Perisesarma Bidens Research Articles

Multiplication of Chilo iridescent virus in noninsect arthropods

Attempts to infect noninsect arthropods with Chilo iridescent virus (CIV) originally isolated from Lepidoptera were made by using eight species belonging to four classes. Multiplication of CIV was demonstrated in two species of terrestrial Crustacea (the pill bug, Armadillidium vulgare, and the slater, Porcello scaber) and one species of Chilopoda, the house centipede, Thereuonema higendorfi. The lethality experiment of CIV for A. vulgare suggested that chronic infection is a characteristic of the CIV infection in both classes, Crustacea and Insecta. Neither iridescence nor recovery of virus infectivity was demonstrated in the following arthropod species: the sea slater, Ligia exotica (Crustacea: Isopoda), the grapsid crab, Sesarma haematocheir (Crustacea: Decapoda), the millipede, Oxidus gracillis (Diplopoda: Polydesmoidea), Rhysodesmus semicirculatus (Diplopoda: Polydesmoidea), and the giant crab spider, Heteropoda venatoria (Arachnida: Araneae).

Birefringence of glycerinated crab muscle fiber under various conditions

By using glycerinated single fibers of crab muscle ( Sesarma haematocheir) which has long sarcomeres, the birefringence of the I band, H band and the overlapping region between thin and thick filaments was measured separately, under various environmental conditions. At the resting length, the birefringence of the fiber was decreased by the addition of Ca 2+ in the absence of ATP, by about 0.35%. This birefringence decrease was found to take place in the overlapping region. The decrease corresponded to about 2% of the birefringence of thin filaments in this region. The birefringence of the fiber was increased by the addition of ATP in the absence of Ca 2+, by about 6%. This birefringence increase also took place mostly in the overlapping region. The increase of birefringence by pyrophosphate was about half of that by ATP. The birefringence of the fiber was decreased by the increase of the ionic strength from 0.12 to 0.20. The origin of the observed changes of birefringence is discussed.

南西諸島における医動物学的研究 : V. 奄美大島で採集された恙虫の 6 新種について

Six new species of trombicuilid mites are figured and described from Amami Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Cordiseta (Kayella) nakayamai n. sp. were collected only from the nest hole of Amami-hare, Pentalagus furnessi (Stone, 1900). Schoengastia (Schoengastia) hanmyaensis n. sp. were collected from sand in the nesting hole of Streaked Shearwater, Colonectris leucomelas, on Hanmya Island, a small uninhabited island of the Amami Island. Ascoschoengastia (Ascoschoengastia) noborui n. sp. were collected mostly from soils below the tree holes and ground holes. Walchiella (Walchiella) amamiensis n. sp. from nest holes of Amami-hare and Amami Spinous Country-rat, Tokudaia oshimensis oshimensis (Abe, 1933), and from soil under tree holes and rocks. Miyatrombicula (Miyatrombicula) okadai n. sp. from nest holes of Amami-hare and soils below tree holes. Eutrombicula (Siseca) haematocheiri n. sp. were found on unusual hosts, land crabs, Sesarma (Ho-ometopus) haematocheir (De Haan, 1835) and Potamon dehaani (White, 1847), and from soils below the tree holes and ground holes. Genus Cordiseta and Schoengastia and Subgenus Siseca are the first records in Japan.

甲殻類のカロテノイド色素成分-III

The carotenoid pigments of the carapace of two species of crabs, Sesarma (Holometopus) haematocheir and Sesarma (Sesarma) intermedia, were investigated. The following five carotenoid pigments were identified after saponification: β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, astacene, and α-doradecin. α-Doradecin (40-50%) was the principal carotenoid pigment.On the other hand in the exuviae of Sesarma (Sesarma) intermedia, lutein, zeaxanthin, astaxanthin, and α-doradexanthin were found in free forms, and lutein (43%) was the principal carotenoid pigment.In the hepatopancreas β-carotene (42-60%) was dominant and flavoxanthin (3-7%), undetected in carapace, was found in two species.