Prohibition Period Research Articles

Impacts of cyclone and flood on crop and fish production in disaster prone coastal Bhola district of Bangladesh

This study assessed the impact of climate change induced disaster on crops and fisheries production at Bhola Sadar and Monpura upazila of Bhola district, Bangladesh during January to June 2018. The study was gathered primary data from primary observation (PO), questionnaire survey (QS), focus group discussion (FGD), and key informant interview (KII). Secondary data were collected from Upazila Agricultural Office and Upazila Fisheries Office of Bhola Sadar and Manpura upazila and moreover, climatic data were collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Results of the study found that trend analysis indicates overall annual maximum temperature increased for Kharif-I, Kharif-II and Rabi season. Average annual minimum temperature also increased for Kharif-I season but decreased for Kharif-II and Rabi season. Study also found that for all cropping season average relative humidity was increased. Annual average rainfall exhibited decreasing trend for Kharif-I and Rabi season but increased for Kharif-II season in (1990-2019) time period. The Aus, T. Aman, Boro and Mung bean was dominant cropping pattern in Kharif-I, Kharif- II and Rabi season in Bhola district. Overall, Aus rice production in Kharif-I season increased but in 2009, 2013 production was decreased because of cyclone Aila (2009) and Cyclone Mahasen (2013). T. Aman production hampered due to Cyclone Sidr (2007) and flood (2014) in Kharif-II season. In Rabi season Boro rice production lessen because of low rainfall and salinity intrusion. Overall, Mung bean production increase but in 2008 and 2009 production become hampered due to late cultivation because of Cyclone Sidr (2007). Fish production rate increase in Bhola specially Hilsha fish because of non-climatic factor like raid in non-fishing time, banned current net but fish production in pond become diminished due to infrequent natural disaster. Practicing of salt and flood tolerant varieties, floating bed vegetable cultivation, and mixed cropping system (mainly for Rabi season), enhanced expedition activities against catching mother Ilish in prohibition period, dredging in the heart of the river which can eventually reduce vulnerabilities and increase crop and fish production in the Bhola region.
 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(1): 40-55, June 2020

ДАЙДЖЕСТ ONLINE-ЗАХОДІВ ІНСТИТУТУ ПРОБЛЕМ ВИХОВАННЯ НАПН УКРАЇНИ

Інститут проблем виховання НАПН України, як і кожна наукова установа України, в умовах пандемії COVID-19 був вимушений радикально трансформувати операційну діяльність. Якщо донедавна вона розгорталася в умовах фізичного часу та простору, то карантинні заходи сприяли переведенню більшої частини наукової активності у віртуальний простір. Вимушена і неминуча діджиталізація сприяла повноцінному використанню тих можливостей, які виникли в результаті закриття закладів освіти на період карантину, соціального дистанціювання, заборони масових заходів. Оскільки в таких умовах опинилося абсолютно все населення, вчені Інституту проблем виховання НАПН України розгорнули системну наукову комунікацію з педагогами та батьками через офіційну сторінку у Facebook та на YouTube-каналі. Ця стаття є коротким дайджестом наукової активності за понад 30 днів карантину.

Racism and Its Effect on Cannabis Research.

Racism and Its Effect on Cannabis Research.

The Incredible Story of the Book “The Country of White Lilies” of Grigoriy Petrov

Many works about Russian exile literature written abroad were unpublished for years during the Soviet Union period. Some of these works, which lost their originals in Russian language, met with the Russian readers in the 1990s after being translated from the Western languages in Russian. The Russian writer Grigory Spriridovich Petrov’s book The Country of White Lilies due to the intense interest of the Turkish readers was preserved in the approximately 60 years period of prohibition. The book and his author, whose name was forgotten in the Soviet Union, continued to be published in the Balkans and Asia and only 81 years later was published in Russian language. The original was first translated in Turkish and from the Turkish translation the book was translated in Arabic and Finnish. The Country of White Lilies has more than eighty publications and up to ten different translations from Bulgarian and Russian editions in Turkey.

