Performance Of Solar Panel Research Articles

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL MOUNTED ON SLOPED CORRUGATED METAL SHEET ROOF IN KANO STATE NORTHWEST NIGERIA

Installation of solar photovoltaic system on roof has advantages of proper utilization of space, help in avoiding shading effects and reduction of dust accumulation on the panels. However, electrical efficiency and lifespan of solar photovoltaic panel tends to decrease due to the increase in surface temperature above the operation temperature of the panels due to its contact with the roofing sheets. The performance of solar photovoltaic panels was experimentally investigated on corrugated metal sheet (CMS) roof at four different heights (0, 100, 200, and 300mm). Four polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panels of 10 watts each were selected from the same manufacturer. The temperatures on the roof and on the photovoltaic panels’ surfaces were measured at different solar hours. Also, the outputs of the solar panels together with the irradiance available were measured at same hours using an electronic data logger and imported to an Excel software. Irradiance variation, gap between roof and photovoltaic panels, and heating effect on panels were found to be the parameters affecting the photovoltaic system’s performance. The highest temperature attained by the photovoltaic panel is when it was directly mounted on the roof as 76.5°C while the other photovoltaic panels mounted at a gap height of 100mm, 200mm and 300mm attained the highest temperature of 71.8oC, 69,6oC and 68.0oC respectively. The panels’ extra heat was originating from CMS roof vicinity. Output powers from the panels were unequal throughout the experiment whilst exhibited similar behavior. The panels’ temperature dropped...

Experimental study on PVT − PCM system performance using bubble-driven flow

Photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) panels are devices that convert solar radiation into both heat and electricity. The integration of a phase change material (PCM) in PVT panels can regulate the temperature and improve thermal efficiency. In times of low solar radiation, heat stored in the PCM can be transferred to a heat transfer fluid (HTF) to provide thermal energy. This study experimentally investigated a PCM-filled PVT system and compared it with the conventional water-based PVT system. To enhance the performance of the PCM, bubble was injected, which increased the convection heat transfer. The results showed that PCM was found to effectively suppress PV panel temperature rise. In the bubble-injected case, the maximum temperature rise at the back surface of the PV device decreased 48%, which could effectively increase the thermal efficiency. As a result, the overall temperature of the bubble injection case decreased as the thermal energy from the PV panel was absorbed faster, and the temperature distribution became more uniform. The improved thermal stratification of PCM increased the amount of energy storage. The performance of solar panels was discovered to be greatly enhanced utilizing bubble-driven flow in the PVT-PCM system.

A Novel Renewable Smart Grid Model to Sustain Solar Power Generation

The stability performance of smart grid power systems is critical and requires special attention. Additionally, the combination of Battery Energy Storage (BES) systems, Solar Photovoltaic (SPV), and wind systems in the intelligent grid model provides utilities with excellent efficiency and dependability. However, a coordination grid with PV and other resources frequently results in severe issues, such as outages or power disruptions. A power outage in the grid might result in a power loss in the delivery system. As a result, the distributed grid model’s dependable performance is intended for integrated wind energy, SPV arrays, and BE systems. This paper proposes a renewable intelligent grid model to sustain solar power generation. The model incorporates a boost converter to optimize the performance of solar panels by converting the DC power generated by the panels into AC power for use in the grid. The boost converter is optimized using a novel Horse Herd Optimization Algorithm (HOA) method. In this case, the HOA method is used to optimize the control parameters of the boost converter, such as the duty cycle and the inductor and capacitor values. According to the final results, the proposed method has reduced the Total Harmonic Deformation (THD) and power loss. Additionally, the proposed method outperformed existing strategies related to the Expected Energy Not Supplied (EENS), Loss of Load Probability (LOLP), and Loss of Load Expected (LOLE), indicating the sustainability of power generation.

