Performance Of PV Panel Research Articles

Influences of Hybrid Cooling Mechanism through PV System under Solar Simulator Testing

An increasing efficiency of the solar system can be improved by using hybrid cooling mechanism. This paper presents the impact of hybrid cooling mechanism on PV panel under indoor testing with varying solar intensity. Thus, the fabrication of a solar simulator for indoor testing reacts as the space solar radiation is described. The performance of PV panel which attached to a hybrid cooling mechanism compared with PV panel without cooling mechanism under variation of average solar radiation. Experimental tests were carried out for various average solar radiations by varying the number of lamps and/or the lamp-to-area distance. Without altering the spectral distribution, the characteristic of current-voltage of PV panel was analysed under average solar radiation which varied from 202 W/m<sup>2</sup> to 1003 W/m<sup>2</sup>. As the result, the PV panel with hybrid cooling system explored to generate more power output with decreasing in PV panel temperature. About 15.79 % increment of power output generated by PV panel with cooling at maximum average solar radiation. Furthermore, the PV panel temperature also can be decreased about 10.28 % respectively. The combination of DC fan and water pump as cooling mechanism plays an important role in generating efficient power output from PV panel.

Experimental investigation of water based photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) system with and without phase change material (PCM)

Electrical efficiency of photovoltaic panel depends upon material of photovoltaic panel and its operating temperature. Electricity generation of photovoltaic cell drops with rise in temperature so cooling is required to increase its performance. Photovoltaic/thermal system (PV/T) is a technology in which solar thermal system embeds behind PV panel which extracts heat of photovoltaic panel and keeps PV panel cool. This article presented experimental investigation of different PV systems under environmental conditions to improve performance of PV panel. Three different systems are used, which consisted of convectional PV panel, water based photovoltaic/thermal system (PV/T) with double absorber plate and water based photovoltaic/thermal system with phase change material (PCM). In water based PV/T system, double absorber plate is used in which top absorber plate is attached to PV panel and second absorber plate is attached to copper pipes having same shape of profile as that of piping arrangement. In water based PV/T-PCM, paraffin wax RT-30 is used as phase change material. Experiment was performed at three different mass flow rates i.e. 0.013 kg/sec, 0.023 kg/sec, 0.031 kg/sec and its effect on electrical and thermal efficiency has been investigated. It has been observed from analysis that photovoltaic/thermal technology could become a significant solution to provide higher electrical and thermal efficient systems.

A review of photovoltaic cells cooling techniques

This paper highlights different cooling techniques to reduce the operating temperature of the PV cells. This review paper focuses on the improvement of the performance of the small domestic use PV systems by keeping the temperature of the cells as low as possible and uniform. Different cooling techniques have been investigated experimentally and numerically the impact of the operating temperature of the cells on the electrical and thermal performance of the PV systems. The advantages and disadvantages of ribbed wall heat sink cooling, array air duct cooling installed beneath the PV panel, water spray cooling technique and back surface water cooling are examined in this paper to identify their effective impact on the PV panel performance. It was identified that the water spray cooling system has a proper impact on the PV panel performance. So the water cooling is one way to enhance the electrical efficiency of the PV panel.

Determination of Cloud Effect on the Performance of Photovoltaic Module

This letter investigates the effect of cloud on the performance of solar PV panel. The intensity of solar radiation is reduced in cloud condition, because cloud interrupts beam radiation reaching the earth surface as a result, this affect the output performance of the PV module. Outdoor experiment and simulations of parameters of the PV module are conducted using MATLAB to investigate this effect. Result shows that the cloud reducesthe efficiency of the PV module by blocking some part of the Sun insolation. In the three experimental locations of this work, the reduction in efficiency was found to be from 0.96% to 3.77%.

Comparative performance of PV panels of different technologies over one year of exposure: Application to a coastal Mediterranean region of Algeria

The aim of this contribution is to compare the performance of four PV panels of different technologies for one year of exposure under natural outdoor conditions of a coastal region in the southern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. An original platform of test, especially dedicated for this study is presented describing operations and techniques used for measurements of the pertinent experimental data and for their exploitation. The four panel technologies studied are micromorph silicon (μ-Si), monocrystalline silicon (M-Si), amorphous silicon (a-Si) and polycrystalline silicon (Poli-Si). Two types of results are analyzed and presented. The first type is straight forwardly linked to the PV panels standard data calculated experimentally from measurements recorded during one year of exposure and compared with the values provided by the manufacturers in their datasheets. The second type is related to the energy yield in which the corresponding monthly and annual performance ratios of the four PV panels is calculated in two ways, using 1 – the datasheet’s value of Power Max, and 2 – the data providing from experimental campaign. In addition to the general conclusions concerning the fundamental role of the experimental study at a natural site for a good sizing of a renewable energy production system, we extend the analysis and discussion for the specific localization case of southern coastal region of Mediterranean, by including the comparative performance of the four types of PV panels.

