Period Of Cycle Research Articles

Two-warehouse deterministic inventory model of expiry date known deteriorating items with just-in-time purchases for slotted backlogs

IntroductionA two-warehouse deterministic inventory system for purchases of short-expiry items with low purchasing costs is modelled. The total cost of the replenishment cycle is arrived at by implementing multiple just-in-time (JIT) purchases for the slotted backlogged customers. It avoids the loss of impatient customers who are virtually waiting for a long time.MethodsThe inventory system consists of an own warehouse (OW) with finite capacity and an integral rental warehouse (RW) with unlimited capacity. Handlingand selling items with short expiry is a challenging task in revenue generation in commercial inventory management. Two categories of identical items are purchased: Category 1 consists of items whose expiry date falls within the replenishment cycle period, while Category 2 includes items with longer expiry dates. Unlike the traditional assumption in the literature, the items in Category 1 are purchased for a low price and stored in RW. Items in Category 2 are stored in OW. Due to short expiry of items, demands are first satisfied from the RW. The items in the RW are emptied before the expiry date of the items, due to expiry date-dependent deterioration and constant demand. At the same time, the items in the OW are decreasing due to exponential demand and constant deterioration. All customers are backlogged during the stock-out period and slotted into three intervals. The finite number of JIT purchases is employed to satisfy the backlogged slotted demands that occur before the last slot.Results and DiscussionWe optimize the total cost of the replenishment cycle, RW utility, and total items purchased. The model is illustrated with an appropriate numerical example, and extensive sensitivity analysis is conducted on the system’s performance.

Dynamic multiday seizure cycles and evolving rhythms in a tetanus toxin rat model of epilepsy.

Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent, unpredictable seizures that impose significant challenges in daily management and treatment. One emerging area of interest is the identification of seizure cycles, including multiday patterns, which may offer insights into seizure prediction and treatment optimization. This study investigated multiday seizure cycles in a Tetanus Toxin (TT) rat model of epilepsy. Six TT-injected rats were observed over a 40-day period, with continuous EEG monitoring to record seizure events. Wavelet transform analysis revealed significant multiday cycles in seizure occurrences, with periods ranging from 4 to 7 days across different rats. Synchronization Index (SI) analysis demonstrated variable phase locking, with some rats showing strong synchronization of seizures with specific phases of the cycle. Importantly, the study revealed that these seizure cycles are dynamic and evolve over time, with some rats exhibiting shifts in cycle periods during the recording period. This suggests that the underlying neural mechanisms driving these cycles may change as the epileptic state progresses. The identification of stable and evolving multiday rhythms in seizure activity, independent of external factors, highlights a potential intrinsic biological basis for seizure timing. These findings offer promising avenues for improving seizure forecasting and designing personalized, timing-based therapeutic interventions in epilepsy. Future research should explore the underlying neural mechanisms and clinical applications of multiday seizure cycles.

Doppler velocity of m=1 high-latitude inertial mode over the last five sunspot cycles

A variety of solar global modes of oscillation in the inertial frequency range have been identified in maps of horizontal flows derived from GONG and HMI data. Among these, the high-latitude mode with azimuthal order m=1 (HL) has the largest amplitude and plays a role in shaping the Sun's differential rotation profile. We aim to study the evolution of the HL mode parameters, utilizing Dopplergrams from the Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO), GONG, and HMI, covering together five solar cycles since 1967. We calculated the averages of line-of-sight Doppler signals over longitude, weighted by the sine of longitude with respect to the central meridian, as a proxy for zonal velocity at the surface. We measured the mode's power and frequency from these zonal velocities at high latitudes in sliding time windows of three years. The HL mode is easily observed in the maps of zonal velocity at latitudes above 50 degrees, especially during solar minima. The mode parameters measured from the three independent data sets are consistent during their overlapping periods and agree with previous findings using HMI ring-diagram analysis. We find that the amplitude of the mode undergoes very large variations, taking maximum values at the start of solar cycles 21, 22, and 25, and during the rising phases of cycles 23 and 24. The mode amplitude is anticorrelated with the sunspot number (textrm corr =-0.50) but not correlated with the polar field strength. Over the period 1983--2022 the mode amplitude is strongly anticorrelated with the rotation rate at latitude $60^∘$ (textrm corr =-0.82), that is, with the rotation rate near the mode's critical latitude. The mode frequency variations are small and display no clear solar cycle periodicity above the noise level (∼ ± 3 nHz). Since about 1990, the mode frequency follows an overall decrease of ∼ 0.25 nHz/year, consistent with the long-term decrease of the angular velocity at $60^∘$ latitude. We have shown that the amplitude and frequency of the HL mode can be measured over the last five solar cycles, together with the line-of-sight projection of the velocity eigenfunction. We expect that these very long time series of the mode properties will be key to understand the dynamical interactions between the high-latitude modes, differential rotation, and (possibly) magnetic activity.