Experimental analysis on the impacts of soil deposition and bird droppings on the thermal performance of photovoltaic panels

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are capable of meeting the urgent demand for power production for both domestic and commercial purposes. PV systems possess serious drawbacks as their performance is heavily influenced by environmental variables like wind, radiation, shadow, dust, and soil accumulation. The current work examines the performance of solar PV panels in the presence of soil and dust at various tilt angles. A solar PV simulator was used, and experiments were conducted for a hot-dry climate location (Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, 12.91° N, 79.1325° E), to evaluate the performance of solar PV panels under varying dust deposition. A total of seven different samples, such as black soil, desert soil, red soil, alluvial soil, laterite soil, coal dust, and bird droppings, were selected and dispersed over the surface of the PV panel at various weights of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g. The physical characteristics of the dust samples have been emphasized as being essential in determining how effectively the PV panel functioned. Bird droppings were shown to have the greatest influence on PV panel efficiency because of their tendency to stick to the panel surface due to moisture content, but coal dust, independent of tilt angle, was found to have the least effect. Coal dust was determined to have the least impact of all soil types since it is quickly blown away and does not stick to the surface. Bird droppings accounted for about 46.42 %–89.18% of the efficiency loss, which was determined to be high, whereas coal dust accounted for less than 13% of the efficiency loss. Furthermore, it was revealed that considered tilt angles (0O and 12.91O) have a minor influence on the PV's overall performance.

Performance Test of Solar Power Plant as a Source of Electricity in Mini Greenhouse

The potential of solar energy in an area is very dependent on the position between the sun and the position of the region on the earth’s surface. Greenhouse is house plant with environment plant that can controlled through devices electronics. The power electricity is needed for lights, water pumps, and another electronic component. This study aims to test the performance of solar panels as a source of electricity in a mini greenhouse and to determine how long it takes to charge the battery. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment and Machinery Production Management, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University. The result of this result is system mini greenhouse that consist of 2 solar panels type monocrystalline 100 Wp, Solar Charge Controller MPPT type, Inverter, Accu VRLA, cable, switch. Power generation results Sun this produce 2 outputs or output, i.e. tension and strength current. Tension and strong generated current fluctuate. This thing caused no stable intensity the sun at the moment testing field done. From use burden lamp of 20 watts obtained voltage Accu starting 12.87 V. From testing charging Accu who have conducted needed 8 hours for charging with voltage 13V.

Study of the Performance of a Photovoltaic Solar Panel by Using a Nanofluid as a Cooler

Abstract In this paper, we study by numerical simulation, the cooling of a solar photovoltaic panel using a nanofluid as a cooler. The solar panel is subjected to a hot temperature that character-ises the climate of the city of Bechar located in southwestern Algeria. The nanofluid (Al2O3-water) is introduced in the cavity with a constant horizontal speed and subjected to the ambient (cold) temperature. The equations governing the hydrodynamics of the flow and the heat transfer are described by the Navier-Stockes and energy equations. The finite element method is used to solve the system of partial differential equations (PDEs) based on the Galerkin method. We consider the effect of solid volume fraction and form factor for different values of Reynolds number on the results in the form of isotherms, streamlines, temperature, velocity, average Nusselt numbers and solar panel efficiency.

Potential Application of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQD) Synthesis from Rice Husk Waste Composite as Advanced Solar Cells to Increase Photon Energy Absorption in Maximizing Solar Panels Power Output Production

The increase in national energy consumption has forced us to intensify renewable energy utilization. Solar panel is one optional answer for that purpose. Unfortunately, the product resistance and photon absorption from silicon-based solar cells are still not good enough. Carbon quantum dots (CQD) could be an alternative advanced material that can be utilized to maximize the performance of solar panels. Therefore, researchers are interested in finding out how to manufacture CQD from the synthesis of rice husk waste composite as an advanced solar cell and analyze its potential to maximize solar panel photon energy absorption. Researchers use mixed study that applies literature review methods (as part of the descriptive research aspect) and causal comparative research methods (as part of the quantitative aspect). Based on previous research, rice husk waste was pre-processed by washing using de-ionized water (DI water) to remove residue, then baked and blended into powder, and cleaned using HCl as impurities remover. The hydrothermal process was carried out at 190 oC for 12 hours to synthesize CQD which functioned by amino and carboxyl. For further purification, CQD was dialyzed against DI water in cellulose. Super-dense material due to quantum level compression, makes CQD have a higher resistance when compared to silicon as solar cells. In addition, the absorption of photon energy that can be done by CQD solar cells has a higher percentage when compared to conventional solar cells. However, in this paper, the researchers did not make CQD and only analyzed through modeling which became the research gap in this paper.

