Performance In Nigeria Research Articles

Foreign Investment Flows and Stock Market Performance in Nigeria

This study looks at how foreign investment flows affected Nigeria’s stock market performance from 1994 to 2023. The paper utilised an ex-post facto research approach, and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) bulletin, 2023, offered the data for analysis. Market capitalisation (MCAP) was the dependent variable in the study, and the independent variables used to measure foreign investment flows were foreign direct investment inflows (FDINF), outflows (FDIOUF), inflows from foreign portfolio investments (FPINF), and outflows from foreign portfolio investments (FPIOUT). The study tested the proposed hypotheses using the Ordinary Least Squares estimation approach. In order to determine the dependent variable, market capitalisation, the research examined the effects of four independent variables: FPI inflow, FDI inflows, and FPI outflows. The results show that the influx of FDI has little effect on market capitalisation. Outflows of FDI have a big effect on market capitalisation. Inflows of foreign portfolio investments have little effect on market capitalisation. Outflows from foreign portfolio investments dramatically increase the capitalisation of the stock market. As per the r2, changes in foreign investment variables in Nigeria may account for around 59% of the variations in stock market performance within the Nigerian economy. According to the study’s findings, foreign investment flows significantly affect Nigeria’s market capitalisation. Suggestions include promoting foreign direct investment inflows continuously, encouraging domestic companies to invest overseas, improving market transparency to draw in foreign portfolio investment inflows, and cautiously promoting outward investments to avoid excessive capital outflows.

The Effect of Forensic Auditing on Organizational Performance in Nigeria: Insights from Nigeria Breweries Plc (2013-2023)

The Effect of Forensic Auditing on Organizational Performance in Nigeria: Insights from Nigeria Breweries Plc (2013-2023)

Impact of Transformational Leadership Style on Public Sector’s Performance in Nigeria: A Focus on Niger State Ministry of Education

Leadership is said to be the fulcrum of every organization, Effective leadership style encourages better performance in organization. The Transformational leadership style is adopted to enhance the motivation, morale and job performance of subordinates this is done through a variety of mechanisms in the Ministry of Education Niger State. This study addresses two objectives which includes: impact of transformational leadership style on Job performance in Niger State Ministry of Education and the examination of the extent in which the attitudinal behaviour of the leadership and subjects in the ministry affect the job performance. The study adopted both primary and secondary sources of data collection using questionnaires and interviews to acquire relevant information for the study, secondary data were sourced from print materials to complement the primary data. The findings include, the transformational leadership in Educational Ministry typically perform for distinctive behavior that lead the organization to higher and greater achievement. The behavior is also known as four (I’S), which enable transformational leadership to discharge innovative characteristics for actualization of ministerial objectives. Leaders’ behavior influence followers and inspire them to perform beyond their perceived capabilities while accomplishment of target of the ministry is achieved through collective responsibility and relationship between leadership and subordinate. It was recommended that the modern organization being it public or private should focus and encourage transformational leadership style to ease and enhance positive change in every society, moreover, leaders and subjects in Niger State Education Ministry should work more co-operatively and ensure effective communication and feedback mechanisms in all their dealings while staff promotion in the ministry should base on merit and performance. However, organization that embark on transformational leadership encourage coordination and effective service delivery through dedication and commitment. Keywords: Leadership, Transformation, Ministry, Education

Using a Modified Quality Control Charts on Academic Grades of Tertiary Institutions Students

Quality of products or services has different meaning by different Authors. Quality of academic processes in Nigeria is measured mainly by the standard set by regulatory bodies of Educational Institutions. There are a number of factors that affects quality assurance and students’ academic performance in Nigeria. This study is on the application of statistical quality control techniques on the academic performance of students. The study was aimed to investigate the performance of both National Diploma (ND) and Higher National Diploma (HND) students of the Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic (WUFP) Birnin Kebbi, Nigeria, using a modified version of the Shewhart’s quality control charts. Nine (9) departments from a total of 32 departments of the institution were selected. A total of 720 student’s records of Cumulative Grade Point Averages (CGPAs) were studied. Twenty student’s records each were selected per session and per programme. The results showed that the overall performance of students of the Institution is within the average standard expected of each graduand of the Polytechnic as provided by the regulatory body, the National Board for Technical Education (NBTE).

