Performance Anodes For Lithium-ion Batteries Research Articles

Yolk-shell SiO2 wrapped by reduced graphene oxide for high performance lithium-ion battery anode

In order to alleviate the rapid capacity attenuation caused by huge volume expansion and low electronic conductivity during SiO2 charge and discharge, the rGO@yolk-shell SiO2 structure is designed by using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the conductive network and loading the carbon-coated SiO2 as the yolk-shell structure. The well-designed yolk-shell structure can slow down the volume change without destroying the carbon layer. The conductive networks of rGO, in conjunction with this carbon layer, contribute to the efficient electron transport pathway. When measured as anode material for lithium-ion batteries, rGO@yolk-shell SiO2 exhibits a long cycle performance of 616 mAh g−1 after 358 cycles at 0.1 A g−1.

Enhanced lithium storage capacitance of layered CoFe2O4&V2CT hybrid anode material synthesized by in-situ hydrothermal method

CoFe 2 O 4 &V 2 CT x hybrid material was synthesized as a high volumetric performance anode in lithium-ion batteries by an in-situ hydrothermal method. Multilayered V 2 CT x in the hybrid acts as a superior host for homogenous loading CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles due to the opened two-dimensional structure of MXene, favorable electrical conductivity and low Li + diffusion barrier. XRD results confirmed CoFe 2 O 4 &V 2 CT x hybrid had been formed, and SEM images showed the spherical CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles were randomly deposited on the surface of accordion-like morphology MXene. Being an anode material, it exhibited a good reversible capacity of 638.6 mAh g −1 with 97.8 % coulombic efficiency after 100 cycles at 1 C. In addition, ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectra revealed that a redox reaction was involved in the Li + ions extraction/insertion process. Our work provides further insight into the hybrid application of the binary metal & layered MXene hybrids as high-performance anode electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. Scheme 1. The graphical abstract. • CFO&V 2 CT x hybrid material were prepared the by in-situ hydrothermal method. • CFO&V 2 CT x hybrid exhibited a reversible capacity of 638.6 mAh g −1 after 100 cycles at 1 C. • Ex-situ XPS revealed a redox reaction was involved in the Li + ions extraction/insertion process.

Uniform integration of amorphous SnO2 nanoparticles encapsulated into the carbon matrix as enhanced electrochemical performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Uniform integration of amorphous SnO2 nanoparticles encapsulated into the carbon matrix as enhanced electrochemical performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries

Plant-cell oriented few-layer MoS2/C as high performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries

MoS 2 with layered structure and high theoretical capacity (670 mAh· g − 1 ) has attracted great attention as a potential anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the intrinsic low electronic conductivity and structural collapse during the lithiation/delithiation process hinder its practical application. In this study, a few-layer MoS 2 decorated biocarbon (MoS 2 /C) was exquisitely constructed employing petal cells as structure-directing agents. In the synthesis process, nucleation and growth of MoS 2 were restricted in the confined space of petal cells, and thus MoS 2 nanosheets (about 3–8 layers) grew vertically and dispersed uniformly on the petal-cell derived biocarbon matrix. The special structure effectively alleviates volume expansion and restack of MoS 2 during the lithiation/delithiation process, while the in situ generated biocarbon improves the conductivity of electrode, thus boosting electron transportation and Li + diffusivity. Moreover, theoretical calculations reveal the lower Li + migration barrier energies and improved Li + diffusion kinetics in MoS 2 /C hetero-layer. Consequently, the MoS 2 /C exhibits remarkable rate performance and cycle stability, showing a superior reversible capacity (951 mAh· g − 1 over 500 cycles at 100 mA· g − 1 ) much larger than bulk MoS 2 (108 mAh· g − 1 ) and biocarbon (355 mAh· g − 1 ). This study provides a convenient and effective strategy to design advanced electrodes for the next-generation energy storage and conversion systems.

Encapsulating Sn-Cu alloy particles into carbon nanofibers as improved performance anodes for lithium-ion batteries

The SnCu-SiO2 @CNFs composite nanofibers are successfully fabricated by electrospinning and subsequent heat treatments, in which the Sn-Cu alloy particles are uniformly confined in carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in the presence of SiO2. The characterization results show that incorporating SiO2 into the CNFs matrix can mitigate the problem of the phase separation between Sn-Cu alloy particles and CNFs and increase the fibrous structural integrity of the composite electrodes. Importantly, the SnCu-SiO2 @CNFs-1.0 composite electrode displays the improved electrochemical performance when the amount of Cu(Ac)2 is controlled at 1.0 mmol, in which the discharge specific capacity of the electrode not only delivers 501.8 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 100 mA/g, but also retains 467.4 mAh/g after rate cycles when the current density is abruptly recovered to 100 mA/g. Moreover, the SnCu-SiO2 @CNFs-1.0 electrode can possess an enhanced Li+ diffusion coefficient of approximately 1.58 × 10−16 cm2 s−1 and a high Warburg coefficient of 568.9 Ω cm2 s−0.5 at room temperature. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be partly ascribed to the complete encapsulation of Sn-Cu alloy particles by the CNFs matrix, and partly to the promotion of the over-all electronic conductivity. Furthermore, the flexible and conductive CNFs matrix and the stable Cu6Sn5 phase can conjoinedly accommodate the volume change of the electrodes during charge/discharge processes. Therefore, the facile strategy for encapsulating Sn-Cu alloy particles into CNFs may offer some a prospective instruction for the alloy anodes in the field of energy storage.

