Periodontal Attachment Loss Research Articles

Interdisciplinary approach for the treatment of pathologic migration in teeth with advanced periodontal disease

Pathological migration of anterior teeth is an esthetic and functional problem that may be associated with advanced periodontal disease. It is defined as a change in tooth position resulting from disruption of the forces that maintain teeth in a normal position in relation to their arch. The disruption of the equilibrium in tooth position may be caused by several etiologic factors. These include periodontal attachment loss, pressure from inflamed tissues, occlusal factors, oral habits such as bruxism, tongue thrusting, and the playing of wind instruments, loss of teeth without replacement, a labial frenum, gingival enlargement and iatrogenic factors. However according to the literature, the destruction of tooth-supporting structures is the most relevant factor associated with pathologic migration. Unfortunately, pathologic tooth migration can be associated with esthetic damage of smile line, reducing patient's self-esteem. To solve both issues, therefore, a combination of orthodontic and periodontal treatment is often needed.

Dentofacial Abnormalities and Oral Health Status in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the oral health conditions and treatment need of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) aged 4–17 years in United Arab Emirates (UAE) and provides baseline data to enable comparison and future planning of dental services. Subjects and methods: The study included 52 patients with CP and 52 matched healthy control subjects. Each patient received a complete oral and periodontal examination using codes and criteria as described by WHO. Data analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test and t-test. Results: The prevalence of dental caries among children with CP was 90.0% (47/52) where as for the healthy controls was 54.0% (28/52). The overall means DMFT/dmft was 6.5. The restorative index (RI) and Met Need Index (MNI) for the CP children were 0.03 and 0.08 respectively. Children, 4-12 years old with CP had higher percentage of untreated caries, but lower percentage of filled teeth. The mean plaque index (2.35 ± 0.7); the probing depth (2.96 ± 0.8) and the average periodontal attachment loss 4.18 ± 1.3, all significantly greater in patients with CP than controls. And significantly high proportion of patients with CP (p<0.05) requiring complex periodontal treatment. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that the overall health of children with CP could be improved with earlier intervention and planned dental care.

Impact of periodontal status on oral health-related quality of life among police personnel in Virajpet, India.

The aim of the present study was to determine the association between oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and periodontal status among police personnel in Virajpet, India. Police personnel were randomly selected from the 296 police staff working in Virajpet, India. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on their demographics and dental visit behavior, and to determine their OHRQoL. The community periodontal index (CPI) and loss of attachment were used to assess periodontal status. All 72 invited participants joined this study. The majority (n=133) had good OHRQoL. For those with a good OHRQoL, 74had CPI=0, 25 had CPI=1, 20 had CPI=2, and 14 had CPI≥3. For those who had an average or poor OHRQoL (n=37), 19 had CPI=0, one had CPI=1, eight had CPI=2, and nine had CPI≥3. There was a statistically-significant association between OHRQoL and CPI (P<0.003). Most participants with good OHRQoL (127/133), but only less than half with an average or poor OHRQoL (22/37), had no loss of periodontal attachment (P<0.0001). In the present study, there was an association between OHRQoL and periodontal status among police personnel in Virajpet, Coorg.

The association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis in southern Brazilian adults

An association between alcohol consumption and periodontitis has been suggested in the literature, but the evidence is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and periodontitis in a probability sample of adults from south Brazil. This analysis included 1115 subjects aged 18-65years derived from a representative sample from south Brazil. Data were collected from participants from clinical examination and structured interviews. Alcohol consumption was assessed by asking participants about the usual number of drinks consumed in a week. Four categories of alcohol consumption were defined: non-drinker, ≤1 glass/wk, >1 glass/wk, ≤1 glass/d and >1 glass/d. Individuals with ≥30% teeth with periodontal attachment loss ≥5mm were classified as having periodontitis. Logistic models adjusting for age, race, socioeconomic status, dental care, body mass index, self-reported diabetes and smoking were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and confidence intervals (95% CI). After adjusting for co-factors, females who reported drinking >1 glass/d were more likely to have periodontitis (OR=3.8, 95% CI=1.4-10.1), whereas females who reported drinking up to 1 glass/d were 50% less likely to have periodontitis (OR=0.5, 95% CI=0.3-0.8). No significant associations between overall alcohol intake and periodontitis were observed for males. In an exploratory analysis, wine consumption was associated with a lower likelihood of periodontitis among males (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.1-0.5) but not females. The periodontal health of males and females appears to be affected differently by alcohol consumption. Moderate wine consumption may have a beneficial effect in males.

