Permanent Location Research Articles

An Ideographic Analysis of Native American Sovereignty in the State of Utah: Enabling Denotative Dissonance and Constructing Irreconcilable Conflict

In 1990, the Office of Nuclear Waste Negotiation under the direction of the federal government sought a community to voluntarily store nuclear waste. The program, known as Monitored Retrievable Storage (MRS), would temporarily store 40,000 metric tons of spent nuclear fuel within a designated community until a permanent storage location could be determined. In 1992, the Goshute Tribe, located on the Skull Valley Goshute Reservation in southwest Utah, submitted a grant application and was awarded $100,000 to investigate the benefits and impacts of implementing the MRS program on their reservation. Since then, the Goshute Band has leased land to a private group of electrical utilities for the temporary storage of the spent nuclear fuel. The tribe, along with the out-of-state utility companies, is in the process of transporting the nuclear fuel to the Goshute Reservation. Targeting a Native American tribe to store nuclear waste is not specific to the Goshutes. Tribes in the United States are increasingly p 43 targeted by governments and corporations to consider the economic possibilities of storing nuclear waste on their reservations. The Pine Ridge Sioux, Chippewa, California Campo, Mescalero Apache, Northern Arapaho, Fort McDermitt Paiute-Shoshone, Lower Brule Sioux, Chickasaw, Sac and Fox, Alabama-Quassarta, Ponca, Eastern Shawnee, Caddo, Yakima, and others have either been approached or have applied

An approach to the reconstruction of true concentration profile from transient signal in spatially resolved analysis by means of laser ablation ICP MS

A transient analytical signal caused by continuous ablation with moving (line scan) or permanent (depth profiling) beam location was approximated by means of superposition of single-shot responses. The evolution of the parameters of single-shot response was used to reveal the true concentration profile of spatially inhomogeneous samples. The role of an ablation cell as an integrator of ablation shots has been considered and the effect of ablation cell volume on the analytical characteristics has been elucidated.

Proliferation and migration of glial precursor cells in the developing rat spinal cord.

The mechanisms that control the production and differentiation of glial cells during development are difficult to unravel because of displacement of precursor cells from their sites of origin to their permanent location. The two main neuroglial cells in the rat spinal cord are oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Considerable evidence supports the view that oligodendrocytes in the spinal cord are derived from a region of the ventral ventricular zone (VZ). Some astrocytes, at least, may arise from radial glia. In this study a 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay was used to identify proliferating cells and examine the location of proliferating glial precursor cells in the embryonic spinal cord at different times post BrdU incorporation. In this way the migration of proliferating cells into spinal cord white matter could be followed. At E14, most of the proliferating cells in the periventricular region were located dorsally and these cells were probably proliferating neuronal precursors. At E16 and E18, the majority of the proliferating cells in the periventricular region were located ventrally. In the white matter the number of proliferating cells increased as the animals increased in age and much of this proliferation occurred locally. BrdU labelling showed that glial precursor cells migrate from their ventral and dorsal VZ birth sites to peripheral regions of the cord. Furthermore although the majority of proliferating cells in the spinal cord at E16 and E18 were located in the ventral periventricular region, some proliferating cells remained in the dorsal VZ region of the cord.

The permanent location of the National Office of the Australian College of Midwives

The permanent location of the National Office of the Australian College of Midwives

THE ORGANISATION OF EXTERNAL RESOURCES THROUGH GUEST ENGINEERS

This paper describes exploratory research which investigates the scope, nature, role and activities of guest engineers. Guest engineers are an inter-firm organisational mechanism which is usually deployed as a compromise between the total outsourcing of design on the one hand, and the total in-house development of products on the other. A classification of guest engineers is presented based on their permanent (or semi-permanent) location and the main focus of their engineering expertise. Four types of guest engineer are identified — the pure form of which is termed the guest design engineer (GDE). Suppliers of GDEs, together with their hosts, are examined to identify their most significant activities and tasks. These are divided into clusters of similar activities which are assessed according to their relative importance and relative performance. Differences are found between suppliers' and customers' perceptions of both the importance and performance of each of these cluster activities. In addition, three sets of significant role design decisions are identified: the scheduling of GDEs; the nature of the required skills; and the direct activities of GDEs during the development process itself.