Impact of Credit Risk Pricing on Commercial Banks’ Loan Performance in Nigeria

Impact of Credit Risk Pricing on Commercial Banks’ Loan Performance in Nigeria

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE: EVIDENCE FROM THE NIGERIAN BANKING SECTOR

This study investigates the extent to which corporate governance (Corporate governance was captured by board diversity) influences the banking sector performance in Nigeria (Performance was captured by market share and employees’ satisfaction). The survey design was used in the study, which involved administering structured questionnaires to management staff at three Nigerian banks. Two hypotheses were developed and evaluated based on the study's objectives. The research was done by using information gathered from chosen employees of three Nigerian banks. The study used charts to analyse the demographic data, and regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis using SPSS version 25. The findings reveal that board diversity significantly influence market share of the Nigerian banking sector. The R-Square indicates that 40.8% change in market share is accounted for by board diversity. Furthermore, the findings from the test of the second hypothesis indicate that board diversity significantly influences employees’ satisfaction of the Nigerian banking sector. The R-Square indicates that 61.1% change in employees’ satisfaction is accounted for by board diversity. One can conclude that board diversity is an important determinant of the banking sector market share and employees’ satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended that Nigerian banks should strive towards having a diversified board, which cut across ethnic groups, race and gender. The regulator (Central Bank of Nigeria) should put policies in place that will emphasize the diversity of banks’ board

EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE AND INTEREST RATES ON MANUFACTURING SECTOR PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA: ARCH AND GARCH APPROACH

This study evaluates the effects of exchange, and interest rates on manufacturing sector performance in Nigeria. The data were sourced from the World Bank's World Development Indicators (WDI) and the Statistical Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for the analysis. The unit root test was performed on the formulated model using the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) method. The log of manufacturing sector contribution to GDP (MUFQ), exchange rate (LEXR), inflation rate (LIFR), and bank size (LBKS) were integrated at order zero I(0) while and the log of interest rate spread (LIRS). was stationary at order one I(1), as shown by the Augmented Dickey Fuller unit root test. In order to determine whether there is a long-run relationship between interest rate, exchange rate, and inflation, a bound test was conducted using the Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model. High volatility in exchange and interest rates have a positive effect on manufacturing sector performance, as shown by the results of the Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) bound test, and the results from Arch and Garch corroborate these findings. Auto-regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) results indicated a positive and statistically significant relationship between the exchange rate and the performance of the manufacturing sector over time at 0.05 level. However, bank size revealed a positive but insignificant relationship with manufacturing sector performance in the short-run, while the coefficient of interest rate spread and inflation rate were both negative and significantly influenced manufacturing sector performance in the current year period. The paper concludes that Nigeria's manufacturing sector is strongly correlated with the country's exchange and interest rates. The study recommended amongst others that as a result of too much dependence on oil, the federal government should peg the local currency rate and mandate the deposit money banks through the Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) to maintain a single digit interest rate. This would boost investors’ confidence on the Nigerian economy as well as the financial system while efforts should be taken to diversify the economy to ease the pressure from the local currency.

Corporate Sustainability Reporting and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

This study investigates the relationship between corporate sustainability reporting and the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to determine whether economic, social, and environmental sustainability reporting affects financial performance in Nigeria using return on assets (ROA) as a measure of corporate financial performance. The study's data were sourced from annual reports of sampled banks from 2013-2022. Using the panel least squares regression technique, the study found that economic and environmental sustainability reporting has a negative and positive insignificant effect on the performance respectively. However, social sustainability reporting was found to be negative and statistically significant. Based on the findings, the study recommends amongst others that enabling legislation should be put in place to mandate enhanced sustainability practices among all deposit money banks in Nigeria as well as facilitate meaningful evaluation and measurement of economic, social, and environmental impacts in all areas of bank operations in Nigeria.

Environmental Factors and Bank Performance In Nigeria: A Panel GMM Approach

Purpose—This paper examines the impact of various environmental factors on the performance of banks in Nigeria. Specifically, the study analyzes how exchange rates, GDP growth, government expenditures, and interest rates influence the performance of selected Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach—The study uses annual data sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin and the annual reports and accounts of 12 randomly selected DMBs for the period from 2009 to 2018. The Panel Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach is employed to estimate the relationships between environmental factors and bank performance. Findings — The research finds that GDP growth, interest rates, and government expenditure all have a positive and significant impact on the performance of banks. Among these factors, government expenditure has the most substantial effect on the earnings per share (EPS) of the selected banks. Practical implications — Based on the findings, it is recommended that banks should manage their interest rates creatively within legal constraints to enhance performance. Banks should also pay close attention to government fiscal policies, especially expenditures, and incorporate these into their strategic decision-making. Additionally, banks are encouraged to develop policies, products, and services that support economic growth in Nigeria, potentially through development finance initiatives. Originality/value—This study uses a robust panel data approach to provide valuable insights into how environmental factors affect bank performance in Nigeria. By highlighting the significant role of government expenditures and other factors, it offers practical recommendations for banks to improve their performance and align their strategies with macroeconomic conditions. This research contributes to understanding banking performance in emerging economies, particularly within the context of Nigeria.

