Period Of Mature Age Research Articles

THE COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF AGE, SEXUAL AND TYPOLOGICAL MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF UNPAIRED BRANCHES OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA OF ADULTS ACCORDING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

The rapid development of transplantation, endovascular and minimally invasive surgery necessitates a detailed study of the structural features of the vessels of the abdominal cavity. The purpose of the study is the characteristics of the morphometric parameters of the abdominal aorta and its unpaired branches in men and women at different ages and depending on the body type. The analysis of 266 computer tomograms of the abdominal part of aorta and its unpaired branches was carried out in adult men women divided into three age groups (first and second periods of mature age and elderly age), as well as into three groups according to the Pinier index (asthenic, normosthenic and hypersthenic body types). It was established that individual morphometric parameters of the abdominal part of aorta and its unpaired branches in men and women significantly change with age. It is proved that the diameter of the aorta at various levels significantly increases with age from the first mature to the elderly age by an average of 5 mm. However, in men, the length of the abdominal aorta, celiac trunk and main trunk of the superior mesenteric artery does not change with age. In women, the length of the celiac trunk increases with age at 5.9 mm, the length of the main trunk of the superior mesenteric artery - at 17 mm. The angle of discharge of the celiac trunk in men changes unevenly with age - in the second period of mature age, there is a statistically significant decrease by an average to 12.3°, then in old age an increase to 15°. Moreover, in women, the values of this indicator vary more evenly. The angles of discharge of other vessels did not show a clear age dependence, since this parameter is largely due to the constitutional features. The aorto-mesenteric distance changes with age only in women. In elderly age, it is on average 4.4 mm larger than in the first period of mature age. It was also found that there are significant differences between constitutional types identified using the Pinier index in the overwhelming majority of the morphometric parameters studied. The obtained information has a significant clinical importance, since it will allow objectifying the diagnostic criteria of various vascular syndromes and minimizing the risk of endovascular interventions.

Характеристика фізичної активності чоловіків другого періоду зрілого віку та їх мотиваційної спрямованості до занять оздоровчим плаванням

Physical activity is an important component of the health and longevity of mature males. In this work, the indice of motor activity level of men aged 40–50 years were investigated and motivational priorities for practicing health related swimming were determined. The evaluation of the physical activity indices of men of the second period of adulthood (n = 30) was made during 7 days (number of days) and time (hours and minutes) according to simplified method of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). MET indices (metabolic equivalent of task) were calculated. The physical activity indices in three intensity zones were determined. The main focus was on the physical work of high or moderate power, as well as the energy expenditures during walking and the level of physical activity during free time. Objective. To study the indices of scientific activity level of men aged 40–50 years and their level of motivational orientation to practicing health related swimming. Methods. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature, questionnaires, pedagogical observations. Results. In the course of studies, a questionnaire was developed to describe the general state of the subjects during the day, at the end of the working week and after the workout. Some subjective indices of the general state, such as sleep, appetite, predisposition to illness, and attitude towards harmful habits were assessed. In the study of the motives for swimming engagement of men of the second period of mature age, it was found that the priority is a group called «Health», in the second place with a small margin, a group of motifs «Beautiful figure» was recorded, then emotional and social motives. The dynamics of age changes in the intensity of physical activity of men of the second period of mature age, which tends to decrease with increasing age of respondents, has been confirmed. Investigation of the motives for exercising recreational swimming plays an important role in the planning of motor activity of men throughout the whole period of recreational activities. The findings can be used to develop programs for optimizing the physical activity of men aged 40-50 years by instructors of pools, coaches of fitness clubs as well as in the process of independent physical culture and recreation classes. Further research is related to the improvement of the program of recreational swimming for men of the mature age of the second period of the mature age, which will be aimed at increasing their physical activity and health.

