Part 1 Anatomical and physiological considerations - effects of aging and cardiovascular disease: structural changes in the heart systolic and diastolic function peripheral vasculature conduction system and electrocardiogram maximal oxygen uptake heart rate and blood pressure pulmonary system nervous system metabolism muscle and bone. Part 2 Exercise testing: methodology interpretation of results radionuclide evaluations. Part 3 Exercise prescription: entering the program determining the exercise prescriptions additional considerations for the exercise prescription the impact of medication resistance training home exercise. Part 4 Training adaptations: responses to training in the healthy elderly responses to training in the elderly cardiac patient. Part 5 Characteristics of participants in outpatient exercise training: risk factors descriptive characteristics and risk factors in elderly cardiac rehabilitation outpatients special populations within the elderly. Part 6 Program design considerations: risk stratification safety, attendance and compliance economic considerations exercise programming quality of life. Appendices: warm-up, stretching and flexibility exercises home exercises program log book.