Perfect Adjustment Research Articles

Survey of Keyword Adjustment of Published Articles Medical Subject Headings in Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (2009-2010)

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: NONE DECLAREDIntroductionKeywords are the most important tools for Information retrieval. They are usually used for retrieval of articles based on contents of information reserved from printed and electronic resources. Retrieval of appropriate keywords from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) can impact with exact, correctness and short time on information retrieval. Regarding the above mentioned matters, this study was done to compare the Latin keywords was in the articles published in the Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.MethodThis is a descriptive study. The data were extracted from the key words of Englsih abstracts of articles published in the years 2009–2010 in the Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences by census method. Checklist of data collection is designed, based on research objectives and literature review which has face validity. Compliance rate in this study was to determine if the keywords cited in this article as a full subject of the main subject headings in a MeSH (Bold and the selected word) is a perfect adjustment. If keywords were cited in the article but the main heading is not discussed in the following main topics to be discussed with reference to See and See related it has considered has partial adjustment.ResultsOut of 148 articles published in 12 issues in proposed time of studying, 72 research papers were analyzed. The average numbers of authors in each article were 4 ± 1. Results showed that most of specialty papers 42 (58. 4%), belonging to the (Department of Clinical Sciences) School of Medicine, 11 (15.3%) Basic Science, 6(8.4%) Pharmacy, Nursing and Midwifery 5(6.9%), 4(5.5%) Health, paramedical Sciences 3(4.2%), and non medical article 1(1.3%) school of medicine. In general, results showed that 80 (30%) of key words have been used to complete the adjustment. Also, only 1(1.4%) had complete adjustment with all the MeSH key words and in 8 articles(11.4%) key words of had no adjustment with MeSH.ConclusionThe results showed that only 17 articles could be retrieved if the search words are selected from the MeSH. In this case the expected 100% of published articles titles at this university the validity of exchange of research projects which is something noteworthy. The lack of correlation between number of authors and matching of Keywords with MeSH, may mean all of the papers’ authors did not take part in writing and it is understanding that only one author wrote the paper.

Delving into the loss of heterostyly in Rubiaceae: Is there a similar trend in tropical and non-tropical climate zones?

Abstract Heterostyly is a specialised floral polymorphism consisting in the presence within the populations of two or three morphs that differ reciprocally in sexual organ position. The function of heterostyly has usually been related to the promotion of cross-pollination fostered by the perfect adjustment between pollinators and flower morphologies. Rubiaceae is the largest family in which this polymorphism is present. Nevertheless, just a few studies on the evolution of heterostyly have been carried out in this family. To investigate the appearance and maintenance of heterostyly we select the subfamily Rubioideae as study group. Rubioideae occur in both tropical and temperate regions and since the tropics are known to contain higher biodiversity and greater ecological specialisation than temperate areas, we characterise the taxa as tropical, non-tropical or mixed distributed (when they are present in tropical and non-tropical areas) and explored whether the heterostyly, as a specialised system, is more stable in tropical regions than in other climates of the world. Ancestral nodes in Rubioideae present heterostyly, which also is maintained along most evolutionary lineages of this group. Although we do not find a significant correlation between the presence of heterostyly and the climate zones along the whole subfamily, our results show that two of the main clades in the Spermacoceae alliance where heterostyly is lost are distributed in non-tropical areas or, at least, they are not restricted to tropical distributions. These results partially support the hypothesis that plant lineages when exposed to different pollination scenarios may evolve towards divergent pollination systems and different degrees of specialisation. However, a more detailed analysis at the species level is suggested for future studies.

Efficiency of the plantain marketing system in Ghana: A co-integration analysis

The study assesses the efficiency of the plantain marketing system in Ghana using monthly wholesale prices in GHS/10 kg covering the period 2004 to 2009. The integration among the plantain markets was tested with the Johansen multivariate co-integration analysis and error correction model. The markets chosen for the study are Accra market as a central consumption market; Kumasi market, Sunyani market and Koforidua market as assembling markets; Goaso market, Begoro market and Obogo market as producing markets. These markets were chosen based on the volume of production and trade in the areas. The findings of the market integration analysis indicate that arbitrage in the plantain marketing system is working since there are both long and short run relationship between Accra market (central consumption market) and the three assembling and three producing markets. However, the speed with which prices are transmitted between Accra market (consumption market) and the other markets (plantain production and assembling markets) is relatively weak at 27.7%, compared to perfect adjustment of 100% threshold. This implies that there is the need for further integration especially in the short run. Improvement in market information systems and expansion especially into producing areas, as well as accurate, timely, and availability of information on plantain prices may be useful in the efficient distribution of plantain from surplus to deficit markets.