Особенности течения хронического абактериального простатита с воспалительным компонентом у мужчин первого периода зрелого возраста в зависимости от соматотипа. Часть 1: клиническая характеристика

to study the course of chronic abacterial prostatitis with the inflammatory component (CAPIC) depending on the somatotype in men of the first period of mature age taking complex treatment with a use of local and systemic ozone therapy. A total of 306 men of asthenic, normostenic and pyknic somatotypes with CAPIC were followed-up. Along with standard therapy, all patients received systemic and local ozone therapy. Clinical, laboratory and imaging characteristics were recorded before and after treatment. In addition, hemodynamic parameters in the prostate, prostatic part of the urethra and skin projection of the prostate were evaluated. In patients with pyknic somatotype (from 34.12+/-0.51 cm3 to 29.08+/-0.64 cm3) the most significant reduction in prostate size during the treatment with CAPIC was observed, while the improvement of microcirculation parameters were seen in patients with asthenic somatotype. Changes in the microcirculation in the mucous membrane of the prostatic part of the urethra and skin projection of the prostate during the treatment of CAPIC are somatotype-dependent. The highest values of tissue perfusion were found in patients of the normostenic somatotype, while pyknic patients had the smallest values. Along with somatotyping, this allows to use in clinical practice the abovementioned methods for early diagnosis and subsequent monitoring of the effectiveness of CAPIC therapy.

The maximum oxygen consumption and body structure component of women at the first period of mature age with a different somatotypes

Purpose: the identification of features of the maximum oxygen consumption of women in the first period of mature age and connection with body structure component. Material: 22-35 years old women (n=210) have participated in a research. Results. It was determined that women with endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype prevail according to the absolute measure VO2 max. They have large body weight and higher percentage content of the muscular component. The women with low body weight and low values of fat component prevail according to a relative measure VO2 max. Large body weight in women of endomorphic, endomorphic and mesomorphic somatotype stipulates low values of a relative measure VO2 max. It is indicated by the high degree of the return correlation between a relative measure VO2 max and body weight. Conclusions. The relative measure VO2 max is considered more informative as its dependence on body weight is leveled. The obtained data indicate the advantage according to a relative measure VO2 max of women with low body weight somatotype (ectomorphic and balanced). Such feature is explained by authentically low percentage content of the fat component in women.

Age-Dependent Hormones Levels of the Pituitary–Gonadal and Pituitary–Thyroid Systems in Postmenopausal Women of the European North of the Russian Federation

The hormone levels of the pituitary–thyroid and pituitary–gonadal systems were studied in postmenopausal women of the European North of the Russian Federation in the second period of mature age and the elderly and senile ages by radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay. The lowest concentrations of total and free fractions of triiodothyronine and total thyroxin, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and estradiol were determined in the blood of the studied senile-aged women. Excess levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone were found in 12.1% of females in the second period of mature age and 17.4% of elderly-aged females. The examined women showed signs of androgenization manifested by elevated levels of luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and DHEA-S. The levels of luteinizing hormone exceeded the norm in 50% of females of the second period of mature age, 18.2% of the elderly and 26.1% of the persons of old age. The concentrations of testosterone and DHEA-S exceeded the norms established for the postmenopausal period in 15.4 and 91.7% of females in the second period of mature age and in 11.4 and 84.2% of the elderly age. The greatest number of correlations for the studied hormones levels was noted in old age.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TISSUE EXERTION OF MUCOUS MEMBRANES DURING DIFFERENT STAGES OF TENSION IN PERFORMING ON CLOTTING OPERATION