(Digital Presentation) Role of Phosphorus Doping on Silicon Anode Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries Via Facile Solid-State Synthesis

Lithiated silicon (Li15Si4) has a theoretical specific capacity of 3579 mAh g-1 compared to 372 mAh g-1 for graphite at conventional conditions. However, the large volume fluctuations during (de)lithiation result in irreversible damage to the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and then gradual capacity loss as the electrolyte is reduced to reform the surface passivation layer in each cycle. One approach to mitigate this issue is to develop an artificial SEI layer on the silicon surface to limit strain-induced fracture during cycling. The approach presented herein is unique in that both surface functionalization and homogenous doping of the silicon are simultaneously achieved by introducing a trace amount of phosphorus via facile solid-state synthesis. Increased thermodynamic stability of the Li-P-Si ternaries as evidenced in previous studies has been corroborated herein, showing that the P-doped lithium silicide exhibits a contracted crystal lattice which both reduces the Li+ mobility and suppresses the chemical reaction between lithium silicide and typical organic electrolytes. The effect of P-doping, specifically the doping amount and depth within the silicon particles, on the electrochemical performance in lithium-ion batteries was investigated. In conclusion, the solid-state reaction between red phosphorus and nanoparticulate silicon is a relatively simple and tunable method enabling versatile studies of the interfacial chemistry of silicon electrodes over hundreds of cycles.

Nanoparticles constructed mesoporous coral-like Mn2O3 as high performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

As well established, the morphology and architecture of electrode materials greatly contribute to the electrochemical properties. Herein, a novel structure of mesoporous coral-like manganese (III) oxide (Mn2O3) is synthesized via a facile solvothermal method coupled with the carbonization under air. When fabricated as anode electrode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the as-prepared Mn2O3 exhibits good electrochemical properties, showing a high discharge capacity of 1090.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and excellent rate performance of 410.4 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1. Furthermore, it maintains the reversible discharge capacity of 1045 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 380 cycles, and 755 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 450 cycles. The durable cycling stability and outstanding rate performance can be attributed to its unique 3D mesoporous structure, which is favorable for increasing active area and shortening Li+ diffusion distance.

Silicon doped graphene as high cycle performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

Silicon/carbon composite is discovered as a prevailing strategy to prevent the deterioration of silicon material during battery cycling. Herein, we report a novel silicon doped graphene material (SiG) through a facile synthetic route and investigate its application in lithium-ion battery. The microwave irradiation treatment successfully realizes the doping of Si heteroatoms into the graphene lattice, which results in a twice specific capacity of pristine graphene. More importantly, the SiG demonstrates an improvement in Li+ storage and diffusion after cycle, as well as enhanced energy density and power density, which is attributed to the Si heteroatoms dispersed on the surface and a more ordered graphene lattice. Full cell assembled with SiG/LiFePO4 achieves 86% retention after 200 cycles. The novel silicon doping strategy paves the way for the practical application in high-performance lithium-ion batteries.

Effect of calcination temperature on the electrochemical performance of nickel nanoparticles on carbon coated porous silicon nanospheres anode for lithium-ion batteries

Si/C composite has been widely studied as high performance anode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high capacity and abundant resource. However, its practical application is still hampered by the limited electronic conductivity. Herein, Ni nanoparticles are introduced on Si/C composite by calcining porous Si covered with Ni2+-polydopamine complexes in this paper. The effect of the calcination temperature on the structure and electrochemical property of the obtained Si@C-Ni composite anode is systematically studied. When the calcination temperature is 550 °C, the Si@C-Ni shows the best electrochemical performance (a high capacity of 1622.9 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 after 100 cycles and an excellent rate performance of 1140 mA h g−1 at 6.4 A g−1). Its outstanding electrochemical performance of Si@C-Ni-550 is related to the optimized size and uniform dispersion of Ni nanoparticles which can offer additional electron highway, boosting the electronic conductivity of Si/C composite. Higher calcination temperature (≥650 °C) leads to the rapid increase of Ni nanoparticles size which results in Ni aggregation on carbon, reducing the cycling stability and rate capability of Si@C-Ni. Our work offers a guide to prepare high performance metal-rich Si/C composite anode with appropriate synthetic temperature for LIBs.