Misure di similarità negli adjustment grid methods

One of the essential conditions to implementation of market oriented appraisal methods is to identify a comparable properties sample that meets comparability criteria in terms of “similarity degree”, which means that properties features are to be close one to the other, and reliability of the real estate selling prices, which could be conditioned by fortuitous circumstances and present different “reliability degree”. This paper aims to define some measures to quantitatively assess properties’ comparability degree, and set up a procedure able to perfect adjustment grid methods, correcting possible anomalies and dissimilarities in the appraisal sample.

Can overestimating one's own capacities of action lead to fall? A study on the perception of affordance in the elderly

Falls are frequent in the elderly and account for medical complications and loss of autonomy. Affordance, a concept proposed by Gibson, can help to understand a possible cause of falls. An affordance is defined as a potentiality of action offered by the environment in relation with both the properties of this environment and the properties of the organism. Most of our daily activities reflect a perfect adjustment between the perception of these potentialities of action and our actual action abilities. In other words, we correctly perceive affordances. However, in the elderly, postural abilities are reduced and equilibration is more unstable. Thus, some falls could result from a misperception of the affordances of posturability. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that cognitive overestimation of real postural abilities in the elderly may cause falls. There would be a gap between what the old subjects believe to be able to do and what they actually can do. Fifteen young adults (mean age = 24 years) and fifteen older adults (mean age = 72 years) had to judge if they were able to stand upright on an inclined surface. The exploration of the inclined surface was made in two conditions: visually and also by haptics (without vision with a cane). In a second part, we measured their real postural stance on the inclined surface. The results show that the perceptual judgments were not different among old and young people. However, as expected, the old subjects had lower postural boundaries than the younger. They could stand on lower inclinations of the surface. These results show an involution of the perception of the affordances in aging. They support the hypothesis of a cognitive overestimation of action abilities in the elderly, possibly due to a difficulty to actualize the new limits for action.

Equity Dilution: An Alternative Perspective on Mortgage Default

Empirical research on mortgage default in the single‐family market has focused on the value of the borrower's put option using house price indices to estimate contemporaneous loan‐to‐value ratio or the probability of negative equity. But since the borrower possesses the option to increase leverage by taking on additional debt secured by junior liens subsequent to loan origination (a phenomenon termed here equity dilution), even a perfect house price adjustment cannot be expected to accurately measure changes in borrower equity over time. Since junior liens are generally unobservable to senior debt holders, proxies are required in empirical applications. This paper employs an independent estimate of junior lien probability developed from the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances combined with loan level mortgage performance data to examine the role junior liens play in increasing default risk.

THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROCESS OF CIVILIZATION Ancient Anatolia as a Case in Point

Civilization is a complex whole. This is more so if we understand it as "an ideal state of human culture characterized by complete absence of barbarism and a rational, optimum utilization of physical, cultural, spiritual and human resources, and perfect adjustment of the individual within the social framework.' (Websters Third International Dictionary). Despite the vehement claims of racists, there is neither such a thing as a unique, integrating and superior civilization , nor is it possible to find the exact origins of man's material and spiritual products in the depths of history. From the first appearance of the Homo Sapiens onvvards, the development of civilization has been on a continuous line.