Barnacles dominate the winter diet of Calidris maritima (Purple Sandpiper) in Maine: A bona fide dietary shift or molecular techniques revealing an unknown diet composition?

Abstract At temperate latitudes, the overwintering period for birds is often longer than subsequent periods, and lower daily foraging success during this period may produce population-level impacts that are similar to or larger than those reported during shorter periods of the annual cycle. In this study, we use DNA metabarcoding of fecal samples to reveal previously undocumented characteristics of the winter diet of Calidris maritima (Purple Sandpiper) in Maine (USA), with potential implications for this population’s local overwintering declines during a recent 10-yr period. Of the 24 taxonomic groups detected, barnacles were the dominant prey item while mussels—a common diet item in previous studies—were rare. In addition, we identified both expected prey taxa (e.g., marine snails) and several less-expected taxa (e.g., terrestrial insects). Our study is the first to employ molecular techniques to describe C. maritima diet, and as a result, may have uncovered an unknown diet composition that was difficult to detect with morphological techniques. Alternatively, our results may be at least in part due to a recent dietary shift during a period of increased environmental warming in the Gulf of Maine, which has previously been correlated with declines of marine invertebrates that are known C. maritima prey items. This period of accelerated warming coincided with a steep decline in Maine’s C. maritima overwintering population that occurred from 2004 to 2014. The relationship between a putative dietary shift in our study and the recent declines in overwintering C. maritima in Maine is intriguing, but unclear and requires further tests of winter food limitation. Regardless, utilizing a novel technique to understand C. maritima diet has shed light on this species’ food resources during the long overwintering period.

Macrophages: a double-edged sword in female reproduction and disorders.

Reproduction consists of sequential inflammation-like events, primarily within the endometrium, from ovulation to embryo implantation, decidualization and delivery. During the reproductive cycle, the endometrium repeatedly undergoes cyclic periods of proliferation, differentiation, tissue breakdown and repair without scarring. Owing to their phagocytic activity, macrophages, key players in innate immunity, are thought to play crucial roles in the endometrium. Endometrial macrophages actively participate in various stages of reproductive tissue remodeling, particularly during decidualization and pregnancy establishment. Traditionally considered simple bystanders that clear debris to prevent autoimmune responses in tissue homeostasis, macrophages are now recognized as main actors with broad functional plasticity that allows them to fine tune the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses during tissue inflammation, remodeling and repair. Homeostatic balance is determined by the sum of various mediators produced by two distinctly polarized macrophage subpopulations. The biased polarization of tissue-resident macrophages may contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as inflammation and cancer. Thus, understanding how macrophages contribute to endometrial homeostasis is crucial for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of various reproductive disorders. Nanomedicines using extracellular vesicles, nanoparticles and noncoding RNAs have recently been applied to modulate macrophage polarization and alleviate disease phenotypes. Despite these advances, the functions of endometrial macrophages under physiological and pathophysiological conditions remain poorly understood, which complicates the development of targeted therapies. Here we update the current understanding of the homeostatic function of macrophages and the putative contribution of endometrial macrophage dysfunction to reproductive disorders in women, along with innovative molecular therapeutics to resolve this issue.