Assets Management Corporation and Bank Stability in Nigeria

In this study, the correlation between Assets Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON) and bank stability was examined. The study used panel data collected from annual reports of five Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) for the period 2011 to 2020. The auto regressive distributed lag model (ARDL) was used to analyse data collected. Findings from the study revealed that bank’s capital adequacy has positive and significant impact on DMBs’ performance in Nigeria. Additionally, non-performing loans and liquidity ratio have positive and significant effect on DMBs’performance in Nigeria. To decrease the occurrence of nonperforming loans, it is recommended that banks continuously assess and enhance their loan risk management practices. This can be achieved through the implementation of robust credit risk management systems and the use of credit scoring techniques. Also, banks should diversify their loan portfolios to reduce their exposure to single-borrower concentrations and sector-specific risks. Meanwhile, Banks should improve their internal controls and governance practices to enhance their overall risk management capabilities and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements..

Business Clothing For Females: Suitability For Effective Workplace Job Performance in Nigeria

The study investigated business clothing for females that are suitable for effective workplace job performance in Nigeria. It identified fabric characteristics of females’ business clothing already used; fabric characteristics needed and deign style preference suitable for females’ business clothing for workplace job performance. The study was guided by four research questions and two hypotheses. Population was 4,806 female civil servants in Delta state, Nigeria. Multi- stage sampling technique was utilized to select 136 females. Structured questionnaire was employed to collect data and descriptive statistics and t-test were used for data analysis. Finding showed that cotton, nylon, lacra fabrics, light and medium fabric weight, blue, black, gray, colors, cool texture, rough, smooth surface plain, stripe and flowered design among others were fabric characteristics of business clothing are being used in workplace. But prefer and need cotton, nylon, lacra, light weight, black, blue, gray, brown colours, cool, plain, surface fabrics. Net, organza, heavy weight, white, yellow, toweling fabrics were not preferred. Findings further showed that straight gown, waist flared and gathered gowns, skirt, blouse and suit/jacket, straight, shirt, long sleeves, garment with or without collar, below knee length, peter and convertible collars, among others were highly preferred design styles of clothes. In conclusion, office workers determine what they wear to perform workplace daily jobs promotes self-confidence, comfort, professional worth and productivity. It was recommended that female employees should not downplay appropriate work attires for comfort and organizational productivity to satisfy fashion trends.

Supply Chain Disruption Risk and Market Performance in Nigeria: A Case of Oil and Gas Marketing Companies

Purpose: Studies across developed and emerging economies alluded to the persistent decline in the performance of oil and gas marketing firms, which had been attributed to both micro-economic and macro-economic factors. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of supply chain disruptions on market performance of selected oil and gas marketing companies in Lagos State, Nigeria.
 Materials and Methods: The study adopted a survey research design. The total population of the study was 1,044 full-time employees of five selected oil and gas marketing companies in the downstream sector of the petroleum industry in Nigeria. The study sampled three hundred and sixty-two (362) respondents, who participated in the study. Stratified random sampling method was adopted, because it ensures less homogeneity, and a true representative of the sample, thereby the accuracy of statistical results can be higher than that of simple random sampling. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the primary data from the sample size. The research targeted 362 respondents in the survey, while 322 copies of the questionnaire administered were filled and returned. Therefore, the response rate was 91.7%.
 Findings: The three independent variables that were studied, explained 4.8% of the market performance as represented by adjusted R-square. This, therefore, meant that other variables not studied in this research contributed 95.2% of the market performance.
 Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommended that oil and gas marketing companies should increase their commitment to adopting scenario planning and supply chain mapping strategies, in order to mitigate risks threatening their supply chains, in order to accomplish better performance.