The effect of process adjustment error on?? chart design

The existing literature on economic design of X process control charts generally assumes perfect process adjustment, such that the process mean is returned to an exactly centered “in control” state following any real or false alarm control chart signal. This paper presents a model which demonstrates the effects of imperfect process adjustment on the economically designed control chart parameters. The model demonstrates that the optimal control limit width depends fundamentally on the precision with which the process can be adjusted. The greater the process adjustment error, all else constant, the wider will be the optimal control limits, in order to alleviate the potential for process overcontrol and tampering effects. By endogenously modeling these effects, the new model helps to rectify the problem of poor statistical properties for which the economic design approach has been criticized. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 597–612, 1999

Light scattering on ultrathin capillaries

In recent experiments, very low amplitudes of light scattering were reported for a tightly focused laser beam on a glass microcapillary. This result may be of great importance for single molecule detection in liquids. In the present paper, a theoretical study of the problem of light scattering of a focused laser beam on a cylindrical glass capillary is given. The numerical calculations are based on an exact electrodynamic treatment of the whole problem, including vector effects of the electromagnetic field of the laser beam. It is shown that under favorite conditions (inner and outer radius of the capillary, perfect adjustment of the laser beam) the intensity of the back-scattered light may be extremely low.

Respective role of the axial and appendicular systems in relation to the transition to limblessness.

In lower quadrupedal vertebrates locomotor efficiency seems to result from the associate movements of the axial and appendicular systems, which are totally independent in structure and embryological origin. The curvature of the trunk, produced by a standing wave, magnifies the propulsive action of the limbs. In intermediate forms, the association of an elongate trunk with limbs reduced in size brings about functional consequences which may be noticeably diverse according to the degree of trunk elongation and limb reduction. According to environmental constraints, animals search for better locomotor efficiency, which implies the maintenance or breakage of this association of both locomotor systems. In some cases, limb action on the ground is added to the axial wave action through a perfect mutual adjustment of rhythmic activity, until mechanical inefficiency of the limbs is reached by possible loss of contact with the ground. In other cases, the limbs dragged on the ground during the stance phase act against the axial action or, on the contrary, are inhibited by the axial system. A review of available data tries to contribute to an understanding of the respective roles of both systems in the transition to limblessness.

The Mesozoic and Cenozoic paleodrainage of South America: a natural history

The drainage history of South America, since its breakup and separation from Africa about 100 Ma, shows an exceptionally compelling and pervasive tectonic control that should be true of all the continents, disruption by continental ice sheets excluded. Virtually all of South America's present major drainage developed after its separation from Africa. First, broad domes and aulacogens affected rivers such as the lower Amazon, the São Francisco, Uruguay, Rio de la Plata and their tributaries, and the Colorado and Negro in Argentina. Later the Mid-Miocene uplift of the Andes greatly enlarged the Amazon system and also created the present Magdalena and Paraguay Rivers and most of the Orinoco System. Of all these the Amazon is unique in that its “Andean event” can be dated both at its headwaters and offshore. Of all the major South American rivers, the Paraná seems to have the most perfect adjustment to structure, and probably developed after outpouring of the Serra Geral basalts in the late Cretaceous. Examination of the offshore record of South America's passive margin contributed significantly to this analysis, although megashears, plate convergence and impinging oceanic currents have destroyed the offshore record of many rivers. In this era of global geology the ages and paleodrainage of entire continents deserve far more attention from the geologic community than they have received.

A new type of intraocular prosthesis for dogs

A simple technique is described in which sterile silicone oil (viscosity 350 cSt) was injected into the globe of an eviscerated eye with an intact cornea and sclera; the volume...

Head position dependent adjustment of the three-dimensional human vestibuloocular reflex.

We studied the influence of static head position relative to the rotation axis on the three-dimensional (3-D) vestibuloocular reflex (VOR). By means of a 3-D rotating chair and a 3-D magnetic search-coil system, eye movements were recorded in 6 normal human subjects during sinusoidal rotation about an earth-vertical axis (yaw) with the head positioned at different pitch angles and about an earth-horizontal axis (pitch) with the head positioned at different yaw angles. We confirmed that torsional VOR gain is about 2/3 of horizontal and vertical VOR gain leading to non-collinear axes of eye and head rotation whenever torsional head movement components were present with eye movement axes tilting away from the torsional direction. Despite this non-collinearity of stimulus and eye movement rotation axes there was close to perfect adjustment of the different VOR components depending on the angle between gaze direction and stimulation axis, indicating a vectorial summation of gains obtained for rotations in the major body axes (roll, pitch and yaw). The horizontal and vertical eye movement components followed a cosine function of the angle between the plane of rotation and gaze direction. The torsional component followed a sine function.