Influence of multi-stage infrared heating on the efficiency and uniformity of asphalt pavement hot in-place recycling

To enhance heating uniformity and efficiency in the hot in-place recycling process of asphalt pavements, a multi-stage infrared intermittent heating method is developed through the creation of a physical and mathematical model for collaborative heating, analyzed using the finite element simulation software. This method is compared with a traditional single-step heating approach, with a focus on evaluating heating effects under various parameter configurations. Findings indicate that continuous and single-step intermittent infrared heating can cause asphalt pavement ignition and coking, resulting in severe asphalt aging. In contrast, multi-stage intermittent heating reduces maximum pavement surface temperatures as quenching intervals increase, though at the cost of prolonged total construction time and reduced heating efficiency. For two-step intermittent heating, a consistent cyclic heating period lowers the peak pavement temperature and reduces the heating time but significantly lengthens the total construction duration, thus impacting the overall efficiency. When assessing the construction quality, heating rate, efficiency, and energy consumption, the multi-stage intermittent heating method 1 demonstrates superiority over alternative approaches.

Anomalies in Daily Anisotropy During the Transition Period of Solar Cycles 24 and 25

Anomalies in Daily Anisotropy During the Transition Period of Solar Cycles 24 and 25

Aerobic exercise to alleviate primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents and young women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aerobic exercise has been confirmed to alleviate primary dysmenorrhea (PD) in adolescents and young women. However, the effect of the aerobic exercise type and dosage on PD alleviation was unclear. This research aims to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on PD and investigate the dose-response relationships. Systematic literature searches of Web of Science, Embass, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycNET, CINAHL, CNKI, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar, and other Complimentary Medicine Database. PICOS standards were adopted in this research: participants were nonathlete women with PD; intervention was aerobic exercise of at least one menstruation cycle; comparator was any comparator; outcomes were pain intensity or pain duration; and study type was randomized controlled trials. The Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the research. Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted for pain intensity and pain duration, with prespecified subgroup analyses based on aerobic exercise components. The strength of the evidence was assessed using GRADE. This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024533544). The study identified 16 eligible studies, with 15 involving adolescents, totaling 918 participants aged 15 to 43, with an average age of 21.26 ± 13.15. The results confirmed that aerobic exercise can alleviate PD's pain intensity (standard mean difference (SMD) = -1.728 (p = 0.00), 95% CI [-2.26 to -1.31]) and pain duration (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -12.53 h, p = 0.01, 95% CI: -21.38 to -3.68). However, the heterogeneity of these two results was high. Subgroup analysis showed that Pilates (SMD = -3.17, 95% CI [-4.26 to -2.07]), low intensity (SMD = -1.64, 95% CI [-2.10 to -1.19]), 31-45 min duration (SMD = -3.05, 95% CI [-5.36 to -0.75]), ≤2 times per week frequency (SMD = -2.24, 95% CI [-3.36 to -1.12]), and a period cycle of 2 menstrual cycles (SMD = -2.21, 95% CI [-3.13 to -1.28]) had the maximum effect size. Aerobic exercise was able to alleviate pain intensity and pain duration in adolescents and young women with PD. Moderate-quality evidence indicates that Pilates, low intensity, 46-60 min, ≤two times per week, or two menstrual cycles showed more efficiency in alleviating PD. Due to the limited data, future research should prioritize conducting randomized controlled trials of aerobic exercise interventions in younger age groups to develop personalized treatment strategies for adolescents.

Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearings Based on Acoustic Signals in Strong Noise Environments

Compared to vibration sensors, microphones offer several advantages, including non-contact detection, high sensitivity, low cost, and ease of installation. To address the challenges posed by the complex components and significant interference in rolling bearing sound signals, we proposed a fault diagnosis method for rolling bearing acoustic signals based on Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm (SBOA)-optimized Feature Mode Decomposition (FMD). Initially, a microphone is utilized to collect sound data while the bearing operates, followed by the application of S-FMD (Secretary Bird Optimization Algorithm-optimized Feature Mode Decomposition) to decompose the sound signal and extract components that may contain fault information related to the bearing. The SBOA is employed to adaptively optimize four influencing parameters of FMD: mode number n, filter length L, frequency band cutting number K, and cycle period m. By minimizing envelope entropy as the objective function, we achieve FMD of the bearing sound signal with the assistance of the SBOA. Additionally, this paper introduces an Integrated Signal Evaluation Index (ISEI) to extract potential bearing failure characteristics from the filtered components. Simulation experiments and test results indicate that, compared to Empirical Mode Decomposition, Complementary Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition, fixed-parameter FMD, and adaptive variational mode decomposition methods, the proposed approach more effectively extracts weak characteristic information related to early faults in bearing sound signals.

P-2332. Pre to Post COVID-19 pandemic: Analyzing Recovery of Respiratory Viral Circulation Patterns

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting worldwide countermeasures immediately impacted the circulation of endemic respiratory viruses. Yet the dynamics of recovery have varied between species. We hypothesize the level of disruption in virus circulation and the time to return to pre-pandemic norms is dependent on circulation overlap with the pandemic strain. Methods Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis and continuous wavelet analysis of univariate times series (Morlet) was conducted on Cleveland Clinic respiratory virus results from 2015 through 2023. Data was analyzed on individual virus species grouped in 3 seasonality patterns: wintertime (FLUA, FLUB, RSV), springtime (HMPV, PIV3) and year-round (ADENO, RHINO/ENTERO). Pre and post pandemic trends in positivity, peak shift analysis and periodic cycle were assessed. Results FLUA positivity dropped by 11% (95% CI 7.4-14%) in first effective quarter post-pandemic and gradually increased (+1.9% per year, p=.046) afterwards. The dominant cycle shifted from annual pre-pandemic to semiannual, with virus incidence peaks (median week) at 21-W50, 22-W17, and 22-W51, respectively, departing from the pre-pandemic baseline (W7, p < 0.001). RSV positivity decreased by 2.6% per year after the pandemic (95% CI 1.2-4.0%). The annual cycle remained dominant, but peak incidence of RSV shifted earlier then gradually normalized (baseline-W1 vs. 21-W39 vs. 23-W45, p< .0001). FLUB positivity significantly decreased postpandemic (0.18% vs 6.1%, p< .0001). No significant impact on PIV3 and HMPV positivity occurred. Both viruses showed an annual cycle dominance throughout, with a semiannual cycle only observed post-pandemic. ADENO showed decreasing trends before the pandemic and increasing trends after the pandemic (-0.63% vs +0.94%, p=.001). Both ADENO and RHINO/ENTERO did not show changes in circulation with no distinct peaks observed. Conclusion Pandemic circulation disproportionately affects co-circulating viruses. Wintertime dominant viruses experienced prolonged displacement and have yet to return to pre-pandemic norms. Conversely, spring and year-round viruses were only modestly displaced and are now near pre-pandemic baseline. This study holds important implications for public health preparedness for future pandemics. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

ПОБУДОВА ТРЕНУВАЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕСУ КВАЛІФІКОВАНИХ ВОЛЕЙБОЛІСТІВ НА ОСНОВІ ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ

Relevance. The generalization of literary sources confirmed the prospects of using the programming method in team sports and the relevance of studying the problem of constructing programs of structural formations of the qualified volleyball players’ training process to optimize training effects. The purpose of the study is to develop programs of structural formations of the qualified volleyball players’ training process within the preparatory period of the annual training cycle and experimentally substantiate their effectiveness. Material and methods. The study involved 16 players (qualification: 1st category and KMS) of the volleyball club "MHP-Ladyzhyn", a participant in the Super League Championship of Ukraine. Research methods: theoretical analysis of literary sources, pedagogical testing, pedagogical observation, analysis of competitive activity, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results. A program to construct the training process of qualified volleyball players in the preparatory period was developed. It included components of training loads, such as volume (7680 min), load value (56377 points according to the total load value coefficient) and load intensity (7.2 points/min on average in the period); quantitative indicators of the training process, such as training sessions, in particular, non-specialized (21), specialized (28) and complex (27), as well as games, in particular, training (14) and control (6); training means, such as general preparatory (in the amount of 3780 min, which is 49.2 %), special preparatory (in the amount of 580 min, which is 7.6 %), preparatory (in the amount of 2200 min, which is 28.6 %) and competitive (in the amount of 1120 min, which is 14.6 %); criteria for the effectiveness of the training process (model qualitative indicators of competitive activity and indicators of physical fitness). Conclusions. The implementation of programs of structural formations of the qualified volleyball players training process within the preparatory period contributed to a statistically significant improvement in most of the studied indicators of physical fitness and competitive activity of players within 2.8-6.7 %, which confirms the effectiveness of using the programming method in constructing the training process.

Analytic approximation of periodic orbits with renormalization group

Abstract The renormalization group analysis has been proposed to eliminate secular terms in perturbation solutions of differential equations and thus expand the domain of their validity. Here we extend the method to treat periodic orbits or limit cycles. Interesting normal forms could be derived through a generalization of the concept 'resonance', which offers nontrivial analytic approximations. Compared with traditional techniques such as multi-scale methods, the current scheme proceeds in a very straightforward and simple way, delivering not only the period and the amplitude but also the transient path to limit cycles. The method is demonstrated with several examples including Duffing oscillator, Van der Pol equation and Lorenz equation. The obtained solutions match well with numerical results as well as those derived by traditional analytic methods.

Is the risk of bank vole infection with cestodes related to the population dynamics regime?

The bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780)) is the dominant species in the primary fir-spruce forests of the Visim State Biosphere Reserve in the Middle Urals. Here, we studied the long-term population dynamics of small mammals and infection rates with cestode larvae (Cestoida) of bank voles from 1995 to 2021. In addition to the traditionally studied risk factors of parasite infection (e.g., age and sex, phase of population cycle of the host), we assessed the possible influence of the intermediate host population dynamics by contrasting parts of the time series with regular 3-year cyclicity and noncyclic regime. The overall risk of larval cestode infections was 5.0% (95% CI: 4-6%, Ninfected = 97, Ntotal = 1938). The infection rate was associated with the animals' age and, unexpectedly, with the intermediate host population dynamics regime. The odds of finding cestode larvae in overwintered individuals were 4.3 times (2.8-6.6) higher than in young of the year, and in the noncyclic regime, the odds were 2.3 times (1.5-3.5) higher than in the 3-year cyclicity regime. No statistically significant higher risk of infection was found for males compared to females as the infection rate was only 1.4 times (0.9-2.1, ≈ 1) higher. The higher infection rates of overwintered individuals were as expected for individuals associated with longer exposure to the invasive parasite stages. We hypothesised that the noncyclic regime in long-term fluctuations of rodent numbers better resonates with the characteristic period of the cestodes' life cycle, resulting in higher infection rates.

ANALYSIS OF RAINFALL PATTERNS IN THE NUSA TENGGARA REGION USING THE FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM (FFT) METHOD AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH EL-NIÑO AND IOD