Thermal performance of solar photovoltaic panel in hot climatic regions: Applicability and optimization analysis of PCM materials

A numerical modeling methodology based on the finite element method is utilized in this investigation to predict the impact of the PCM characteristics on the system cooling performance and the solar module output power. The thermal analysis considers the transient nature and the nonlinearity of the problem. The boundary conditions include the cyclic variation with time of solar irradiance and ambient temperature in a hot climatic region, with peak temperatures close to 50 °C. Under these circumstances and owing to the various influencing parameters, choosing an appropriate PCM is a challenging task. By allowing the PCM characteristics to vary continuously over the applicable domains and not just by giving specified discrete values, a systematic approach is adopted in this work. This technique is applied to explore the relationships between system input parameters, as defined by the PCM properties, and output variables, as described by cell temperature and module efficiency. Due to the harsh boundary conditions, the obtained results demonstrated that PCM with high thermal conductivity is required to achieve efficient thermal regulation. The enhanced material characteristics can only be provided by composite PCMs with graphite or metal additives. The resulting optimized design variables of the suitable PCM, melting temperature, thermal conductivity, and thickness, can reduce the cell temperature to 57 °C (20% reduction). The corresponding efficiency and power output are raised by around 8%. The power output was found to increase from 125 W (reference case) to 135 W for the optimized case. The results suggest that using a passive cooling system based on PCM is a viable method for enhancing the power output of a solar PV module. The created coupled model predicts the thermal behavior of the PV module and significantly facilitates the PCM selection procedure to ensure its applicability.

Designing, Manufacturing, and Testing of 50 Wp Solar Panel Monitor Equipment Using Arduino and Internet of Things

Monitoring the performance of solar panels is very necessary to assess the performance of a solar panel in real environmental conditions. The aim of the research is to study the real-time monitoring of solar panel with an Internet of Things (IoT) System. The designed solar panel performance monitoring system is equipped with a wifi module, and voltage, temperature, and humidity sensors. The design of this solar panel monitoring system uses Arduino and the IoT system a function of by reading, sending, and processing data obtained by sensors. The performance monitoring system on this solar panel utilizes the concept of sending solar panel data to other components via the Internet. By using the internet which is integrated into applications and databases as data storage. The solar panels used in the test are Polycrystalline type with a capacity of 50 Wp. The result is that this tool has successfully tested four solar panels with accurate results under optimal condition.

Design and investigation of PV string/central architecture for bayesian fusion technique using grey wolf optimization and flower pollination optimized algorithm

One of the most essential factors in the current study is effectively harvesting the Maximum Power Extraction (MPE) from the Photovoltaic (PV) panel. The primary difficulties in extracting solar power is occurrence of partial shading which causes the panel to significantly increases power loss. These will mainly occur due to when partially shaded solar PV array kept under certain critical conditions for obtaining maximum output power. Many researcher have suggested by connecting bypass diodes in anti-parallel to the PV modules hotspots in the modules can be avoided. Out of all techniques, the proposed Bayesian Fusion Technique (BFT) is a hybrid optimization algorithm that combines the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) techniques to optimize the performance of solar panels in photovoltaic (PV) systems. The combination of GWO and FPA forms an ideal combination that is beneficial for optimizing the performance of PV systems is determined in this work. In this study real 6*6 PV array string and irregular PV array configuration such as central and parallel-series PV string combination of various partial shading pattern is compared and found to be effective for reducing the hotspots problems. The performance of these configuration under different shading patterns have been compared and analyzed with the different parameters like output power, conversion efficiency and tracking efficiency. This article state about the influence of partial darkening and the crucial point that reduce the sensitivity to shading heaviness. For better understanding for reader the MATLAB/Simulink software is used to validate the simulation result with real time data. Overall, this article states the BFT is an efficient and reliable approach to improve the efficiency of PV systems, by combining two optimization techniques like GWO and FPA hybrid algorithm. This article gives clear insight to the researchers for choosing BFT-GWO algorithm in order to decrease the cost and wastage of energy for achieving better solar panel performance.

