Contract Period Research Articles

Financial Cycle With Text Information Embedding Based on LDA Measurement and Nowcasting

When compared to traditional indicators, text information can capture market sentiment, investor confidence, and public opinion more effectively. Meanwhile, the mixed-frequency dynamic factor model (MF-DFM) can capture current changes. In this study, the authors constructed a financial cycle measurement and nowcasting framework by incorporating text information into factors derived from MF-DFM. The findings reveal that, first, the financial cycle indicator (FCI) provides a more detailed and forward-looking perspective on major events. Second, it can serve as an effective “early warning system” by cross-referencing economic indicators. Third, financial cycles exhibit five short cycles, with contraction periods being longer than expansion phases and expansion amplitudes surpassing contractions. Lastly, the analysis suggests a potential turning point in the second half of 2023. This research represents a valuable attempt to integrate big data for more sensitive, timely, and accurate monitoring of financial dynamics.

Research of the analgesic effects and central nervous system impact of electroacupuncture therapy in rats with knee osteoarthritis

It aimed to observe the effects of TongDu TiaoShen (TDTS) electroacupuncture (EA) on the analgesia and central system of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) rats and explore its mechanism. SD rats were rolled into the blank group, model group (KOA), control group (duloxetine 500 mg/kg/d, Ctrl), conventional EA group, and TDTS-EA group. Radiometric pain measurements and the Lequesne MG scale were used to evaluate the behavioral performance of the rats. Dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), β-endorphin (β-EP), and leucine-enkephalin (L-ENK) were detected in the midbrain and spinal cord of lumbar enlargement. Interleukin (IL)-1β protein expression was detected by Western blot. The incubation period of thermal pain and foot contraction was decreased in the KOA group versus blank group, the Lequesne MG score was increased, DA, NE, 5-HT, β-EP, and L-ENK in the midbrain and spinal cord were increased, and synovial tissue IL-1β protein expression was increased (P < 0.05). EA group and TDTS-EA group had an increased incubation period of thermal pain contraction, decreased Lequesne MG score, decreased DA, NE, etc. In the midbrain, increased 5-HT and NE in the spinal cord, and decreased IL-1β in the synovial tissue versus KOA group (P < 0.05). The Lequesne MG score and midbrain DA, NE, 5-HT, β-EP, and synovial tissue IL-1β expression were decreased in TDTS-EA group versus EA group (P < 0.05). EA can effectively improve the behavioral score of KOA and participate in central analgesia by regulating central DA, NE, 5-HT, β-EP, and L-ENK.

Indicators of uterine contractile activity in highly productive sows using supraphysiological doses of oxytocin

The use of large doses of oxytocin to sows in the early postpartum period is indicated to normalize lactogenesis, increase immune proteins in colostrum and transitional milk, prevent postpartum complications, and increase the viability of the offspring. However, the effect of these doses of myotropic drug on the contractile activity of the uterus is not shown. The aim of the work was to study the contractile function of the uterus of highly productive sows in the early postpartum period and the peculiarities of its reaction to supraphysiological doses of oxytocin. Scientific and production experience was carried out on the basis of a large pig breeding complex. The object of the study was highly productive sows 16 hours after the completion of normal labor. The hormonal drug oxytocin was administered intra-muscularly to animals at a supraphysiological dose of 75 units. Hysterograms of uterine contractions were recorded by internal hysterography before and immediately after administration of the myotropic drug, as well as one hour after injection. On hysterograms, spontaneous contractile activity of the uterus in highly productive sows was characterized by regular, short-term contractions of the optimal amplitude. Activation of the contractile function of the myometrium occurs 5-7 minutes after injection of the drug. After administration of oxytocin, an increase in the amplitude of contraction of uterine smooth muscle cells was noted by 39.17% (p&lt;0.05), while a longer period of contractions was recorded by 31.64%. The frequency of uterine contractions increased 2.0 times (p&lt;0.01). The contract index was significantly 3.66 times (p&lt;0.05) higher than that in relation to the initial level. After 1 hour after oxytocin administration, an increase in the contraction period by 5.42% was noted, with a decrease in amplitude by 37.87% (p&lt;0.01) and the number of contractions by 49.91% (p&lt;0.01), the contractional index decreased by 3.05 times (p&lt;0.01) relative to the previous level. In relation to the initial level, the contract index was 20.0% higher. At the same time, an increase in the duration of contractions by 38.78% and a decrease in their amplitude by 13.53% were noted. Consequently, oxytocin at a dose of 75 ME not violate the contractile ability of the myometrium. The response of the smooth muscle cells of the uterus to the supraphysiological dose of oxytocin is maximally manifested in the first hour after the administration of the myotropic drug.