Changes in rainfall patterns have a significant impact on agriculture and water management in arid regions such as Nusa Tenggara. Water availability in this region is highly dependent on rainfall, which is influenced by global climate phenomena such as El-Niño and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). This study aims to analyze the characteristics of rainfall patterns and analyze the relationship between rainfall and the El-Niño and IOD phenomena. Daily rainfall data from three BMKG observation stations in West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara during the period 1983-2022 were used in the analysis. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) method is used to identify periodic cycles, while the Pearson correlation test is used to determine the relationship of rainfall with El-Niño and IOD. The analysis shows that the Nusa Tenggara region is characterized by a monsoonal rainfall pattern with an annual cycle (12 months). Peak rainfall occurs in January and December, while the dry season lasts from July to September. The correlation of rainfall with El-Niño shows a weak negative relationship, while the influence of IOD is very small and varies between locations. The analysis shows that the rainfall pattern in the Nusa Tenggara region is monsoonal with an annual cycle (12 months) and semi-annual cycle (6 months). The peak of rainfall occurs from December to January, while the dry season lasts from July to September. The relationship between rainfall and El-Niño shows a weak negative correlation, so that when El-Niño increases, rainfall tends to decrease, and vice versa. The influence of IOD on rainfall is very small and varies between locations. Overall, while both El-Niño and IOD affect rainfall, their impact in the region is weak and more significant when both phenomena occur together.

Orbits of families of discrete dynamical systems evolving in the natural numbers

In this paper, we give a class of one-dimensional discrete dynamical systems with state space N+. This class of systems is defined by two parameters: one of them sets the number of nearest neighbors that determine the rule of evolution, and the other parameter determines a segment of natural numbers Λ={1,2,…,b}. In particular, we investigate the behavior of a class of one-dimensional maps where an integer moves to an other integer given by the sum of the nearest neighbors minus a multiple of b∈N+. We find the coexistence of fixed points and periodic cycles. Two single parameter families of maps are introduced and their dynamics in the segment of natural sequence Λ. Furthermore, an order of the numbers of the set Λ−b is given by these families. Last, we present a connection of the N+ generated by the orbits of a particular case.

Investigation of Intake Buzz Focusing on Shock Wave Movement and Inflow/Outflow Balance

The intake buzz is one of the most important matters to be overcome in supersonic and hypersonic airbreathing engines. However, the buzz mechanism has not been adequately revealed yet, and further investigation is required. During the pressure-increasing period of a buzz cycle, the inflow rate exceeds the outflow rate, so the high-pressure region expands upstream inside the intake, accompanied by the upstream movement of the terminal shock wave. In this paper, the mechanism of this period was investigated numerically by changing an exit nozzle blockage to vary the outflow rate. As a result, the novel idea that the buzz phenomenon is governed by the governing equations of the moving normal shock wave as well as the mass conservation law is introduced. This is because the intake backpressure waveform and the moving velocity of the terminal shock wave are revealed to be unaffected by the outflow rate during a certain portion of the pressure-increasing period.

Hormetic response to pesticides in diapausing bees.

Pollinators face declines and diversity loss associated with multiple stressors, particularly pesticides. Most pollination services are provided by annual bees that undergo winter diapause, and many common pesticides are highly soluble in water and move through soil and plants where bees hibernate and feed, yet the effects of pesticides on pollinators' diapause survival and performance are poorly understood. Pesticides may have complex effects in bees, and some were shown to induce hormetic effects on various traits characterized by high-dose inhibition coupled with low-dose stimulation. Here, we examined the occurrence of hormesis in the responses of bees to imidacloprid. We found that while longevity and reproduction were reduced following exposure to imidacloprid, the survival length of new queens (gynes) was greater. Diapause is a critical period in the life cycle of most bees with profound effects on their health. Exposure to sublethal doses of pesticides may increase bees' resistance to stress/cold during diapause but may also trade off with reduced reproductive performance later in life. Identifying these trade-offs is crucial to understanding how stressors affect pollinator health and should be accounted for when assessing pesticide risk, designing studies and facilitating conservation and management tools for supporting annual bees during diapause.

Dynamics of price formation on complex networks.