UNDERURBANIZATION POLICIES ASSESSED: CHINA, 1949-1986

Underurbanization may be defined as the extent to which the actual rate of urban growth falls short of the rate that would have occurred if there had been perfect and instantaneous adjustments of the population to urban-industrial productivity advantages. Eastern European scholars argue that underurbanization has been sought and achieved as an explicit policy objective by socialist governments. In this paper, the Tolley model is used to estimate productivity-based urban growth rates. These, in turn, permit an examination of whether, and to what extent, underurbanization may have been characteristic of China since 1949. Underurbanization was found throughout the Maoist period with three explainable contrary episodes. However, pent-up demand for urbanward migration has been released during Deng's Four Modernizations, and China now appears to be overurbanizing.

Interactions verbales parents-enfants :étude longitudinale d'un cas

The verbal interactions between a little girl and her parents (dyadic and triadic sessions), in free-play situations, were tape-recorded at home during three months. At the beginning, the child is twenty -two months old. The speech of the child and the parents was transcribed and analysed for its syntactic, lexical, functional and language-teaching aspects. On the basis of the longitudinal study, it appears that father's speech is well -suited to the child's linguistic level (modifications and characteristics of a teaching language). Some significant correlations have also been noted among measures computed on father's speech and child's speech. Longitudinal study appears to be a good way to analyse the difficulty of reaching what people have called a « perfect adjustment ». Few differences were found between father's and mother's verbal behaviours. These differences have not to be interpreted in terms of characteristics intrinsically related to the sexual roles. They have to be regarded as connected with a set of cultural factors.

Repouso da junção neuromuscular no tratamento de crises miastênicas e colinérgicas

Os autores trataram 18 crises miastênicas e colinérgicas desenvolvidas em 12 pacientes com forma generalizada e severa de miastenia grave, mediante o "repouso" da junção neuromuscular. Êste foi conseguido, em um grupo de 6 enfermos, pela suspensão das drogas anticolinesterásicas, emprego da respiração artificial e alimentação por sonda nasogástrica — "repouso relativo". Outro grupo de 6 pacientes foi submetido ao "repouso absoluto" da junção neuromuscular, mediante o uso da respiração artificial, alimentação por sonda nasogástrica e curarização prolongada pela galamina. Em mais de 50% das crises observaram-se melhoras imediatas e acentuadas com o método de tratamento pelo "repouso" da junção neuromuscular, ao lado de redução significativa da taxa de mortalidade nas crises. A evolução mostrou que os pacientes que responderam melhor durante e logo após o tratamento da crise, tiveram, também, melhor evolução ulterior. Dos 12 enfermos somente um era portador de timoma e, mesmo nesse paciente, a evolução foi satisfatória. A sensibilidade inicial ao curare foi muito grande em todos os doentes submetidos à curarização prolongada, mas, em prazo relativamente curto (alguns dias), esta hipersensibilidade diminuiu sensivelmente. Apesar de todos os cuidados, as infecções respiratórias foram a regra, exigindo tratamento enérgico e bem orientado.

Physical Properties and Hydrostatic Function of the Swimbladder of Herring (Clupea harengus L.)

Living herring at the depth of adjustment had a mean sinking factor of 1003, density of 1.026 g/ml, relative sensitivity of 0.8 and percentage swimbladder volume of 4.2. Neutral buoyancy was attained at a mean pressure reduction of 5.5% from the adjusted pressure. Swimbladder gas was under an average excess pressure of 1 cm Hg. Gas was released through the posterior swimbladder duct during pressure reduction in 105 out of 109 herring observed. Gas release occurred at a mean pressure decrease of 6% in rapidly swimming herring, at 32% in moderately swimming fish and brought the herring to within 19% of perfect adjustment to a new reduced pressure within half an hour. Herring could compensate for their increased buoyancy during pressure decrease until this was reduced by gas release. Decompression at rates up to 123 cm Hg/sec was not fatal after 16 hours at the greater pressure. No recovery of buoyancy after gas loss occurred in herring held 24 hours in running sea water even if fine air bubbles were present. Recovery occurred if these fish had access to the surface. Gas production by bacterial activity as a means of restoring buoyancy was not established. Herring responded to rapid pressure increases by swimming upwards. They could compensate for their increased density following pressure increase of 300% and survive increases of 430%. Herring from 10 to 25 feet depth at sea were positively buoyant at surface pressure when anaesthetized. Thus in nature herring are adjusted to pressures greater than surface pressure. It is suggested that they take in air when feeding at the surface at night and slowly pass this to the swimbladder on returning to greater depths by day.