Study on the Timely Adjustment of the Grazing Prohibition Policy: Ban or Lift? Empirical Research from Local Government Managers

As national policy implementers and regional development planners, local government managers have a clearer, more objective and comprehensive understanding of ecological changes than herdsmen. Thus, they have a significant impact on the sustainable development of grassland resources and agricultural and pastoral areas. In this paper, grassland ecological change and related factors in different stages were investigated by means of questionnaires and structured interviews, and the adjustment strategies of grazing prohibition policy were studied. The perception of local government managers was that there was an improvement in grassland ecology, coverage, quality, yield, and in species richness in the early grazing prohibition period. There was, furthermore, an obvious improvement in the intermediate stage and a significant improvement with some degradation in its current stage. The grazing prohibition policy urgently needs to be adjusted according to the management pattern and to the limited time and space. It is necessary to improve the standard of ecological compensation and bolster herdsmen livelihoods, diversification, and non-agriculturalization. Based on the non-equilibrium theory and polycentric governance, the multi-central grassland governance and control system should be created in future.

Tango along the Canadian–American Border in the 1920s

ABSTRACTFrom 1920 until 1933, American Prohibition altered relations between Canada and the United States. Prohibition contributed to the advent of an underground liquor economy predicated on a pattern of widespread cross-border smuggling and forced the agencies overseeing the border to bring the situation under control. I examine Canadian and American customs organizations with especial focus on the Québec–New York State and Vermont border. The pressure on Canada’s Customs and Excise Department was strong. The US government wanted to ban Canadian liquor imports. Members of the Canadian liquor cartel wanted the exact reverse. The Canadian department, sensitive to the prosperity of the unprecedented rise in Canada’s liquor production, was overwhelmed by the scope of illegal liquor activities. Moreover, under the influence of the liquor economy, Customs and Excise experienced corruption within its ranks. The period of prohibition was one of tension, along the border, between police and smugglers, and between countries with different interests and priorities. It is a significant episode in an ongoing relationship (or dance) between close partners.

PM 3/59 (3) Synchytrium endobioticum: descheduling of previously infested plots

Specific scopeThis Standard describes a procedure for descheduling plots previously infested by Synchytrium endobioticum.Specific approval and amendmentFirst approved in 1999‐09.Revisions approved in 2003‐09 and in 2017‐09.

Concevoir Une Société Yacouba Sans La Pratique De L’excision, Une Équation Impossible ?

The practice of violence against women is becoming increasingly acute in Côte d'Ivoire. The forms and frequencies vary from one cultural area to another. Thus, in the west, in the Tonkpi, female genital mutilation (FGM), occupy the heights of forms of gender-based violence (GVA), (CRD, 2016). In order to identify the strategies of circumcisers in this period of prohibition of FGM and the representations that underpin this practice, in spite of national and international policies, research was carried out in three sub-prefectures of the department of Man and Biankouma from February to March 2016. This is a qualitative study. The results confirmed that the attachment to custom and the adoption of new strategies are the factors explaining the persistence of the practice of excision in Côte d'Ivoire.

Reproductive Characteristics of the Point Arena Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra)

Abstract Little is known about the ecology and life history of the federally endangered Point Arena mountain beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra). The distribution of this primitive burrowing rodent is disjunct from the balance of the species' range and occurs in a unique maritime environment of coastal grasslands and forests. Fundamental to protecting this taxon is knowledge of its breeding season and other reproductive characteristics. This information is necessary so that ground-disturbing activities near burrow systems can be scheduled to avoid the breeding season. We examined the reproductive status of 38 individuals, captured 150 times, from June 2004–July 2005 (excluding 01 February–01 May when we were prohibited from trapping). We used changes in vaginal cytology to monitor estrus and we evaluated male breeding readiness by determining whether testes were scrotal. The earliest onset of estrus occurred on 02 December and it was detected until the trapping prohibition period began on 01 February. The firs...

Paraquat prohibition and change in the suicide rate and methods in South Korea.