Public-Private Partnership in Healthcare is a Necessity in Difficult Times: A case study

Healthcare delivery is a risky enterprise for both public and private systems which may face adversity in a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world. There has been a global emergence of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) hospitals to enhance delivery of sustainable healthcare, although its existence in developing countries remains limited. Risk management strongly influences PPP success; few PPP hospitals were able to meet contractually specified quality and performance requirements, creating debate regarding merits of the PPP model. Conversely, we present a case study of the first PPP hospital operated by not-for-profit organisation in New South Wales, Australia, to successfully complete the contract period. A Continuous Quality and Performance Improvement Framework was applied at five stages of organisational growth during the contract term. This case study demonstrates adaptive leadership and just organisational culture are equally important in providing high quality healthcare services to the community. We show the future potential of PPP model for service delivery as a third option to pure public or private sector hospitals, even in the post COVID-19 era when there is likelihood of financial instability in many settings.

Oscillation Dynamics of Dielectric Polymer Droplets during Electrohydrodynamic Jetting in a Wide Range of Viscosities.

The electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jetting of fluids is used for several applications such as inkjet printing, atomization of analyte in mass spectrometry, liquid metal alloy ion sources, and electrospinning of polymer fibers. Historically, the bulk of research has focused on nonviscous, highly conductive fluids which are most suitable for EHD spray and printing, while there is relatively little experimental work on EHD jetting of highly viscous liquid dielectrics. We studied the dynamics of oscillation and pulsating jetting from a suspended drop of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymers in an electric field, with particular attention to the viscosity dependence of the oscillation period and meniscus elongation and contraction time over a wide viscosity range (102-105 cSt). The reported results could help the appropriate design of EHD processes and may open new possibilities for the rheological characterization of liquid polymers using small volumes at the scale of nanoliters.

Computer Network Data Management Model Based on Edge Computing

Data reliability and confidence in the data are very important issues, especially when the system integrates fraud or false information. The misusing of data collected may create serious problems. With the fast development of computing techniques, much data are collected from various terminals and industrial devices. Edge computing operates by driving data, software and computer resources from the centralized network to its extremes, allowing pieces of knowledge to lie on distributed cloud networks. Its target customers continue to use commercial Internet application software for every internet customer. Edge computing is used to provide delay-free customer experience assistance for features of the Internet of Things (IoT) services on the edge of the user network. The document identifies an IoT computing platform collaborating with the edge competitive data management latency (CDML) tool. This approach separately categorizes edge layer requests and response data over time using demand-density driven optimization. A difference-based optimization optimizes the frame limits for simultaneous request processing and exact allocation of data. The architectural efficiency of edge computing can be assessed by comparing latency, bandwidth usage, and overhead. Furthermore, estimating the availability, credibility and confidentiality of security solutions within each party would take into consideration security concerns in edge computing and propose a safety assessment process for IoT networks with edge computing. This procedure is finally validated using appropriate tests, and the resulting findings are examined to demonstrate the method’s accuracy. Experimental data are used to validate methods to request maintenance and processing, response time, resource utilization and contract period. In comparison to current approaches, the results of the proposed CDML are measured with a percentage of 97.90%. The proposed system enhances the request and response comparison ratio 97.5%, analyzing request performance ratio 98.1%, response with time analysis ratio of 98.3%, data allocation approach analysis ratio 97.7%.