Fault classification using deep learning based model and impact of dust accumulation on solar photovoltaic modules

ABSTRACT Solar panel performance is affected by ambient temperature, sunlight, module surface temperature, dust, and shadows. Dust inhibits sunlight from reaching photovoltaic modules, reducing power generation. Dust is aerosol pollution from natural or human-made sources. Dust on photovoltaic (PV) panels reduces power generation and raises the surface temperature, shortening panel life. This work uses a Fluke TiS60 Thermal Imager for detection of hotspot created by the accumulation of dust and further classification of the faulty and healthy images is done. The image classifiers used in this paper are SqueezeNet and AlexNet transfer learning methods, the accuracy of both methods is compared, and AlexNet performs best with an accuracy of 99.3%. Further, the effect of dust on PV modules is studied, and hotspots are created intentionally with the help of dust for study purposes. Initially, 50% of a solar module is covered with dust and then 100% of the solar module is covered with dust particles to find the power loss, when a thin layer of dust was spread over 50% of a module power loss is of 4.7% and when a thick layer of dust is spread over 50% the power loss is 5.9%, when thin layer of dust was applied over 100% of a module power loss is of 6.49% and when thick layer of dust is spread over 100% the power loss is 10.17%. This analysis for a healthy and faulty panel is done that helps PV module inspection by facilitating a more precise and cost-effective identification of PV defects.

Reduced power generation efficiency of solar panels in dusty locations

In this paper, we aim to investigate the performance of solar panels depending on the climate conditions of their location and the chemical and electrophysical characteristics of deposited dust. In particular, we study the effect of surface contamination of solar panels on their efficiency and determine the period of dust deposition that is critical in terms of power generation reduction. Experiments were conducted in April 2022 in the Republic of Tajikistan and the Chelyabinsk region of the Russian Federation. Both domestic and foreign publications on the impact of surface contamination on solar cell efficiency were reviewed. Comparative field experiments were carried out to investigate the performance of solar panels depending on environmental variables. It was found that the level of dust deposition in the Chelyabinsk region reached about 12–19 mg/m3, which is significantly lower than that in Tajikistan. However, due to its fine disperse structure, this dust is harder to remove. In Tajikistan, the capacity of the solar panel covered with dust de-creased by 46.64% relative to its nominal value in the first decade of April (the onset of dust storms). In the large industrial city of Chelyabinsk, the power output of the panels under study decreased by an average of 7.1% during this period. These findings confirm the importance of solar panel protection for maintaining the nominal values of solar power generation in the given regions. When no special protection devices are used, cleaning frequency for maintaining the re-quired efficiency of solar panels should be, on average, not less than once a week for both regions. A device is proposed for preventing dusting of the solar panel surface based on electron-ion technology. In addition, holographic films can be used to protect solar panels not only from dust contamination, but also from IR radiation. These protection approaches are the subject of future research.

