Periodized Training Program Research Articles

Role of Chemoports in Children with Hematological/Solid Tumor Malignancies - Technical Implications and Complications: An Institutional Experience.

Aim:The aim of this retrospective analysis was to identify the variously related complications and to study preventive and therapeutic measures for these complications.Materials and Methods:A total of 72 catheters were inserted in 69 patients (mean follow-up of 1140 days) from December 2002 to May 2017. Sixty-four children were diagnosed to have hematological malignancies, and five children had solid tumors. The youngest child was 2 months of age, and the oldest was 15 years, 5 months. Records were analyzed retrospectively for the age, indication, route of insertion, and postoperative complications. A protocol-based insertion and postinsertion handling by trained nursing staff/doctors were instituted, including a periodic training program for those concerned.Results:Chemoport-related complications were infection in 3 (4.16%), necessitating port removal in one patient. The rest were managed by antibiotic-lock therapy. The other problems were catheter tip occlusion in 1 (1.38%) and extravasation in two patients (2.77%) leading to a sterile collection around the port chamber. An unsightly scar in 4 (5.55%) and granuloma formation at scar site in 1 (1.38%) patient were noted.Conclusion:Totally implantable chemoports are preferred in children with solid and hematological malignancies because of decreased pain, the rate of infection, and ability to maintain patency for the long term. Despite significant advantages over other types of central venous access, chemoports have their own complications. It was also noted that the rate of complications could be minimized by periodic training of all the personnel concerned and following protocol-based handling of ports.

An Explorative Study to Prevent the Incidence of Inpatient Falls in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Improving patient care has become a top priority among healthcare providers, with the overall interest to achieve patient satisfaction. The quality of patient care is the adoption of a system which is patient centred or patient oriented. One such area in the hospital for improvising the quality of patient care is the prevention of patient falls. The study was carried out in the inpatients wards of a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore for a period of five months, from March 2018 to July 2018 which was cross sectional study descriptive in nature. Data on inpatient falls was collected through hospital incidence report for three years. An observational checklist was prepared to check for patient safety compliance to environmental circumstances and a self-administered questionnaire to assess the level of knowledge of nurses on fall prevention. Data analysis was done by using Quality control tools such as Pareto's Chart, Cause and Effect Diagram and bar graphs to identify the gaps and analyse the root cause for inpatient falls in the hospital. As a result of data analysis, it was concluded that the major reasons for patient falls were due to patient related factors such as old age, weakness, loss of balance, impaired cognition and environmental factors such as wet bathroom floors, absence of patient call bells and bed rails not being raised. On the other hand evaluating the level of knowledge of nursing staffs on fall prevention revealed that 3.25% of the nurses had poor knowledge regarding the fall risk assessment, 31.33% of the nurses had less knowledge on risk factors and 15.25% were not aware of interventions for fall reduction. Overall the hospital had to improve on fall prevention strategies and conduct periodic training programs for nurses on fall prevention. An environmental safety checklist was prepared and Standard fall prevention guidelines was formulated and recommended to the hospital.

Assessment of adult diagnostic reference levels for panoramic radiography in Tamil Nadu region

Aim:The aim of this study was to calculate dose area product (DAP) and to determine diagnostic reference level (DRL) for adult panoramic procedures in Tamil Nadu.Materials and Methods:In this study, air kerma on the front side of the secondary collimator was measured with a Black Piranha, RTI Electronics, Sweden and multiplied with the corresponding exposed area to calculate DAP. The obtained DAP values were further analyzed, and DRL was calculated using the Microsoft Excel software. The study was carried out with regular adult exposure parameters.Results:The mean, range, and 3rd quartile values for 67 panoramic scanners in Tamil Nadu, India, were calculated as 94 mGycm2, 41 mGycm2–165 mGycm2, and 114.3 mGycm2, respectively. The results are comparable with other international studies.Conclusion:The present study suggests that further optimization can be achieved in many centers by the recruitment of professionally qualified radiographers and conducting periodic training programs on the optimization of exposure parameters. Considering this as the first study for the dental DRL assessment, further studies are suggested to establish national dental DRL in India.