Downstreaming Buton Asphalt Into Heavy Oil Production: A Techno-Economic Analysis Approach

Oil production from the extraction of Buton Asphalt (Asbuton) becomes an attractive bitumen to study considering that the use of Asbuton is currently still relatively limited for asphalt needs with absorption of only 0.9% of national asphalt needs, of course this is a contradiction considering Asbuton deposits reach 667 million tons. Another factor is the high price of crude oil encouraging the use of bitumen as an alternative to crude oil, especially heavy crude oil. Bitumen reserves contained in Asbuton are capable of meeting oil refinery needs of 50,000 BOPD or the equivalent of 4.3% of domestic refinery capacity for a period of 20 years. There are two options for Bitumen production from Asbuton, namely all production comes from open pit mining or a combination of production from open pit mining (40%) and in situ extraction (60%). The techno-economic analysis was prepared with the assumption that the Asbuton production area is part of the Oil and Gas Working Area with a Cost Recovery Production Sharing Contract (PSC) scheme. The development of Bitumen production from Asbuton provides feasible economic indicators with NPV = $ 973 million and IRR = 15.2%. During the contract period, the government received revenue of $ 12.0 billion and the contractor $ 14.6 billion. This economic feasibility study is expected to enrich further our understanding over Buton asphalt utilization in support of crude oil production in the future

The Formation of Blue Large-amplitude Pulsators from White-dwarf Main-sequence Star Mergers

Blue large-amplitude pulsators (BLAPs) are hot low-mass stars that show large-amplitude light variations likely due to radial oscillations driven by iron group opacities. Period changes provide evidence of both secular contraction and expansion among the class. Various formation histories have been proposed, but none are completely satisfactory. Zhang et al. proposed that the merger of a helium-core white dwarf with a low-mass main-sequence star (HeWD+MS) can lead to the formation of some classes of hot subdwarfs. We have analyzed these HeWD+MS merger models in more detail. Between helium-shell ignition and full helium-core burning, the models pass through the volume of luminosity–gravity–temperature space occupied by BLAPs. Periods of expansion and contraction associated with helium-shell flashes can account for the observed rates of period change. We argue that the HeWD+MS merger model provides at least one BLAP formation channel.

Morphofunctional traits and reactivity of the portal vein

Background: Portal vein is the most enigmatic vessel of our body because it regulates own contractile performances using a special pace-maker mechanism represented by cells of Cajal. The contribution of various metabolic mediators and natural vasotropic agents in the control of the portal blood circuit is much less studied compared to the arterial system in general and the hepatic system in particular. The studies designed on the structure, function, and reactivity of the portal vein in different preconditioning have brought some common but also distinct evidence of the arterial system. Nitric oxide production is higher partly due to reduced arginase expression, but muscular media is thinner. Periodic spontaneous contractions directed towards the liver gate are characteristic for portal vein (PV), and the longitudinal muscle fibers are considered to be responsible for this phenomenon. Spontaneous rhythmic oscillations of the cells of Cajal are triggered by increasing calcium ion concentration leading to their depolarization. PV constrictor effect of phenylephrine is dependent on the activity of receptors to ET-1. For PV is characterized the acetylcholine induced contraction either in vivo or in vitro, and this effect is thought to be dependent on ET-1. Conclusions: The establishment of main particularities of portal vein reactivity of action of different paracrine, endocrine, and hemodynamical stimuli represents an important tool for prediction of contractile disorders leading plausible to portal hypertension. Likewise, a well proven interplay between cholinergic and adrenergic stimulations and on the other hand between Ang II and ET-1 actions must be a support for pharmacological modulating of portal vein reactivity disorders.