Taking into account the development of modern surgical stomatology, the problem of optimizing the closure of the wounds of the mucous membrane in the oral cavity remains relevant. In our opinion, it is important to study the morphological properties of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and optimal tensions and tissue stresses in the area of suturing. It is known that the most susceptible to the action of mechanical factors area is the mucous membrane of the gums. However, taking into account the biomechanical parameters, the mucous membrane of the gum is practically not described. The aim of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of mucous membranes of varying degrees of tension during fracture operations in the oral cavity. The material is taken to the bureau of forensic examination from corpses and both sexes and the period of mature age for histological studies of conditionally healthy mucous membrane of gum. The fence is carried out in the area of incisors, canines and first premolars from both halves of the upper and lower jaws with a standard dental instrument set were compared: a periodontological kit for curettage. The material is collected both in the area of papilla gum, and from its fixed part. Polarization microscopy is used to study the fibroarchitectonics of connective tissue formations. We used a contact strain gauge device to study the biomechanical parameters of the mucous membrane of the gums in normal and at different degrees of tensile of the mucous membranes. At various degrees of tension of the mucous membrane of the cavity of the mouth connective tissue plate loses the characteristic spatial orientation of the beams, the deep disruption of the entire fibrous frame occurs. Tissue stress recording was performed taking into account the tensile strength: weak (5%), average (7%) and strong (10%). Regardless of the degree of this pathology there is a decrease in the indicator we have chosen. Thus, with a weak degree of tension, the tissue pressure of the gum mucus decreases to 208.08 + 19.2 [6.07] Pa. At an average degree, the selected indicator is 149.43 + \ - 20.25 [6.4] Pa. A strong tension reduces the tissue tension of this area to 102.77 + 12.32 [3.9] Pa. One of the factors that provides high values of tissue gum voltage in the norm (350.4 · 9.69 Pa) is its fibrous components, which form a three-dimensional structure in the collagen beams of the 1st and 2nd order relative to the poorly developed elastic network. Different degrees of tensile of mucous membranes as a model of disorganization with the subsequent drop in tissue tension of the fibrous core were described. At the same time, the index of tissue voltage reduction is directly dependent on the tensile strength and is 208.08 + 19.2 Pa. The data presented indicate the disorganization of the fiber composition of the gums while tightening them. The expressiveness and nature of the changes depend on the degree of tension. Clinical manifestation of pathological processes in fibrous components of ascetic connective tissue is characterized by a decrease in tissue tension indices. Moreover, there is a direct relationship between the degree of tensile of the mucous membrane and the adequate reduction of the tense state of the soft core. Various degrees of tension of the mucous membrane can be considered as a kind of model of the fiber matrix with the dynamics of changes in the biomechanical parameters of tissues. The obtained data on the example of normal anatomy of the gums confirm the general pattern in the structures of the soft core - the quantitative ratio, the way of interaction of collagen and elastic fibers. Their spatial architectonics determine the deformative and strength properties of the connective tissue. For a detailed study of structural and biomechanical correlations we have selected mucous membranes with a different degree of tension. Our research has revealed structural changes in the fibrous gingival cortex against a background of different tensions with adequate tissue tension reduction.

Usage of information technologies in the process of projecting preventive and health-related sessions for mature age females

The article substantiates the need for additions to existing scientific research in the field of designing independent preventive and health-related activities aimed at correcting excessive body mass of women of the second period of mature age. Publications of national and foreign scientists indicating the lack of existing me­ thodological recommendations in the use of information technologies in order to organize independent preventive and recreational activities for women of the second period of mature age have been analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of existing programs of the domestic information technology market in the field of fitness industry have been considered. Objective. To explore modern approaches to the use of information technologies in the fitness industry. Methods. Analysis of scientific and methodological literature, comparison, generalization. Results. It is revealed that today there is a lack of recommendations for the use of information technologies in the design of preventive and recreational activities for women of mature age.

Morphometric characteristics of the female corpus callosum in the second period of mature age according to the data of MR-tomograms and anatomical preparations

Objective — to determine to what extent the anatomical preparations of the corpus callosum of women of the second period of adulthood differ from their corresponding intravital parameters.Material and methods. Morphometric examination of 20 MRI images and 19 anatomical preparations of the corpus callosum of women of the second period of adulthood was carried out.Results. The metric parameters of the sagittal profile of the corpus callosum of women of this age group were established. It was found out that there is no dependence of individual metric indices of corpus callosum in the lifetime and postmortem states on the chronological gradation within this group; all of them are characterized by the irregular nature of distribution on the age scale.Conclusion. The metric indices of the anatomical preparations of the corpus callosum slightly differ from those of the MRI images. Due to the obtained data on the metric parameters of the corpus callosum of women of the second period of adulthood, it is possible to determine chronologically the stages of its previous ontogenetic development and trace its changes in the aging process of the organism. In addition, the data given by us can serve in terms of elucidating the sexual dimorphism of the corpus callosum. The most indicative of these is the area of its sagittal profile.