Impact of Health Educational Program Upon Nurses' Knowledge Towards Postoperative Wounds Care In Mosul Teaching Hospitals


 
 
 
 
 Objectives: The study aimed to assess the needs of nurses' knowledge toward post operative wound care and to constructed health educational program upon nurses who are working in surgical wards, to determine the relation between nurses' knowledge and their demographical characteristic which includes ( age, gender, level of education, number of years experience in the surgical wards, years of experience in nursing service, and number of attending an educational sessions), and to identify the impact of the health educational program on their knowledge through perform post-test every two months after implementation of the program for six months consequences. Methods: A quasi- experimental study was conducted in Al-Jamhuree Teaching Hospital and Al- Salam Teaching Hospital in Nineveh governorate during the period from 10th September 2013 up to 10th March 2014. To fill full the objective of the study a purposive sample (non probability) consists of (60) nurses, the sample divided into tow equal groups (study and control groups), the study group are exposed to the educational program. The knowledge questionnaire test was conducted to measure the impact of the program, which consists of (63) multiple choice questions regarded to post operative wound care. Data were collected through the use knowledge questionnaire test which is related to nurses' knowledge test, which were developed to achieve the purpose of the study. Reliability of the instrument was determined through the use of test- retest approach. While the Instrument validity was determined through content validity, by a panel of experts. Results: The results that the nursing in the study group are benefited from the implementation of the health education program and it was a great effect on developing and improved their knowledge regarded all parts of knowledge tests related to post operative wound care. Recommendations: Based on the results of the current study the researcher recommended the followings: Based on analysis of the results, It is necessary to develop a continuous, periodic in-service educational and training programs should be utilize for all surgical nursing especially for newly jointed nurses to enhance their ability in dealing with surgical wound in order to improve the quality of care, and Benefit from the present program by coping it in a form of a manual to be distributions for using it.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Efficacy of Self Directed Learning Program to Improve Technical Institute of Nursing Students Management Competencies

The technical nursing students courses contents give opportunity to apply nursing theory and skills in clinical settings, except nursing administrations course have no clinical application, so they required improving their management competencies. Dimensions of management competencies include four core competencies namely leadership, communication, critical thinking and professionalism. Self-directed learning is the amount of responsibility a student accepts for their own learning. The self-directed learner takes control and accepts the freedom to learn what they consider important for themselves. Readiness for self directed learning is the degree to which the student possesses the attitudes, abilities and personal characteristics necessary for self directed learning. Objective: the aim was to study efficacy of self directed learning program to improve technical institute nursing students management competencies. Setting: The study was conducted at Technical Institute of Nursing at Tanta University. Subject: The study subject (130) technical nursing students include second year students in academic year at 2015-2016. Tool: three tools used including self rating scale of self direct learning readiness, management competencies skills scale and knowledge test on self directed learning. Result: Preprogram about half of nursing students had high level of self directed learning readiness, no one or few of technical nursing students have good levels of all dimensions of management competencies, and all technical nursing student had weak level on domains of self directed learning. Compared to immediate and post 3months the majority of technical nursing students had high level of total self-directed learning readiness and good skill level of management skill competencies. except communication dimension (66.9%) were at good level with significant improvement at p 0.05. Conclusion: technical nursing students at Tanta University Faculty of Nursing showed unsatisfied level of skill for all management competencies dimension, they have great need to attend educational training program about self directed learning to improve their management competencies. Recommendation: conduction pre-employment orientation and periodic educational training program and workshop about management competencies and to use self directed learning.ey words: technicKal nursing students, management competencies, self directed learning, self directed learning readiness.