The annual suicide rate in South Korea is the highest among the developed countries. Paraquat is a highly lethal herbicide, commonly used in South Korea as a means for suicide. We have studied the effect of the 2011 paraquat prohibition on the national suicide rate and method of suicide in South Korea. We obtained the monthly suicide rate from 2005 to 2013 in South Korea. In our analyses, we adjusted for the effects of celebrity suicides, and economic, meteorological, and seasonal factors on suicide rate. We employed change point analysis to determine the effect of paraquat prohibition on suicide rate over time, and the results were verified by structural change analysis, an alternative statistical method. After the paraquat prohibition period in South Korea, there was a significant reduction in the total suicide rate and suicide rate by poisoning with herbicides or fungicides in all age groups and in both genders. The estimated suicide rates during this period decreased by 10.0% and 46.1% for total suicides and suicides by poisoning of herbicides or fungicides, respectively. In addition, method substitution effect of paraquat prohibition was found in suicide by poisoning by carbon monoxide, which did not exceed the reduction in the suicide rate of poisoning with herbicides or fungicides. In South Korea, paraquat prohibition led to a lower rate of suicide by paraquat poisoning, as well as a reduction in the overall suicide rate. Paraquat prohibition should be considered as a national suicide prevention strategy in developing and developed countries alongside careful observation for method substitution effects.

Cryptic Canada: Unsolved Mysteries from Coast to Coast by N. Hyde

Hyde, Natalie. Cryptic Canada: Unsolved Mysteries from Coast to Coast. Toronto, ON: Owlkids Books, 2012. Print.Many of the ‘unsolved mysteries’ in Cryptic Canada are not mysteries. Most of the chapters are about well-known archaeological or historic sites where there are always more questions to be asked but their main mysteries have been solved. Others fall into the realm of pseudoscience. The ‘mysteries’ presented are: the Oak Island Buried Treasure, the ice mummies of Sir John Franklin’s crew on Beechey Island, L’Anse aux Meadows, the tunnels under Moose Jaw, The Freemasons in Winnipeg, ships sunk in the Great Lakes and the Majorville Stone Circle. The authority of the content of this book is highly variable. For most of the chapters, the facts are well-known, and the material is presented factually. For example, The Great Lakes Triangle, where many ships have ‘disappeared’, is known to have very bad storms and magnetic anomalies that disrupt navigation equipment. The only mystery is the location of the sunken ships. Often the stories are supported by a question and answer with an expert. In the case of the Beechey Island ice mummies, the expert is Dr. Owen Beattie, the distinguished anthropologist who led the excavation. For the Tunnels of Moose Jaw, the expert is the cast director for a group that does re-enactments of the illegal alcohol operations during the Prohibition period. We are not told if that person is an historian. The most disconcerting of the mysteries presented is that of ‘Canada’s Stonehenge’, correctly known as the Majorville Medicine Wheel or by its Siksika name, Omahkiyaahkohtoohp. Hyde presents this as a celestial calendar. Medicine wheels are Indigenous ceremonial structures. They are quite common in Alberta, some of them built in the past century. These “modern Blood Indian structures were built to commemorate the death place of, or the last tipi occupied by, a famous warrior”1 and are unrelated to calendars. The Royal Alberta Museum cites two astronomers who point out that Indigenous prairie people probably timed their ceremonies simply by observing the night sky and would have had no need for a celestial calendar. This book is colourful and nicely designed. Background colours and textures vary and text boxes overlay images. Both Matt Hammill’s cartoon drawings and modern and archival photographs are used to illustrate the text and tell the stories. The text succinctly captures the main concepts of each history/mystery and the language is appropriate to the upper elementary target audience.While this work can be viewed as just a harmless bit of fun, it may be a child’s first introduction to these histories. With the unfortunate distortion of the stories to emphasize as mystery, things which are not mysterious at all, and the unevenness of the authority of some of its resources, this book would be a good choice only as an alternative for libraries that already have authoritative historical texts. “What is a medicine wheel?” Royal Alberta Museum, 2013 http://www.royalalbertamuseum.ca/research/culturalStudies/archaeology/faq.cfmRecommended with Reservations: 2 stars out of 4 Reviewer: Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.

Review of Marijuana Use in the Adolescent Population and Implications of its Legalization in the United States

With the changing attitudes towards the legality of marijuana in the United States (US), there has been an abundance of rhetoric surrounding the potential societal effects of decriminalized cannabis use. These statements vary in degree from visions of the downfall of our moral and productive civilization, to the elimination of drug crime and a windfall of economic growth. From either side of this divisive issue, there has been a strongly expressed concern of the unknown consequences of a more readily available cannabis supply to the adolescent population, followed by what measures should be taken to curtail this risk. Given this country's unique relationship with mindaltering substances, a great deal of comparisons have been made with alcohol, as it is also a substance of recreation as well as abuse that is currently legal but has also gone through a period of prohibition. This paper looks to examine the validity of this comparison, as well as reviews the current research on the effects of early cannabis use on the adolescent brain.

