Perirenal Depots Research Articles

Effect of Breed and Diet Containing Cooked Soybeans vs. Extracted Soybean Meal on Pork Carcass Characteristics

Two feeding trials involving 64 pigs from four breeds were conducted to evaluate the effect diets containing either whole roasted soybeans (WRS) or extracted soybean meal have on live animal performance and various quantitative and qualitative carcass characteristics. The initial weight of the pigs at the beginning of the experiment was approximately 31 kilograms. All pigs were slaughtered at a live weight of approximately 102 kilograms. Pigs on diets of either WRS or extracted soybean meal performed similarly in terms of rate of gain and feed efficiency and no significant differences were observed in quantitative carcass characteristics attributable to diet. Adipose tissues from the 10th to 12th rib area over the longissimus muscle and from the perirenal depot were softer (P<.05) from pigs that received WRS than from pigs that received soybean meal. Similarly, extracted lipid from these tissues was more unsaturated in pigs that received WRS in their diet. Backfat and perirenal fat from Hampshire pigs was softer and more unsaturated (P<.05) than that from Duroc, Yorkshire or Crossbred pigs. Dry cured bacon from Hampshire pigs was softer than that from Duroc pigs. Bacon from pigs that received WRS was softer than that from pigs that received soybean meal, however, slicing characteristics were not adversely affected.

Comparative methods for the expression of enzyme data in porcine adipose tissue

1. 1. An equal number of adipose cells was the preferred reference unit for the comparison of enzyme activity between adipose tissue fragments containing cells of different sizes. 2. 2. The advantages and shortcomings of various reference units for the expression of metabolic data are discussed. 3. 3. In the pig ( Sus domesticus) the activity of NADP-malate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase per adipose tissue organ (perirenal depot or extramuscular fat) increased during growth from 28 to 109 kg live weight.

Influence of body weight, age, diet and sex on fat depots in rats.

AbstractWeanling male and female littermate Osborne Mendel rats were randomly separated into two groups. The control group was fed a grain ration. The second group was fed a high fat ration which ultimately produced obesity. Male and female rats were killed at weaning (body weight, 50–60 gm). Thereafter rats from both diet groups were killed after an initial weight gain of about 100 gm and subsequent gains of about 150 gm. The inguinal, forelimb (axillary), interscapular perirenal, genital, xiphoid, and mesenteric and omental fat depots were removed, weighed, and weights recorded. Fat depots usually increased in weight more rapidly than overall body weight. This was typical of younger rats from both diet groups, but more pronounced in rats fed the high fat ration. The perirenal depots increased in weight more rapidly than body weight throughout the 450+ days of the study. In both sexes and diet groups, from weaning through sexual maturity, the weight of the genital fat depots increased proportionately more rapidly than body weight. Thereafter, the weight gain more nearly paralleled the body weight gain. In both diet groups, with the exception of the interscapular depot, the subcutaneous depots increased rapidly in weight during the first 100 days of life. The weight gain of these depots maintained a close relationship to body weight gain after 100 days of age. The interscapular depot in obese females increased at a very rapid rate as the animals approached 900 gm of body weight.

NEUTRAL FAT OF THE PERIRENAL FAT DEPOTS

The possibility was investigated that perirenal fat depots which have high levels of neutral fat also have high levels of phospholipid and free cholesterol associated with increased ability to actively store fat. Lipid and water levels per unit nonlipid dry weight were measured upon perirenal fat depots in 27 male and 24 female albino rats. Mean levels of water, free cholesterol, and phospholipid were significantly higher in female than in male rats. In perirenal depots containing high levels of neutral fat, (a) weights of the organ were low in females (P = 0.01 to 0.02) but not significantly so in males (P = 0.1 to 0.4), (b) levels of phospholipid were unaffected, and (c) levels of ester cholesterol, free cholesterol, and water were high in both males and females (P &lt; 0.001 to 0.05). The results indicate that storage of increased levels of neutral fat in perirenal fat depots of the albino rat is associated with increased levels of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, and water per unit nonlipid dry weight.

NEUTRAL FAT OF THE PERIRENAL FAT DEPOTS

The possibility was investigated that perirenal fat depots which have high levels of neutral fat also have high levels of phospholipid and free cholesterol associated with increased ability to actively store fat. Lipid and water levels per unit nonlipid dry weight were measured upon perirenal fat depots in 27 male and 24 female albino rats. Mean levels of water, free cholesterol, and phospholipid were significantly higher in female than in male rats. In perirenal depots containing high levels of neutral fat, (a) weights of the organ were low in females (P = 0.01 to 0.02) but not significantly so in males (P = 0.1 to 0.4), (b) levels of phospholipid were unaffected, and (c) levels of ester cholesterol, free cholesterol, and water were high in both males and females (P &lt; 0.001 to 0.05). The results indicate that storage of increased levels of neutral fat in perirenal fat depots of the albino rat is associated with increased levels of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, and water per unit nonlipid dry weight.