Efficacy of Self Directed Learning Program to Improve Technical Institute of Nursing Students Management Competencies

The technical nursing students courses contents give opportunity to apply nursing theory and skills in clinical settings, except nursing administrations course have no clinical application, so they required improving their management competencies. Dimensions of management competencies include four core competencies namely leadership, communication, critical thinking and professionalism. Self-directed learning is the amount of responsibility a student accepts for their own learning. The self-directed learner takes control and accepts the freedom to learn what they consider important for themselves. Readiness for self directed learning is the degree to which the student possesses the attitudes, abilities and personal characteristics necessary for self directed learning. Objective: the aim was to study efficacy of self directed learning program to improve technical institute nursing students management competencies. Setting: The study was conducted at Technical Institute of Nursing at Tanta University. Subject: The study subject (130) technical nursing students include second year students in academic year at 2015-2016. Tool: three tools used including self rating scale of self direct learning readiness, management competencies skills scale and knowledge test on self directed learning. Result: Preprogram about half of nursing students had high level of self directed learning readiness, no one or few of technical nursing students have good levels of all dimensions of management competencies, and all technical nursing student had weak level on domains of self directed learning. Compared to immediate and post 3months the majority of technical nursing students had high level of total self-directed learning readiness and good skill level of management skill competencies. except communication dimension (66.9%) were at good level with significant improvement at p 0.05. Conclusion: technical nursing students at Tanta University Faculty of Nursing showed unsatisfied level of skill for all management competencies dimension, they have great need to attend educational training program about self directed learning to improve their management competencies. Recommendation: conduction pre-employment orientation and periodic educational training program and workshop about management competencies and to use self directed learning.

The Effects of Beef, Chicken, or Whey Protein After Workout on Body Composition and Muscle Performance.

Sharp, MH, Lowery, RP, Shields, KA, Lane, JR, Gray, JL, Partl, JM, Hayes, DW, Wilson, GJ, Hollmer, CA, Minivich, JR, and Wilson, JM. The effects of beef, chicken, or whey protein after workout on body composition and muscle performance. J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2233-2242, 2018-The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of postworkout consumption of beef protein isolate (Beef), hydrolyzed chicken protein (Chx), or whey protein concentrate (WPC), compared with a control on body composition and muscle performance during 8 weeks of resistance training. Forty-one men and women were randomized into 4 groups: WPC (m = 5, f = 5; age [years] = 19 ± 2, height [cm] = 171 ± 10, mass [kg] = 74.60 ± 14.19), Beef (m = 5, f = 5; age [years] = 22 ± 4, height [cm] = 170 ± 7, mass [kg] = 70.13 ± 8.16), Chx (m = 5, f = 6; Age [years] = 21 ± 2, height [cm] = 169 ± 9, mass [kg] = 74.52 ± 13.83), and Maltodextrin (control) (m = 4, f = 6; age [years] = 21 ± 2, height [cm] = 170 ± 9, mass [kg] = 73.18 ± 10.96). Subjects partook in an 8-week periodized resistance training program. Forty-six grams of protein or a control were consumed immediately after training or at similar times on off-days. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to determine changes in body composition. Maximum strength was assessed by 1 repetition maximum for bench press (upper body) and deadlift (lower body). Power output was measured using cycle ergometer. Whey protein concentrate (52.48 ± 11.15 to 54.96 ± 11.85 kg), Beef (51.68 ± 7.61 to 54.65 ± 8.67 kg), and Chx (52.97 ± 12.12 to 54.89 ± 13.43 kg) each led to a significant increase in lean body mass compared with baseline (p < 0.0001), whereas the control condition did not (53.14 ± 11.35 to 54.19 ± 10.74 kg). Fat loss was also significantly decreased at 8 weeks compared to baseline for all protein sources (p < 0.0001; WPC: 18.70 ± 7.38 to 17.16 ± 7.18 kg; Beef: 16.43 ± 5.71 to 14.65 ± 5.41 kg; Chx: 17.58 ± 5.57 to 15.87 ± 6.07 kg), but not the control condition (16.29 ± 7.14 to 14.95 ± 7.72 kg). One repetition maximum for both deadlift and bench press was significantly increased for all treatment groups when compared with baseline. No differences in strength were noted between conditions. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate that consuming quality sources of protein from meat or WPC lead to significant benefits in body composition compared with control.