Optimal energy procurement with long-term photovoltaic energy contracts considering generation uncertainty: A two-dimensional auction approach

The procurement auction scheme for long-term photovoltaic (PV) energy contracts is being implemented in various countries to ensure stable profits for potential PV generators. However, in most of these auction formats, there is a deficiency in that they consider only the contract price and capacity, neglecting to account for the uncertainty of generation efficiency. In this regard, this study proposes a procurement auction scheme for long-term photovoltaic (PV) energy contracts based on mechanism design theory. We developed a two-dimensional auction model in which PV generators bid their cost and capacity. The energy buyer then determines the winners and enters into contracts with them for a fixed period. We incorporated the capacity factor into the payoff functions of both the buyer and the sellers to reflect different generation efficiencies of generators. Following the revelation principle, we characterized the incentive-compatible, individually rational direct mechanism that maximizes the buyer’s expected payoff during the contract period. We also proposed a computation algorithm to implement the auction. Numerical analysis using data from the Korean PV auction market suggested that the proposed model demonstrates results similar to the uniform price auction in terms of the levelized cost of electricity and contract price, and these results are lower than those of the Vickrey auction. Furthermore, despite the fact that the proposed auction results in a slight increase in social costs (approximately 1% more than the Vickrey auction), it maximizes the expected procured electricity and the auctioneer’s payoff.

Understanding bacterial infiltration of the pancreas through a deformable pancreatic duct

Tiny amount of bacteria are found in the pancreas in pancreatitis and cancer, which seemed involved in inflammation and carcinogenesis. However, bacterial infiltration from the duodenum is inhibited by the physical defense mechanisms such as bile flow and the sphincter of Oddi. To understand how the bacteria possibly infiltrate the pancreas through a deformable pancreatic duct, influenced by the periodic contractions of the sphincter of Oddi, a mathematical model of bacterial infiltration is developed that considered large deformation, fluid flow, and bacterial transport in a deformable pancreatic duct. In addition, the sphincter’s contraction wave is modeled by including its propagation from the pancreas toward the duodenum. Simulated structure of the deformed duct with the relaxed sphincter and simulated bile distribution agreed reasonably well with the literature, validating the model. Bacterial infiltration from the duodenum in a deformable pancreatic duct, following the sphincter’s contraction, is counteracted by a gradual peristalsis-like deformation of the pancreatic duct, due to an antegrade contraction wave propagation from the pancreas to the duodenum, Parametric sensitivity analysis demonstrated that bacterial infiltration is increased with lower bile and pancreatic juice flow rate, greater contraction amplitude and frequency, thinner wall thickness, and retrograde contraction wave propagation. Since contraction waves following retrograde propagation are increased in patients with common bile duct stones and pancreatitis, they may possibly be factors for continuum inflammation of pancreas. (224 words).

Product life cycle techniques: SMEs maintenance strategies

The food and beverage subsector of the industry is expanding. As the opportunities available to businesses grow, competition to maintain market share intensifies as the loss of a product diminishes its competitiveness. This leads to accumulating unsold products in the inventory even though increased sales volume could generate cash. Because the product cannot compete until the market reacts, it is not sold. Product demand rises in response to capacity constraints but must still be fulfilled. Increased sales are necessary to retain consumers during market expansion or contraction periods. By evaluating the literature, this study ascertains the most effective courses of action for two business scenarios. This study identifies product life cycle strategies supported by mixed marketing techniques in research indexed at least SINA 3, Scopus, or WOS between 2013 and 2023. According to the study, a business can flourish by offering discounts or special services to customers willing to wait while sales capacity increases.

Application of Black Scholes Method to Determining Premium Insurance In the Potato Agricultural Based on Price Index

Potato is one of the leading horticultural commodities. Potato farming business often experiences price fluctuations that cause losses to farmers.The government is making efforts to minimize the farmers' losses by issuing agricultural insurance programs. This study aims to determine the relationship between potato prices at the provincial level and potato prices at the farmer level and to determine agricultural insurance premiums based on the price index. The data used are potato price data at the West Java Province level and potato price data at the farmer level in Pangalengan District. The correlation between provincial level prices and farmer level prices can be obtained using the Pearson Product Moment correlation method. The price index is calculated using the relative price index method. Determination of the premium to be paid by farmers using the Black-Scholes method. The results of the analysis show that potato prices at the West Java Province level have a very strong correlation with farmer prices in Pangalengan District in October. Based on the Black-Scholes method, the premium value depends on the trigger value obtained with a price range between IDR 9,806,100.00 to IDR 10,267,784.00 for a sum insured of IDR 39,403,000 per one contract period. Various premium values can be a consideration for farmers in choosing an agricultural insurance policy.