Assessment of Oxygen Saturation in Dental Pulp of Permanent Teeth with Periodontal Disease

IntroductionIn individuals with periodontal disease, dental pulp status should be determined before a treatment plan is made. Pulse oximeters are promising diagnostic tools to evaluate pulp vascularization. This study used pulse oximetry to determine the level of oxygen saturation in dental pulp of intact permanent teeth with periodontal attachment loss (PAL) and gingival recession (GR) and to evaluate the correlation between periodontal disease and level of oxygen saturation in the pulp. MethodsThis study included 67 anterior teeth of 35 patients; all teeth showed intact crowns, PAL, a periodontal pocket (PP), and GR. The teeth underwent periodontal examination, cold and electric pulp testing, and pulse oximetry measurements. The Pearson correlation coefficient and a linear regression coefficient were calculated to evaluate the degree of correlation between periodontal disease markers (PAL, PP, and GR) and the level of oxygen saturation in dental pulp. These tests also evaluated possible associations between oxygen saturation and cold and electric pulp testing. ResultsPAL, PP, and GR had negative correlations with oxygen saturation in dental pulp. Conversely, no statistically significant association was found between oxygen saturation in dental pulp and the response to electric sensibility testing. ConclusionsOxygen saturation was lower in the pulp of permanent teeth with PAL, PP, and GR, indicating that periodontal disease correlates with the level of oxygen saturation in the pulp.

Association of Simvastatin and Hyperlipidemia With Periodontal Status and Bone Metabolism Markers

The objective of this study is to determine whether simvastatin consumption and hyperlipidemia are associated with a worse periodontal condition and specific bone activity biomarkers. This cross-sectional and analytic study includes 73 patients divided into three groups: 1) simvastatin-treated patients with hyperlipidemia (n = 29); 2) patients with hyperlipidemia treated by diet alone (n = 28); and 3) normolipidemic patients (controls, n = 16). The periodontal clinical variables of all participants were gathered, a blood sample was drawn from each to determine the lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein), serum levels of acute-phase reactants (C-reactive protein), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and bone metabolism markers (osteoprotegerin [OPG], osteocalcin, procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen). The mean ESR was higher in the diet-treated patients with hyperlipidemia than in the normolipidemic controls (P = 0.04). Serum OPG concentrations were significantly higher in the simvastatin-treated patients with hyperlipidemia than in the diet-treated patients with hyperlipidemia (P = 0.05). Multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, tobacco, and alcohol revealed that, compared with the normolipidemic patients, the simvastatin-treated patients with hyperlipidemia showed a mean reduction of 0.8 mm (95% confidence interval = -1.5 to 0.0, P = 0.05) in clinical attachment loss. Within the limits of this study, the findings suggest that the intake of simvastatin is associated with increasing serum OPG concentrations, and this could have a protective effect against bone breakdown and periodontal attachment loss. The baseline systemic inflammatory state of patients with hyperlipidemia is indicated by their increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Reexamining the Association Between Smoking and Periodontitis in the Dunedin Study With an Enhanced Analytical Approach

Smoking is a major risk factor for periodontal disease. Conventional oral epidemiology approaches have found strong, consistent associations between chronic smoking and periodontal attachment loss (AL) through ages 26, 32, and 38 years, but those statistical methods disregarded the data's hierarchical structure. This study reexamines the association using hierarchical modeling to: 1) overcome the limitations of an earlier approach (trajectory analysis) to the data and 2) determine the robustness of the earlier inferences. Periodontal examinations were conducted at ages 26, 32, and 38 years in the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study. The number of participants examined at those three ages were 913, 918, and 913, respectively. A generalized linear mixed model with a quasi-binomial approach was used to examine associations between chronic smoking and periodontal AL. At ages 26, 32, and 38, smokers had 3.5%, 12.8%, and 23.2% greater AL than non-smokers. Regular cannabis use was associated with greater AL after age 32, but not at age 26. Males had more AL than females. Participants with high plaque scores had consistently greater AL; those who were of persistently low socioeconomic status had higher AL at ages 32 and 38, but not at age 26. The amount of AL in anterior teeth was less than in premolars and molars. Gingival bleeding was associated with higher AL at ages 26, 32, and 38. The smoking-periodontitis association is observable with hierarchical modeling, providing strong evidence that chronic smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis.