Reliable power and quality drinking water for rural household through integrative approach of solar PV system

At present, solar photovoltaic research and its development is being propagated at a faster rate. However, the efficiency of the solar PV system has not been achieved to the required level. Also, several researchers have proved that during power production, the heat generated in the panel surface should be kept optimum for enhanced power output. This paper deals with the integrative approach (combined heat and power) to the pasteurisation of drinking water and enhanced electrical power output. Several researchers proved that by heating the water to 65°C is suitable for drinking. The experimental result revealed the batch of water can be easily arrived to 65°C from the convention solar thin film PV panel and concurrently the performance of the thin film PV panel is enhanced by cooling effect.

Feasibility of solar tracking systems for PV panels in hot and cold regions

Solar tracking systems would probably increase the efficiency of a PV module, but when and where. There are many factors that affect the performance of PV panels, especially crystalline silicon panels, e.g. overheating due to excessive exposure to solar irradiance in a hot climate as in Sunbelt countries. So, it could be the case that a tracking system is not necessary for a Sunbelt country. The objective of this research is to determine mathematically the performance of a PV panel as a function of tracking the sun and the operating conditions. The used mathematical model is validated experimentally and then applied for several environments, i.e. hot as well as cold regions. It has been found that the gain in electrical energy from tracking the sun is about 39% in case of a cold city as Berlin, Germany. While the gain in energy does not exceed 8% in case of a hot city as Aswan, Egypt, due to overheating of the PV panels. However, if the energy needed for running the tracking system, which ranges from 5% to 10% of the energy generated, is included in this analysis then tracking the sun will not be feasible in hot countries.

Performance of PV Panel Mounting Structure for Flat Surface and Roof-Top in UAE Climatic Conditions

PV Panel mounting structure for ground, flat surface and rooftops are getting common and gaining their popularity for several reasons, with availability of vast land that can easily be turned into flat surfaces and flat roof tops of buildings, there is a high probability of such products getting common in short span of time in this region. Conventional mounting structures require ample amount of time for them to be ready for installation, such flat surface mounting structures reduces or eliminates a huge chunk of expense. The efficiency is effected due to the tilt which is obvious, but the effect on performance of the rooftop PV system due to temperature and less air flow is discussed in this paper.

Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic Solar Panel Using Thermoelectric Cooling

As a great potential renewable energy source, solar energy is becoming one of the most important energies in the future. Performance of PV panel decreases with increase in temperature of the PV panel. Hence, output power of PV module drops with rise in temperature, if heat is not removed. The cooling of PV modules would enhance the performance of PV panel. In order to cool this thermoelectric system is used. Hybridization of PV module with thermoelectric modules used to increase the overall efficiency of the solar energy conversion system by keeping temperature constant within the limits. Model of hybrid combination of PV–Thermoelectric has been developed and study of thermoelectric has done to illustrate its usefulness in hybrid model of PV and thermoelectric modules. This paper shows the performance of PV panel through augmentation of thermoelectric cooling system to increase overall electric conversion efficiency of PV array

Performance Comparision of P&O and INC MPPT Techniques for a Boost Converter in Solar Photovoltaic System

Maximum power point tracking techniques play an important role in solar photovoltaic systems to achieve the desired output power. These techniques track maximum power from the solar panel under varying solar irradiation and cell temperature. Among these techniques, Perturb & Observe (P&O) is used by many researchers. Due to the ease of realization and Incremental conductance (INC) algorithm is widely used because of reduced oscillations around maximum power point. In this paper, MATLAB/SIMULINK tool has been used to evaluate the performance of 125W solar PV panel by using these algorithms. The performance comparison of P&O and INC techniques is made and the results exhibit the maximum power tracking from solar PV panel and well regulated output voltage across the load is achieved.

Influence of Dirt Accumulation on Performance of PV Panels

Accumulation of dirt or particles like dust, water, sand and moss on the surface of solar photovoltaic panel obstruct or distract light energy from reaching the solar cells. This is a major problem since the light obstruction materials pose as external resistances that reduce solar photovoltaic performance. The present work was performed to analyze the effects of accumulation of such dirt or particle son the output performances of solar panel. Experiments using different obstruction materials were conducted under controlled conditions using spotlights to simulate source of solar radiation. It was found that the external resistance could reduce the photovoltaic performance by up to 85%.

The Effect of Cooling on the Performance of Photovoltaic Cells under Dusty Environmental Conditions

Solar photovoltaic technology is a major form of renewable energy and is gaining worldwide interest due to rising energy demands and concerns of environmental effects. Kuwait is located on latitude of 29.22oN and enjoys high solar radiation in most parts of the year (7.65 kWh/m2.day). However, Kuwait suffers from dust and sand storms due to its very little vegetation, dryness, weightless-textured surface soil and frequent unstable strong air currents. This work investigates the performance of solar PV panel based on HIT silicon cells under Kuwait environment and assesses the effect of cooling in reducing the impact of dust on the PV power output. Measurements showed that dust reduces the power output by 16% at midday. This effect can be partially compensated through cooling the PV panel.

Optical and thermal behavior of submerged photovoltaic solar panel: SP2

In this paper submerged photovoltaic systems (PVSs) are investigated with regard to the efficiency increase of PVS under high irradiance and ambient temperature; in particular, the optical and thermal effects are studied by means of experimental tests and mathematical models. The increment of efficiency through the cooling effects is evaluated. The PV panel performance of a submerged photovoltaic panel is investigated at different water depths. Experiments results on crystalline silicon panels are used to validate the models.