SHOPPING ALBANIAN MARKETS: CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND RETAIL STRATEGY

This paper presents the results of survey research conducted in 1994 and 1995 on consumer perceptions of different retail formats in Albania. As a developing country where consumers and retailers are learning to adjust to a new market system, Albania presents a unique context for this type of study. We measured consumer perceptions of merchandising and customer service attributes and overall satisfaction for private stores with a permanent location, kiosks, and open market vendors. Contrary to other studies of informal retailers, our results show that open market vendors and, to a lesser extent, kiosks provide consumers with less overall satisfaction as compared to the permanent, private stores. Since these markets are segmented to a certain extent by product type, consumers shopped across all markets. Over time, consumers are becoming more confident of their decision skills, product quality has become more important, and permanent private stores were perceived as improving in merchandising and service. However, shopping frequency in the open market increased due to the economic situation. Implications for both Albanian entrepreneurs and potential foreign investors are discussed.

The Advanced Photon Source Metrology Laboratory

The Advanced Photon Source (APS) Metrology Laboratory is now operational in its permanent location in a cleanroom environment on the Experiment Hall floor of the APS site. The Metrology Laboratory will provide characterization of the figure and finish of x-ray optical surfaces for the user community using visible light instrumentation. Three noncontact instruments are now available for measuring surface features with lateral resolution from less than a micron to lengths of 2 meters and with a vertical resolution as small as an Angstrom. This paper gives a brief description of the three instruments used to cover this spatial frequency range and other associated issues, such as the environment and cleanliness of the laboratory.

Branson: The New Mecca of Country Music

Branson, Missouri is a country music center that has evolved through three stages of development: use of local talent, introduction of nationally-recognized veteran performers, and an infusion of a younger generation of stars. For the country music artist, Branson provides a music setting historically associated with traditional country music, an opportunity to perform on a regular basis in a permanent location, cultural and physical landscapes ideally suited for establishment of residence, and investment possibilities. For the country music fan, Branson's advantages over Nashville, Tennessee include lowcost, family-type entertainment clustered in one area, multiple theaters with greater seating capacities, and additional tourist-oriented amenities. If you like country music in the city, you'll love country music in the country— Ozark Mountain Country

Sypialnie Wrocławia w X-XII wieku

In the colloquial language of today the term „bedroom" denotes a place primarily used for sleeping. Its origins go back in Wroclaw at latest to the turn of the 10th/11th centuries or to the early 11th century coeval with the origin of the town. A room of that period, divided into two parts by a wall of wattle, is used here as a point of reference. The bedroom may have been at least 2.20 m long with the floor space of 1.7 m2 to 4 m2. A heap of birch bark or an oblong box may have served for sleeping. Another sleeping accomodation in Wroclaw of the 11th and 12th centuries was a board of a size adequate for the human body. Two or more boards placed side by side are regarded as so many beds for the whole family. Children slept in pens. In the poorest houses people slept on matted straw. Sleeping on benches was quite popular in the Early Middle Ages. In the 10th and in the next two centuries sanitary conditions of resting and sleeping (excluding bedding) on Ostrów Tumski in Wrocław seem to have been distinctly differentiated, representing at least three levels. This was presumably due to the differences in wealth and status of the population living there in the early part of the 10th century. A room with a bed isolated from the common room at the turn of the 10th/l1th centuries was here a crowning achievement. Beds for adults and children placed side by side indicate simpler needs. They either formed a block possibly enclosed by a curtain of soft fabric or ran along the wall. The poorest beds were made on the floor on a bundle of straw or moss. Their permanent location in a particular part of the room does not seem always probable.