Acute exercise and periodized training in different environments affect histone deacetylase activity and interleukin-10 levels in peripheral blood of patients with type 2 diabetes

AimsOur purpose was to investigate the effects of aerobic periodized training in aquatic and land environments on plasma histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and cytokines levels in peripheral blood of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients. MethodsThe patients underwent 12 weeks of periodized training programs that including walking or running in a swimming pool (aquatic group) or in a track (dry land group). Blood samples were collected immediately before and after both first and last sessions. Plasma cytokine levels and HDAC activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) was measured. ResultsThe exercise performed in both environments similarly modulated the evaluated acetylation mark, global HDAC activity. However, a differential profile depending on the evaluated time point was detected, since exercise increased acutely HDAC activity in sedentary and after 12 weeks of training period, while a reduced HDAC activity was observed following periodized training (samples collected before the last session). Additionally, the 12 weeks of periodized exercise in both environments increased IL-10 levels. ConclusionsOur data support the hypothesis that the modulation of HDAC activity and inflammatory status might be at least partially related to exercise effects on T2DM. The periodized training performed in both aquatic and land environments impacts similarly epigenetic and inflammatory status.

Clinical Teaching Competences of Nursing Demonstrators at Faculty of Nursing Post Intervention program

Background: Nursing demonstrators' clinical teaching competences is the application of knowledge and the interpersonal relationship, decision-making and psychomotor skills expected for the practice role. Six major categories of competency are needed for nursing demonstrator including; professional, interpersonal relationship with students, personal, teaching practice, student evaluation and availability to students competence. Aim of the study was to design, implement, and evaluate an intervention program for nursing demonstrators on clinical teaching competences. Setting: the study was conducted at all nursing departments Faculty of Nursing and nursing students' clinical training areas of Tanta Main University Hospitals.Subjects: All (75) nursing demonstrators who are responsible for students training in clinical areas. Tools of data collection :Two tools were used including actual performance of nursing demonstrators' observational checklist and knowledge about nursing demonstrators' clinical teaching competences questionnaire. Results : preprogram none of nursing demonstrators had good level of total practice score and knowledge about clinical teaching competences. Significant improvement of nursing demonstrators' practice and knowledge was found immediate post and three months post program than preprogram .Conclusion: nursing demonstrators at Tanta University Faculty of Nursing had unsatisfied level of knowledge and performance for clinical teaching competences. Those nurse demonstrators have great need to attend periodically educational program to improve their competency in clinical teaching. Recommendation: conduction pre-employment orientation and periodic educational training program and workshop about clinical teaching competences.

An Integrated, Multifactorial Approach to Periodization for Optimal Performance in Individual and Team Sports.

Sports periodization has traditionally focused on the exercise aspect of athletic preparation, while neglecting the integration of other elements that can impact an athlete's readiness for peak competition performances. Integrated periodization allows the coordinated inclusion of multiple training components best suited for a given training phase into an athlete's program. The aim of this article is to review the available evidence underpinning integrated periodization, focusing on exercise training, recovery, nutrition, psychological skills, and skill acquisition as key factors by which athletic preparation can be periodized. The periodization of heat and altitude adaptation, body composition, and physical therapy is also considered. Despite recent criticism, various methods of exercise training periodization can contribute to performance enhancement in a variety of elite individual and team sports, such as soccer. In the latter, both physical and strategic periodization are useful tools for managing the heavy travel schedule, fatigue, and injuries that occur throughout a competitive season. Recovery interventions should be periodized (ie, withheld or emphasized) to influence acute and chronic training adaptation and performance. Nutrient intake and timing in relation to exercise and as part of the periodization of an athlete's training and competition calendar can also promote physiological adaptations and performance capacity. Psychological skills are a central component of athletic performance, and their periodization should cater to each athlete's individual needs and the needs of the team. Skill acquisition can also be integrated into an athlete's periodized training program to make a significant contribution to competition performance.