Networks mediate our economic interactions. From spatial networks representing transportation routes, to more abstract networks of similarity among products, we interact, trade, and compete over networks with a complex structure. Nevertheless, classical economic models of how prices are formed under competition, such as the Edgeworth and the Hotelling models, completely neglect the network structure of real markets. Here, we introduce a dynamical model of price formation, where sellers and buyers are placed on the nodes of a network with any arbitrarily complex topology. Buyers are modeled as random walkers with perfect or limited information about the market, and their distribution depends on the prices and positions of sellers. Concurrently, sellers dynamically adjust their prices to maximize their payoff, based on the current distribution of buyers. These two dynamical processes coevolve and we show that, depending on the positions of the sellers and on the level of information available to the buyers, the model can either converge to fixed prices, or produce cycles of different amplitudes and periods, similar to those observed in real-world markets. By unveiling how competition depends dynamically on the structure of a market, our model allows to quantify the strength of competition in real-world markets and also to identify the most profitable locations for a seller. We use urban street patterns of different cities from all over the world, as examples of spatial networks, to illustrate a novel measure of node centrality, which ranks nodes based on the payoff earned by a seller placed on that node.

СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ВЕРТИКАЛЬНЫЕ ДВИЖЕНИЯ ЗЕМНОЙ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЮГА О. САХАЛИН ПО ДАННЫМ GNSS НАБЛЮДЕНИЙ

In the regional structural-neotectonic aspect, the south of Sakhalin Island consists of three submeridional uplifts and two troughs separating them. The geodynamic GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) network installed in the south of the island made it possible to estimate secular vertical movements of the earth's surface based on interseismic velocities in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame. The interseismic vertical movements of neotectonic structures were determined from the data of 29 GNSS observation points where 3 to 6 periodic measurement cycles were completed from 1999 to 2012. A characteristic feature of interseismic movements of the earth's surface is the uplift of the entire Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk neotectonic region at an average rate of 1.1 mm/yr, which is in the agreement with the geological and geomorphological studies of the neotectonic evolution of Sakhalin. The highest velocities (1.0–1.6 mm /yr) are confined to uplifts, relatively lower velocities (0.6–0.7 mm/yr) occur in troughs. The revealed inhomogeneities of vertical velocities in the troughs are reflected in the regional field of horizontal deformations and kinematics of faults bounding the troughs. The obtained estimates of the secular neotectonic rates do not agree with the Map of recent vertical movements of the earth's crust of the Sakhalin Island (hereinafter referred to as the RVMEC Map) compiled in the late 1970s. Its geodetic justification was based on the lines of repeated high-precision leveling and the data of sea level observation posts. According to the RVMEC Map, the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk neotectonic region, as a whole, was characterized by the subsidence of the earth's surface at rates up to 7–8 mm/yr both within the neotectonic uplifts and the troughs and were interpreted as secular tectonic movements. Strong seismic events that occurred during the period of repeated leveling (1959–1977) distorted the RVMEC Map as a map of secular tectonic movements in southern Sakhalin.

Impact of partial regeneration method on the reduction of CO2 desorption energy

Amine-functionalized solid materials have shown efficacy for low-concentration CO2 environments; however, their regeneration is often hindered by slow desorption kinetics at low temperatures. To address this, an innovative approach termed “The Partial Regeneration Method” is introduced as a driving method to enable low-temperature regeneration of CO2 adsorbents at low concentration levels. Analysis of desorption kinetics mechanisms reveal that at low temperatures, CO2 molecules exhibit reduced kinetic energy and intraparticle diffusion coefficients. Furthermore, as it approaches chemical equilibrium temperature, the re-adsorption reaction rate increases. The partial regeneration method which selectively targets CO2 molecules with low re-adsorption rates could be more effective in a such low temperature conditions. This method involves intentionally halting regeneration midway and proceeding to the next adsorption process. Experimental application of specific energy requirements and scenario analysis demonstrated a 50.7% decrease in energy consumption compared to the conventional methods. By optimizing amine loading to reduce excessive re-adsorption, the shortened cycle period compensates for the decreased adsorption per cycle. Increasing the number of cycles led to a 97.5% improvement in CO2 adsorption capacity over a one-month period. Thus, when faced with unavoidable inefficient low-temperature regeneration conditions, the proposed partial regeneration method emerges as a promising solution for minimizing energy consumption.