REGULARITIES OF VARIABILITY OF LIVER LINEAR DIMENSIONS IN DIFFERENT ANATOMICAL VARIANTS OF ORGAN POSITION IN THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY

A large variety of anatomic variants of liver positions and shapes results in a significant variability of the data of its linear dimension determination, which may be the reason for misinterpretation of the information regarding the size of the organ as a whole and of its individual segments, in particular. In this work the analysis was performed of the linear dimensions of the liver, its right and the left lobes measured during spiral computed tomography (SCT), taking into account the anatomic variability of the position of the organ, in 193 individuals of both sexes of juvenile and first period of mature age without pathology of the liver and cardiovascular system. Besides the traditionally distinguished variants of the position of the organ in the abdominal cavity, in part of the individuals examined the combined displacement of the organ relative to the sagittal and frontal planes was noted. It was demonstrated that in combined displacement of the liver in two planes, linear parameters of this organ were extremely changeable and approached the extreme variants of the anatomic variability. The dependence of traditionally measured linear parameters of the liver from the anatomic variant of organ position in the abdominal cavity was studied. The data obtained suggest that the interpretation of SCT results without consideration of the anatomic variant of organ position may lead to erroneous judgments about the size of the liver and its individual parts.

Патоморфологическое исследование гиппокампа при церебральном атеросклерозе у лиц второго периода зрелого возраста

The purpose of this research is to study the morphology of the hippocampus in the patients with cerebro-vascular disease with age, sex and somatic types. The study was conducted from autopsy material. The hippocampus male (n=20) and female (n=15) of the patients of the second period of mature age were taken for study. Pathological and anatomical examination showed that all dead people had pathology of brain vessels. Changes specific to the 1 and 2 stages of atherosclerosis were detected in the basilar and middle cerebral arteries. Somatotype was defined with the subsequent calculation of the index by the method of Rees-Eysenck. The morphometric research of right and left hippocampus of the brain has been conducted. The parameters of the hippocampus with the sex were determined. There are presented the results of quantitative and qualitative morphological study of the hippocampus in persons of the second period of adulthood with cerebral arteriosclerosis in various somatotypes. The comparative analysis, of morphometric parameters of the hippocampus of the right and left hemispheres of the human brain, showed, that most significant are the length of the hippocampus width of middle part and width region of legs. On microscopic examination of the hippocampus, the individuals of the second period of mature age, even at the early stages of atherosclerosis of cerebral arteries, are detected dystrophic changes of neurons in the CA1 and CA3 regions, showing their ischemic damage.

DEPENDENCE OF ABDOMINAL CAVITY SIZE ON CONSTITUTION TYPE

Aim. To study the size of abdominal cavity for determination of optimal parameters of median laparotomy. Materials and methods. The work was carried out using the results of anatomometric studies of 30 male corpses of the second period of mature age. Parameters of abdominal cavity in subjects with different types of constitution were studied. Original method for determining the optimal length of median laparotomy depending on the type of constitution and the size of patient's anterior abdominal wall was developed. Results. The depth of abdominal cavity at the level of 10 th rib ends and at the level of the upper anterior spines of huckle-bones was revealed to exceed the depth of abdominal cavity at the level of umbilicus in persons with all the types of constitution. Conclusions. An optimal length of median laparotomy in persons with dolichomorphic type of constitution should be equal to 54 % of the distance between the upper anterior iliac spines, in persons with mesomorphic type of constitution - 37 %, but in those with brachymorphic type of constitution - 33 % of this distance.