Risky behaviors of taxi drivers in Bandar Abbas, Iran.

Background and aimIt has been revealed that taxi drivers break more traffic rules than ordinary drivers. Such risky behaviors include stopping at prohibited areas and sudden change of direction. The present study aimed to determine the Risky Behaviors of Taxi Drivers in Bandar Abbas, IranMethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 184 taxi drivers were randomly selected from eight taxi stations located at different parts of Bandar Abbas city in 2016. Taxi drivers’ risky behaviors were evaluated via a 20-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 19, using descriptive statistics and independent-samples t-test. The p-values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age of the drivers was 45.1 (±11.1) years. The mean of their occupational experience was 18.7 (±10.8) years. The risky behaviors which showed the highest frequency were respectively, failure to use signal-lights, driving too close to the cars in front, refusing to drive within the lanes and erratic lane changing.The lowest frequency belonged to running a red light, ignoring ‘no entry’ signs and taking illegal U-turns. Risky driving behaviors were shown to be significantly more prevalent among drivers with previous experience of crashes or tickets than drivers with no such experiences (p<0.01).ConclusionIncreasing the role of police supervision for the strict implementation of driving laws, and modification of the drivers’ behavior and implementation of periodic training programs on drivers’ safety issues can be considered for reducing taxi drivers’ unsafe behaviors.

Periodization of exercise induces long-term weight loss while focusing strictly on improvements in cardiovascular and musculoskeletal fitness for individuals who are overfat

Exercise goals that tend to focus on weight loss have varying degrees of long-term success, leading to the phenomenon commonly referenced as yo-yo dieting. The aim of the investigation is to examine the impact of periodized training focused on specific performance goals on long-term weight loss and improvement in fitness for individuals who are overfat with long-term history of yo-yoing. 12 family-related overfat volunteers, 28 ± 5 year and average history of overfatness 8 ± 12 year, completed 108-week periodized training program, broken into 9–12 week mesocycles combining progressive and undulating periodization of exercise choice and training volume for specific improvements in performance measures. Diet was energy density standardized to Cal/d of 90–95% BMR and macronutrient standardized to have a protein intake of 2.2 g/kg BM and carbohydrates intake of 50–100 g/d. There was an average reduction of 35 ± 3% in total body mass and 72 ± 9% fat mass, with a gain of 9 ± 8% in fat-free mass across the length of the study. This was accompanied by 56 ± 3% increase in aerobic fitness and 52 ± 14% reduction in resting heart rate, and strength and endurance gains of 148 ± 65% (squat), 130 ± 10% (dead lift), 110 ± 33% (leg press), 88 ± 27% (lateral pull-downs), 102 ± 36% (bench press), and 720 ± 260% (1-min push-up) and 271 ± 44% (1-min sit-up). Periodized exercise focusing on performance changes, and not weight loss, may provide the stimulus necessary for long-term behavioral modification that is necessary for long-term changes to body composition, where the performance goals may induce a reward response and encourage continuation of exercise for longer durations than had previously attained.

Correlates to extravasation among patient receiving chemotherapy at a university hospital

