The sedimentary basins of the Ural-Mongolian mobile belt fall into two groups: near-geosynclinal folded and intrageosynclinal folded. In the present structural plan the first group includes two planetary-scale belts of oil and gas accumulation, the Ural and Yenisey. The main regional oil- and gas-bearing complexes of the Ural belt are transgressive middle Devonian-early Frasnian clastic rocks, containing up to 18-20% initial oil and gas reserves in categories A + B + Ci + C2; regressive-transgressive early-middle Visean clastic formations (12-15%); inundational Bashkirian-Visean (22-25%) and Late Carboniferous-Early Permian (21-25%) carbonate rocks. The main regional oil- and gas-bearing complexes of the Yenisey belt are related to mainly clastic transgressive Vendian-early Cambrian rocks (40-50% of initial potential hydrocarbon reserves) and inundational Cambrian evaporite-carbonate formations (up to 25%). All the epi-geosynclinal sedimentary basins belong to the second group; they are mainly heterogenet...