Peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders are a common cause of total permanent disability, which can be caused by disorders in the metabolism of neurotropic vitamins (thiamine, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin). Treatment of PNS disorders commonly requires long-term treatment associated with the occurrence of side effects. The article discusses the use of neurotropic vitamins for patient management with various forms of PNS disorders. Data concerning experimental and clinical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the results of patient treatment with poly- and mononeuropathies, peripheral nerve injury, dorsalgia, tunnel syndromes using vitamins of group B are presented. It is shown that the use of a vitamin complex of group B is more effective than the use of placebo, as well as their use separately. In most patients, clinical improvement (reduction of the neurologic deficits severity, pain management) is accompanied by the recovery of electroneuromyography indices, reduction in the need of analgesic drugs in dorsalgia, decrease in the treatment duration, and decrease in the incidence of side effects. The use of neurotropic vitamins has been noted for the good tolerability, in particular, there was a rare occurrence of adverse events during their use. KEYWORDS: thiamine, pyridoxine, cyanocobalamin, methylcobalamin, neuropathy, nerve injury, polyneuropathy, dorsalgia, treatment, side effects, clinical study. FOR CITATION: Chugunov A.V., Kazakov K.A., Kazakov A.Yu. Neurotropic vitamins use in the patient management with various lesions of the peripheral nervous system. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(9):606–611. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-9-606-611.