Aim The aim of this study was to examine correlates associated with the occurrence of extravasations among patients receiving chemotherapy at a university hospital. Background Extravasation injuries are a medical emergency that have the potential to cause serious disability, diminish the patient’s quality of life, and leave nurses vulnerable to the risk of malpractice claims. Methods The study was conducted at a university Hospital in Cairo, Egypt. A convenience sample consisting of 300 adult male and female patients as well as all nurses working at the outpatient chemotherapy clinic (10 nurses) constituted the study sample. The following tools were used: (a) Patient Risk Factors Assessment Checklist for Extravasations, (b) Intravenous Administration of Chemotherapy via A peripheral Vein Checklist, and (c) Extravasations Recording Checklist. Results Only 11.4% of the participants had developed signs and/or symptoms of extravasations. The highest incidence rates of extravasations were among patients with age range between 18 and less than 30 years, among female patients, and among those who cannot read and write (17.24, 16.23, and 17.24%, respectively). Similarly, it was highest among those with uterine cancer, those with breast cancer, those with BMI less than 18.5, those having diabetes, those having hypertension, and those receiving nonirritant chemotherapy namely carboplatin (16, 15.3, 12.6, 12.2, 19.56, 14.29%. Conclusion Correlates to extravasations could be categorized as patients, chemotherapy, and environmental and nurses performance-related factors. Conducting periodic in-service training program for nurses and developing a standardized protocol of care in chemotherapy intravenous administration were strongly recommended.

Effects of Fat Grip Training on Muscular Strength and Driving Performance in Division I Male Golfers.

Cummings, PM, Waldman, HS, Krings, BM, Smith, JW, and McAllister, MJ. Effects of fat grip training on muscular strength and driving performance in division I male golfers. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 205-210, 2018-Fat grip (FG) training is implemented into strength and conditioning programs with the overall goal of increasing grip strength. Previous research assessing the effect of training with increased grip diameters compared with standard Olympic bar diameters has mainly been in acute settings. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine to effects FG training compared with normal diameter grip (CON) training during an 8-week periodized resistance training (RT) program in division I male golfers. Subjects (n = 10) were randomly assigned into 2 groups: the FG group (n = 5, scoring average: 75.4 ± 2.0) and CON group (n = 5, scoring average: 75.0 ± 0.5). Both groups participated in 8 weeks of RT (3 d·wk). The FG group completed every lift and repetition using FG, compared with the CON training group which used normal diameter bars. Pretraining and posttraining performance variables included swing speed, ball speed, driving distance, driving carry, maximum pull-ups to failure, right and left hand grip strength, and 1 repetition max trap-bar deadlift. The FG group demonstrated significant increases (p ≤ 0.05) in ball speed, carry, drive distance, and left hand grip strength after 8 weeks of RT. In a population, such as low-handicap division I male golfers, FG training may allow for athletes to increase golf-specific performance after 8 weeks of periodized RT. Strength and conditioning coaches may use FG training over the course of a training program with athletes who require adequate grip strength to further elicit training adaptations.

The Effects of Krill Oil on mTOR Signaling and Resistance Exercise: A Pilot Study.

Introduction Krill oil supplementation has been shown to improve postexercise immune function; however, its effect on muscle hypertrophy is currently unknown. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the ability of krill oil to stimulate mTOR signaling and its ability to augment resistance training-induced changes in body composition and performance. Methods C2C12 myoblasts cells were stimulated with krill oil or soy-derived phosphatidylcholine (S-PC), and then, the ratio of P-p70-389 to total p70 was used as readout for mTOR signaling. In double-blind, placebo-controlled study, resistance trained subjects consumed either 3 g krill oil daily or placebo, and each took part in an 8-week periodized resistance training program. Body composition, maximal strength, peak power, and rate of perceived recovery were assessed collectively at the end of weeks 0 and 8. In addition, safety parameters (comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), complete blood count (CBC), and urine analysis (UA)) and cognitive performance were measured pre- and posttesting. Results Krill oil significantly stimulated mTOR signaling in comparison to S-PC and control. No differences for markers on the CMP, CBC, or UA were observed. Krill oil significantly increased lean body mass from baseline (p=0.021, 1.4 kg, +2.1%); however, there were no statistically significant differences between groups for any measures taken. Conclusion Krill oil activates mTOR signaling. Krill oil supplementation in athletes is safe, and its effect on resistance exercise deserves further research.