Tinjauan Hak Pekerja Kontrak Atas Pemutusan Hubungan Kerja Sepihak

Termination of Employment occurs based on the previous employment relationship created between the worker/laborer and the employer which is marked by an agreement in the employment agreement. Contract workers are bound by a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWT). Layoff is something that is highly avoided, especially for workers/laborers because since the layoff occurs, at that time the worker/laborer also loses their livelihood and loses the ability to meet their daily needs, so workers' rights must be protected. This research aims to understand the rights of contract workers who experience unilateral termination of employment (PHK) during the contract. The method in this research is normative legal research by searching and connecting legal facts with the basis of regulations to create conclusions to answer the problems that arise. The results of the research found that 1) The regulation of unilateral termination by the employer is contained in Article 62 of the Labor Law; 2) In the case of PT Vietmindo Energitama there was an imbalance because the judge of the Industrial Relations Court rejected the plaintiff's claim which the employer did not fulfill. This, it creates losses and does not create certainty for workers/laborers because it is clearly and rigidly regulated that the party terminating the employment relationship is obliged to pay compensation until the contract period ends.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Investigation of influence of oscillation amplitude on keyhole and molten pool morphologies during oscillating laser stake welding of dissimilar materials T-joints

The morphologies of the keyhole and molten pool during the laser welding process are highly related to weld formation process, which affects the weld quality further. To investigate the influence of the oscillation amplitude on the morphology evolution processes of the keyhole and molten pool during the oscillating laser stake welding of dissimilar materials T-joints, a three-dimensional multiphase flow numerical model is developed. The circular shaped oscillating laser stake welding processes of dissimilar materials T-joints under different oscillation amplitudes are calculated and analyzed in detail. The results show that the depth of the keyhole decreases and the widths of the molten pool and weld at the interface increase with the increase in the oscillation amplitude during the circular shaped oscillating laser stake welding of dissimilar materials T-joints. The periodical expansion and contraction of the keyhole are formed during the welding process. The collapse of the keyhole may cause bubbles in the molten pool due to the instability of the keyhole, and these bubbles also can be captured by the keyhole later.

A Contract Period Optimization Model for Water Saving Management Contract Project Based on Equipment Replacement

A Contract Period Optimization Model for Water Saving Management Contract Project Based on Equipment Replacement

Depositional evolution of Eocene deep-lake mudrock lithofacies driven by astronomical forcing in the Dongying Depression, China

With the deepening of shale oil and gas exploration and development, researchers are more eager to understand the depositional evolutionary pattern of mudrock lithofacies, and the astronomical cycle is an important mechanism driving the depositional evolution of mudrock. In this paper, stratigraphy is divided based on astronomical cycle, and a stratigraphic sequence is established by using long eccentricity and precession cycles to dissect well sections with cores in the connecting well profiles. The relationship between the type of lithofacies development in response to the long eccentricity cycle is found. The lake basin mainly developed mudstone-dominated facies during high-value periods of long eccentricity, while sandstone facies developed in the slope zone and marl facies developed in the deep-lake zone during low-value periods. The relationship between lithofacies subcycles and amplitude variations in precession within the long eccentricity cycles has been determined. Sandstone or marl developed during periods of maximum precession, while mudstone developed during periods of minimum precession. The model of climate and depositional cycles controlled by long eccentricity and precession has been summarized. First, during periods of low long eccentricity, the amplitude of precession is small. This leads to cold and arid climates with reduced rainfall, resulting in less terrestrial input to the basin and a period of contraction. During periods of high long eccentricity, the climate is hot. This leads to hot and humid climates with increased rainfall, resulting in stronger terrestrial input to the lake basin and a period of expansion. Second, the amplitude variations in precession also affect the strength of terrestrial input. During periods of maximum precession, the received solar radiation is low, resulting in a dry and cold climate with reduced rainfall, weakening the terrestrial input to the basin. During periods of minimum precession, the received solar radiation increases, resulting in a hot and humid climate with increased rainfall, strengthening the terrestrial input to the basin. This study systematically investigates the depositional model and factors controlling the mudrock layers in the research area. The research results can contribute to the prediction of “sweet spots” for shale oil and gas and provide references for similar sedimentary basins.