The Amsterdam Archive

Six o'clock, a warm September evening; I sit in a closet of a hotel room in Amsterdam. What am I doing here? Away from my family, strange place, strange city. I'm visiting the Amsterdam Archive, the International Institute for Social History. It must be the most extraordinary institution of its kind in the world. Its holdings are awe-inspiring. Its staff are legendary. It sits in a new home in the Amsterdam docklands, a refurbished warehouse. In a single day I've worked on original papers by Karl Kautsky, Eduard Bernstein, Sidney Webb, Leon Trotsky; even a letter from Max Weber to Bernstein (terrible script) and letters from Robert Michels, also to Bernstein. I've had the pleasure of meeting enthusiasts both on staff, and in the reading room; I saw someone reading the Melbourne Southern Advocate for Workers Council, edited by Jim Dawson,1 turned out to be Michael Buckmiller, the German expert on Karl Korsch. The staff introduced us; they must speak at least six languages each, tapping directly into the needs of Dutch, Germans, Italians, Anglophones, Hungarians, French and others. So what is this mecca? Its physical existence confirmed by its new, permanent location, the Amsterdam Institute now also has a freshly published history, confirming its past as well as its future. I say history, but probably handbook would be more accurate. Many people over the years have written about the Institute, including the German ultraleft Karl Heinz Roth.2 The Institute has published its own pamphlet, History and Activities, in 1985, and a book length study by Jan Lucassen, Tracing the Past,3 in 1989. Now there is the new handbook edited by Atie van der Horst and Elly Koen: Guide to the International Archives and Collections at the IISH, Amsterdam.4 This is a book which all enthusiasts and especially libraries should have, for it is an indispensable guide to the collection. With history, it starts. As the book explains, the IISH was founded in 1935 by the aptly-named Professor N. W. Posthumus, with the financial support of 'De Centrale', the Central Workers' Insurance and Deposit Bank. De Centrale was a workers' insurance company, the statutes of which reserved a small percentage of its profits for cultural purposes on behalf of the labour movement. If this part of the initiative was clever, the next major interlude was exciting, not to say intriguing?or breathtaking, life-endangering. Prior to the Second World War the Institute took on a rescue function. Financially fluid, located in a politically neutral country with a remaining left-sympathetic culture, the IISH was able to act as a safehouse for radical and working class literature, not least of all from Germany. As the new volume observes, this was the period when the Bakunin papers were smuggled through a Vienna which was draped already

Reminiscences from the Academy office

This is a series of incoherent thoughts and a backward glance at my 15 years in the Academy office. After 19 years of retirement, it is difficult to create a literary mood. [ became associated with the American Academy of Dermatology office as secretary to Dr. James R. Webster, who was Assistant SecretaryTreasurer at that time. He took over the unexpired term of Dr. John R. Rauschkolb, SecretaryTreasurer in Cleveland, Ohio. I was sent to Cleveland for a few days to observe office procedures and receive instructions on the office equipment. Dr. Rauschkolb's two assistants in the Academy office, known fondly by the members as Framp and Hewie, had decided against moving to Chicago with the office. The sudden necessity and magnitude of the move demonstrated the feasibility of a permanent location for the Academy office, in the opinion of Dr. Webster. With a novice in the office, only his dedication to and knowledge of the Academy programs throughout the years kept the office on schedule. The Chicago area women organized a Women's Hospitality Committee at no expense to the Academy with the exception of a Hospitality Room at the annual meetings. Their programs were versatile and interesting, something for everyone, and enhanced the attendance at the meetings. Within 2 years it was again necessary to move the office to Rochester, Minnesota, where Dr. Robert R. Kierland, Assistant Secretary-Treasurer, took over the unexpired term of Dr. Webster, in addition to his tenure of 5 years. Rochester, the site of the Mayo Clinic, made office space and living accommodations a problem. Fortunately, office space was found within three blocks of Dr. Kierland's office in the Clinic, and living arrangements were made in a complex primarily for residents of the Clinic; it remained my home for almost 7 years. During the time in Rochester, the Academy was incorporated. !i/~!i 84 i i