Incidence of attachment loss of canines in an overdenture population

Caries and periodontal disease are the most common cause of tooth loss in overdenture populations. Longitudinal data on attachment loss in this population have not been well reported. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to measure periodontal attachment loss in overdenture abutments. In this longitudinal overdenture study, 272 persons fulfilled all of the inclusion criteria. These persons had 662 teeth, 465 (70.2%) of which were canines. This report focused only on participants with canines who returned for 3 consecutive recalls in the 42 months of the study and included 53 persons with 116 canines. During this 42-month period, 6 teeth were extracted. Attachment loss was measured at baseline and at 6 to 18 months, 19 to 30 months, and 31 to 42 months at the mesial, distal, mid-buccal, and mid-lingual surface of each tooth, and was calculated as the combination of pocket probing depth plus height above the gingiva. Attachment loss was compared at each recall. A single examiner made all the measurements. At baseline, the greatest amount of loss was at the mid-buccal surface (5.43 mm), followed by the mid-lingual (4.95 mm), distal (4.41 mm), and mesial (4.35 mm) surfaces. This pattern of attachment loss did not change over the 3 time periods, except that, at the 6 to 18-month recall, the distal measurement was less than at baseline. This decrease could be due to the wear of the abutment or loss of a restoration due to caries. Attachment loss was greater on the mandibular abutments than on the maxillary abutments and could be due to the greater amount of movement of the mandibular overdenture, especially in a buccolingual direction. Attachment loss varied by arch and by site in patients who wore overdentures.

Further evidence that periodontal bone loss increases with smoking and age.

Cohort study. COHORT SELECTION: A birth cohort born at the Queen Mary Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand between 1 April 1972 and 31 March 1973 that are being followed as part of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study (DMHDS). EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT: Periodontal examinations were conducted at ages 26, 32 and 38, with only half-mouth examinations possible at age 26, but full-mouth examinations undertaken at 32 and 38. Third molars and implants were not included in the periodontal examinations. Tobacco smoking was determined at ages 15, 18, 21, 26, 32 and 38. Attachment loss (AL). Generalised linear mixed modelling with a quasi-binomial approach was used to examine associations between chronic smoking and periodontal attachment loss. Of the 1037 participants initially enrolled in the study, 913 were periodontally examined at age 26, and periodontal data were available for 863 (94.5%) individuals at ages 26, 32, and 38 using listwise deletion. At age 32 and 38 respectively, 918 and 905 (98.6%), and 913 and 869 (95.1%) participants were examined and included in the analysis. Approximately equal numbers of females and males were included. Attachment loss increased in smokers with age. At ages 26, 32 and 38, smokers had 3.5%, 12.8% and 23.2% (respectively) greater AL than non-smokers. Regular cannabis use was associated with greater AL after age 32, but not at age 26. Males had more AL than females. Participants with high plaque scores had consistently greater AL; those who were of persistently low SES (socio-economic status) had higher AL at age 32 and 38, but not at age 26. The amount of AL in anteriors was less than in premolars and molars. Gingival bleeding was associated with higher AL at ages 26, 32 and 38. This research confirmed the strong association between chronic smoking and periodontal disease.

Leukotoxic activity of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and periodontal attachment loss.

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative periodontitis-associated bacterium that expresses a toxin that selectively affects leukocytes. This leukotoxin is encoded by an operon belonging to the core genome of this bacterial species. Variations in the expression of the leukotoxin have been reported, and a well-characterized specific clonal type (JP2) of this bacterium with enhanced leukotoxin expression has been isolated. In particular, the presence of the JP2 genotype significantly increases the risk for the progression of periodontal attachment loss (AL). Based on these findings we hypothesized that variations in the leukotoxicity are linked to disease progression in infected individuals. In the present study, the leukotoxicity of 239 clinical isolates of A. actinomycetemcomitans was analysed with different bioassays, and the genetic peculiarities of the isolates were related to their leukotoxicity based on examination with molecular techniques. The periodontal status of the individuals sampled for the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was examined longitudinally, and the importance of the observed variations in leukotoxicity was evaluated in relation to disease progression. Our data show that high leukotoxicity correlates with an enhanced risk for the progression of AL. The JP2 genotype isolates were all highly leukotoxic, while the isolates with an intact leukotoxin promoter (non-JP2 genotypes) showed substantial variation in leukotoxicity. Genetic characterization of the non-JP2 genotype isolates indicated the presence of highly leukotoxic genotypes of serotype b with similarities to the JP2 genotype. Based on these results, we conclude that A. actinomycetemcomitans harbours other highly virulent genotypes besides the previously described JP2 genotype. In addition, the results from the present study further highlight the importance of the leukotoxin as a key virulence factor in aggressive forms of periodontitis.