Arbitrage in Port Operation and Maritime Performance in Nigeria

The study examined arbitrage in port operation and maritime performance for period of (32) years spanning through 1990 to 2022. The independent variable employed in study (INFRSK), (EXCHR), (MNSP), and (TRB) meanwhile, the dependent variable is MRTGDP. Data were collected from CBN Statistical bulletin 2022. The study adopts the OLS methodology. Data set was described using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and inferential analysis. The finding shows EXCHR and TRB have positive and significant relationship with MRTGDP while INFRSK and MNSP disclose negative relationship with MRTGDP. The study further recommends that stable macroeconomic policies should be adopted by port operators in order to maintain the macrocosmic risk variables, such as the rate of inflation, the value of the dollar, and the rate of Treasury bills, at a level that is helpful and consistent with marine performances. Also Despite the limited progress that has been made thus far, economic volatility has remained the biggest threat to the performance of the maritime industry. As a result, we offer strategic recommendations for driving port operating arbitrage.

Comparative study of two selected eastern port operational performance in Nigeria: Case of Rivers and Delta ports

Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to compare the operational performance of two selected eastern ports in Nigeria: Rivers and Delta ports. Methodology: The paper uses secondary data from the Nigeria Port Authority (NPA) Portal from 2008 to 2013. The paper employs multiple regression models to analyze the data using SPSS and Statgraphics software packages. Results: The results show that Rivers port has a higher operational efficiency than Delta port, with an R-squared value of 81.34% and 79.47%, respectively. The results also reveal a significant relationship between cargo throughput and some independent variables, such as vessel traffic, turnaround time, berth occupancy, and number of employees. Theoretical contribution: The paper contributes to the existing literature on port performance measurement and improvement by applying multiple regression models to assess the operational efficiency of two Nigerian ports. The paper also provides empirical evidence on the factors affecting port performance in a developing country context. Practical implications: The paper has practical implications for port authorities, maritime agencies, shipping companies, and the government. The paper suggests some policy recommendations to enhance the operational performance of the eastern ports, such as improving port infrastructure, pricing policy, and strategic competition.

Asymmetric Analysis of Macroeconomic and Financial Determinants of Deposit Money Banks Performance in Nigeria

The performance of the banking industry is influenced by the economic, social, and political context in which it functions. The significant impact of the macroeconomic and financial environment on the performance of DMBs in Nigeria is apparent. The asymmetrical analysis of macroeconomic and financial factors influencing the performance of DMBs in Nigeria was investigated in this study. The researchers decided to use an ex-post-facto design. The data used in this study were obtained from the CBN annual statistics bulletin and the NBS. The NARDL methodology was used to conduct data analysis. The individual is referred to as Phillip-Peron. Unit root tests have shown a varied level of integration, although co-integration. The use of bounds testing methodology has provided evidence supporting the presence of a long-term association between the independent and dependent variables. The results indicate that the gross domestic product and all share index of the capital market have a favorable impact on DMBs in Nigeria. Conversely, inflation, monetary policy rate, and private sector credit have a negative influence on DMBs in Nigeria. The study recommended, among others, that the Federal Government should be committed to implementing economic policies aimed at accelerating rapid economic growth for the enhanced performance of DMBs in Nigeria, and the CBN should be more dynamic and strategic with the monetary policy rate (MPR) to ensure an efficient interest rate charged by DMBs.

IMPACT OF CORE COMPETENCIES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF INDUSTRIAL GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA

The study examined the impact of core competencies on organizational performance in Nigeria. It empirically investigated whether industrial goods firms in Nigeria enjoy sustained success by focusing on core competencies like their counterparts in developed economies as documented in some prior literature. Specifically, the study determined whether strong brand name, strong sales force, innovation, agility, and strong creative thinking as dimensions of core competencies impact on organizational performance. To address this objective, primary data was collected using structured questionnaire measured on Likert summated rating scale. A sample size of 200 employees drawn from selected industrial goods firms was used for the study. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to illuminate the data and test hypotheses. The results revealed that strong brand name, strong sales force, and strong creative thinking positively and significantly impact on organizational performance. Though innovation and agility have positive influence, but were not significant. Against this backdrop, it was recommended that management of industrial goods firms should leverage on core competencies to remain competitive in the global market space.
 Keywords: Agility, Creative thinking, Innovation, Strong brand name, Strong sales force.
 JEL Classification: L25 M10 O14

Credit Risk Management and Deposit Money Banks’ Performance in Nigeria

This study examined the relationship between credit risk management and performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. It was mainly conceived to unravel the causes of the incessant loan delinquencies and its resultant effect on the performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria, despite the various credit policies used by the monetary authorities to curtail them. To achieve this study, data for empirical analysis were sourced from the Nigerian deposit insurance cooperation spanning from 1990 to 2020. Error Correction Mechanism was employed to estimate the various models specified. It was found among others that non-performing loans (credit risks) exert significant impact on bank performance within the period of the study, while average liquidity ratio insignificantly relates to bank performance within same period. In the light of the above findings, the researchers recommend among others that the monetary authorities should intensify their regulatory as well as their supervisory role as it concerns the reduction of the volume of bad loans granted by banking system in Nigeria. Also, that deposit money banks should adopt a workable credit policy to forestall delinquent loans.