The Formation of the Argentine Public Primary and Secondary School System

With the acceptance of the Federal Constitution of 1853 by the province of Buenos Aires in 1862 and the assumption of the presidency of the Nation by Bartolomé Mitre, the main constitutional problem besetting the region since independence was, in theory at least, solved. The permanent location of the capital had not been settled, but a national government was a reality. Leaders who had brought about the downfall of Rosas, negotiated an end to full-scale civil war, and organized the outline of the patria grande now faced new challenges. The spirit of anarchy, the rule of force, provincial allegiances, and a widely scattered, largely illiterate population were awesome impediments to the creation of a modern nation state. The response to these problems by the politicians, economists, scholars, technocrats, artists, and soldiers of Argentina during the last forty years of the nineteenth century, working towards the goal of a unified, peaceful and cultivated nation, is an enthralling topic.

High-level trimethoprim resistance in urinary bacteria.

The results of a three year evaluation of the incidence and type of trimethoprim resistance in pathogens responsible for significant bacteriuria in a general hospital in Edinburgh UK, are presented and compared to results of a previous study. In the present study, trimethoprim resistance was 50% more frequent in bacteria isolated from men and nearly twice as frequent in bacteria from elderly patients. However, the proportion of trimethoprim resistant strains fell annually when resistance was measured at trimethoprim concentrations of both 10 mg/l and 1000 mg/l. The proportion of strains able to transfer trimethoprim resistance also fell by half, and there was some movement of trimethoprim resistance transposons into the bacterial chromosome. These results suggest that migration of high-level trimethoprim resistance genes into the permanent location of the bacterial chromosome is occurring.

Housing Lessons From Mobile Homes?

Despite the market significance of the ‘mobile home’ — which is in fact a factory-made dwelling that can be transported as a complete unit for permanent location on a site — the technology involved has attracted little interest from the orthodox building industry. A research and development project in America, ‘Project Manufactured Housing Industry’ (PMHI), suggests that such disinterest is misplaced. We invited the author to explain some of the possible lessons to be drawn from the project. He discusses here how alternative materials and different structural concepts — such as post and beam, stressed skin and monolithic volumetric components — are compatible with the already cost-effective technology and offer potential for the use of these factory-made units in higher-density and high-rise forms. Professor Bernhardt is President of the consultancy firm PIIHS which is responsible for the R & D project described.

The Location of Michelangelo'sDavid: The Meeting of January 25, 1504

Shortly before Michelangelo's marble David was completed, a meeting was held in Florence on January 25, 1504 to discuss its permanent location.1 Of all the documents associated with the statue, the one recording the minutes of this meeting is the best known. It has commanded exceptional interest not only because of its importance for our knowledge of the David but also because it records the comments of such renowned artists as Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Piero di Cosimo, and Filippino Lippi. The manuscript, published twice in transcription in the nineteenth century, has been frequently cited, excerpted and discussed in the Michelangelo literature. Nevertheless, it has never been critically examined so as to make available a satisfactory and comprehensive exegesis of its text.

A Survey of Telephone Answering Services in Suicide Prevention and Crisis Intervention Agencies*

ABSTRACT: The telephone service established by directors of suicide prevention and crisis intervention services is generally given little careful consideration. Many agencies take their telephone systems for granted, assuming that almost any system will function adequately if an operator is available and a crisis worker is on call. There are a number of important issues at stake that should be carefully considered before a program is established that uses any system other than full‐time coverage by the trained crisis worker at a permanent location. In order to investigate just what really happens under the various systems in use, a series of 76 calls was placed to 19 different emergency crisis services in the southeastern United States. Times were recorded to show how much time elapsed, through what various systems, to get an actual crisis worker on the line. There were marked differences across the eight different systems identified. The results clearly indicate that crisis services are in danger of unknowingly providing inferior and dangerously low quality service unless they maintain maximum control over their own telephone answering system 24 hours a day.