Light-powered self-propelled trolley with a liquid crystal elastomer pendulum motor

Conventional liquid crystal elastomer (LCE)-based robots require complex controllers and bulky power supplies, limiting their applications in areas such as microrobots and soft robots. In this paper, a light-powered self-propelled trolley with a LCE pendulum motor is proposed, and the dynamics of its self-propelled motion is investigated theoretically. Under steady illumination, the periodic radial contraction and relaxation of LCE can trigger the trolley to move forward through the self-rotation of the LCE pendulum. The coupling of the optically-induced deformation with its motion facilitates the energy input from ambient illumination to compensate for the damping dissipation so as to maintain the sustained motion. Through theoretical modeling and numerical calculations, three typical motion states of the LCE pendulum are identified, namely static state, self-oscillation state and self-rotation state. Among them, the LCE pendulum can propel the trolley when it is self-rotating. The influences of different physical parameters on the system motion are studied quantitatively. The results show that the period of the simple pendulum and the trolley speed can be controlled by adjusting the illumination range, optical intensity, damping coefficient of pendulum and damping coefficient of trolley. The light-powered self-propelled trolley constructed in current paper does not require complex controllers or self-contained power supplies, and possesses the characteristics of simple structure, light weight and energy efficient, which is of latent applied value in microrobots, soft robots and other fields.

Discussions on the Growth Efficiency of Expansionary FiscalPolicy via Monetary Policy in ShrinkingPeriods:Wide Range of Country Analysis

There are many different opinions in the literature that expansionary fiscal policies can be effective on growth during periods of economic contraction. In this study, different approaches to expansionary fiscal policies are examined in terms of the effects and tradeoffsbetween fiscal expenditures-growth, expansionary tax policies-growth and inflation-growth. The short-term and long-term effects of fiscal policies on growth in 110 countries for the period of 2007-2016 were analyzed, taking into account the expansionary policies of the 2007-2009 period, the effect of the main growth dynamics and the interaction of monetary-fiscal policies. The results show the holistic view and effectiveness.

The Relationship between Bank Capital, Risk-Taking and Profitability: Fresh Evidence from Panel Quantile Approach

This study aims to reveal the relationship between bank capital (BC), risk-taking, and profitability for commercial banks in Turkey using panel quantile regression models (QRPD) with non-additive fixed effects (NAFE). Accordingly, we consider the data of 18 commercial banks for 2012-2022. Firstly, we concluded a positive relationship between banks' risk-based capital (RBC) and traditional capital ratios (CR) and return on assets (ROA); in contrast there is a negative relationship between RBC and risk-weighted assets (RWATA) under all market conditions. Secondly, we found a positive relationship between the RBC and the provision for loan losses ratio (LLPTA) in other periods except for the contraction period; at the same time, there is a positive relationship between CR and LLPTA in other periods except for the expansion period. The findings also showed an inverted U-shaped relationship between RBC and the LLPTA and return on equity (ROE) and an N-shaped relationship between CR and ROE. Lastly, we discovered a positive relationship between RWATA and ROA and ROE in all market conditions, whereas a negative relationship exists between LLPTA and ROA. The findings provide valuable insights into the validity of the moral hazard and cost-skimping hypotheses, regulatory assumptions, agency, portfolio and risk-bearing profit theories in the commercial banking sector, and that risk, capital and profitability indicators are leading factors in banks' stability.