Corporate Risk Management Disclosures and Financial Performance of Listed Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

The relationship between corporate risk management disclosures and the financial performance of Nigerian listed deposit money banks was empirically examined in this study. The study is important because it shows how much corporate risk management disclosures affect the performance of banks. Corporate risk management disclosures (CRMDs) and financial performance were found to be correlated through the use of CRMD key proxy variables in the study. These variables included Financial Risk Management Disclosure (FRMD), Strategic Risk Management Disclosure (SRMD), Operational Risk Management Disclosure (ORMD), and Technological Risk Management Disclosure (TRMD). Return on equity (ROE) was used as a proxy for financial performance. The study was guided by four hypotheses, and the panel least squares regression model was utilized to perform a statistical test of the parameter estimates. Ex Post Facto design was employed in the study's analysis. The Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX) Factbook, published annual financial reports, and accounts of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria from 2015 to 2022 provided the secondary data for the study. Overall, the results showed a positive and significant relationship between the financial performance of listed deposit money banks and the Financial Risk Management Disclosure (FRMD), Strategic Risk Management Disclosure (SRMD), Operational Risk Management Disclosure (ORMD), and Technological Risk Management Disclosure (TRMD) have a positive and significant relationship with the financial performance of Nigerian listed deposit money bank sat 1–5% significant level of. The study comes to the conclusion that corporate risk management disclosures protect Nigerian banks' bottom lines. Since corporate risk management affects banks' performance in Nigeria, the study recommended that banks reveal more information about financial risk management, strategic risk management, operational risk management, and technological risk management in their annual reports for the consumption of financial statement users.

Performance of cold chain logistics service providers in the fast-moving consumer goods industry in Nigeria: a systematic review

The operations of the fast-moving consumer goods (FMCGs) businesses in Nigeria rely on the efficiency and efficacy of cold chain service providers for quality storage and optimal safety of perishable goods. However, the sector faces obstacles such as inadequate technology, unskilled labour, insufficient funds, weak regulation, and a poor regulatory policy framework, all of which impede the business’s growth and performance. The goal of this study is to systematically review the issues that restrict cold chain logistics service providers’ performance in Nigeria’s highly perishable food business. This study employs PRISMA procedure and the systematic literature review technique to extract articles and emphasize the importance of employing cold chain services to increase efficiency, quality service delivery, and consumer fulfilment. The study’s findings demonstrate that achieving quality service delivery, service effectiveness, cost savings, and customer satisfaction is hampered by a lack of proper synergy between cold chain logistics service providers and cold chain major stakeholders such as regulators, as well as an absence of skilled personnel, policy, funding, infrastructure, and technologies for monitoring and tracking product movement and condition. By remedying these difficulties, Nigeria’s FMCGS sectors could potentially improve their performance and contribute to the development of a robust, sustainable cold chain logistics industry. As a result, the quality and safety of FMCG goods would be enhanced, driving the expansion of the FMCG sector in Nigeria. Future research findings should focus on the cold chain logistics performance leverages on economic growth and development in Africa.

Political Stability, Quality of Governance and Stock Market Performance in Nigeria: A VECM Approach

Governance structure is riddled with rent-seeking behaviour by public agents, public institutions are not only ineffective and retroactive but there is also no regards to rule of law, no accountability and above policy inconsistencies which affects the economy including vibrant development of the stock market. This paper examined the impact of political stability and quality of governance market performance in Nigeria from 1986-2022. The variables of this study are credit to the private sector, gross domestic product, inflation, and investment (domestic), and broad money supply. The other variables are political stability, quality of governance government expenditure, unemployment and value of stocks traded. The data for these variables were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and the National Bureau of Statistics of various years. This paper was anchored on the efficient market hypothesis and the impulse response function and variance decomposition was used. The result suggested that market capitalization was strongly endogenous in the short-run predicting itself about 93 percent and 86 to 85 percent in the long-run while a one standard deviation of shock from gross domestic product to market capitalization continuously decreased from periods 1 to 10. The conclusion from the analysis of the findings is that political stability and quality of governance impacted on stock market performance. This paper recommended economy-wide reforms tom stem the impact of negative shock on the economy and stock market.