How valid are the psychometric properties of the oral health impact profile-14 measure in adult dental patients in Ibadan, Nigeria?

The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is the most widely used quality of life (QoL) measure to evaluate the influence of oral diseases on individuals. QoL measures have been noted to be context and environment specific, and there is a need to cross-culturally adapt a scale before its introduction into any community. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties, validity and internal consistency of the OHIP-14 measure in an adult patient population in Ibadan, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted over a four-month period on 204 adult patients using OHIP-14 structured questionnaire, global self-report indicator of oral conditions and perceived treatment need. Oral examinations were performed to assess periodontal status, caries experience and attachment loss. Data were analyzed using SPSS and p-value for statistical significance was set at < 0.05. A total of 204 patients participated in the study with a mean OHIP score of 11.2 (± 9.8). OHIP scores were not related to the sociodemographic characteristics. Perception of need for treatment was greater among those who reported impacts on their QoL (89.3% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001). The OHIP scores correlated negatively with global self rating of oral health status (rho = -0.23, p < 0.01). Higher OHIP scores were associated with having carious teeth (p = 0.023). The Cronbach's alpha for the 14 inventory items ranged from 0.857 to 0.871. The OHIP-14 measure showed good psychometric properties with satisfactory validity and internal consistency in adult patients in Ibadan, Nigeria.

ASSOCIATION OF THE BONE LOSS WITH MAIN CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

SUMMARY: Literature data have reported that certain Gramnegative anaerobe bacteria from the subgingival environment are important etiological agents of chronic periodontal disease. Based on published criteria identifying periodontal pathogens, major evidences has been shown for: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia; moderate evidences for: Prevotella intermedia, Peptostreptococcus /Micromonas/ micros, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Eubacterium nodatum, Campylobacter rectus, and spirochetes (Treponema denticola). Microbiological data has been suggested by several studies as a useful indicator of disease progression, selection of an adjunctive antimicrobial administration, healing assessment and disease recurrence. The results of this study demonstrate statistically significant correlation between periodontal attachment loss and the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Peptostreptococcus (Micromonas) micros in deep periodontal pockets of severe chronic periodontitis patients.

Association Between Obesity and Periodontitis in Pregnant Females

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether overweight and obesity before pregnancy are associated with periodontitis during pregnancy. This study examined a total of 315 pregnant females at 21 to 24 weeks of gestation. Overweight and obesity were defined based on criteria proposed by the World Health Organization Expert Consultation. Periodontal conditions were assessed by measuring clinical periodontal attachment loss (AL). To investigate whether obese pregnant females have increased risk according to the extent of periodontitis, the data were divided into two groups: 1) generalized periodontitis and 2) localized periodontitis. A comparison among underweight, normal-weight, and overweight/obese groups for explanatory variables was analyzed using the χ(2) test for categorical variables and an analysis of variance for continuous variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed with adjustments for age, health and oral health behaviors, and obstetric information. Age, age at first delivery, periodontitis, and periodontal conditions (two or more interproximal sites with AL ≥4 mm not on the same tooth) were significantly associated with body mass index (BMI) (P <0.05). The adjusted odds ratio of periodontitis was 4.57 (95% confidence interval = 2.30 to 9.07) for overweight and obese females (BMI ≥23 kg/m(2)), after adjusting for all of the covariates. There is a strong association between prepregnancy overweight/obesity and periodontitis in pregnant females.