Hazards and problems facing nurse at Hiwa Hospital in Slemani City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

A descriptive study with qualitative design has been carried out at Hiwa oncology hospital to identify the sort of hazards and problems facing the nurses in the work environment in sIemani city from the period of 26th 1st November/2016 to April/2017. The sample of (100) hospital nurses from different departments and different categories have been selected purposively which represent 76% of the total target of nurses. Questionnaire was a tool of the study consists from two main parts, the first one was Socio demographic attribute of the nurses and the second was types of hazards and problems facing them during work. Reliability was achieved in value of (r=0.78) and validation was proved through panel of experts from different universities from different countries, Baghdad/Iraq, Hawler/Kurdistan region/Iraq, Oman and Jordan. The results of the study have reveled different hazards and injuries as well as the problems are facing the nurses through daily working such as physical and psychological as well as biological. The study depicted statistical comparative differences between sociodemographic attributes and the sort of hazards as well as comparative statistical differences and positive correlation within occupational hazards. It concluded that age, gender and marital status have no impact and correlations with hazards exist in the work place. Therefore the study recommended that the nurses need periodic training program for strengthening their standards of precautions and health agency as well as ministry of health are accountable to deliver minimize the injuries and their exposure to different problems and violence.

Work Related Quality of Life of Female Workers in A Garments Factory

Readymade Garment (RMG) was the key source of earning foreign currencies and had been playing a vital role in creating employment opportunity for the rural marginal people since long. This study explored the work related quality of life of female garment workers. This cross sectional study was conducted during July 2016 to June 2017 and data were collected from 400 female garment workers through face to face interview by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The average age of the garment workers was 23.09 years. Most (86%) of the workers had some level of education and only 14% had no formal education. The workers ' minimum and maximum monthly income was BDT-8500 and BDT-33500 respectively. Most of them agreed that they had good infrastructure, sanitation and safety facilities in the work place. All the workers (100%) were satisfied with job facilities and majority (72%) had a clear understanding about goals and aims to do their job at workplace. The workers also had positive impression about the issues related to job satisfaction and working condition. The study also discussed about the sexual issues. 6%, 7% and 9% of the female workers agreed respectively that they were sexually abused in the job, by the co-workers and by the supervisors. Most of the workers agreed to the statement that this job helped them to maintain a good quality of life and they were more respected in the family and society. Educational status, monthly income, infrastructure, sanitation and health safety facilities were statistically significant with the work related quality of life (p = &lt;0.05). The study recommended improving workplace health facilities, needing based health care services, effective safery measures, providing periodic training programs, long term work provision and incentives for good work and opportunity for promotion.

Effects of linear and daily undulating periodized resistance training programs on measures of muscle hypertrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundPeriodization is an important component of resistance training programs. It is meant to improve adherence to the training regimen, allow for constant progression, help in avoiding plateaus, and reduce occurrence and severity of injuries. Previous findings regarding the effects of different periodization models on measures of muscle hypertrophy are equivocal. To provide a more in-depth look at the topic, we undertook a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of intervention trials comparing the effects of linear periodization (LP) and daily undulating periodization (DUP) resistance training programs on muscle hypertrophy.Materials and MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted through PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) and Open Access Theses and Dissertations (OATD).ResultsThe pooled standardized mean difference (Cohen’s d) from 13 eligible studies for the difference between the periodization models on muscle hypertrophy was −0.02 (95% confidence interval [−0.25, 0.21], p = 0.848).ConclusionsThe meta-analysis comparing LP and DUP indicated that the effects of the two periodization models on muscle hypertrophy are likely to be similar. However, more research is needed in this area, particularly among trained individuals and clinical populations. Future studies may benefit from using instruments that are more sensitive for detecting changes in muscle mass, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging.