CONCEPT AND FUNCTION OF REASON IN ISLAMIC ETHICS

The universal mission of French civilization has been argued on the ground that it is, as it were, made to the measure of man (M. Lambilliotte, Mission pacifique et universelle de la culture frangaise. An address before the Troisieme Congres de l'Union Culturelle Fran?aise, Fribourg, Switzerland, September 21, 1956. La culture frangaise est vraiment ' la taille de l'homme). The same conviction of its perfect adjustment to human nature and human needs supports the claim to universality of Islam. Both civilizations are fond of contemplating their own reasonableness and both take for granted the effective existence in mankind of reason as a fairly uniform capability to which this reasonableness is fitted as key to lock. But where in France, as perhaps in the West as a whole, reason is primarily an instrument to expand the known universe and to organize it through understanding, in Islam it is above all an instrument to accept and befriend a universe which God not only has made but of which He indicated the interpretation by revelation; so that there is a distinct limit beyond which the sacrificium intellectus will become the most profitable attitude for man to take-a limit neither epistemological nor introspective but rather a limit set by supreme and benevolent Wisdom in the interest of man whose rescue from himself

Why the Presence of the Negro Constitutes a Problem in the American Social Order

In an old and stable society, there is a relatively perfect adjustment between the cultural organization and the character of the natural area. Whether by lucky chance, a disposition to profit by the suggestions of competent men, or some more or less laborious process of trial and error, approximately adequate means for supporting the population have been discovered and perfected. An industrial system and economic structure, adapted to the climatic conditions and the productive character of the area, is in operation. Ways have been found to keep the numbers within the available means of life, to maintain a tolerable man-land ratio. A class order, adequate to guarantee the smooth operation of the economic machinery, has been established. A system of social rules, openly and frankly coercive or implicit and customary, determines personal status and economic specialization, specifies the incidence of social honors, provides for the unequal distribution of industrial product, maintains working relations among the diverse elements of the population, guarantees individual conformity to the group standards, and otherwise functions to perpetuate the traditional order. In the smoothly-working social order, a harmonizing body of sentiments supports the formal and external arrangements. The habitudinal adjustment of individuals to the existing rules and institutions gives a comforting sense of security, a feeling that the familiar arrangements are right, that they are somehow a part of the natural universe. This spontaneous loyalty to the established order may be consciously fostered and systematically inculcated. But even without formal propagation, in the stable society, the sentiments and attitudes of the victims as well as of the beneficiaries of the system support the existing institutions. There is a general consensus that the familiar economic plan, the political system, the class hierarchy, and other elements of the social order are much as they should be. In the situation there are no social or racial problems. There may be disgruntled individuals, there may be gross inequalities in opportunities and rewards, and there may be ruthless exploitation of class by class. But there is an established system of social relationships to which all are accommodated and in which each accepts his status as just or inevitable. Any event that disturbes the natural basis of life or the traditional institutional arrangements results in a period of greater or less social and personal disorder. Some natural catastrophe, a drought, a flight of insects, a disease epidemic, the exhaustion of resources, by destroying the basis of group life, may force profound changes in the institutional system and the moral order builded upon it. Other events

The variable composition of cordierite in the Dartmoor granites

The recognition of pronounced varietalism in both the garnet and the basic mica of the Dartmoor granites prompted the authors to inquire whether the cordierite associated with these species was similarly variable in composition.The inquiry was directed in the first instance to possible variation in the optic axial angle 2V, which is determinable with accuracy on the unaltered parts of cordierite in thin rock sections. Determinations made on the sector-twinned cordierites in the garnetiferous granite of Sweltor a gave the following peculiar results, which Mr. Rama Rao verified repeatedly, using a Fedorov microscope in perfect adjustment.