Organochlorine pesticides in seawater and the surrounding atmosphere of the marginal seas of China: Spatial distribution, sources and air–water exchange

Shipboard air and surface seawater samples collected over the Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). In air, γ‐hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), trans-chlordane (TC) and cis-chlordane (CC) had significantly (p<0.001) higher concentrations than α-HCH, o,p′-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDT and α-endosulfan. Generally, α-HCH concentrations in the atmosphere were quite uniform over the Chinese marginal seas. However, the highest concentrations of γ-HCH, TC, CC and DDT compounds were found in the southern parts of the marginal seas, and higher concentrations of α-endosulfan were observed in the northern part of the marginal seas. In water, the OCP concentrations varied over a narrow range, with hundreds picogram per liter levels. Air–water exchange gradients suggested net deposition or equilibrium for γ-HCH and o,p′-DDT and net volatilization for α-HCH, CC, TC, p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT. Due to the potential source of those compounds from coastal water runoff, the ocean water played an important role of OCP sources for the atmosphere after a long period of OCP prohibition.

Serão os carrapaticidas agrotóxicos? Implicações na saúde e na percepção de riscos de trabalhadores da pecuária leiteira

This article seeks to characterize the risks related to the use of pesticides in dairy production, in terms of legislation, health and perception of risk for workers involved in this activity. It is based on methodological articulation that included: a) systematic review of the reference literature on the research topic; b) analysis of related legislation (veterinary products and pesticides); c) risk identification regarding the use of veterinary products formulated using active ingredients listed as pesticides; d) and risk perception analysis of a group of dairy production workers. Results indicate a situation of particular interest to Public Health. Regarding dairy production workers, the invisibility of risks associated with handling pesticides for veterinary use, increases their exposure and is related to several health problems, especially for women. This same invisibility leads to a neglect of the prohibition period between pesticide use and consumption of other products. Part of the problem may be associated with the non-classification of pesticides for veterinary use as 'pesticides' (they are classified as veterinary products), which highlights the importance and the urgency of discussion of the theme.

Seasonal changes in the local distribution of Yangtze finless porpoises related to fish presence

AbstractThe Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) is an endangered freshwater porpoise subspecies unique to the Yangtze River basin. Seasonal variations in local distribution of the animal, as well as fish presence, sand dredging, ship navigation, and bridges were examined as potential factors affecting the occurrence of the animals. Passive acoustic surveys were performed regularly from May 2007 to August 2010, near the conjunction of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake. The distribution of the porpoises was seasonally site‐specific. In May and August, the animals were detected more often at river junctions than in the lake, but vice versa from November to February. The rate of the porpoise detection was significantly higher in areas of fish presence than in areas of absence. The number of porpoises detected did not differ significantly between the sand dredging operation and the prohibition period (in 2008), although the number of vessels obviously declined in 2008. Ship traffic and bridges also did not appear to affect the presence of porpoises. These results showed the relative importance of the various environmental factors, which is important for conservation of not only Yangtze finless porpoise but also endangered isolated cetaceans.