Diabetes mellitus tipo 1 y condición periodontal

Resumen. Introducción: la diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) afecta el metabolismo de glucosa, lípidos y proteínas e incrementa el riesgo de enfermedad periodontal. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las características periodontales en pacientes con diagnóstico de DM1. Materiales y métodos: se estudiaron 35 pacientes con diabetes tipo 1, a quienes se les realizó un examen periodontal completo; se tomaron los valores de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1C) y de glicemia en ayunas; los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y comparativa contra los parámetros clínicos periodontales y el diagnóstico periodontal. Resultados: la prevalencia de periodontitis crónica fue de 74,3% y de gingivitis, de 25,7%. El valor promedio de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1C) de los pacientes diagnosticados con gingivitis fue de 9,15, mientras que en pacientes con periodontitis fue de 8,375, sin alcanzar significancia estadística. La pérdida de inserción clínica periodontal en promedio fue de 3,15 mm, mientras que la media del número de dientes perdidos fue 6,91 para toda la población. Los pacientes con periodontitis presentaron mayor pérdida de inserción clínica y profundidad de bolsa. Conclusiones: los pacientes con DM1 tuvieron periodontitis o gingivitis, ratificando su susceptibilidad de sufrir periodontitis y deben mantener un cuidadoso control gingival y periodontal.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/od.v10i18.716

Periodontal Diseases in an Omani Adult Population: A Preliminary Study

Data on the periodontal status of the adult population in the Arab world are scarce. The aim of this pilot study is to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of periodontal diseases in an adult group from Oman. This is a cross-sectional study of 319 teachers who were randomly sampled from the list of teachers from the Muscat region schools in Oman. Dental caries, tooth loss, and periodontal attachment loss (AL) were recorded for each of the participants. A questionnaire collected data on participants' sociodemographic characteristics, dental-care characteristics, self-rated periodontal status, and self-rated well-being. A total of 99% of participants had at least one site with probing depth (PD) or clinical AL of ≥ 3 mm. More than one third (36%) of participants had at least one site with AL ≥ 5 mm, and 12% had at least one site with AL ≥ 6 mm; for PD, the prevalence estimates were 26% and 8%, respectively, and a gradient by age group was evident across the different thresholds. Regarding the extent of disease, 17.6% of sites had PD ≥ 3 mm, and 21% of sites had AL ≥ 3 mm. The prevalence, extent, and severity of periodontitis were higher than estimates reported from industrialized countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. This is of concern, especially when considering the relatively young age of the study population. Because of this high prevalence, investigation of periodontitis in a national sample of Omanis is desirable to confirm the findings of this study.

Effect of Low‐Dose Doxycycline on Serum Oxidative Status, Gingival Antioxidant Levels, and Alveolar Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis in Rats

Subantibiotic doses of doxycycline (low-dose doxycycline [LDD]) have been widely used in periodontal treatment for enzymatic inhibition and related anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study is to verify the possible effects of LDD on oxidative stress in relation to periodontal attachment loss associated with ligature-induced experimental periodontal disease in rats. Thirty female Wistar albino rats were divided into three study groups as follows: 1) control (C) rats; 2) rats with experimental periodontitis (PED); and 3) rats with PED that were treated with doxycycline (PED + LDD). PED was induced by placing ligatures around the cervix of the maxillary second molars for 21 days. The PED + LDD group was treated orally with doxycycline (6 mg/kg) for 21 days after the ligature was placed. After 21 days, the rats were euthanized, and samples of the right maxilla were defleshed and used for histologic and morphometric analyses. The gingival tissue of the left maxilla was used for the analysis of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase). Levels of serum total antioxidant status (TAS)/total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also analyzed. Alveolar bone loss was significantly higher in the PED group compared with the PED + LDD and C groups (P <0.05). Doxycycline exhibited the most prominent inhibition on gingival tissue levels of MDA and antioxidant enzymes (P <0.05). Doxycycline also significantly reduced TOS and OSI levels (P <0.05) but increased the TAS level. Doxycycline helps to prevent periodontal tissue breakdown by inhibiting local and systemic oxidative stress.