Increasing the Efficiency of the Solar Cell by Using a Heat Exchanger Technique

One of the problems that arise when generating renewable energy (using solar cells) in the world and in Iraq especially is high outside temperatures. Because of the properties of crystalline silicon used in the manufacture of solar cells, the electrical performance of solar panels is greatly affected by the operating temperature of silicon solar cells, which leads to a decrease in the energy generated by these cells increasing their temperature. In addition, to control this decrease in energy, the solar panels were cooled using a heat exchanger that uses water as a coolant. The heat exchanger technique can potentially increase the efficiency of a solar cell by using the waste heat generated during the photovoltaic process. This heat can be captured and used for pre-heating a water that is then passed through a heat exchanger, which transfers the heat to the outside. This can improve the overall efficiency of the solar cell. In this research, a copper heat exchanger has been used for cooling a solar cell and studying the effect of this cooling method on the temperature and efficiency of the PV. We used a source of light and warmth. With a halogen lamp, the results showed an accelerating manner, as the temperature of the solar cell increased, the open-circuit voltage decreased, but when using the heat exchanger, the temperature of the cell rose slowly, so the open-circuit voltage decreased slower compared to the first case during the same period, and this leads to the PV working with a higher efficiency under the same conditions.

Monitoring PV Output Power in Tropical Climates Under Surface Temperature Distribution Area

The performance parameters of a solar panel are influenced by many factors, including the type of panel, area, solar radiation, ambient temperature, and weather. This study aims to analyse the effect of solar radiation and temperature on the performance of monocrystalline solar panels. This research was located in Palu, one of the cities with high temperatures in tropical Indonesia. The study used 50 Wp PV, which was placed in the eastern Palu area based on the spatial distribution of surface temperature with the highest temperature distribution. Data sampling is 25 times per day from 11:00 am – 03:00 pm. The result is that increased surface temperature of the solar panel impacts the decrease in the output power of the PV. The environmental temperature of 32.87 °C in the East Palu area causes a decrease of PV power by 2.3%.

Realtime And Centralized Solar Panel Online Monitoring System Design Using Thingspeak

Indonesia is a country with a tropical climate and has a high intensity of solar irradiation. Seeing this situation, Indonesia is the right region to implement the installation of new and renewable energy such as PLTS. In the use of solar panels, the magnitude of the output power is determined by several environmental conditions, such as the intensity of sunlight, temperature, and the direction in which sunlight comes. To prevent damage and deterioration in the performance of solar panels, research is needed for a more accurate and efficient use of renewable energy. The study was a solar panel system with a Wemos D1 microcontroller that monitored online using Thing speak with the help of INA 219 and LDR sensors. Online monitoring system by recording data on current, voltage, and light intensity in real time and centralized. The system will store and record measurement data every 15 seconds in the form of JSON, XML, CSV file extensions. Error on the voltage sensor of 1.7% for and 3.2% for the current sensor. average panel voltage value of 12.77 V, average panel current value of 0.43 A and 2410 lux for light intensity at interval testing from 07:00 a.m.to 16:00p.m.

Performance Study of Monocrystalline Type Solar Panels for Street Lighting in Sibolga Area

In the Sibolga area, there is still a shortage of electricity supply, especially for street lighting, so accidents often occur, meanwhile there has a relatively large average solar radiation intensity is 4,784 Wh/m2/day so that potential for PLTS installation. This research aims to determine the performance of monocrystalline solar panels with the addition of a heatsink cooling fan in street lighting. The method used is an experimental. The test begins with the survey, potential calculation, design, testing, data collection and analysis. The solar panel used monocrystalline 10 WP with a heatsink cooling fan. The parameters are the panel temperature, voltage, and current from the solar panel. The results obtained are the temperature on the solar panel without heatsink cooling fan reaches 56.10°C with efficiency 11% and on the solar panel with heatsink cooling fan only gets 45.50°C with efficiency increases to 13%. This shows that the addition of a heatsink cooling fan has succeeded in cooling the temperature of the solar panels and increasing the efficiency level of solar panel performance for street lighting.