Outbreak of Half disease in the Brazilian Amazon

Haff disease, first reported along the Baltic coast in 1924, is unexplained rhabdomyolysis in a person who ate fish in the 24 hours before onset of illness (1). Outbreaks resembling Haff disease were described in Sweden and the Soviet Union between 1934 and 1984 (2, 3). In the United States, only three reports have been published to date (4). Haff disease remains a rare clinical syndrome for which there is no physiologic explanation. Outbreaks of Haff disease have never been reported in Brazil. But in June 2008, a 39-year-old female medical doctor was admitted by the emergency service of a public hospital in Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil, with diffuse myalgia and chest pain. The plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity levels were 6 252 units per liter (U/L) and no history of classic risk factors for rhabdomyolysis was detected. Her mother had been admitted 1 week before, presenting the same symptoms. Both women reported eating fish 24 hours before the onset of symptoms; further inquiry revealed that two residents from the same household who had not eaten fish did not become sick. The attending physician at the hospital was intrigued by the diagnosis of the two familial cases of Haff disease and began an epidemiologic investigation, looking for similar cases and potential risk factors. A case report form was designed and distributed along with a technical note to all hospitals in Manaus, instructions on how to report suspected cases, and suggestions for their management. The cases were defined as those who were hospitalized on or after 1 June 2008 with a diffuse myalgia of sudden onset who ate fish in the 24 hours before onset of illness and CK serum activity that exceeded five times the upper limit of normal. Patients with a classic risk factor for rhabdomyolysis were not included. The results of the investigation are reported here. Twenty-five cases of Haff disease were identified in Manaus between June and September 2008. All reported consumption of fried or roasted pacu—silver dollars (Mylossoma spp.), tambaqui—black-finned colossoma (Colossoma macropomum), or pirapitinga—freshwater pompano (Piaractus brachypomus), three river fishes of the region, within 24 hours before the onset of symptoms. All patients were older than 13 years of age (range 13–80 years); there were a similar number of males and females (59% and 41%, respectively). Three patients came from rural areas surrounding Manaus and nine patients were clustered in four families: the initial mother–daughter pair, a brother–sister pair, a husband–wife pair, and a family of three (husband, wife, and daughter). Five other members of these four families, who did not eat fish, did not fall ill. All patients were hospitalized (range 3–6 days) with myalgia of sudden onset, mostly localized at the beginning of symptoms and followed by generalized spreading within a few hours. Nineteen patients reported chest pain, among other symptoms (see Table 1). No fever or kidney damage was observed. TABLE 1 Symptoms of Haff disease cases, Amazon, Brazil, 2008 Predominant laboratory abnormalities were elevated CK serum activity (mean = 12 795 U/L, range 1 444–36 896 U/L). Serum activities of transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase were also elevated. In two patients, myoglobin was measured and found to be higher than 700 U/L. Serology for leptospirosis and hepatitis A and B was negative. Patients were treated with intravenous fluid hydration and bicarbonate infusion. No deaths were observed. In only 4 months, 27 cases of Haff disease were reported in Manaus and surrounding municipalities of the Brazilian Amazon. The diagnosis of Haff disease was made based on the fact that none of the cases could be explained by classic causes of rhabdomyolysis; all patients reported consumption of fish within 24 hours before the onset of symptoms; some cases occurred in family clusters and no cases were observed after the beginning of the period of prohibition of fishing in the region that occurs every year from October to March. This possible association between fish eating and rhabdomyolysis in the Amazon region may have an important impact, as fish is a major source of protein in the Brazilian Amazon (5). Active surveillance of this supposedly uncommon condition is necessary to corroborate its frequency in the region and enhance our understanding of this elusive disease. This paper is part of the doctoral thesis of Marcelo Cordeiro dos Santos of Amazonas State University, Amazonas State Tropical Medicine Foundation. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Brazilian Government, the U.S. Government, Department of the Navy, or Department of Defense.

Threatened fishes of the world: Coreius septentrionalis (Nichols, 1925) (Cyprinidae)

Common name: Pigeon fish (Chinese). Conservation status: Threatened in China Red Data Book (Yue and Chen 1998) and China Species Red List (Wang and Xie 2004). Identification: A freshwater fish; long cylindrical body, small and slightly flattened head, horseshoe-shaped mouth with sharp and prominent lips, a pair of rough long barbels, small round eyes with red iris (Li 1990). Lateral line scales 55–56, D: 3, 7; P: 1, 18; V: 1, 7; A: 3, 6 (Wu et al. 1964). This illustration is from Chinese Cyprinidae Records (Wu et al. 1964). Distribution: Only found in the Yellow River in China. Habitat and ecology: Lives in the middle layer of the river, where the water flow is moderate and with a lot of gravel on the substrate (Peng 2007). Reproduction: Mature adults migrate upstream to breed in the spawning grounds in areas with fast currents in May to July. Threats: Populations have declined seriously due to overfishing and water pollution (Li 1990). Conservation action: No specific action has been adopted for this fish. Conservation recommendation: Water pollution should be controlled; spring fishing prohibition period should be adopted; artificial breeding and hatching should be attempted; and protection of fish resources should be progressively achieved.