Turning rice husks to a valuable boron and nitrogen co-doped porous C/SiOx composite for high performance lithium-ion battery anodes

For the exploitation of green biomass waste, boron (B) and nitrogen (N) co-doped porous C/SiOx composites ([email protected]/SiOx) have been successfully synthesized applying rice husks (RHs) as both C and Si sources and NH4HB4O7 as the porogen reagent and heteroatom source via a one-step calcination route. The volume fluctuation of SiOx can be effectively relieved and the electronic conductivity can be substantially enhanced with the homogeneous distribution of SiOx particles in the B, N co-doped porous C matrix. Specially, B, N co-doping effectively reduces the transmission barrier of Li+ in C skeleton of C/SiOx. The unique porous architecture, large specific surface area and B, N co-doping endow [email protected]/SiOx with the large reversible capacity, exceptional rate property and superior cycling stability. As lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) anodes, the optimized [email protected]/SiOx exhibits the cycling capacity of 1165 mAh/g at 100 mA/g and ameliorated initial coulombic efficiency (CE) of 74.3%. Even at 1.0 A/g, a stable cycling capacity of 650 mAh/g still can be obtained after 1200 cycles. This research offers a potential, relatively effective, cheap and environmental design of heteroatom doped biomass materials with enhanced Li+ storage performance.

Mesoporous silicon nanocubes coated by nitrogen-doped carbon shell and wrapped by graphene for high performance lithium-ion battery anodes

Silicon materials have received widespread attention due to their inherent high theoretical specific capacity. However, large volumetric expansion and poor electrical conductivity hinder the large-scale application of silicon materials. To address these issues, we synthesize mesoporous silicon nanocubes coated by nitrogen-doped carbon shell ([email protected]) and wrapped by graphene ([email protected]) respectively. The ordered mesoporous silica nanocubes are obtained via a hydrolysis reaction of Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS) and further reduced by a magnesiothermic reduction to prepare mesoporous silicon nanocubes (MSC). The porous structure of MSC not only speeds up the transfer of ions and electrons, but also buffers the internal stress triggered by the volume expansion of the electrode material. Moreover, in addition to providing additional lithium storage sites and high conductivity, the graphene or nitrogen-doped carbon shell also effectively prevents aggregation and cracking of the mesoporous silicon, greatly promoting the stability of the entire electrode structure. Therefore, the electrochemical properties of composite materials are significantly enhanced by the combination of the mesoporous structure and the nitrogen-doped carbon shell or graphene. [email protected] can deliver the initial discharge specific capacity of 2852.7 mAh·g−1 and the initial Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 83.74%. After 100 cycles, the [email protected] and [email protected] composite materials exhibit reversible specific capacities of 1070.5 mAh·g−1 and 738.2 mAh·g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, respectively.

Enhanced rate performance of lithium-ion battery anodes using a cobalt-incorporated carbon conductive agent

Merging a tiny amount of metal ions into oxidized conductive agents proves to be a valid way to improve the rate performance of LIBs anodes, due to a synergism of increased electron conductivity, affinity with the electrolyte and desolvation process.

Silicon Doped Graphene as High Cycle Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Silicon Doped Graphene as High Cycle Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Coating Rice Husk-Derived Si/C with External C to Yield High Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Effects of Carbon Precursors

Coating Rice Husk-Derived Si/C with External C to Yield High Performance Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Effects of Carbon Precursors

C/Sn deposition on a helical carbon nanofiber matrix as a high performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

C/Sn/HCNF composites were successfully prepared by solution phase synthesis and carbon thermal reduction. Within the hybrid composite, the HCNFs, Sn and carbon layer show a synergistic effect in improving coulombic efficiency and electrical capacity.

Yolk-Shell Sio2 Wrapped by Reduced Graphene Oxide for High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode

Yolk-Shell Sio2 Wrapped by Reduced Graphene Oxide for High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode

Green Method of Encapsulating Sno2 in the Matrix of Corn Straw-Derived Carbon Used for High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Material

Green Method of Encapsulating Sno2 in the Matrix of Corn Straw-Derived Carbon Used for High Performance Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Material

Preferred Coordination of Polymer at Mofs Enables Improved Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Performance

Preferred Coordination of Polymer at Mofs Enables Improved Lithium-Ion Battery Anode Performance

Preferred coordination of polymers at MOFs enables improved lithium-ion battery anode performance

A rationally designed hybrid multifunctional ZnO–C@SiOC nanocomposite derived from ZIF-8 coordinated linear chain of organosilicon polymer exhibits superior electrochemical storage performance as anode for lithium ion batteries.

Polyaniline intercalated MoS2 nanosheet array aligned on reduced oxide graphene as high performance anode for lithium-ion batteries

To improve the electronic and ionic transfer in MoS2, we develop hierarchical structure of MoS2/polyaniline/reduced graphene oxide (denoted as MoS2/PANI/rGO), in which PANI intercalated MoS2 nanosheets are vertically grown on rGO nanosheets. PANI together with rGO builds 3D conductive networks, facilitating electronic transfer both in and vertical to the layers of MoS2. Moreover, MoS2 nanosheets exhibit expanded interlayers owing to the intercalation of PANI, which is beneficial for the kinetics of Li+ storage/release. As anode for lithium-ion batteries, MoS2/PANI/rGO exhibits superior long-term cyclic performance with a reversible capacity of 1035.1 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 550 cycles. It presents excellent rate performance of 676.9 mA h g−1 even at 10 A g−1. The MoS2/PANI/rGO composite could be a promising anode material for high performance lithium-ion batteries.