A Prospective Study of Clinical Outcomes Related to Third Molar Removal or Retention

We investigated outcomes of third molar removal or retention in adolescents and young adults. We recruited patients aged 16 to 22 years from a dental practice-based research network in the Pacific Northwest from May 2009 through September 2010 who had at least 1 third molar present and had never undergone third molar removal. Data were acquired via questionnaire and clinical examination at baseline, periodic online questionnaires, and clinical examination at 24 months. A total of 801 patients participated. Among patients undergoing third molar removal, rates of paresthesia and jaw joint symptoms lasting more than 1 month were 6.3 and 34.3 per 100 person-years, respectively. Among patients not undergoing removal, corresponding rates were 0.7 and 8.8. Periodontal attachment loss at distal sites of second molars did not significantly differ by third molar removal status. Incident caries at the distal surfaces of second molars occurred in fewer than 1% of all sites. Rates of paresthesia and temporomandibular joint disorder were higher after third molar removal. Periodontal attachment loss and incident caries at the distal sites of second molars were not affected by extraction status.

Risk factors for the progression of periodontal attachment loss: a 5‐year population‐based study in South Brazil

To assess sociodemographic and behavioural risk factors for periodontal attachment loss (PAL) progression after 5 years in an urban sample from south Brazil. At baseline, 1586 subjects, 14 years and older, were derived using a multistage probabilistic sample strategy. At follow-up, 653 of 755 subjects had ≥6 teeth and were included in this analysis. A modified multiple Poisson regression was used to calculate adjusted relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Overall, 247 (37.8%) subjects exhibited PAL progression ≥3 mm in ≥4 teeth. Subjects older than 30 years had approximately two times higher risk of having PAL progression than younger subjects. Subjects with low education had 53% higher risk (RR = 1.53; 95% CI:1.06-2.22) of PAL progression compared to those with high education. A significant interaction between gender and smoking was observed. Among never-smokers, males were 33% more likely (RR = 1.33; 95% CI:1.06-1.66) to experience PAL progression than females. Among smokers, there was 8% increased risk of PAL progression (RR = 1.08; 95% CI:1.01-1.14) for males and 21% (RR = 1.21; 95% CI:1.11-1.33) for females per 10 packyears. Skin colour, socioeconomy, dental care and diabetes were not significantly associated with PAL progression after statistical adjustment. Sociodemographic factors and smoking are independent risk factors for PAL progression in this Brazilian population.

Isolation and Assessment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived From Bone Marrow: Histologic and Histomorphometric Study in a Canine Periodontal Defect

The aim of the present study was to investigate an isolation procedure to culture mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and evaluate their potential in periodontal regeneration. Potential stem cells from bone marrow, aspirated from the iliac crest of nine mongrel canines 1 to 2 years of age, were cultivated. After the examination of surface epitopes of the isolated cells, the total RNA from osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic cell cultures were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to confirm stem cell gene expressions. 2 × 10(7) mL of the stem cells were loaded on 0.2 mL of anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) granules. In each animal, bilateral acute/chronic intrabony periodontal defects were created surgically and by placement of ligatures around the cervical aspect of the teeth. At week 5, after flap debridement, the bilateral defects were randomly assigned to 2 treatment groups: the control group received ABBM, and the test group received BMSCs-loaded ABBM. Eight weeks after transplantation, regenerative parameters were analyzed histologically and histometrically. The RNA expressions confirmed the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cell. More new cementum and periodontal ligament (PDL) were measured in the test group (cementum: 3.33 ± 0.94 vs 2.03 ± 1.30, P = 0.027; PDL: 2.69 ± 0.73 vs 1.53 ± 1.21, P = 0.026). New bone formation was similar in both groups (2.70 ± 0.86 vs 1.99 ± 1.31; P = 0.193). Mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow should be considered a promising technique for use in patients with periodontal attachment loss and merits further investigations.

Association between mental well-being, depression, and periodontal attachment level among young adults of the postwar Sebha city, Libya: A pilot study.

Objectives:The present study was aimed to investigate the association of mental well-being and depression with periodontal clinical attachment loss among young adults in postwar urban population of Sebha city, Libya.Materials and Methods:Mental well-being and depression were assessed using Arabic versions of World Health Organization (WHO) five well-being index and major depression inventory (ICD-10), respectively. Random sample of 149 subjects were studied. Degree of periodontal attachment was measured at six sites per tooth using a rigid manual periodontal probe.Result and Conclusion:A total of 59.11% of the studied samples had healthy mental well-being state, whereas 40.81% had poor mental well-being. The severity of depression was stronger in males than in females. In the present study mental well-being, depression, and all its categories did not have any significant effect on periodontal attachment loss. Further studies and health interventions can be planned based on this data.