a promoter microsatellite (NRAMP1), and a 3′ microsatellite (D2S1471).ResultsAnalysis of marker haplotypes demonstrated a strong association of Finnish JIA with 6‐marker, 4‐marker, and 2‐marker haplotypes. Most impressively, 1 of the 6‐marker haplotypes showed an odds ratio (OR) of 4.0 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.6–6.2) in all JIA patients, 3.5 (95% CI 1.9–6.5) in those with persistent oligoarticular JIA, and 4.1 (95% CI 2.5–6.7) in those with polyarticular RF‐negative JIA. Stratification of the haplotype data suggested that susceptibility to JIA in the haplotype spanning the SLC11A1 locus is independent (P < 0.01) of an association with a DRB1 JIA shared epitope (DRB1*JIASE) that includes well‐characterized strong susceptibility to DRB1*08 and *11 alleles. This SLC11A1 haplotype also had an additive effect with DRB1*JIASE in those with polyarticular, but not those with persistent oligoarticular, disease (P = 0.06, OR 2.9 [95% CI 0.9–9.2] versus P = 0.5, OR 1.6 [95% CI 0.4–6.0]).ConclusionTaken together, these data provide support for the existence of a locus at or near SLC11A1 that is a strong susceptibility factor for JIA in Finnish patients.