Federal Hall Revisited

AFTER THE CONSTITUTION had been ratified by twothirds of the states in 1788, the Continental Congress, meeting in New York, resolved that New York City would be the seat of the new government until a more permanent location could be agreed upon. Overjoyed that their city had been selected for this great honor, the City Fathers wasted no time in providing the new government with proper facilities. They resolved that the City Hall, located at the corner of Wall and Nassau Streets, would be the meeting place of the New Congress provided that the building was enlarged and completely renovated befitting the dignity of this august body. The City Hall had been completed in I704 and remodelled in I763, but after all these years it had outlived its usefulness.1

The Royal Air Force School of Education

A NEW Royal Air Force School of Education has been opened at Wellesbourne Mountford, near Leamington Spa, and one of its main purposes is to prepare newly appointed education officers for their professional duties in the R.A.F. The School is housed for the present in temporary accommodation because in view of the nature and the importance of the work a start could not be delayed. It is intended, however, to move the School to a more permanent location when this is feasible. Education in the R.A.F. differs little in its background from education in the civilian world. Its immediate purpose is to develop those qualities of mind and character which, while adapting the officer, the airman or the boy apprentice to the exercise of particular duties, yet helps him to achieve a worthwhile personal and social life and to appreciate the duties and privileges of citizenship. On the technical side, too, it is the task of the Education Branch to contribute a theoretical content towards technical and air-crew training of R.A.F. personnel for their day-to-day duties. Naturally the means and conditions through which these tasks are performed in the Service so far differ from those outside as to involve the young education officer in a period of some difficulty until he finds his feet. It is a function of this new school of education to minimize this period, and to orientate the professional qualifications and experience of the newly appointed officer (normally a university graduate and a trained teacher, and preferably with some initial teaching experience) towards his new duties. To this end he is given instruction over a period of four weeks in the organisation and administration of R.A.F. education, in certain aspects of the theory and practice of Service teaching, in the part played by education in maintaining high standards of training and of morale, and in the methods to be employed for education in citizenship and current affairs. In addition to the lectures given by the permanent staff provision is made in the School programme for visiting lecturers of eminence in the civilian world.

Mines and Plantations and the Movements of Peoples

Owing to the permanent location of mineral resources, the high cost of their production, and man's desire for them, the mine is a fixed point in the structure of the community, population movements being made with reference to its location. The mine functions as a more or less fixed division of labor. The plantation depends more closely for its location upon environmental conditions. Within the limits of these conditions plant life, unlike mineral resources, can be distributed by human agencies to suit the convenience of consuming populations. The plantation, therefore, affords more opportunity for competition. While the plantation is characterized by specialization, its division of labor is not as determined as that of the mine. Under conditions of necessity it may diversify its products.

International Trade in Coal

permanent geological conditions-the location of coal measures and character of the coals contained. To properly visualize the world's coal trade, we must consider not only countries but also areas, as well as the various factors and conditions entering into the use of coal and its indirect movement after use, in the shape of manufactured products. The great industrial areas of the world have all been built largely upon the nearness and availability of coal supplies, and by far the greater part of the world's export coals comes from the great industrial nations, from the centres of manufacture, where raw materials are turned into manufactured goods into which coal enters as a basic raw material. We have, therefore, an export movement of coal, not only as coal, the raw material, but also as a component part of the manufactured goods exported. Coal in the ground presents certain possibilities; capital, labor and transportation make it commercially effective and valuable. International trade in coal begins at. the mouth of the mine; it may even be said to begin with the original formation of the coal, as the use of any coal in international trade depends upon the geographic location of the coal deposits and the quality of the coal. Nor is the international coal trade directly concerned with returns to capital and labor and their relative value; it pays the market price, regardless of the capital invested or the wages of the miner or the system of mining; it is not concerned with legislation or politics. The market price at the port of shipment is usually the starting point of the export coal trade. Four main elements enter into this price:-the total cost of production and selling, the quality of the coal, the cost of transportation and the return to capital invested. Of these four elements, only the transportation cost is fixed; the others may and do vary, even on similar grades of coal.