Recent Trends in Applications of Nanofluids for Effective Utilization of Solar Energy

:Renewable-energy sources have been explored recently by scientists to fulfill the global energy demand. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2040, wind and solar power will be the star performers for energy conservation. The annual potential energy received from the sun ranges from 1,575 to 49,800 exajoules (EJ). However, this energy is not being utilized to its potential. Recently, researchers have proven that nanofluids can be used as a working fluid replacing the conventional working fluid for solar collectors and other heat exchange operations. The selection of the nanofluid is not only based on the size and shape of nanoparticles but the pH value and stability of nanofluids are also important parameters.:This review paper is mainly focused on the recent trends in nanofluids applications for the capture, conservation, and utilization of solar energy. The present paper reviews the detailed analysis of various forces affecting the nanofluid system and also highlights the important aspects to reduce the frictional energy losses, exergy destruction, entropy generation, effect of the flow properties, and thermo-physical properties of the nanofluids, and other reasons for wastage of the exergy. This study also compares the performance of the direct absorption solar panel, flat plate solar panel, parabolic solar collector, photovoltaic thermal solar collector, linear Fresnel solar collector, solar dish, and evacuated type solar collector.:Among these solar collectors, direct absorption solar collectors, flat plate solar collectors, photovoltaic solar collectors, and evacuated type solar collectors are more commonly used solar collectors; thus, the exergy and energy analyses of these collectors are important for their design and application. Stability issues and agglomeration problems are still some major concerns involved in the application of nanofluids. However, the use of nanofluid increases the performance of the solar collector compared to the base fluid as a working fluid. This paper also highlights the recent trends in the application of nanofluids in solar collectors.

Enhancement of the Polycrystalline Solar Panel Performance Using a Heatsink Cooling System with PCM

The operating temperature of a photovoltaic module significantly impacts its performance and efficiency. The aims of the present study to enhance the performance of a polycrystalline solar cell by decreasing its temperature using a back surface cooling system. For this study, 3D system model is modeled using SolidWorks 2021 software. The cooling system consisted of a layer of phase-change material (RT55 wax) with a thickness of 5 cm and a heatsink consisting of 33 fins of different sizes. A heatsink was added to enhance the thermal conductivity of the paraffin wax. Numerical simulation is carried out with ANSYS FLUENT 2021 R2 software to generate meshing and solve physical problems. The simulation was based on Baghdad's city climate, which included a heat flux of 955 W/m2 and an ambient temperature of 50.1 °C. The predicted results from the numerical simulation showed that the average temperature of the panel before cooling was 65.8 °C, and when wax was applied, the temperature decreased by 8 °C and by 11.9 °C with the addition of the fins (PV-FPC). Also, the output power improved from 190.4 watts to 197.6 Watts and then to 200.6 watts when using the PCM and F-PCM, respectively. Electrical efficiency was 12.93% with PV only. The panel efficiency increased to 13.42% after applying the PV-PCM system and to 13.62% after using the F-PCM system. From this result can be concluded that Combining paraffin wax and fins enhanced efficiency by 3.5%. This result is acceptable and is in good agreement with previous studies.

An Experimental Comparison Between Fixed and Single-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic Solar Panel Performance: Zakho City as Case Study

An Experimental Comparison Between Fixed and Single-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic Solar Panel Performance: Zakho City as Case Study

An Experimental Comparison Between Fixed and Single-Axis Tracking Photovoltaic Solar Panel Performance: Zakho City as Case Study

The tracking system that uses for PV solar systems has a vital role to improve the energy performance of the solar panel. In the present study, the performance of both the fixed PV solar system and single – axis tracking PV solar system is investigated experimentally. The power for each PV solar panel is 150 W. The performances of the two systems are compared to display the efficient improvement of a single-axis solar tracking (SAST) system with fixed solar (FS) system under the climate conditions in the Zakho/ Kurdistan region/ Iraq. A mechanical tracking device with a controller and linear actuator was designed, and its performance was comprehensively investigated with a PV system. The findings for a sunny day due to the use of a single axis tracking system with a solar panel as compared with those of a fixed panel, that the enhancement in the overall power generation and electrical efficiency are about 28 % and 29 %, respectively.