Threatened fishes of the world: Acipenser schrenckii Brandt, 1869 (Acipenseridae)

Common name: Amur sturgeon (English). Conservation status: Endangered—IUCN Red List, Classified under Appendix II of CITES, Endangered—China Species Red List. Identification: D 35–54, A 19–33, P 35, V 25. Five rows of scutes: D 11–19, L 30–47, V 4–11. Gill rakers: 31–48 (Zhang 1995). Triangular head, inferior and small mouth elongated and depressed snout, two pairs of barbels (Yue and Chen 1998). There are two distinct morphs of Amur sturgeon: brown and grey (Krykhtin and Svirskii 1997). Figure from Wei et al. (1997). Distribution: The species is distributed throughout the Amur River basin, as well as the Ussuri and Sungari (Songhuajiang) rivers, and also can be found in Japan due to the possibility of anadromous migration (Shmigirilov et al. 2007). Abundance: Declining dramatically from the 1930s, with natural stock unknown as yet. Habitat and ecology: A typical benthic feeder. Feeds on bottom invertebrates and mollusks, as well as small fishes (Shmigirilov et al. 2007). Dwells in the middle to lower layers of deep eddy currents. Reproduction: Late sexual maturity (7–24 years). Spawning period from late May to early July. Fecundity ranges from 114 000 to 1 292 000 with mean of 385 000 (Zhang 1995). Threats: Stock has been destroyed by illegal poaching and overfishing (Yue and Chen 1998). Contamination of the Amur River and its tributaries is also a potential threat. Conservation action: Local regulations for the protection, enacted in the 1950s and renewed in 1982, and conservation efforts by China in 1998 were insufficient to prevent stock decline. Collaboration and cooperation between China and Russia play a crucial role in Amur sturgeon conservation. Conservation recommendations: Fishing regulations must be strictly implemented, with emphasis on fishing prohibition period and areas. Artificial hatching and releasing of raised young Amur sturgeons into rivers should be considered.

EVALUATION OF ALBENDAZOLE GENOTOXICITY ADMINISTERED TO DAIRY COWS USING THE COMET ASSAY

The aim of our study was to reveal the impact of Albendazole on the animal organism through evaluation of the genotoxic potential of it on lactating cows, with the aid of comet assay, through lymphocyte nuclear DNA analysis. The obtained results showed that Albendazole treatments on lactating cows have an acute genotoxic effect, characterized by major lymphocyte nuclear DNA lesions; at 12 hours after treatment these are more of grade 3 and 4 (apoptosis and cell necrosis), suggesting the increased toxicity of the commercial product, even if for a short time. The repair capacity of DNA is high but slow in the case of Albendazole treatments, the values of lesion score and tail factor reaching values close to those of control group at 48 hours after treatment, when 99% of the lesions are repaired. The relatively long period of DNA repair reveal, together with a high genotoxicity, a possible correlation between late elimination of Albendazole metabolites from the organism and the 48 hours necessary to repair the lesions. The 48 hour necessary to repair the DNA lesions correspond to the end of milk prohibition period (48 hours), specified by the producer in the commercial product prospect.

Avaliação de condições de consumo da sardinha Sardinella brasiliensis

Nao havendo informacoes suficientes quanto a qualidade da sardinha (Sardinella brasiliensis) comercializada em Sao Paulo-SP, amostras frescas, descongeladas (oferecidas durante o defeso) e processadas da referida especie foram avaliadas quanto as condicoes de consumo, atraves das Substâncias Reativas ao Acido Tiobarbiturico (TBA) e do Nitrogenio de Bases Volateis Totais (N-BVT). A sardinha fresca comercializada na CEAGESP (Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazens Gerais do Estado de Sao Paulo) apresentou condicao aceitavel de consumo. Foram adequados os niveis de TBA encontrados (<0,43 mg de AM/kg), tendo como referencia dados da literatura para pescado fresco, como tambem os de N-BVT, abaixo do limite legal vigente de 30 mg/100 g. O mesmo nao ocorreu com as sardinhas fresca e descongelada comercializadas em feiras livres, quando avaliadas pelas TBA. As sardinhas salmourada e anchovada nao apresentaram condicao aceitavel de consumo tendo em conta o N-BVT acima do permitido. Os resultados mostraram que a sardinha pode chegar a CEAGESP (comercio atacadista) em condicoes apropriadas de consumo, mas perder a qualidade na comercializacao feita em feira livre. Foi enfatizada a necessidade de reavaliacao do congelamento da sardinha e sua estocagem visando a comercializacao durante o defeso da especie.