Effects of a Periodized Training Program and a Traditional Military Training Program on Functional Movement and Y-Balance Tests in ROTC Cadets

Background: Functional movement screening (FMS) and Y-balance test (YBT) are assessment procedures used to examine the ‘quality’ of movement patterns and identify individuals that might have specific limitations or asymmetries. Low FMS and YBT scores have been linked with a higher risk of injury among athletic populations. Since FMS and YBT are becoming more widely used screening tools, it is important to examine the various training programs that could improve FMS and YBT scores. Purpose: This pilot study examined the effects of a 10-week periodized and traditional military training program on FMS, and upper and lower quadrant YBT scores of Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) Cadets. Methods: Subjects consisted of 36 Army and Air Force ROTC cadets (male=24, female=12), Age 19.7(yrs)±5.96, Height (cm)=175.7±9.28, Weight(kg)=75.70±13.41. The periodized, intervention group (IG n=24) trained for 1 hour/day, 4 days/week and the control group (CG n=12) participated in traditional ROTC training protocol for 1 hour/day, 3 days/week. A 2×2 mixed factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare mean change values of the FMS, upper, and lower quadrant YBT scores for intervention and control groups. Results: A significant interaction (p≤0.05) was observed for FMS scores. The control group had a much lower initial FMS score and demonstrated more improvement than the intervention group. Both groups demonstrated a significant increase in left side YBT upper (p=0.03) and lower (p=0.02) quadrant scores after 10-weeks of training. Conclusions: Since FMS and YBT scores are being used more frequently as screening tools for risk of injury, it is important to study methods that will improve FMS and YBT scores in diverse athletic populations. This study found larger improvements in FMS scores in ROTC cadets participating in a traditional military training program compared to cadets participating in a periodized strength training program. Scores in the left side of the YBT upper and lower quadrants were improved in both groups suggesting multiple training programs can improve function in non-dominant sides or asymmetries. Future studies are warranted and should address certain limitations that this study encountered (sample size and length of training period). Further exploration of FMS and YBT scores and mechanisms of improvement in tactical athletic populations would be beneficial.

Effect of Periodized Training on Sarcopenic Obesity and Physical Function in Prostate Cancer Survivors

For prostate cancer survivors (PCS) on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the loss of skeletal muscle and increase in adiposity, together called sarcopenic obesity, is a common adverse effect. Sarcopenia is also associated with decreases in strength and mobility. No studies to date have concomitantly improved sarcopenic obesity and physical function in PCS on ADT. This study attempts to improve on existing interventions by employing periodization to optimize physiological and performance adaptations. PURPOSE: This ongoing pilot trial investigates the effects of 12 weeks of periodized resistance training on sarcopenic obesity and physical function in PCS on ADT. METHODS: Eighteen PCS (65.6 ± 8.8 yr) on current or previous ADT were recruited from the USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center and randomized to periodized resistance training (PRT; n=9) or an attention control stretching program (CS; n=9). Outcomes were assessed at baseline and after the 12-wk intervention. Body composition was measured through dual-x-ray absorptiometry, estimated 1 RM strength was tested on leg press and seated row, and mobility was assessed through timed up and go. Appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), a common index of sarcopenia, was calculated from body composition. PRT performed a supervised total-body resistance exercise and stretching program 3 times a week. CS performed home-based stretching 3 times a week. Baseline group differences were tested with univariate ANOVA, while differences in all outcomes were tested with 2 (group) x 2 (time) ANOVA. RESULTS: No significant differences in characteristics or outcomes were found between groups at baseline (P > 0.05). Post-intervention, significant increases were observed in PRT compared to CS for appendicular skeletal mass (0.8 ± .4 kg; P = 0.04), ASMI (0.3 ± .1 kg/m2; P = 0.041), leg press (126.6 ± 31.7 kg; P = .004) and seated row (23.0 ± 3.5 kg; P < .001). A nonsignificant decrease in body fat (%) was observed in PRT compared to CS (1.3 ± .7 %; P = .067; d = 0.89). No differences were found in mobility. CONCLUSIONS:In PCS on ADT, a 12-wk periodized resistance training program improved skeletal muscle mass and strength. Future work is warranted to determine if adiposity can be attenuated and improvements sustained beyond the 12-wk intervention. Supported by an NSCAF doctoral grant.